Marine brown algae (Phaeophyta) from the north coast of Papua ...

Cryptogamie, Algal., 2001, 22 (1): IS-40 0 2001 Adac/l?ditions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS. Tous droits reserves SOl81-1568(00)01047-3/PLA

Marine brown algae (Phaeophyta) from the north coast of Papua New Guinea, with a description of

Dictyota mugneana sp. nov.

Eric COPPEJANp*, Olivier DE CLERCKb and Frederik LELIAERT

Research group Phycology, Department Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat, 35 9000. Ghent, Belgium

(Received 10 July 2000, accepted 14 November 2000)

Abstract - The marine benthic brown algae of the north coast of Papua New Guinea (mainly from Madang province) are documented, based on collections made by the first author, between 1980 and 1990. All records [34 identified taxa (+Sargassum spp.)] are listed with bibliographic, taxonomic, nomenclatural and biogeographical notes. The specimens belonging to the genus Dictyota are identified according to recent species definitions. D. magneana De Clerck et Coppejans is described as new to science. Only some representatives of the genus Sargassum have been identified to species level. The phaeophycean flora of the north coast is very similar to that of the south coast (Port Moresby area); nevertheless some differences can be observed. 0 2001 Adac/Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS

Phaeophyta I Papua New Guinea I checklist I Dictyota magneana sp. nav.

R&urn6 - Les PhCophyckes hcnthiques de la tote Nord de la Papouasie Nouvelle Guinee (surtout de la Province de Madang) sont documentees, base sur les collections du premier auteur, effect&es entre 1980 et 1990. Pour chaque espece (+ de 34 taxons) des don&es bibliographiques, taxonomiques, nomenclaturales et biogeographiques sont ajoutr5es. Les specimens appartenant au genre Dictyota sont identifies selon les d6finitions r&entes des esp&ces. D. magneana De Clerck et Coppejans est d&rite comme nouvelle espbce pour la science. Dans le genre Sargassum quelques esp&ces seulement ont et6 identifi&s jusqu’au niveau d’espece. La flore ph6ophyc&nne de la tote nord est t&s semblable a celle de la &te sud (region de Port Moresby), mais nc%nmoins certaines differences peuvent &e not&z,. 0 2001 Adac&ditions scientifiques et m&icales Elsevier SAS

Phaeophyta I Papouasie Nouvelle Guinke I liste d’espks annot& I Dic4oti magneana sp. nov.

INTRODUCTION

The tropical Western Pacific region has received at least some attention regarding its marine benthic algae over the previous three decades. Floristic works and

* Correspondence and reprints: [email protected] ’ Dedicated to emeritus Rofessor Francis Magne on the occasion of his 75” birthday. This paper could not be included in issue 2 of vol. 21.

16 E. Coppejans, 0. de Clerck and F. Leliaert

checklists have been published from several countries including the Philippines (Silva et al., 1987), Indonesia (Coppejans 8z Prud’homme van Reine, 1992; Verheij & Prud’homme van Reine, 1993), northern Australia (Lewis, 1984, 1985, 1987), Taiwan (Lewis & Norris, 1987), Thailand (Velasquez & Lewmanomont, 1975; Lewmanomont & Ogawa, 1995), Vietnam (Dawson, 1954; Nguyen et al., 1993), the Solomon Islands (Womersley & Bailey, 1970), Micronesia (Tsuda & Wray, 1977), and New Caledonia (Garrigue & Tsuda, 1988). In marked contrast, however, the marine algae of Papua New Guinea are considerably less well known with some surveys from the southern coast only recently being published (Heijs, 1985a, 1985b; Ohba & Enomoto, 1992; Coppejans et al., 1995a, 1995b; Millar et al., 1999) where approximately 280 species are now documented.

Apart from two publications dealing with the green algal genus Cuulerpu (Coppejans & Meinesz, 1988; Coppejans, 1992), a study of macroalgae associated with seagrass meadows (Heijs & Brouns, 1986), and with mangrove vegetations (Ring, 1990), a short list of marine Chlorophyta (Enomoto & Ohba, 1992) and an annotated checklist of the Rhodophyta (Coppejans & Millar, 2000), there are no recently published accounts of the algal flora from the north coast of Papua New Guinea (PNG). Recent studies on Phaeophyta from the north coast of PNG are unexistant.

For the history of marine algal exploration in PNG, mainly carried out in the 19th and early 20th century, we refer to Millar er al. (1999).

The sudden research interest in phycological research in Papua New Guinea since 1980 is a combined effect of the presence of two field stations (the Belgian Biological Station on Laing Island, close to Bogia, and the American Christensen Research Institute close to Madang), and the successful procurement of funds specifically targeting taxonomic research by the first author. This has allowed easy access to and critical study of the marine algae of the northern coast of PNG over the past 20 years. Unfortunately, the recent closure of both biological stations will make future collections from this area difficult.

All collection localities listed in this paper are included in the maps, published by Coppejans & Meinesz (1988: figs 1,2) and Coppejans (1992: map 1). Four collecting expeditions were undertaken over a lo-year period (June-August 1980, July-August 1986, June-August 1988, July-August 1990 + W.F. Prud’homme van Reine) with on-site laboratories and accommodation being used at the Laing Island Biological Station (Hansa Bay, Bogia) and at the Christensen Research Institute (Nagada Harbour, Madang). The majority of the collecting was carried out along the coast between Hansa Bay and Madang, but in 1986 the research was extended to the Saidor area (Astrolabe Bay). At all localities, both intertidal and subtidal SCUBA collections were made to depths of 50 m. This resulted in approximately 2 350 herbarium vouchers and numerous formalin preserved specimens. The main collection is deposited in the herbarium of the Ghent University (GENT). Some duplicate specimens are deposited in the herbarium of the University of Papua New Guinea (UPNG). Duplicates from the 1990 collections are also deposited in the Herbarium of Leiden, the Netherlands (L), the Herbarium of the Christensen Research Institute (Madang, PNG) and in the herbarium of Lae (PNG). As the four collecting expeditions took place in the same season, a number of seasonal species most probably are absent from this list. Moreover, small species (turf algae, epiphytic species) have been collected only sporadically.

Phaeophyta of northern Papua New Guinea 17

ARRANGEMENT AND FORMAT OF THE LIST

The systematic arrangement of orders and families essentially follows that of Silva et al. (1996). For each species, references are given to publications where a description and or illustration can be found corresponding to our specimen(s), and the type locality is given as at least one distributional record. References cited for descriptions and illustrations which are listed ‘as’ refer to misapplied names or ‘ = ‘ where they are synonyms. Most species were illustrated in Coppejans ef al. (1995) and therefore only the new Dictyofu species is illustrated here. Voucher specimens of Coppejans (HEC = Herbarium Eric Coppejans), filed in GENT, and of Coppejans and Prud’homme van Reine (Copp & PvR), filed in GENT and L (Leiden) arc then cited. Due to the large number of specimens collected from many sites, we have chosen to limit to five the number of vouchers listed for each species. These are chosen to reflect the broad distribution within the study area and include three locations along the mainland coast and (where available) two from remote islands (Manam, Boisa, and Bagabag). Supplementary collections are mentioned under ‘other collection sites in N-PNG’. Notes regarding various aspects of taxonomy, systematics, nomenclature, or aberrant characters, and distribution in the SW-Pacific from the Philippines down to N Australia, including Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand, are included. The biogeographic references are not exhaustive: review papers and species lists of major regions belonging to the geographic area mentioned above are included. Moreover only a single reference per species per region is mentioned. The countries or regions are placed alphabetically.

RESULTS

Order Ectocarpales

Family Ectocarpaceae

Feldmannia Hamel Feldmunnia indica (Sonder) Womersley et Bailey 1970: 288-289 References: Tsuda (1972: 91, pl. 1: fig. 2); Jaasund [1976: 35, fig. 69 (= Gzrordia indica (Sonder) Papenfuss et Chihara)]; Nguyen et al. (1993: 114, fig. 77); Trono Jr. (1997: 100, fig. 69). Type locality: Bima Bay, Sumbawa, Indonesia. Voucher: Copp & PvR 13654(B), 10.8.1990: Madang, Nagada Harbour, vertical walls of floating pontoon. Distribution in SW-Puci$c: N Australia (Lewis J.A., 1985: 4), Caroline Islands [Trono Jr., 1969: 25 (= Ectoculpus indicus Sonder)], Fiji (South & Kasahara, 1992: 53), Guam (Tsuda, 1972: 91), Indonesia [Weber-van Bosse, 1913: 129 (= E. indicus)], Micronesia (Tsuda & Wray, 1977: lOl), Papua New Guinea (this paper), Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 73), Solomon Islands (Womersley & Bailey, 1970: 288), Vietnam [NguyCn et al., 1993: 114 (= Giffordiu indicu)].

Feldmannia irregularis (Ktitzing) Hamel 1939: xvii References: Jaasund (1969: 206, fig. 6); Clayton [1974: 777, figs 19, 20 (= Gzfordiu irregularis (Ktitzing) Joly)]; Jaasund [1976: 35, fig. 71 (as G. conifera (Borgesen) Taylor)]; Womersley (1987: 42, figs 6D, 8A-C).


Type locality: Adriatic Sea. Voucher: Copp & PvR 13755(B), 19.8.1990: Hansa Bay, between Awar River and Awar plantation, epiphytic on Rosenvingea orientalis, -215 m. Distribution in SW-Pacific: N Australia [Lewis J.A., 1985: 4 (= Giffordia irregularis (Kiltzing) Joly)], Fiji (N’Yeurt et al., 1996: 67), Guam (Tsuda, 1972: 92), Micronesia (Tsuda & Wray, 1977: lOl), Papua New Guinea (this paper), Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 73), Vietnam [Dawson, 1954: 398 (= Ectocarpus irregularis Ktitzing)], Solomon Islands (Womersley & Bailey, 1970: 289).

Hincksia J. Gray Hincksiu mitchelliue (Harvey) Silva in Silva et al. 1987: 73 References: Jaasund [ 1976: 35, fig. 35 (= Gtrordia mitchelliae (Harvey) Hamel)]; Lawson & John [1987: 108, pl. 11, fig. 1 (= G. mitchelliae)]; Womersley [1987: 52, fig. lOD, 12E-G (= G. mitchelliae)]; NguyCn et al. [1993: 115, fig. 78 (= G. mitchellae)]. Type locality: Nantucket, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Vouchers: Copp & PvR 13242(B), 18.7.1990: Madang, seaward side of the patch reef between Sinub Island and Wongat Island, sand-covered reef flat, -1.5 m; Copp & PvR 13263(B), 19.7.1990: Madang, seaward side of the patch reef seaward of Ruo Island, ecology as previous nr. Distribution in SW-Pact@: N Australia [Lewis J.A., 1985: 4 (= Gzrordia mitchellae (Harvey) Hamel)], Fiji (N’Yeurt et al., 1996: 67), Micronesia [Tsuda & Wray, 1977: 101 (= Ectocarpus mitchellae Harvey)], Papua New Guinea (Coppejans et al., 1995: 190), Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 73), Taiwan [Lewis & Norris, 1987: 11 (= E. mitchellae)], Vietnam [Dawson, 1954: 400 (= E. mitchellae)].

Order Sphucekuiales

Family Sphacelariaceae

SphaceZariu Lyngbye Sphaceluria rigidulu Kiitzing 1843: 292 References: Jaasund [ 1976: 37, fig. 75 (= S. furcigera Ktitzing)]; Prud’homme van Reine (1982: 203-220, figs 508-554); Tseng [1984: 202, fig. 2 (= S. furcigera)]; Womersley (1987: 166, fig. 51D, 54A-G); Nguyen et al. [1993: 135, fig. 90 (= S. fircigera)]. Type locality: Red Sea. Vouchers: HEC 7853, 19.7.1988: Suaru, epiphytic on Turbinaria decurrens, -1 m; Copp & PvR 13738(B), 18.8.1990: bay in front of Malala village, with plurilocular sporangia, ecology as previous nr; Copp & PvR 13825(B), 22.8.1990: Hole in the wall, close to Mugil Harbour, epiphytic on Sargassum cristaefolium. Distribution in SW-Pact@: N Australia (Lewis J.A., 1985: 8), Fiji (N’Yeurt et al., 1996: 67), Guam [Tsuda, 1972: 93 (= S. furcigera)], Indonesia (Coppejans dz Prud’homme van Reine, 1991: 179), Malaysia [Phang, 1986: 43 (= S. furcigera)], Micronesia [Tsuda & Wray, 1977: 102 (= S. furcigera)], Papua New Guinea (Coppejans et al, 1995: 194), Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 73), Solomon Islands (Womersley 8z Bailey, 1970: 290), Taiwan [Lewis & Norris, 1987: 11 (= S. furcigera)], Vietnam [Nguy&r et al., 1993: 129 (= S. furcigera)] .

Sphacelariu tribuloides Meneghini 1840: [2] References: Jaasund (1976: 37, fig. 76); Prud’homme van Reine (1982: 179-188, figs 422-454); Womersley (1987: 160-1626, fig. 45G, 52A-C). Type locality: La Spezia, Italy.


Voucher: Copp & PvR 13323(B), Madang, Ulingan Bay, epiphytic on Turbinaria omata, mid intertidal; with plurilocular sporangia. Distribution in SW-Pacijc: N Australia (Lewis J.A., 1985: 9), Fiji (South & Kasahara, 1992: 53), Guam (Tsuda, 1972: 93), Indonesia (Weber-van Bosse, 1913: 134), Micronesia (Tsuda & Wray, 1977: 103), Papua New Guinea (this paper), Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 74), Taiwan (Lewis & Norris, 1987: ll), Vietnam (Dawson, 1954: 400).

Order Dictyotales

Family Dictyotaceae

Dictyopteris Lamouroux Dictyopteris repens (Okamura) Borgesen 1924: 265, fig. 13 References: Okamura [1916: 8, fig. 3, pl. 1, figs 7-18 (= Haliseris repens Okamura)]; Womersley & Bailey (1970: 291); Tsuda (1972: 94, pl. 3, fig. 1); Allender & Kraft (1983: 107, fig. 19A, B); Coppejans et al. (1995: 178, figs 3, 4). Type locality: Truk Island, Caroline Islands. Vouchers: HJX 4358, 13.6.1980: Hansa Bay, Laing Island, -30/40 m; HEC 7541: Madang, barrier reef close to Wongat Island, landward slope, on coral rubble, 40 m; HEC 7823, 16.7.1988: Manam, Babian, vertical wall, -3 m; HEC 7987, 26.7.1988: Astrolabe Bay, Cape Iris-Bilian, vertical wall of outer slope of the fringing reef, -5 m; Copp & PvR 13626(B), 8.8.1990: Bagabag, SE point of Christmas Bay, -40 m. Other collection sites in N-PNG: Hansa Bay: Bisalpap Reef, Boisa Island; Bogia Bay; Mugil Harbour; Madang: Kranket Island, Tab Island, Wongat Island, Nagada Harbour, patch reef between Sinub Island and Wongat Island, patch reef between Tausch Island and Sek Island. Distribution in SW-Pacijc: N Australia (Lewis J.A., 1985: lo), Caroline Islands (Trono Jr., 1969: 31), Fiji (South & Kasahara, 1992: 53), Guam (Tsuda, 1972: 94), Indonesia (Verheij & Prud’homme van Reine, 1993: 422), Micronesia (Tsuda & Wray, 1977: lOl), Papua New Guinea (Coppejans et al., 1995: 178), Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 75), Solomon Islands (Womersley & Bailey, 1970: 291), Taiwan (Lewis & Norris, 1987: 11). Note: The species is distinguished from the morphologically similar D. delicatula Lamouroux by the absence of submarginal veins. Several authors (Oosterbaan, 1984: 9; Taylor, 1960: 228) have suggested that the presence or absence of submarginal veins might be a variable feature, depending on the age of the thallus straps, which would make the two species conspecific. Other characters also seem to be variable and dependant on environmental factors such as depth and hydrodynamism: deepwater specimens are thinner and show longer interdichotomies than thalli from shallower habitats.

Dictyota Lamouroux A recent monographic study of the genus Dictyota in the Indian Ocean (De

Clerck, 1999), based on a morphometric approach, resulted in reducing the total number of D. species for that region from 43 to 23 (including 2 newly described species). Due to taxonomic confusion and the occurrence of numerous misapplied names, distributional data based on literature reports should be treated with care. Therefore, we list the distribution of the species as occurring in the literature, followed by a list of localities of which vouchers have been recently examined by De Clerck (1999), confirming their occurrence.

Dictyota adnata Zanardini 1878: 34-35 References: Weber-van Bosse (1926: 101-102, fig. 19); Coppejans (1990: 371-380, figs l-15); De Clerck (1999: 57-61, pls lA-F, 2A-E).


Neotype locality: Kepulauan Kai, Indonesia (De Clerck & Coppejans, 1997a: 33). Voucher: Copp & PvR 13169(B), 157.1990: Madang, Island N of Demasa Island, vertical wall of dead coral head, supralittoral fringe. Distribution in SW-Pacific: N Australia (Lewis J.A., 1985: ll), Indonesia (Weber-van Bosse, 1926: lOl-102), Papua New Guinea (Coppejans et al., 1995: 180).

Dictyota bankzyresiana Lamouroux 1809: 43 References: Ktttzing (1859: 8, pl. 16, fig. 1); Taylor [1960: 219, pl. 30, fig. 2 (= D. bartayresii Lamouroux)]; Tsuda [1972: 95, pl. 3, figs 2, 3 (= D. bartayresii)]; Homig et al. [ 1992: 56, fig. 5 (as D. neglecta Homig et Schnetter)]; De Clerck (1999: 65-7 1: pl. 3A-D, 4A-G). Type locality: [Antilles], Caribbean Sea. Vouchers: HEC 7839, 18.7.1988: Bogia, Bar01 Point, horizontal coral substratum, -4 m; Copp & PvR 13592(B), 7.8.1990: Nagada Harbour in front of Gosem Island, beach lagoon, shallow water. Distribution in SW-Pacific: Fiji [South & Kasahara, 1992: 54 (= D. patens J. Agardh)], Guam [Tsuda, 1972: 96(= D. patens)], Micronesia [Tsuda & Wray, 1977: 101 (= D. patens)], Papua New Guinea (this paper), Philippines [Silva et al., 1987: 75 (= D. patens)], Vietnam [Nguyen et al., 1993: 141 (= D. patens)]. Note: The specimens from the south coast of PNG (Coppejans et al., 1995b: 180, fig. 8) mentioned under this species in fact belong to D. crispata.

Dictyota canaliculuta De Clerck et Coppejans 1997b: 409-411, figs 14 Reference: Coppejans et al. (1995: fig. 15). Type locality: Loloata Island, Port Moresby area, Papua New Guinea. Vouchers: HEC 4378, 17.6.1980: Hansa Bay, Laing Island, mostly between -20 and -32 m, but also up to -5 m; HEC 4670, 15.8.1980: Manam, -32 m; Copp & PvR 13325(B), 21.7.1990: Ulingan Bay, S. slope towards the open sea; Copp & PvR 13650, 8.8.1990: Bagabag, in front of Bedilu village, -30 m; Copp & PvR 13840(B), 26.8.1990: Magic Pass, between Siar and Kranket Island, -25 m. Other collection sites in N-PNG Madang: Nagada Harbour, Wongat Island, patch reef SW of Wongat Island, Kranket Island, Tripod reef, Ruo Island, patch reef between Tausch Island and Sek Island, patch reef between Gosem Island and Tripod reef, Otillian Pass (channel to Sek Harbour). Distribution in SW Pact&: Papua New Guinea (Coppejans et al., 1995: 185, fig. 15 as Dictyota sp. 3).

Dictyota centicomis Ktitzing 1859: 11, pl. 24, fig. 2 References: Okamura [1913: 31-32, pl. 108, figs l-8 (as D. divaricata Lamouroux)]; Cribb [1954: 22, pl. 3, fig. 3 (= D. pan&is Ktitzing f. pseudohamata Cribb)]; Taylor (1960: 222: pl. 31, fig. 2); Tsuda (1972: 95-96, pl. 3, fig. 4, pl. 4, fig. 1); Jaasund [1976: 75-76, fig. lC, 2A,H, 3A,B (under D. cervicornis and = D. pardalis)]; Trono Jr. (1997: 106, fig.73); De Clerck (1999: 75-87, pl. SA-E, 6A-D, 7A-F, 8A-E). Type locality: Vera Cruz, Mexico. Vouchers: HEC 4401, 23.6.1980: Hansa Bay, Laing Island, -5/14 m; HEC 7562, 23.6.1988: Madang, enclosed bay of Kranket Island; HEC 7950, 25.7.1988: Astrolabe Bay, Suit; HEC 8013, 1.8.1988: Ulingan Bay, epiphytic on Sargassum, just under low water mark; Copp & PvR 13532(B), 2.8.1990: Bagabag, NW point of Christmas Bay. Other collection sites in N-PNG: Hansa Bay: between Awar River and Awar plantation; Bogia Bay: Kola-Kola Islet and Reamanu Islet; Suaru; Hatzfeldthafen; Malala village;


Madang: Gosem Island, Nagada Harbour, Malamal Island, patch reef between Sinub Island and Wongat Island, patch reef between Tausch Island and Sek Island, lagoon between Sarang Harbour and Walog. Distribution in SW-Puci@: N Australia bwis J.A., 1985: 12 (= D. pardalis)], Fiji (South & Kasahara, 1992: 54), Guam (Tsuda, 1972: 95), Indonesia [Weber-van Bosse, 1913: 184 (= D. pardulis)], Malaysia [Phang, 1986: 39 (= D. indicu Sonder and = D. pardulis)], Micronesia (Tsuda & Wray, 1977: lOl), Papua New Guinea (Coppejans etul., 1995: 180), Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 75), Singapore (Teo 8z Wee, 1983: 67); Thailand (Lewmanomont dz Ogawa, 1995: 70); Vietnam (Nguy&n et al., 1993: 142). Note: In De Clerck and Coppejans (1997b: 413) the new combination D. cerviconzis Ktitz. forma pseudohumutu (Cribb) De Clerck & Coppejans was proposed (= D. purdulis Ktitz. forma pseudohumatu Cribb). Subsequent research by De Clerck (1999: 75-92), based on numerous specimens of D. cervicornis from the Indian Ocean, indicates that the presence of recurved branchlets in D. cervicornis does not seem to be a reliable character and that a continuous series of intergrades between straight and typically recurved branchlets exists. Hence the forma pseudohumutu can no longer be sustained. The material from PNG also shows intergrades between specimens without (e.g. Copp & PvR 13750) and with well developed recurved branchlets (e.g. HEC 7851).

Dictyota ceylanica Ktitzing 1859: 11, pl. 25, fig. 1 References: Cribb [1954: 21, pl. 3, fig. 9 (as D. divuricutu)]; Jaasund [1970: 76-77, figs 2E, 3E, F, I (as D. divuricutu Lamouroux and D. ceylunicu)]; Coppejans et al. [ 1995: figs 19, 21, as D. divuricuru and D. cf. dichotoma (Hudson) Lamouroux var. intricutu (C. Agardh) Greville]; De Clerck & Coppejans (1997b: 413-414); De Clerck (1999: 93-99, pl. 9A-F, lOA-F). Type locality: Sri Lanka. Vouchers: HEC 6517, 17.8.1986: Madang province; HEC 7967, 26.7.1988: Astrolabe Bay, Cape Iris, Bilian, on silty sand, lagoon, -15 m; Copp & PvR 13534(B), 2.8.1990: Bagabag, NW point of Christmas Bay; Copp & PvR 13685(B), 18.8.1990: Mugil Harbour, under overhang of coral head, -8 m; Copp & PvR 13723(B), 18.8.1990: Bay in front of Malala village, sand-covered coral, -1 m. Distribution in SW-Puci$c: Guam [Tsuda, 1972: 96 (= D. divuricutu)], Papua New Guinea [Coppejans et uZ., 1995: 182 (as D. cf divuricutu)], Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 75) Taiwan (Lewis & Norris, 1987: 12, var. unusromosuns Yamada), Vietnam [Nguyi?n et al., 1993: 143 (= D. divuricutu)]. Note: The concept of D. ceylunicu used here is that of De Clerck & Coppejans (1997b: 413414) and De Clerck (1999: 93-99), and encompasses the Indo-Pacific specimens of the D. dichotomu complex with narrow branches. In the past, these specimens were often referred to as D. divuricutu Lamouroux, which is now regarded as a growth form of the Mediterranean and North West European D. dichotoma (Hudson) Lamouroux (Hiirnig & Schnetter, 1988: 277-291).

Dictyota crispatu Lamouroux 1809: 44 References: Weber-van Bosse [1913: 183-184, pl. 3, fig. 6 (as D. upiculutu J. Agardh var. jedunensis Weber-van Bosse)]; Jaasund [1970: 72-75, figs lD, 2C, 3C (as D. burtuyresii Lamouroux)]; Trono Jr. [1997: 110, fig. 76 (as D. mertensii (Martius) K&zing)]; Coppejans et al. [1995: 180, fig. 8 (as D. burtuyresiunu)]; De Clerck & Coppejans (1997b: 414415: figs 7,8, 10); De Clerck (1999: 117-126, pl. 14A-G, 15A-G, 16A-G). Type locality: [Antilles] Caribbean Sea. Vouchers: HJXC 6495B, 17.8.1986: Madang province; HEC 8000, 28.7.1988: Madang, Kranket Island enclosed bay, on coral fragments on silty sand, -1 m.


Distribution in SW-Pacific: N Australia [Lewis J.A., 1985: 11 (most probably as D. bartuyresii Lamouroux)], Fiji [South & Kasahara, 1992: 54 (most probably as D. burtuyresiunu)], Guam [Tsuda, 1972: 95 (as D. burtuyresii)], Indonesia [Weber-van Bosse, 1913: 182 (as D. upiculutu J. Agardh and D. upicukztu var. jedunensis Weber-van Bosse)], Malaysia [Phang, 1986: 38 (most probably as D. burtuyresii], Micronesia [Tsuda & Wray, 1977: 101 (most probably as D. burtuyresit)], New Caledonia [Garrigue & Tsuda, 1988: 61 (most probably as D. burtuyresii)], Papua New Guinea [Coppejans et al., 1995: 180 (as D. burtuyresiunu)], Philippines [Silva et al., 1987: 77 (most probably as D. putens J. Agardh)], Singapore [Teo & Wee, 1983: 66 (as D. burtuyresii)], Taiwan [Lewis & Norris, 1987: 11 (most probably as D. burtuyresiunu)], Thailand [Lewmanomont & Ogawa, 1995: 69 (as D. burtuyresiunu)]. Note: Examination of reference specimens from checklists of other regions proves that this taxon has been often inaccurately named D. burtuyresiunu (or = D. burtuyresii) (see De Clerck & Coppejans, 1997b: 414-415).

Dictyotafriabilis Setchell 1926: 91-92, pl. 13, figs 4-7, pl. 20, fig. 1 References: Dawson (1954: 401, figs 16A,B); Womersley & Bailey (1970: 290, 291); Magruder & Hunt (1979: 43, pl. sin numero); Coppejans et al. [1995: fig. 16 (as D. sp. 4)]; Trono Jr. (1997: 109, fig. 75); De Clerck & Coppejans (1997b: 417); De Clerck (1999: 155-161, pl. 22A-F, 23A-E). Type locality: Tafaa Point, Tahiti. Vouchers: HEC 8102, 16.6.1988: Hansa Bay, Laing Island, -0.5/l m; Copp & PvR 13109(B), 13.7.1990: Madang, Tripod reef, -12m; Copp & PvR 13531, 2.8.1990: Bagabag, NW point of Christmas Bay, reef flat, -1 m; Copp & PvR 13765(B), 20.8.1990: Hansa Bay, Boisa Island, -25/40 m; Copp & PvR 13839(B), 26.8.1990, -30 m: Magic Pass, between Siar and Kranket Island. Other collection sites in N-PNG: Madang: Kranket Island, Wongat Island, patch reef SW of Wongat Island, patch reef between Sinub Island and Wongat Island, patch reef between Tausch Island and Sek Island, Tab Island, Otillion Pass (channel to Sek Harbour); bay in front of Malala village. Distribution in SW-Puci$c: Caroline Islands (Trono Jr., 1969: 29), Fiji (South & Kasahara, 1992: 54), Guam (Tsuda, 1972: 96), Indonesia [Weber-van Bosse, 1913: 136 (= D. ceylunicu var. rotundutu Weber-van Bosse)], Malaysia (Phang, 1994: 128) Micronesia (Tsuda & Wray, 1977: lOl), Papua New Guinea (this paper), Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 76), Solomon Islands (Womersley & Bailey, 1970: 290), Vietnam (Dawson, 1954: 401). Note: The specimens illustrated in Coppejans et al. (1995: fig. 16) as Dictyotu sp. 4 belong to D. friubilis.

Diclyota hamifera Setchell 1926: 92, pl. 14, figs l-6 References: Womersley & Bailey (1970: 291); Coppejans et al. (1995: 182, figs 11, 12); De Clerck (1999: 179-181, pls 27A-F, 28A-E). Type locality: Tahiti, between Papenu and Huau. Vouchers: HEC 4229, 26.5.1980: Hansa Bay, Laing Island, outer reef slope, epiphytic on Hulimedu and Cuulerpu, vertical wall, -1 m; HEC 7920,25.7.1988: Gumbi Bay (close to Saidor), -3 m; HEC 8085, 15.6.1988: Murukinam, epiphytic on diverse larger algae, -20 cm; Copp & PvR 13533(B), 2.8.1990: Bagabag, NW point of Christmas Bay, on coral rubble, -1 m. Distribution in SW-Puci$c: Micronesia (Tsuda, 1981: 214), Papua New Guinea (Coppe- jans et al., 1995: 182), Solomon Islands (Womersley & Bailey, 1970: 291), Taiwan (Lewis & Norris, 1987: 12).


Dictyota magneana De Clerck et Coppejans sp. nov.

Descriptio: Planta ad 30 cm longa, prostrata, valde crispata et friabilis; caespites rhizoideorum margine basin ad apicem ad substratum adhaerentes, sine baside conspicua; rami$catio regulariter anisotoma dichotoma, angulis (40-)55-70(-90)‘, in unica aut pluribus planes superpositis; segmenta superposita adhaerentia caespitibus rhizoideorum; segmenta la&dine constanti, inter&m basin versus paulo angustata: (X0-)13.5-15.7(-20.4) longa, (2.&)2.3-2.7(-4) lata, ratione: (3.2-)5.8-6.4(-8.2); apicibus rotundatis, projectentibus; marginibus laevibus; paginis prolijicationibus dentatis instructis, ad partes marginales limitatis, perpendicularibus; color aurantiaco-fuscus, iridescens; cortex monostromaticus, cell&s (30-)45-49(-72) pm longis, (19-)22-26(-35) pm latis, ratione: (l&)1.9-2.0(-2.4), et 23-25 pm altis; medulla ubique monostromatica, cellulis (148-)246265(-392) pm longis, (90-)115-122(-152) pm latis, ratione: (l&)2.2-2.4(-3.2), et 60-120 pm altis; tetraspo- rangia in tota pagina superiore dispersa, solitaria aut aliquot aggregata, cum cellulis involucralibus conspicuis, 100-125 pm diametra; anthen’dia in tota pagina superiore, in parvis soris rotundatis ad ovalibus dispositis, 150-180 pm diametra, sori 1-2 seriebus paraphysium multicellularurn circumcincti, antheridia 80 pm alta, 40-45 pm lata; oogonia non vidi.

Thalli forming extensive prostrate mats, up to 30 cm in diameter on horizontal substrata, extremely friable, attached by means of patches of marginal rhizoids present from the basal to the apical parts, lacking a single conspicuous base; branching regularly anisotomous dichotomous, in a single or in parallel planes (Pl. 1A); overlapping thallus straps attached to one another by means of patches of rhizoids (Pl. 1E); branching angle (40-)55-70(-90)“; interdichotomies of constant width, sometimes slightly tapering towards the base; (8.&)13.5-15.7(-20.4) mm long, (2.0-)2.3-2.7(A) mm wide, ratio: (3.2-)5.8-6.4(-8.2); apices broadly rounded, often with exerted apical cells (Pl. 1C); margins smooth; surface with dentate proliferations, restricted to the submarginal part of the thallus, directed perpendicularly on the surface; colour orangy-brown with marked greenish-blue iridescence, which generally is homogeneous, but sometimes forms a transverse banding pattern; cortex unilayered, cells (30-)4549(-72) pm long, (19-)22-26(-35) pm wide, ratio: (1.6)1.9-2.0(-2.4), and 23-25 pm high; medulla unilayered throughout the whole thallus, except for an occasional duplication near the base of a surface proliferation, cells (148-)246-265(-392) pm long, (90-)115-122(-152) pm wide, ratio: (l&)2.2-2.4(-3.2), and 60-120 pm high; tetra- sporangia scattered over the upper thallus surface, solitary or in small groups, also present in the apical dichotomies, 100-125 pm in diameter, surrounded by a conspicuous involucrum (Pl. lF, G); antheridia (Pl. lK, B) exclusively on the upper surface, grouped in discrete, small, round to oval sot-i, 150-180 pm in diameter, surrounded by l-2 rows of multicellular paraphyses (Pl. lJ, L), antheridia 80 pm high and 40-45 pm wide; oogonia not observed.

Holotype: legit E. Coppejans & 0. De Clerck (HEC 10212), 22.vi.1994, Lion Island, Port Moresby area, Papua New Guinea, -8 m, on coral fragments on sand slope, outer reef slope S of the island. Deposited in GENT (Fig. A). Isotypes: Deposited in L, PC, BM. Etymology: Named after the French phycologist and personal friend Francis Magne, at the occasion of his 75th birthday. Distribution and habitat: Only observed along the North and South coasts of Papua New Guinea, mostly along reef slopes, epilithic between -5 and -25 m, but most abundant between -10 and -15 m. Reference: Coppejans et al. (1995, fig. 14, as Dictyota sp. 2).



Other specimens examined: from the north coast of PNG: HEC 6577,22.8.1986 8z HEC 7791, 157.1988: Hansa Bay, Laing Island, inner slope of fringing reef, -8 m; HEC 7592, 25.6.1988: Madang, Nagada Harbour, -12 m; HEC 8011, 1.8.1988: Ulingan Bay, West side, -5 m; Copp & PvR 13406(B), 26.7.1990: Madang, landward slope of patch reef between Tausch Island and Sek Island, -15 m.

From the south coast of PNG: HFX 10149: Motupore Island, on Acropora and coral rubble, reef slope, -7 m; HEC 10212, 22.7.1994: Lion Island, -8 m; HEC 10296 8z ODC 243, 28.7.1994: South Patch Reef slope, -lo/20 m, abundant; HEC 10368, 31.7.1994: Loloata Island, reef slope, -5/lOm; ODC 215, 21.7.1994: Motupore Island, seaward reef slope, -5 m; ODC 223,23.7.1994: seaward slope of barrier reef in front of Port Moresby, -lo/25 m; ODC 226, 25.7.1994 & ODC 236, 27.7.1994 & ODC 248, 28.7.1994 & ODC 262, 31.7.1994 8z ODC 276, 4.8.1994 & ODC 288, 5.8.1994: Loloata Island, seaward slope of the reef, -5/15 m.

Discussion

Dictyota magneana is closely related to D. crispata (Tab. 1). Both species are characterised by the presence of surface proliferations, involucrate sporangia, and pluricellular paraphyses surrounding the antheridia. Dictyota magneana, however, differs from D. crispata by its exclusively prostrate habit, resulting in a prostrate mat with several layers of straps laying on top of each other. Dictyota crispata is character&d by an erect growth form, with a small basal part which is attached to the substrate in several points. In D. magneana the surface proliferations are restricted to the marginal parts of the thallus straps, whereas in D. crispata they are present all over the thallus surface. The new species exhibits a vivid bluish iridescence in situ, a character which has never been observed in D. crispata. Jaasund (1970, as D. friabilis) mentioned a bluish iridescence but this report was shown to be erroneous (De Clerck & Coppejans, 1999). It is very likely that Jaasund confused true D. jkiabilis specimens, which indeed exhibit a bluish iridescence, with young specimens of D. crispata. Although iridescence is often regarded as a rather variable character, in many instances it does offer a good distinction between

4 Plate I. Dictyota magneana De Clerck & Coppejans A. Holotype (HEC 10212) (bar = 2 cm). B. Detail of an apical part with antheridial sori (ODC 223) (bar = 1 mm). C. Detail of the exserted apical cells (ODC 236) (bar = 200 pm). D. Submarginal proliferations perpendicular on the thallus surface (some proliferations seem to be lateral because of the pressure of the cover slip) (ODC 236) (bar = 1 nun). E. Detail of a marginal bundle of rhizoids (ODC 236) (bar = 500 pm). F. Surface view of a young sporangium surrounded by an involucrum (ODC 215) (bar = 50 pm). G. Surface view of an empty sporaugium, with a ring of involucral cells (ODC 215) (bar = 50 pm). H. Placement of sporangia: isolated or in small groups (ODC 215) (bar = 200 pm). I. Transverse section through a thallus strap, with a young sporangium flanked by involucral cells and with a young submarginal proliferation (ODC 215) (bar = 100 pm). J. Surface view of an antheridial sorus (ODC 223) (bar = 50 pm). K. Apical section of a male thallus with antheridial sori (ODC 223) (bar = 2 mm). L. Surface view of empty antheridial sori with a ring of paraphyses (ODC 223) (bar = 200 pm).


certain species. De Clerck & Coppejans (1999) emphasised the means of attachment as a valuable character in the taxonomy of the genus Dictyotu. A distinction was made between three different means of attachment: completely erect thalli with a single point of attachment, erect thalli that are attached in several points near the base, and completely prostrate thalli. These differences in attachment were thought to be important as no transitional states exist within a single species. DicQotu magneana clearly belongs to the group of completely prostrate thalh. Dictyofu crisputu on the other hand is always characterised by a somewhat prostrate base combined with erect straps. Further differences separating the two species include cell dimensions, width and length of the interdichotomies, and the branching angle. Substantial intraspecific variation and possible correlations between cell and interdichotomy sizes, however, diminish their value as discriminative characters.

Dictyotu cervicomis is probably also closely related to D. magneuna (Tab. l), as both species present surface proliferations and have involucrate sporangia. The former is, however, easily separated by its habit, the shape of the interdichotomies and the distinctive branching pattern. The thallus of D. cervicomis is typically composed of an elaborate prostrate part with coarse straps and long, slender erect straps. Interdichotomies of the erect part often have characteristic sinusoidally curved margins. Furthermore, certain growth forms of D. cervicomis possess recurved branchlets (De Clerck & Coppejans, 1997). Neither sinusoidally curved margins, nor recurved branchlets, have been observed for D. magneunu. Moreover, D. magneunu is extremely crisp-friable, whereas D. cervicomis is supple. Distribution in SW Puc~jic: Papua New Guinea [Coppejans et al., 1995b: 185 (as D. sp. 31.

Dictyota stolonifera Dawson 1962: 392, pl. 5, fig. A References: Schnetter & Bula-Meyer [1982: 62-63, pl. 9, figs H-O (= Dilophus stoloniferus (Dawson) S&netter & Bula-Meyer)]; Coppejans et al. [1995: fig. 13 (as D. sp. l)]; De Clerck (1999: 245-248, pl. 45A-E, 46A-E). Type locality: Nicaragua, Masachapa. Vouchers: HEC 4264, 2.8.1990: Hansa Bay, Durangit reef, -30 m; HEC 4679, 16.8.1980: Hansa Bay, Manam, Borda Reef vertical drop-off, -40 m; HEC 4692, 17.8.1980: Hansa Bay, The Pinacle, -35 m; HEC 8012, 1.8.1988: Ulingan Bay, -2/5 m; Copp & PvR 13535, 2.8.1990: Bagabag, NW point of Christmas Bay, -1 m. Other collection sites in N-PNG: Hansa Bay: Laing Island, Bisalpap reef, Hansa Point; Manam: Baliau. Distribution in SW Puczjic: Papua New Guinea (this paper). Note: The specimens illustrated in Coppejans et al. (1995: fig. 13) as Dictyotu sp. 1 belong to D. stolonifera.

Lobophora J. Agardh Lobophora variegata (Lamouroux) Womersley ex Oliveira 1977: 217 References: Papenfuss [1943: 463-468, figs 1-15, as Pocockiellu vuriegutu (Lamouroux) Papenfuss]; Jaasund (1976: 43, fig. 88, as P. vuriegutu); Tser ; (1984: 196, pl. 99, fig. 2); Womersley (1987: 127, figs 91F-G 92A); Lewmanomont & Ogawa (1995: 74); Calumpong & Mefiez (1996: 128, + 2 figs). Type locality: Antilles, Caribbean Sea. Vouchers: HEC 7558, 23.6.1988: enclosed bay of Kranket Island, on vertical Acroporu branches, -10 m; HEC 7802, 16.7.1988: Manam, coral rubble, -35 m; HEC 8070, 7.8.1988: Madang, West of Malamal Island, on mangrove rhizophores, close to low water

Tab

. 1.

Com

pari

son

of

Dic

tyot

a m

ugne

ann

with

si

mila

r sp

ecie

s.

Cha

ract

ers

D.

cerv

icor

nis

D.

cris

pata

D

. m

agne

ana

Gro

wth

fo

rm

Size

Tex

ture

Surf

ace

prol

ifer

atio

ns

Mar

gins

Api

ces

Wid

th

tend

enci

es

Bra

nchi

ng

patte

rn

angl

e

Inte

rdic

hoto

mie

s

wid

th

leng

th

ratio

Cor

tical

ce

lls

leng

th

wid

th

rati

o

Med

ulla

ry

cells

leng

th

wid

th

rati

o

Spor

angi

a

aggr

egat

ion

invo

lucr

um

Ant

heri

dia

Oog

onia

Ref

eren

ces

ofte

n w

ith

a co

nspi

cuou

s ba

sal

pros

trat

e pa

rt

and

erec

t st

raps

lO-1

5(-3

0)

cm

cris

p at

the

bas

e,

erec

t pa

rts

supp

le

com

mon

, ra

rely

ab

unda

nt

smoo

th,

ofte

n si

noid

ally

cu

rved

(rou

nded

) tr

unca

te

(acu

te)

cons

tant

or

tap

erin

g to

war

ds

the

apic

es

cerv

icom

, of

ten

with

re

curv

ed

bran

ches

(40-

)70-

lOO

(-12

O)o

ap

ical

ly

(0.7

-)2.

3-3.

1(-1

0.3)

m

m

(4.5

-)13

.9-1

6.0(

-38.

0)

mm

(2.0

-)6&

7.2(

-12.

7)

(19-

)454

6(-9

6)

pm

(lo-

)20-

21(4

3)

pm

(1.4

-)2.

2-2.

4(-3

.0)

(236

)307

-342

(-78

7)

pm

(19-

)104

-115

(-37

0)

pm

(1.5

-)2.

8-3.

2(-4

.4)

solit

ary

pres

ent

unkn

own

unkn

own

Kiit

zing

(1

859)

; O

kam

ura

(191

3,

as D

. di

vari

cata

); Ja

asun

d (1

970)

; D

e C

lerc

k (1

999)

smal

l ba

sal

pros

trat

e pa

rt

and

erec

t st

raps

9-20

(-

30)

cm

cris

p,

som

ewha

t ha

rsh

to t

he t

ouch

com

mon

to

abu

ndan

t, ov

er

the

who

le

surf

ace

or r

estr

icte

d to

the

su

bmar

gina

l

Part

s sm

ooth

, st

raig

ht

(acu

te)

apic

ulat

e (r

ound

ed)

cons

tant

or

wid

enin

g to

war

ds

the

apic

es

anis

omot

omou

s di

chot

omou

s

(25-

)3(r

50(-

80)’

ap

ical

ly

(I.8

-)4.

9-6.

4(-1

6.0)

m

m

(4.5

-)10

.9-1

3.3(

-45.

0)

mm

(l.O

-)2.

1-2.

7(4.

6)

(21-

)38-

N-7

7)

pm

(14.

)22-

24(-

37)

pm

(1.3

-)1.

7-1.

8(-2

.4)

(146

)284

--31

4+X

2)

pm

(6%

)133

-144

(-24

3)

pm

(l&

)2.1

-2.3

(-4.

0)

solit

ary

or g

roup

ed

in s

mal

l so

ri

solit

ary,

oc

casi

onal

ly

grou

ped

in s

mal

l so

ri

pres

ent

pres

ent

smal

l, su

rrou

nded

by

m

ultic

ellu

lar

para

phys

es

of r

egul

ar

size

Jaas

und

(197

0,

as D

. ba

rtay

resi

ana)

; D

e C

lerc

k &

Cop

peja

ns

(199

7);

De

Cle

rck

( 199

9)

smal

l, su

rrou

nded

by

m

ultic

ellu

lar

para

phys

es

not

obse

rved

com

plet

ely

pros

trat

e,

form

ing

mul

tilay

ered

m

ats

mat

s up

to

30 c

m

in d

iam

eter

cris

p,

britt

le,

not

hars

h to

the

to

uch

rest

rict

ed

to t

he

subm

argi

nal

part

s

smoo

th

stra

ight

roun

ded

who

le

thal

lus

of t

he

sam

e w

idth

anis

omot

omou

s di

chot

omou

s

(4&

)55-

70(-

90)”

(2.&

)2.3

-2.7

(a)

mm

(8.0

-)13

.5-1

5.7(

-20.

4)

mm

(3.2

-)5.

84.4

(-8.

2)

(30-

)45-

49(-

72)

pm

(19~

)22-

26(-

35)

pm

(l&

)1.9

-2.0

(-2.

4)

(148

-)24

6265

(-39

2)

pm

(9&

)115

-122

(-15

2)

pm

(l&

)2.2

-2.4

(-3.

2)


mark; HBC 7917, 25.7.1988: Saidor, Gumbi Bay, -1 m; Copp & PvR 13121(B), 13.7.1990: enclosed bay of Kranket Island; Copp & PvR 13370(B), 21.7.1990: Hatzfeldthafen, on coral fragments on sand, -6 m. Distribution in SW-PuciJc: N Australia (Lewis J.A., 1985: 14), Caroline Islands [Trono Jr., 1969: 25 (= Pocockiella variegata)], Fiji (South & Kasahara, 1992: 54), Guam (Tsuda, 1972: 97), Indonesia [Weber-van Bosse, 1913: 175 (=Zonuriu vuriegatu Mertens)], Micronesia (Tsuda & Wray, 1977: lOl), Papua New Guinea (Coppejans er al., 1995b: 184), Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 77), Solomon Islands (Womersley & Bailey, 1970: 292), Taiwan (Lewis 8z Norris, 1987: 12), Thailand (Lewmanomont & Ogawa, 1995: 74) Vietnam [Dawson, 1954: 400 (= Z? vuriegatu)].

Padina Adanson Padina antillarum (Kiitzing) Piccone, 1886: 36 References: Jaasund [1976: 45, fig. 90 (= Z? tetrustromatica Hauck)]; Allender & Kraft [ 1983: 89: fig. 7F (= I! tetrustmnatica)]; Tseng [1984: 200, pl. 101, fig. 2 (= Z! tetrustromatica)]; Lewmanomont & Ogawa (1995: 78); Trono Jr. [ 1997: 116, fig. 80 (= P. tetrusfromatica)]; Wynne (1998: 271-284, l-7). Type locality: Trinidad, Lesser Antilles, Caribbean Sea. Voucher: Copp & PvR 13803(B), 22.8.1990: lagoon between Sarang Harbour and Walog, on sunken palm tree trunk, just under low water. Distribution in SW-Pucijc: N Australia [Lewis J.A., 1985: 14 (= ?? tetrustromatica)], Indonesia [Weber-van Bosse, 1913: 180 (= Z? fetrustromaticu)], Malaysia [Phang, 1986: 40 (= P tetrustromatica)], New Caledonia (Garrigue & Tsuda, 1988: 62), Papua New Guinea (this paper), Philippines [Silva et al., 1987: 79 (= Z! fetrustromatica)], Singapore [Teo & Wee, 1983: 69 (= Z? tetrusfromatica)], Thailand [Lewmanomont & Ogawa, 1995: 78 (= Z? tetrustromaticu)], Vietnam [Nguyen et al. 1993: 152 (= Z? tetrustromatica)].

Padina australis Hauck, 1887: 44 References: Allender & Kraft (1983: 85, figs 5C, 6B); Tseng (1984: 198, pl. 100, fig. 1); Lawson & John (1987: 128, pl. 15, fig. 9); Coppejans et al. (1995: 184, fig. 22); Lewmanomont & Ogawa (1995: 75); Calumpong & Meilez (1996: 128, + 2 figs); Trono Jr. (1997: 112, fig. 77). Type locality: Cape York, Queensland, Australia. Vouchers: HEC 6473, 17.8.1986: Suaru, from low water mark to-l m; HEC 7489, 20.6.1988: Madang, Nagada Harbour, just under low water; HBC 7951, 25.7.1988: Astrolabe Bay, Suit, just under low water mark; HBC 8035, 1.8.1988: Ulingan Bay, West side, Xl.5 m; Copp & PvR 13717(B), 18.8.1990: bay in front of Malala village, a.5 m. Other collection sites in N-PNG: Bogia Bay, Kola Kola Islet and Reamuna Islet; Madang, Kranket Island,Hatzfeldthafen, Nagada Harbour, lagoon between Sarang Harbour and walog. Distribution in SW-Puczjic: N Australia (Lewis, 1985: 14), Caroline Islands (Trono Jr., 1969: 35), Fiji (South & Kasahara, 1992: 54), Indonesia (Weber-van Bosse, 1913: 179), Micronesia (Tsuda & Wray, 1977: 102), Papua New Guinea (Coppejans er al., 1995: 184) Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 77), Singapore [Teo & Wee, 1983: 69 (as p gymnosporu)], Solomon Islands (Womersley & Bailey, 1970: 292), Taiwan (Lewis & Norris, 1987: 12) Thailand (Lewmanomont & Ogawa, 1995: 75), Vietnam [Nguyen et al. 1993: 154 (= Z? austrulia)]. Note: Padina australis is characterised by broad flabellate fronds which are entirely composed of two cell layers. The sporangia situated on the lower side of the thallus form a typical alternating pattern with hair bands present on both sides of the thallus, similar


to the sporangial arrangement in p boergesenii. An indusium is absent. Gametophytes (Copp & PvR 137 17(B)) are typically monoecious, as opposed to p boergesenii which is dioecious. A Vaughaniella-stage has not been observed.

Pudina boergesenii Allender et I&aft, 1983: 87, figs 6C, H, I, 7C, D

References: De Clerck & Coppejans (1996: 230, figs 48, 50-51).

Type locality: Virgin Islands, Caribbean Sea.

Vouchers: HEC 6500, 17.8.1986: Suaru, on coral debris on sand, -2 m; HEC 7575, 24.6.1988: Gosem Island, on coral rubble, -1 m; HEC 7928, 25.7.1988: Gumbi Bay (close to Saidor), reef pools; HEC 8065b: 7.8.1988: Madang, West of Malamal Island, -0.5 m; Copp & PvR 13175(B), 15.7.1990: West bay of Malamal Island, just under low water mark; Copp & PvR 13594(B), 7.8.1990: Nagada Harbour in front of Gosem Island, just under low water mark.

Distribution in SW-Pacific: N Australia (Lewis J.A., 1985: 14), Indonesia (Verheij & Prud’homme van Reine, 1993: 428), Papua New Guinea (this paper).

Note: Some specimens, agreeing in all aspects with p boergesenii are entirely composed of 2 cell layers, as opposed to 2-3 layers of cells. They are reported under Z? boergesenii because of the presence of a kughaniella-stage. Further research is needed to investigate the value of the number of cell layers and of cell sizes in defining Padina species.

Padina borpzna Thivy in Taylor 1945: 99

References: Allender & Kraft [1983: 83, figs 5D, E6 (as p tenuis (C. Agardh) Boxy de Saint-Vincent)]; Tseng (1984: 198, pl. 100, fig. 2); Lawson & John (1987: 130); Coppejans et al. (1995: 188).

Type locality: Tonga, Polynesia.

Vouchers: HEC 4617, 9.8.1980: between Kanamur and Bagania, high intertidal pools; HEC 6479, 17.8.1986: Suaru, just above low water mark; HEC 6564, 20.8.1986: Bogia Bay, Xl.5 m; HEC 7490, 20.6.1988: Nagada Harbour, on submerged mangrove branch, just under low water; Copp & PvR 13805(B)b, 22.8.1990: lagoon between Sarang Harbour and Walog, drifting; Copp & PvR 13824(B), 22.8.1990: Hole in the Wall, close to Mugil Harbour.

Distribution in SW-Paczjk: N Australia [Lewis J.A., 1985: 15 (= p tenuis)], Fiji [South & Kasahara, 1992: 54 (= P. tenuis)], Guam [Tsuda, 1972: 98 (= I! tenuis)], Indonesia [Weber-van Bosse, 1913: 178 (= Z? commersonii Bory de Saint-Vincent), Malaysia [Phang, 1986: 39 (= Z? commersonii), 40 (= F! tenuis)], Micronesia [Tsuda & Wray, 1977: 101 (= I? tenuis)], New Caledonia [Garrigue & Tsuda, 1988: 62 (= I? tenuis)], Papua New Guinea [Heijs, 1985: 301 (= P. tenuis)], Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 77), Singapore [Teo & Wee, 1983: 69 (= P. tenuis)], Solomon Islands [Womersley & Bailey, 1970: 292 (= Z? tenuis)], Taiwan (Lewis & Norris, 1987: 12), Vietnam [Dawson, 1954: 401 (= P. commersonii)] .

Padina melemele Abbott et Magruder in Abbott 1996: 143, figs l-3

References: Coppejans et al. (1995: 184, fig. 24, as Padina sp.); Wynne (1998: 287).

Type locality: Ilio Point, Moloka’ Island, Hawaiian Archipelago.

Vouchers: HEC 4365, 14.6.1980: Hansa Bay, Laing Island, seaward reef slope, -27/45 m; HEC 4678, 16.8.1980: Hansa Bay, Manam, Borda Reef, 45 m; HEC 7554, 23.6.1988: Madang, enclosed bay of Kranket Island, between Acropora branches, -12 m; Copp & PvR 13622(B), 8.8.1990: Bagabag, SE point of Christmas Bay, -1Om; Copp & PvR 13767(B), 20.8.1990: Hansa Bay, Boisa Island, N and NE coast, -30 m.


Other collection sites in N-PNG: Hansa Bay: reef in front of Bar01 Point, Durangit Reef, Nagada Harbour, West of Malamal Island, Beliau Island, Gosem Island, patch reef between Sinub Island and Wongat Island, patch reef between Tausch Island and Sek Island.

Distribution in the SW Pacific: Papua New Guinea [Coppejans et al., 1995b: 184 (as Padina sp.)] . Notes: Padina melemele is a distinctive species charactcrised by an uncalcified, golden brown, leathery, inferior side (i.e. thallus surface opposite the side toward the margin is curled = towards the sun) and an extremely calcified, white superior side (= towards the substrate). Concentric sporangial sori are restricted to the superior side and are conspicuously indusiate. Hair bands have only been observed on the inferior side, each hair band being situated just below a sporangial band. The thallus is composed of 2 layers throughout. This is the first report of the species outside its type locality. It has recently been found in Fiji (N’Yeurt, in prep.); voucher specimen deposited in SUVA.

Padina minor Yamada, 1925: 251-252, fig. V

References: Lewmanomont & Ogawa (1995: 77); Calumpong & Mefiez (1996: 126, + 2 figs); De Clerck & Coppejans (1996: 230-23 1, figs 49,52); Trono Jr. (1997: 115, fig. 79).

Type locality: Garan-bi (Cape 0-luan), Taiwan.

Vouchers: HEC 7929, 25.7.1988: Gumbi Bay, (close to Saidor), coral rubble on sand, -0.5 m; Copp & PvR 13752(B), 19.8.1990: Hansa Bay, between Awar River and Awar plantation, on sunken tree trunk, -3 m.

Distribution in SW-Pacific: Caroline Islands (Trono Jr., 1969: 36), Fiji (South & Kasahara, 1992: 54), Guam (Tsuda, 1972: 97), Indonesia (Verheij & Prud’homme van Reine, 1993: 429), Micronesia (Tsuda & Wray, 1977: 102), Papua New Guinea (Coppejans et al., 1995: 184), Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 78), Taiwan (Lewis & Norris, 1987: 12); Thailand (Lewmanomont & Ogawa, 1995: 77).

Padina sanctae-crucis Borgesen, 1914: 45-46, figs 27, 28

References: Taylor (1960: 237, pl. 34, fig. 2); Gaillard (1975: 85, figs l-4); Womersley (1987: 219, figs 74A, 75H-J); Coppejans et al. (1995: 184, fig. 23).

Type locality: St. Croix, Virgin Islands, Caribbean Sea.

Vouchers: I-EC 4222, 25.5.1980: Hansa Bay, Laing Island, -l/10 m; HBC 7555, 23.6.1988: Madang, enclosed bay of Kranket Island, on Acropora branches, -9 m; HEC 7751, 7.7.1988: Hansa Bay, Boisa Island, south coast, -3 m; HEC 7977, 26.7.1988: Astrolabe Bay, Cape Iris, Bilian, -5 m; Copp & PvR 13805(B), 22.8.1990: lagoon between Sarang Harbour and Walog, -2 m.

Other collection sites in N-PNG: Hansa Bay: Bisalpap Reef, Hansa Point, between Awar River and Awar plantation; Madang: barrier reef close to Wongat Island, Nagada Harbour, Kranket Island (SW bay and enclosed bay), Gosem Island, patch reef between Tausch Island and Sek Island, Ulimet Island.

Distribution in SW-Pacz&: Indonesia (Verheij & Prud’homme van Reine, 1993: 429), Papua New Guinea (Coppejans et al., 1995b: 184).

Spatoglossum Kiitzlng

Spatoglossum sp.

Voucher: Copp & PvR 13786(B), 22.8.1990: lagoon between Sarang Harbour and Walog, drifting.


Note: Same entity as illustrated in Coppejans et al. (1995: 188, figs 25, 26). Our specimens have not been identified to species level because numerous characters, generally used for species delimitation, seem to be variable. The genus is in need of critical study.

Order Scytosiphonales

Family Chnoosporaceae

Chnoospora J. Agardh Chnoospora minima (Hering) Papenfuss 1956: 69-70 References: Taylor (1960: 263, pl. 36, figs 3-4); Womersley & Bailey (1970: 293); Tseng (1984: 184, pl. 93, fig. 2); NguyZn et al. (1993: 131, fig. 88); Lewmanomont & Ogawa (1995: 66). Type locality: Port Natal, South Africa. Vouchers: HEC 7711, 7.7.1988: Hansa Bay, Boisa Island, N coast, up to 1 m above high tide level, extremely wave-exposed; Copp & PvR 13776(B), 20.8.1990: Boisa Island (N & NE coast); ecology as previous nr. Distribution in SW-Pacific: N Australia (Lewis J.A., 1985: 8), Fiji (N’Yeurt et al., 1996: 69), Guam (Tsuda, 1972: lOl), Malaysia (Phang, 1986: 37), Micronesia (Tsuda & Wray, 1977: lOl), Papua New Guinea (this paper), Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 79), Solomon Islands (Womersley & Bailey, 1970: 293), Taiwan (Lewis & Norris, 1987: 13), Thailand (Lewmanomont & Ogawa, 1995: 66), Vietnam (Nguyen et al., 1993: 131).

Family Scytosiphonaceae

Co$omeniu (Endlicher) Derbb et Solier Colpomenia sinuosa (Mertens ex Roth) Derbes et Solier in Castagne 185 1: 95 References: Clayton (1975: 187, figs 5-7, 12, 13); Parsons (1982: 291, figs 2, 3, 11, 12); Tseng (1984: 184, pl. 93, fig. 4); Womersley (1987: 297, figs 107A, 108E,F); Nguyen et al. (1993: 126, fig. 84), Lewmanomont & Ogawa (1995: 67); Calumpong & Mefiez (1996: 131, + fig.); Trono Jr. (1997: 119, fig. 81). Type locality: near Cadiz, Spain, Vouchers: HEC 7902, 21.7.1988: Hatzfeldthafen, loose-lying; Copp & PvR 13469(B), 1.8.1990: Madang, inner slope of the barrier reef, N of Wongat Island, on coral rubble, lower part of reef slope, -20 m; Copp & PvR 137 16(B), 18.8.1990: bay in front of Malala village, epilithic and epiphytic (on Hulimedu), between low water mark and-O.5 m. Distribution in SW-Puczjic: N Australia (Lewis J.A., 1985: 6), Fiji (South & Kasahara, 1992: 54), Guam (Tsuda, 1972: 99). Indonesia (Weber-van Bosse, 1913: 136), Malaysia (Phang, 1986: 40), Micronesia (Tsuda & Wray, 1977: lOl), New Caledonia (Garrigue & Tsuda, 1988: 61), Papua New Guinea (Coppejans et al., 1995: 177); Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: SO), Solomon Islands (Womersley & Bailey, 1970: 293), Taiwan (Lewis & Norris, 1987: 13) Thailand (Lewmanomont & Ogawa, 1995: 67), Vietnam (Dawson, 1954: 402).

Hydroclathms Boxy de Saint-Vincent Hydroclathrus cluthratus (C. Agardh) Howe 1920: 590 References: Taylor (1960: 261, pl. 36, fig. 5); Tseng (1984: 186, pl. 94, fig. 2); Womersley (1987: 300, figs 109A, llOA, B); Nguyen et al. (1993: 128, fig. 85), Coppejans et al. (1995: 178, fig. 1); Lewmanomont & Ogawa (1995: 73); Calumpong & Mefiez (1996: 132, + fig.); Trono Jr. (1997: 121, fig. 81).


Type locality: uncertain.

Voucher: I-IX 7949, 257.1988: Astrolabe Bay, Suit, on pebbles just under low water mark.

Distribution in SW-Pa@: N Australia (Lewis J.A., 1985: 7), Caroline Islands (Trono Jr., 1969: 31), Fiji (South & Kasahara, 1992: 54), Guam (Tsuda, 1972: lOO), Indonesia (Weber-van Bosse, 1913: 136), Malaysia (Phang, 1986: 40), New Caledonia (Garrigue dz Tsuda, 1988: 62), Papua New Guinea (Coppejans et al., 1995: 178); Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 80), Taiwan (Lewis & Norris, 1987: 13), Thailand (Lewmanomont & Ogawa, 1995: 73), Vietnam (Dawson, 1954: 403).

Rosenvingea Bmgesen

Rosenvingea intricata (J. Agardh) Borgesen 1914: 26

References: Borgesen (1930: 167-168, fig. 9); Taylor (1960: 262, pl. 36, fig. 2); Tseng (1984: pl. 95, fig. 2); Nguyen et al. (1993: 129, fig. 86); Coppejans et al. (1995: 178); Lewmanomont & Ogawa (1995: 79); Trono Jr. (1997: 123, fig. 84).

Type locality: Veracruz, Mexico.

Vouchers: I-IEC 4550, 22.7.1980: Hansa Bay, Laing Island, on slightly sloping silty sand, -20/28 m; HBC 4641, 13.8.1980: Hansa Bay, Durangit Reef, on coral sand, -37 m; Copp & PvR 13447(B), 27.7.1990: Madang, inner slope of barrier reef, N of Wongat Island, on coral rubble, -15 m; Copp & PvR 13785(B), 22.8.1990: Madang, lagoon between Sarang Harbour and Walog, silty sand of lagoon bottom, -10 m.

Distribution in SW-Pacijk: N Australia (Lewis J.A., 1985: 7), Guam (Tsuda, 1972: lOO), Indonesia (Coppejans 8z Prud’homme van Reine, 199 1: 180), Micronesia (Tsuda & Wray, 1977: lOl), Papua New Guinea (Coppejans et al., 1995: 178); Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 80), Taiwan (Lewis 8z Norris, 1987: 13); Thailand (Lewmanomont & Ogawa, 1995: 79); Vietnam (Nguyen et al., 1993: 129).

Note: Several species of Rosenvingea have been reported for the Indian and Pacific Ocean. R. intricata differs clearly from R. JIoridana (Taylor) Taylor, R. sanctae-crucis Borgesen and R. orientalis (J. Agardh) Borgesen by its compact and densely branched habit. The differences between R. intricata and other species, such as R. fastigiata (Zanardini) Borgesen and R. nhatrangensis Dawson, remain unclear.

Rosenvingea orient&s (J. Agardh) Borgesen 1914: 182

References: Dawson (1954: 404, fig. 19a); Tseng (1984: 188, pl. 95, fig. 3); Lewmano- mont & Ogawa (1995: 81).

Type locality: Manila, Philippines.

Vouchers: HEC 4630, 11.8.1980: Hansa Bay, between both wrecks, epiphytic on Halodule rhizomes, -7 m; Copp & PvR 13742 (B), 19.8.1990: Hansa Bay, between Awar River and Awar plantation, on sunken tree trunks and seagrass rhizomes, -2/5 m.

Distribution in SW-Pacijic: N Australia (Lewis J.A., 1985: 7) Fiji (N’Yeurt et al., 1996: 69), Indonesia (Coppejans & Prud’homme van Reine, 1991: 180), Micronesia (Tsuda & Wray, 1977: 102), Malaysia (Phang, 1994: 128), Papua New Guinea (this paper), Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 80), Thailand (Lewmanomont & Ogawa, 1995: 81); Vietnam (Dawson, 1954: 404).

Note: The specimens are assigned to R. orientalis on the basis of their erect, slender habit, and relatively dense branching. According to Taylor (1960) R. sanctae-crucis is sparsely branched. The differences between R. orientalis and R. jloridana, however, remain vaguely defined.

Phaeophyta of northern Papua New Guinea

Order Fucales

33

Family Cystoseiraceae

Hormophysa KiitzIng Hormophysa cuneifonnis (J. Gmelin) Silva in Silva ef al. 1987: 81, 131 References: Jaasund [1976: 53 (= H. triquefra (Linnaeus) Kiitzing)]; Womersley & Bailey [1970: 294 (= H. triquetra)]; Womersley [1987: 356, figs 128A, 131C-D (= H. friquetra)]; Coppejans et al. (1995: 190, fig. 30); Lewmanomont 8z Ogawa (1995: 72); Calumpong 8z Meiiez (1996: 134, + fig.); Trono Jr. (1997: 125, fig. 85). Type locality: Suez, Egypt. Vouchers: HEC 7625, 27.6.1988: Neptune Point, in shallow, high intertidal pools; Copp & PvR 13309(B), 21.7.1990: Ulingan Bay, S-side, mid- to high intertidal reef pools. Distribution in SW-Pacific: N Australia [Lewis J.A., 1985: 26 (H. triquetra)], Fiji (South & Kasahara, 1992 ( ? = Cystoseira prolifera J. Agardh)], Indonesia [Weber-van Bosse, 1913: 148 (= Cystoseira prolifera)], Malaysia [Phang, 1986: 38 (= H. triquetra)], Micronesia (Tsuda, 1981: 214), New Caledonia (Garrigue & Tsuda, 1988: 62 (= H. triquetra)], Papua New Guinea (Coppejans et al., 1995: 190), Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 81), Singapore [Teo & Wee, 1983: 72 (= Cystoseira prolifera and = C. triquefra)], Solomon Islands [Womersley & Bailey, 1970: 294 (= H. friquetra)], Taiwan (Lewis & Norris, 1987: 13); Thailand (Lewmanomont & Ogawa, 1995: 72).

Family Sargassaceae

Sargassum C. Agardh As stated in Coppejans et al. (1995: 190) most Sargassum specimens are very

difficult to identify because of the pronounced variability of morphological characters, depending on their age and the ecological conditions in which they grow. The majority of our Sargassum collections are still unidentified.

Sargassum cristaefolium C. Agardh 1820: 13 References: Jaasund [ 1976: 57 (= S. duplicatum J. Agardh, fig. 113)]; Womersley & Bailey (1970: 296, pl. 25, fig. 7, 15); Tseng [1984: 228 (= S. duplicatum, pl. 115, fig. l)]; Moorjani & Simpson [1988: 20 (= S. duplicarum, pl. 38b)]; Verheij & Prud’homme van Reine (1993: 432, pl 12: 2); Coppejans et al. (1995: 190, fig. 31); Calumpong & Mefiez (1996: 134, + fig.); Trono Jr. (1997: 133, fig. 89A). Type locality: unknown. Vouchers: HEC 6521, 17.8.1986: Suaru, epilithic, -0.5 m; HEC 6543, 20.8.1986: West side of Ulingan Bay, mid intertidal rock pool; HEC 7553,22.6.1988: Madang, Sek Island, surf-exposed side of the reef, -2 m; HEC 7600, 27.6.1988: Mugil Harbour, in surf channels, just under low water mark; Copp & PvR 13302, 21.7.1990: Neptunus Point, midlittoral pools; Copp & PvR 13368, 21.7.1990: Hatzfeldthafen, reef pool at low tide level. Distribution in SW-PaciBc: N Australia (Lewis J.A., 1985: 20), Fiji (South & Kasahara, 1992: 55) Guam (Tsuda, 1972: 102) Indonesia (Weber-van Bosse, 1913: 157) Malaysia (Phang, 1986: 41) Micronesia (Tsuda & Wray, 1977: 102), New Caledonia (Garrigue & Tsuda, 1988: 62, + fig.), Papua New Guinea (Coppejans et al., 1995: 190), Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 83), Singapore [Teo BE Wee, 1983: 76 (= S. duplicatum)], Solomon Islands (Womersley & Bailey, 1970: 296), Taiwan (Lewis 8z Norris, 1987: 13).

Sargassum polycystum C. Agardh 1824: 304 References: Lewmanomont & Ogawa (1995: 84); Calumpong & Mefiez (1996: 136, + fig.); Trono Jr. (1997: 147-149, figs 96A, B).


Type locality: Sunda Strait, Indonesia. Voucher: Copp & PvR 13315, 21.7.1990: Ulingan Bay, S-side, high midlittoral rock pools. Distribution in SW-Pacijc: N Australia (Lewis J.A., 1985: 24), Fiji (South & Kasahara, 1992: 55), Guam (Tsuda, 1972: 103), Indonesia (Weber-van Bosse, 1913: 169), Malaysia (Phang, 1986: 42), Micronesia (Tsuda & Wray, 1977: 102), New Caledonia (Garrigue & Tsuda, 1988: 62, Papua New Guinea (Ohba & Enomoto, 1992: 30), Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 87) Singapore (Teo &Wee, 1983: 76), Solomon Islands (Womersley & Bailey, 1970: 300), Taiwan (Lewis & Norris, 1987: 14), Thailand (Lewmanomont & Ogawa, 1995: 84); Vietnam (Dawson, 1954: 406).

2trrbinaria conoides (J. Agardh) Kiitzing 1860: 24, pl. 66: figs 2e, f References: Taylor (1964: 480-481, pl. 2: figs l-8); Jaasund (1976: 51, fig. 100); Tseng (1984: 240, pl. 121, fig. 3); Coppejans et al. (1995: 192, fig. 36); Lewmanomont & Ogawa (1995: 85); Calumpong & Mefiez (1996: 138, + fig); Trono Jr. (1997: 152, fig. 98). Syntype localities: [ad oras Hindostaniae], China, Sri Lanka, Western Australia. Vouchers: HEC 4370, 15.6.1980: Hansa Bay, Laing Island, drift; HEC 4620, 9.8.1980: between Kanamur and Bagania, mid intertidal rockpool; HEC 65418~ HEC 6542, 20.8.1986: Ulingan Bay, West side, mid intertidal rockpool; Copp & PvR 13319(B), 2 1.7.1990: Ulingan Bay, South side towards the open sea, intertidal pools, partly emerged at low tide. Distribution in SW-Pacific: N Australia (Lewis J.A., 1985: 25), Caroline Islands [Trono Jr., 1969: 38 (var. retrojlexa Taylor)], Fiji (South & Kasahara, 1992: 55), Indonesia (Weber-van Bosse, 1913: 148), Malaysia (Phang, 1986: 42), Micronesia (Tsuda & Wray, 1977: 103), Papua New Guinea (Coppejans et al., 1995: 192), Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 89), Singapore (Teo 8z Wee, 1983: 74), Solomon Islands (Womersley & Bailey, 1970: 294), Taiwan (Lewis & Norris, 1987: 14) Thailand (Lewmanomont & Ogawa, 1995: 85).

Turbinaria decurrens Bory de Saint-Vincent 1828: 119 References: Taylor (1964: 477478, figs 5-8, pl. 1: figs 22-28); Jaasund (1976: 53, fig. 104); Lewmanomont & Ogawa (1995: 86); Trono Jr. (1997: 154, fig 99). Type locality: in the sea between Tahiti and New Guinea. Vouchers: HEC 6519, 17.8.1986 & HEC 7865, 19.7.1988: Suaru, seaward slope, exposed to strong surf, -1 m; Copp & PvR 13083(B), 10.7.1990: Madang, Nagada Harbour, -0.5 m; Copp & PvR 13737(B), 18.8.1990: bay in front of Malala village, on top of coral heads, just under low water mark. Distribution in SW-Paczjic: N Australia (Lewis J.A., 1985: 25), Caroline Islands (Trono Jr., 1969: 38), Micronesia (Tsuda & Wray, 1977: 103) Indonesia (Weber-van Bosse, 1913: 149), Papua New Guinea (Coppejans et al., 1995: 192), Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 89), Solomon Islands (Womersley & Bailey, 1970: 295), Thailand (Lewmanomont & Ogawa, 1995: 86).

Turbinaha omah (Turner) J. Agardh 1848: 266 References: Taylor (1964: 483-485, pl. 3: figs l-6); Jaasund (1976: 53, fig. 105); Tseng (1984: 242, pl. 122, fig. 1); Lewmanomont & Ogawa (1995: 87); Calumpong & Mefiez (1996: 137, + fig.); Trono Jr. (1997: 155, fig. 100). Type locality: not specified. Vouchers: HEC 4353, 12.6.1980: Hansa Bay, Laing Island, lagoon passage, -1 m; HEC 6520, 17.8.1986: Suaru, just under low water mark; Copp & PvR 13172(B), 15.7.1990: West of a small island N of Demasa Island, -0.5 m; Copp & PvR 13307(B), 21.7.1990:


Neptunus point (close to Ulingan Bay), just above extreme low water level, strong surf, Copp & PvR 13366(B), 23.7.1990: Medibur, shallow high intertidal pools; Copp & PvR 13514(B), 2.8.1990: Bagabag, NW point of Christmas Bay, reef flat, -0.5/l m. Distribution in SW-Pacijc: N Australia (Lewis J.A., 1985: 25), Caroline Islands (Trono Jr., 1969: 37), Fiji (South & Kasahara, 1992: 55), Guam (Tsuda, 1972: 103), Indonesia (Weber-van Bosse, 1913: 149), Malaysia (Phang, 1986: 43), Micronesia (Tsuda 8z Wray, 1977: 103), Papua New Guinea (Coppejans et al., 1995: 192), Philippines (Silva et al., 1987: 89), Singapore [Teo 8z Wee, 1983: 74 (var. serrata Jaasund), Solomon Islands (Womersley & Bailey, 1970: 295) Taiwan (Lewis & Norris, 1987: 14), Thailand (Lewmanomont & Ogawa, 1995: 87) Vietnam (Dawson, 1954: 405).

DISCUSSION

When compared to published species-lists of seaweeds from other regions in the SW-Pacific [Northern Australia (Lewis J., 1985) the Caroline Islands (Trono, 1969) Fiji (South & Kasahara, 1992; N’Yeurt et al., 1996), Guam (Tsuda, 1972), Indonesia (Weber-van Bosse, 1913; Coppejans & Prud’homme van Reine, 1991; Verheij & Prud’homme van Reine, 1993), Malaysia (Phang, 1986, 1994), Micronesia (Tsuda & Wray, 1977; Tsuda, 1981), New Caledonia (Garrigue &Tsuda, 1988), Singapore (Teo &Wee, 1983), the Philippines (Silva et al., 1987; Calumpong & Mefiez, 1996; Trono Jr., 1997), the Solomon Islands (Womersley & Bailey, 1970), Thailand (Lewmanomont & Ogawa, 1995), Vietnam (Dawson, 1954; Nguyen et al., 1993), the number of phaeophycean taxa collected along the north coast of Papua New Guinea [36 spp. (+ Sargassum spp.)] is similar to regions with a similar coast length. The species composition along this coast is similar to that of the south coast (Port Moresby area, Coppejans et al., 1995b), but some differences are remarkable. The Fucales are less represented: Cystoseira trinodis (Forsskal) C. Agardh is absent from our north coast collections, C. myrica (S.G. Gmelin) C. Agardh being absent from both coasts. Hormophysa cuneiformis has only been found in small quantities at two neighbouring sites, whereas it is well-developed and rather frequent along the south coast. Representatives of Sargassum also are limited to a few sheltered bays or locally along an exposed shore. S. heteromorphum J. Agardh, relatively abundant along the south coast, is absent in this list. Dictyotales are well represented along the both coasts, although no material of Stypopodium, represented by S. flabelli- forme Weber-van Bosse and S. zonale (Lamouroux) Papenfuss around Port Moresby, was collected from the north coast. Dictyotu ciliolatu Ktitzing, frequent along the south coast, is not present in our collections from the north coast. Padina gymnospora and Chnoospora implexa, mentioned in most SW-Pacific check-lists are absent in our collections. The absence of a suitable habitat for these species (shallow, sheltered lagoons with coral rubble on sandy bottom) along the prospected north coast could provide an explanation for these missing species.

Acknowledgements. The first author expresses his gratitude to J.M. Ouin (Laing Island Biological Station) and M. Jebb (Christensen Research Station) for their help with the accommodation and the organisation of the fieldwork. Acknowledgements are also extended to W.F. Pmd’homme van Reine for his collaboration during the 1990 field trip. Prof. Dr I? Goetghebeur is acknowledged for his help with the latin description and F. Leliaert for mounting the plates. We wish to thank C. De Maire for mounting and labelling the herbarium specimens and R. Heynderickx for the help with the photographic illustrations. This research was carried out in the framework of the IWO research-projects (Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders (Belgium) nr. 2.9006.86, 2.9001.90,2.9008.90 and 3.GOO24.96). The first author thanks the CRI for a fellowship for the field work in 1990.


TAXONOMIC INDEX NAMES IN ITALICS ARE MENTIONED AS SYNONYMS IN THIS LIST

adnata (Dictyota): 19 anastomosans (var.) (Dictyota): 21

intricata (Rosenvingea): 32

antillarum (Padma): 28 intricuta (var.) @ictyota): 21

upiculfztu (Dictyota): 21 irregular-is (Feldmamtia): 17

australis (Padina): 28 jedanensis (var.) (Dictyota): 22 Lobophora: 26

bartayresiana (Dictyota): 20,21, 22 magneana (Dictyota): 23 bartuyresii (Dictyota): 20 melemele (Padina): 29 boergesenii (Padina): 29 boryana (Padina): 29

mertensii (Dictyota): 21

canaliculata (Dictyota): 20 minima (Chnoospora): 3 1 minor (Padina): 30

cervicomis (Dictyota): 20 mitchellue (Hincksia): 18 ceylanica (Dictyota): 21 mitchelliae (Hincksia): 18 Chnoospora: 3 1 clathratus (Hydroclatbrus): 3 1

orientalis (Rosenvingea): 32 omata (Turbinaria): 34

Colpomenia: 3 1 Padina: 28 commersonii (Padina): 29 conoides (Turbinaria): 34

purdalis (Dictyota): 20 Pockockiellu: 26

coniferu (Feldmannia): 17 crispata (Dictyota): 25

polycystum (Sargassum): 33

cristaefolium (Sargassum): 33 pro&era (Hormophysa): 33

cuneiformis (Hormophysa): 33 pseudohamatu (f.) (Dictyota): 20 repens (Dictyopteris): 19

Cystoseiru (Hormophysa): 33 decurrens (Turbinaria): 34

rigidula (Sphacelaria): 18

Dictyopteris: 19 Rosenvingea: 32

Dictyota: 19 rotund&u (var.) (Dictyota): 22

divaticutu (Dictyota): 20, 21 sanctae-crucis (Padina): 30 Sargassum: 33

duplicutum (Sargassum): 33 Feldmamria: 17

serrata (var.) (Turbinaria): 35

fastigiata (Rosenvingea): 32 sinuosa (Colpomenia): 3 1

floridana (Rosenvingea): 32 Spatoglossum: 30

friabilis (Dictyota): 22, 25 Sphacelaria: 18

fircigera (Sphacelaria): 18 stolonifera (Dictyota): 26 tenuis (Padina): 29

gymnosporu (Padina): 28 Huliseris: 19

tetrastromaticu (Padina): 28 tribuloides (Sphacelaria): 18

hamifera (Dictyota): 22 Hincksia: 18

triquetru (Hormophysa): 33 Turbinaria: 34

Hormophysa: 33 Hydroclathrus: 3 1

variegata (Lobophora): 26

indica (Feldmannia): 17 Vaughaniella (stage) (Padina): 29 Zonuriu: 28

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Marine brown algae (Phaeophyta) from the north coast of Papua ...

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