Mark Borkowski Presentation

Protecting Borders—Contributions from Technology and Innovation

CES Government 2011

Mark S. BorkowskiAssistant Commissioner, Office of Technology Innovation and Acquisition

January 6, 2011

CBP’s Dual Missions

Security

• Stop terrorism• Prevent illegal entry • Block drug & human

smuggling• Prevent agricultural

disease• Secure national events• Assist with disaster

relief

Facilitation

• Collect customs revenue• Process incoming

travelers • Inspect imports • Stop counterfeits

Some Uses of Technology…

• Detect and Classify Incursions• Identify Individuals or Objects of Interest• Automate Transactions and Processes• Inspect People and Conveyances• Manage Risk (Automate Targeting)• Integrate / Synthesize Data and Information• Take Measurements• Detect and Identify Contraband• Provide Situational Awareness• Support Decision-Making• Protect Personnel

Some Uses of Technology…

• Detect and Classify Incursions• Identify Individuals or Objects of Interest• Automate Transactions and Processes• Inspect People and Conveyances• Manage Risk (Automate Targeting)• Integrate / Synthesize Data and Information• Take Measurements• Detect and Identify Contraband• Provide Situational Awareness• Support Decision-Making• Protect Personnel

Focus of Much of the Public’s Attention…

Border Security and Capability(Between the Ports of Entry)

Color-coded border control levels are generated by CBP’s ORBBP process and do not directly account for ICE and USCG efforts on the border.

Status as of end of FY 2008 5

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Border Security(Between the Ports of Entry)

• Depends on effective integration of three “pillars”– Personnel– Tactical Infrastructure– Technology

• Requires– Knowledge (situational awareness)– Ability to act on knowledge

• CBP’s capital investments contribute to Border Control– Technology & Tactical Infrastructure– Knowledge and enhanced ability to respond

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Border Security Trends(Correlated to Personnel)

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Border Security Trends(Correlated to Pedestrian Fence)

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Remote Video Surveillance System (RVSS) 80-foot Monopole Tower

•2 pairs of cameras

•Each pair includes “day” and “night” cameras

•Images transmitted to Border Patrol station

•Remotely controlled

Exemplar Technology Deployments(Existing RVSS)

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El Centro—Apprehensions(as Share of Total SW Border)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

16%

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Success in San Diego deflects

flow to El Centro

RVSS Deployments to El Centro

Secure Border Initiative-Network (SBInet)

• Comprehensive Technology Development Program

• Intended to cover the Southwest Border with Integrated Sensor Technology– Planned completion: 2011– Planned cost: $8 billion

• Anticipated to evolve and eventually to integrate and fuse all technology

• Beset with cost, schedule, and performance issues—almost from the start– Currently deployed : 53 miles of border in Arizona

• Undergoing Secretarial review and re-assessment12

1304/10/2304/10/23

2 1Electro-Optical

and Infrared Sensor Package

Telephonics ARSS-1 Long

Range Ground Surveillance

Radar

3SSCU -

Sensor Signal Conditioning

Unit

5Unattended Ground

Sensor (UGS) Receivers

7Shelter

4Microwave

6Tower

8Power

SystemSBInet Block 1 Sensor Tower

141404/10/23

Common Operating Picture (COP)

•SBInet command and control system

•Links sensors and towers within an area of operations (AOR)

•Creates tracks and cues cameras

•Provides user interface

TUS-1 Video

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Current SBInet Deployments

•Tucson-1 (TUS-1)• 23 miles of border coverage• 9 sensor, 8 comm towers

•Ajo-1• 30 miles of border coverage• 6 sensor, 4 comm towers

Departmental Re-assessment

• Directed by Secretary Napolitano

• Two primary motivations:– Continued delays and cost growth– Need for quantitative, science-based analysis of cost-

effectiveness

• Initial result: immediate redirection of “stimulus” funds to other, stand-alone technologies

• In process: – Evaluate SBInet viability– Trade SBInet against other technology options

• Secretarial decision pending…

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Example Technology Options

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Mobile Surveillance Capability (MSS)

38 MSSs currently deployed to the Southwest Border

3 MSSs currently deployed on the Northern Border

Provide immediate capability, fill gaps, and back-up other systems

Day and night camerasGround surveillance radarLaser illuminatorData displaysCommand and control links

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LLELLE

•• MSPMSP •• RCMPRCMP •• USCG USCG •• IBET IBET •• CBSA

CBSA •• Others

Others

OICOIC

OAMOAM •• OBPOBP •• OIOC OIOC •• OFO OFO

CommsCommsIntelIntel SASA •••• CommsCommsIntelIntel SASA ••••

Common Situational Display

Intel Overlay

Conceptual Viewof OIC Operations

Northern Border Integration DemonstrationOperational Integration Center (OIC)

SBInet—Status and Implications

• Program has labored through fits and starts

• Results over the last year have been better…– Stayed on (revised) schedule and cost– Began initial operations in two Areas of Responsibility– Border Patrol feedback has been generally positive

• Program is modified compared to its original ambitions

• Cost-effectiveness is a continuing question

• Other technologies besides SBInet are effective

• There is more to border security than deployment of sensors between the ports of entry

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Consequences of SBInet Experience in CBP

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Along with other CBP experiences—highlighted the need for a more strongly denoted approach to

technology innovation and acquisition

• Increased recognition of technology’s potential role and value

• Recognition that “technology is good” is a dangerous tautology

• Concern over lack of coordination

• Need for tighter linkage between acquisition and future technology opportunities

• Need for more consistency in overall program management capability

04/10/23 23

The Office of Technology Innovation and Acquisition

• Expanding the perspective– Holistic, not stove-piped, view of technology– Broad application of strong program

management

Some Uses of Technology…

• Detect and Classify Incursions• Identify Individuals or Objects of Interest• Automate Transactions and Processes• Inspect People and Conveyances• Manage Risk (Automate Targeting)• Integrate / Synthesize Data and Information• Take Measurements• Detect and Identify Contraband• Provide Situational Awareness• Support Decision-Making• Protect Personnel

Bal

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Pri

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Inte

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Allo

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Res

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Man

age

Eff

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Elim

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anci

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Commissioner’s Focus Programs--2011

• SBInet– Continue improving program management– Implement the Secretarial direction from the re-assessment

• Automated Commercial Environment (ACE)– Enhance program management effectiveness and credibility– Design well-scoped modules of capabilities– Meet commitments and produce results

• Non-intrusive Inspection (NII)– Build coherent, integrated program strategy– Improve effectiveness

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Summary

• Border security depends on an effective mix of personnel, infrastructure, and technology

• SBI and the SBInet program are changing

• Secretarial re-assessment of SBInet will set the future direction

• CBP is focused on strengthening technology and acquisition program management– Short- and Long-Term Goals

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We are the guardians of our Nation’s borders.

We are America’s frontline.

We safeguard the American homeland at and beyond our borders.

We protect the American public against terrorists and the instruments of terror.

We steadfastly enforce the laws of the United States while fostering our

nation’s economic security through lawful international trade and travel.

We serve the American public with vigilance, integrity and professionalism.

Protecting the Border Is An Immense Job

Every day, CBP deploys more than 42,000 frontline personnel to protect nearly 7,000 miles of land border and 327 ports of entry.

…So Is Managing Our Massive Imports

In FY 2009, CBP processed $1.7 trillion in commercial imports.

Recent Border Protection Successes

• 361.2 million travelers inspected at ports of entry

• 556,000 illegitimate entrants stopped along border

• 224,000 inadmissible aliens turned away at ports of entry

• 1.5 million prohibited animal or plant products kept out

• 166,727 agricultural pests blocked

• 39,000 suspected criminals arrested

• 9,500 wanted criminals arrested

FY 2009 data

Trade Security

• 108.5 million conveyance vehicles inspected

• 56,000 foreign examinations of cargo

• 2,500 security validations in 90 countries

FY 2009 data

Drug Seizures

• 1.5 million pounds of drugs seized at ports of entry

• 1.3 million pounds of marijuana and cocaine seized by Air and Marine agents

• Significant increases over FY 2008: – Heroine seizures rose 316% along

the border– Cocaine seizures rose 53% at ports

of entry, 18% along the border– Marijuana seizures rose 19% at

ports of entry, 58% along the border

FY 2009 data; *measured by kilos of weight seized