Marchin g Toward War Again!
Dec 17, 2015
The Manchurian
Incident
• Japan needs raw materials
• Mysterious explosion in the night (1931)
• Japan takes over Manchuria
World’s Response To Aggression?
• League of Nations say “You’re bad Japan!”
• Japan just quits the League– League does nothing– demonstrates weakness of the League
• Stimson Doctrine – U. S. policy to not recognize any country taken over
by force– “Manchuria? No! We don’t recognize you!”
Italy’s Revenge
• 1935 Invade Ethiopia
• Guns v. Spears
• Haile Selassie - Ethiopian leader asks for help from the League of Nations– They do….NOTHING!
Marco Polo Bridge
• Beijing 1937– Japanese soldier missing– Japanese troops “practicing” in the area
• Begins Sino-Japanese War
• Rape of Nanjing (Dec. 1937)– One of the worst massacres of the 20th century
Timeline
• 1931 Japan invades Manchuria
• 1935 Italy invades Ethiopia
• 1937 Japan enters mainland China
Spanish Civil War (1937)
• Rome - Berlin Axis created
• Support General Franco (fascist)
• Test out new weapons
• Guernica (1937)
Hitler and Franco
Timeline
• 1931 Japan invades Manchuria
• 1935 Italy invades Ethiopia
• 1937 Japan enters mainland China
• 1937 Spanish Civil War
Timeline
• 1931 Japan invades Manchuria
• 1933 Germany rearms
• 1935 Italy invades Ethiopia
• 1937 Japan enters mainland China
• 1937 Spanish Civil War
Timeline
• 1931 Japan invades Manchuria
• 1933 Germany rearms
• 1935 Italy invades Ethiopia
• 1936 Germany takes the Rhineland
• 1937 Japan enters mainland China
• 1937 Spanish Civil War
Anschluss (Union) with Austria (1938)
• Hitler to Austrian President… “Join or die!”
• Chooses not to die, Austria annexed by Germany
Timeline• 1931 Japan invades Manchuria
• 1933 Germany rearms
• 1935 Italy invades Ethiopia
• 1936 Germany takes the Rhineland
• 1937 Japan enters mainland China
• 1937 Spanish Civil War
• 1938 Germany takes Austria
Munich Crisis (1938)
• Hitler focused on Sudetenland
• “German’s in trouble and need support”
• Britain Prime Minister (Chamberlain) flies to Munich to meet with Hitler
• Appeasement: giving in to the demands of another to avoid war.
• Neville Chamberlain: British Prime Minister who followed the policy of appeasement to avoid war with Germany
Timeline• 1931 Japan invades Manchuria• 1933 Germany rearms• 1935 Italy invades Ethiopia• 1936 Germany takes the Rhineland• 1937 Japan enters mainland China• 1937 Spanish Civil War• 1938 Germany takes Austria• 1938 Germany takes the Sudetenland
Timeline• 1931 Japan invades Manchuria• 1933 Germany rearms• 1935 Italy invades Ethiopia• 1936 Germany takes the Rhineland• 1937 Japan enters mainland China• 1937 Spanish Civil War• 1938 Germany takes Austria• 1938 Germany takes the Sudetenland• 1939 Hitler takes the rest of Czechoslovakia
The Non-Aggression Pact
• Hitler (Germany) and Stalin (USSR)• Agree to not fight if Hitler invades Poland
and war breaks out in Europe• What does each side get?
– Germany doesn’t have to fight a 2 sided war– USSR gets half of Poland for doing nothing
Will the deal last???