Masalah Global, Masalah Kita Bersama - Iwan Sulistyoiwansulistyo.info/.../2020/05/Lingkungan-Hidup.key.pdf · 2020. 5. 10. · Lingkungan Hidup: Masalah Global, Masalah Kita Bersama

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Lingkungan Hidup: Masalah Global,

Masalah Kita Bersama

Lingkungan Hidup: Masalah Global,

Masalah Kita Bersama

https://www.eea.europa.eu/airs/2017/resource-efficiency-and-low-carbon-economy/environmental-protection-expenditure http://www.gechs.org/images/drought.jpg https://climate.nasa.gov/system/content_pages/main_images/1320_effects-

image.jpg

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/photography/proof/2017/09/seahorse-ocean-pollution/

credit to various online sources

https://worldmapper.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/People_TotalPopulation_2018.pdf

https://worldmapper.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/People_TotalPopulation_2018.pdf

Population Year 2018

https://worldmapper.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/People_TotalPopulation_2018.pdf

https://accenthydroponics.com/images/thumbnails/280/176/detailed/3/CO2.png

https://ruknews.files.wordpress.com/2014/05/co2-release-fast-environment-cope-geologists_66.jpg

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRlP3AiEpojIlPuKPYZKHaGv9b_hxRjuLdxu2XkVsWI-ZQyXTK51A

https://s1.cdn.autoevolution.com/images/news/european-co2-emissions-rise-for-the-first-time-in-10-years-124221_1.jpg

https://img-aws.ehowcdn.com/877x500p/s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/contentlab.studiod/getty/9f8564934fea48fab1c94a90ca7f93fe

https://3c1703fe8d.site.internapcdn.net/newman/gfx/news/hires/2013/anotherlinkb.jpg

Global Efforts (Upaya Global)?

• Strengthening global research and innovation

• Looking for alternative energy sources to replace fossil energy

• Utilizing energy efficiently

Global Efforts?

Global Problem (Climate Change)

• Intergovernmental • Local/National Community

• Campaign • Real action

• Earth Hour • etc

UNFCCC (the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change)

• Individual • Global Community (Nongovernmental Organizations)

REDD+ (Reduction of Emissions from

Deforestation and Forest Degradation)

UNFCCC (the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change)

“The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (the "Convention") was adopted at the United Nations Headquarters, New York on the 9 May 1992. In accordance with Article 20, it was open for signature at Rio de Janeiro from 4 to 14 June 1992, and thereafter at the United Nations Headquarters, from 20 June 1992 to 19 June 1993. By that date, the Convention had received 166 signatures.

Pursuant to Article 22, the Convention is subject to ratification, acceptance, approval or accession by States and by regional economic integration organizations. States and regional economic integration organizations that have not signed the Convention may accede to it at any time.The Convention entered into force on 21 March 1994, in accordance with Article 23, after the 50th instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession had been deposited.

Currently, there are 197 Parties (196 States and 1 regional economic integration organization) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.The authoritative information on the status of approval, acceptance, accession and ratification of the Convention is provided by its Depositary, the Secretary-General of the United Nations, on the respective internet page of the United Nations Treaty Collection."

https://unfccc.int/process/the-convention/what-is-the-convention/status-of-ratification-of-the-convention

What are Parties & non-Party stakeholders?PartiesThe Convention divides countries into three main groups according to differing commitments:

Annex I Parties include the industrialized countries that were members of the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) in 1992, plus countries with economies in transition (the EIT Parties), including the Russian Federation, the Baltic States, and several Central and Eastern European States.

Annex II Parties consist of the OECD members of Annex I, but not the EIT Parties. They are required to provide financial resources to enable developing countries to undertake emissions reduction activities under the Convention and to help them adapt to adverse effects of climate change. In addition, they have to "take all practicable steps" to promote the development and transfer of environmentally friendly technologies to EIT Parties and developing countries. Funding provided by Annex II Parties is channelled mostly through the Convention’s financial mechanism.

Non-Annex I Parties are mostly developing countries. Certain groups of developing countries are recognized by the Convention as being especially vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change, including countries with low-lying coastal areas and those prone to desertification and drought. Others (such as countries that rely heavily on income from fossil fuel production and commerce) feel more vulnerable to the potential economic impacts of climate change response measures. The Convention emphasizes activities that promise to answer the special needs and concerns of these vulnerable countries, such as investment, insurance and technology transfer.

The 49 Parties classified as least developed countries (LDCs) by the United Nations are given special consideration under the Convention on account of their limited capacity to respond to climate change and adapt to its adverse effects. Parties are urged to take full account of the special situation of LDCs when considering funding and technology-transfer activities.

Disclaimer   The UNFCCC secretariat has become aware that certain admitted observer organizations are using commercial business model packages to solicit business. As an inducement to sell these packages, potential clients are assured participation at UNFCCC conferences, sessions and meetings through quotas of admitted observer organizations. The UNFCCC secretariat would like to make clear that it does not endorse such practices nor does it charge any fees to anyone for participating in the UNFCCC process. Eligible participants are accredited only by the UNFCCC secretariat who upon issue of badges by the UNFCCC secretariat can enter conference, sessions and meetings venue and participate, subject to the relevant rules and regulations, in the activities organized by the UNFCCC secretariat including the UNFCCC side events and exhibits and UNFCCC Climate Change Studio.

https://unfccc.int/process/parties-non-party-stakeholders/the-big-picture/what-are-parties-non-party-stakeholders

https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/conveng.pdf

https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/conveng.pdf

Historical Progress

• Rio de Janeiro (14 June 1992)

• Kyoto Protocol (1998)

• Paris Agreement (2015)

•Bangkok Climate Change Conference - September 2018

Kyoto Protocol“In 1992, countries joined an international treaty, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, as a framework for international cooperation to combat climate change by limiting average global temperature increases and the resulting climate change, and coping with impacts that were, by then, inevitable.

By 1995, countries launched negotiations to strengthen the global response to climate change, and, two years later, adopted the Kyoto Protocol. The Kyoto Protocol legally binds developed country Parties to emission reduction targets. The Protocol’s first commitment period started in 2008 and ended in 2012. The second commitment period began on 1 January 2013 and will end in 2020.

There are now 197 Parties to the Convention and 192 Parties to the Kyoto Protocol.”

https://unfccc.int/process/the-convention/history-of-the-convention#eq-1

Paris Agreement“The 2015 Paris Agreement, adopted in Paris on 12 December 2015, marks the latest step in the evolution of the UN climate change regime and builds on the work undertaken under the Convention. The Paris Agreement charts a new course in the global effort to combat climate change.

The Paris Agreement seeks to accelerate and intensify the actions and investment needed for a sustainable low carbon future. Its central aim is to strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change by keeping a global temperature rise this century well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase even further to 1.5 degrees Celsius. The Agreement also aims to strengthen the ability of countries to deal with the impacts of climate change.”

https://unfccc.int/process/the-convention/history-of-the-convention#eq-1

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