Malmö Snapshot FACTS AND FIGURES ON TRADE AND INDUSTRY IN MALMÖ ANNUAL REPORT A summary from the City Office, City of Malmö 2014 Did you know that ... ... 3.8 million people live in the Öresund region? ... 8 new companies started every day in Malmö in 2013? ... there has never been such a large workforce in Malmö as now? Page 6 Page18 Page 20
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Malmö SnapshotFACTS AND FIGURES ON TRADE AND INDUSTRY IN MALMÖ
ANNUAL REPORT
A summary from the City Office, City of Malmö 2014
Did you know that ...
... 3.8 million people live in the Öresund region?
... 8 new companies started every day in Malmö in 2013?
... there has never been such a large workforce in Malmö as now?
Page 6
Page18
Page 20
There has never been such a large workforce in Malmö as now. Almost 160,000 people have jobs in the city.
Of these, around 60,000 commute to work in Malmö and some 30,000 commute from Malmö to work in another municipality. So there are nearly 100,000 people on the move in and around Malmö every morning and evening on their way to or from work. Like a substantionally large Swedish city.Then there are almost 15,000 people who commute over the Öresund Bridge every day. Which means commuting to work is a natural part of life for many people in the region. Good communications and short distances make it easy to cross municipal boundaries. It is becoming clearer all the time that we have a single labour market in the region.
When the Fehmarn belt tunnel, which will be a fixed link between Denmark and Germany, is completed in a few years’ time, it will open the way for a particularly competitive extended region. Travel and transport times will drop significantly and we will see positive effects on growth, jobs, tourism, research and culture.
There is also talk of an Öresund Metro between Malmö and Copenhagen. With a tunnel under the sound, the journey between the cities would take around 15 minutes. This would help to increase everyday integration across the water. A fine scenario for the future.
Naturally, this calls for our growth to be sustainable and inclusive. Every day we strive to make Malmö a great city in which to live and work.
Pehr AnderssonDirector, Trade and Industry Agency, City of Malmö
CITY OF MALMÖ BUSINESS PILOTThe City of Malmö Business Pilot is a service function to guide you through the laws and regulations. The Pilot offers a quick and easy way into the municipality for entrepreneurs.
Both existing and future businesses can contact us on anything from permits and land issues to finding the right people and authorities concerned with business and entrepreneurship in Malmö.
A CITY IN TRANSITIONInterest in Malmö is high and there is a lot of activity in the city. Many actors see Malmö’s potential and want to be involved and invest in Malmö’s future.
Clean sweep at MIPIM in March, one of the world’s largest property fairs. Emporia topped the category for ‘Best Shopping Centre’ and Max IV won ‘Best Futura Project’. Last year’s Best Futura Project was Culture Casbah, which will be a new landmark in Rosengård.
´Malmö Live (conference centre, concert hall and hotel)
´Hylliebadet communal swimming pool
´University expansion (qtr. Niagara)
´STUDIO (on Universitetsholmen)
´Culture Casbah
´IKEA – new offices for global staff functions and training centre
´Development of Skåne University Hospital (SUS)
´Continued expansion of Västra Hamnen
´Continued expansion of Hyllie
´Expansion of Norra Sorgenfri
EXAMPLES OF PLANNED AND ONGOING PROJECTS EMPORIA SHOPPING CENTRE. PHOTO: LEIF JOHANSSON X-RAY
5THE REGION
TWO NEW IMPORTANT RESEARCH FACILITIES UNDER WAYThey will be constructed in Lund, 20 km north of Malmö. In addition to new exciting research opportunities, the facilities will generate further job opportunities and more growth in the region.
MAX IV is a synchrotron radiation laboratory. 2,000 researchers from around the world are expected to use the facility each year. Opening in 2016.
The ESS (European Spallation Source) will be the world’s foremost material research facility using neutrons. A collaboration between 17 European countries. Opening in 2019.
A TUNNEL BETWEEN DENMARK AND GERMANYThe Fehmarn belt tunnel will be constructed between Denmark and Germany and it is estimated that it will be completed in 2021. The tunnel will link Scandinavia with the continent and will reduce travel times considerably. The Öresund Bridge has played an important role in integration and growth in the Öresund region and it is forecasted that the tunnel will have a similar significance for a new competitive, extended economic region.
METRO BETWEEN MALMÖ AND COPENHAGEN? Via a tunnel under the Öresund strait, the metro trip will take around 15 minutes. A metro would relieve the Öresund Bridge, which is expected to receive increased goods traffic when the fixed link between Denmark and Germany is completed. The metro is also expected to help to increase everyday integration across the water.
The second phase of the feasibility study started in January 2014, with Malmö and Copenhagen examining four areas in more detail. If the project gets the go-ahead, the metro could start operating around 2030.
ESS MAX IV
SEVERAL MAJOR INVESTMENTS HAVE BEEN COMPLETED IN MALMÖ IN RECENT YEARS, SUCH AS:
´The City Tunnel, including two new stations and expansion of Malmö Central
´Malmö Arena
´Swedbank Stadium
´Emporia shopping centre
´Malmömässan – new exhibition centre in Hyllie
´Eurovision Song Contest 2013
´Expansion of Norra Hamnen (port)
´Media Evolution City
´Entré shopping centre
´Legal centre
´Redevelopment and exten-sion of several shopping centres – Triangeln, Mobilia and Caroli
´Several new hotels
THE CITY TUNNEL AND MALMÖ CENTRAL. PHOTO: LEIF JOHANSSON X-RAY
MALMÖ LIVE WILL BE INAUGURATED IN 2015. SKETCH: SCHMIDT HAMMER
THE EUROVISION SONG CONTEST WAS HELD IN MALMÖ IN 2013. PHOTO: LEIF JOHANSSON X-RAY
6 THE REGION
THE ÖRESUND REGIONThe Öresund region is the largest and most densely populated metropolitan area in the Nordic countries. The Öresund region covers parts of two countries, Sweden and Denmark, and travel between the two is easy via the Öresund Bridge, which was opened on 1 July 2000. The 16-kilometre link runs between Malmö and Copenhagen.
THE ÖRESUND REGION IS GROWING INTO A MAJOR ECONOMIC REGIONWhen the Fehmarn belt tunnel, a fixed link between Denmark and Germany, is completed in 2021, it will open the way for a competitive extended region. Travel and transport times will reduce significantly and positive effects are expected in terms of integration, growth, the number of jobs, tourism, research and culture.
CLOSE COLLABORATION ACROSS THE STRAITIn Malmö’s new structure plan and Copenhagen’s new ‘municipality plan’, the cities describe their joint role as engines for regional development. Development strategies and areas are described jointly. These two politically adopted plans signal the close collaboration between the two cities, and that they should be seen in a single context by citizens and industry alike.
The Öresund region includes Skåne in Sweden and Zealand, Møn, Lolland-Falster and Bornholm in Denmark
3.8 million inhabitants (1.3 million on the Swedish side and 2.5 million on the Danish side)
25% of the total population of Sweden and Denmark live in the Öresund region
The largest Nordic regional labour market, with 1.8 million people
The region represents 25% of the countries’ total GNP
Around 250,000 companies (2010)
3.8 MILLION
INHABITANTS
SWEDEN
DENMARK
IN 2022, THE POPULATION IS EXPECTED TO PASS 4 MILLION
167,000 students at the region’s colleges and universities (2010)
COPENHAGENMALMÖ
7THE REGION
THE ÖRESUND REGION GOOD INFRASTRUCTURE
Trains from Malmö, to Copenhagen Airport and to the city centre, depart every 10 minutes during rush hours. At other times, trains depart every 20 minutes
The city has two ring roads (the Outer and Inner Ring Road), which make efficient logistics possible
The proximity to a well-developed road and railway network makes it easy to transport goods and people, both within Sweden and to Scandinavia and Europe
The new City Tunnel opened in 2010 and has given Malmö an improved infrastructure and two new stations. Commuting times for several routes were shortened and ease of movement in the region was further increased
Malmö Airport is located 30 km to the east of the city. An airport bus is available, which takes 40 minutes
Malmö is home to one of Sweden’s largest cargo ports. It is a combined cargo and passenger harbour. A comprehensive expansion project has recently been carried out with new areas, terminals and a logistics centre
STOCKHOLM 1 HR OSLO 1 HR 5 MINS BERLIN 1 HR 15 MINS AMSTERDAM 1 HR 25 MINS BRUSSELS 1 HR 50 MINSLUND 10 MINS
GOTHENBURG 3 HRS STOCKHOLM 4 HRS 20 MINS COPENHAGEN 30 MINS HAMBURG 5 HRS 30 MINS
MALMÖ CENTRAL STATION
TRIANGELN STATION
SVÅGERTORP STATION
HYLLIE STATION
OUTER RING ROAD
INNER RING ROAD
ÖRESUND BRIDGE, COPENHAGEN INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
MALMÖ AIRPORT (STURUP)
PORT OF MALMÖ
Copenhagen International Airport (Kastrup) is easily accessible by car or rail. The rail trip takes 21 minutes from Malmö Central Station
8 THE REGION
COMMUTING OVER THE ÖRESUND BRIDGE
´14,500 people commuted daily by train or car across the Öresund Bridge (2013)
´A reduction of 3.8% compared to the previous year and -15% over five years, but an increase of +141% over ten years. The highest level was reached in 2008; since then commuting has reduced somewhat
´60% commuted by train and 40% by car
´93% commuted to work and 7% to study
´The majority commuted from Sweden to Denmark – 96% live in Skåne (Swedes, Danes and other nationalities)
´Many Danes have settled in Malmö because of the difference in house prices between the countries, and a large number of Swedes work in Copenhagen, although this trend has tailed off in recent years
´Around 8,900 people commuted from Malmö to Denmark (2012)
70,000 Around 70,000 people cross the bridge every day. 18,300 vehicles per day crossed the bridge. Traffic increased progressively up to 2009 and is now at a level just below that. (In 2013, a total of 6,685,407 vehicles — cars, trucks, buses, etc. — crossed the bridge.)
Next year, commuting over the Öresund is set to go up again, and it will reach a new record level in 2022, according to a forecast from Region Skåne.
COMMUTING OVER THE ÖRESUND BRIDGE DOMESTIC COMMUTING
Malmö is located in a mobile region where everything is nearby. Distances are short and it is easy to move about
43% OF COMMUTERS INTO AND OUT OF MALMÖ ARE WOMEN
57% OF COMMUTERS INTO AND OUT OF MALMÖ ARE MEN
Large local labour markets contribute to increased flexibility, benefiting both companies and citizens. Companies have better opportunities to find the right expertise and the individual citizen has a wider choice in the labour market
The communications are good in the region. In December 2010, the City Tunnel in Malmö was inaugurated, further improving commuting options
For several years, commuting has increased in both directions and has contributed to a mobile region
29,390 people commuted to other municipalities in Sweden from Malmö (domestic outbound commuting 2012)
62,556 62,556 people commuted to Malmö from other municipalities in Sweden (domestic inbound commuting 2012)
MALMÖ CENTRAL STATION. PHOTO: LEIF JOHANSSON X-RAY
10 POPULATION
A GROWING CITYMalmö's booming trade and industry and thriving university is combined with a good quality of life and rich range of activities. This is attracting many new residents to the city, which is growing every year.
A young city – almost half of the population is under 35 (49%)
THOUSANDSMALMÖ'S POPULATION 1968–2013, AND FORECAST TO 2025
11POPULATION
´In twenty years, the average inhabitant of Malmö has become three years younger. The most typical resident of Malmö today is a 29-year-old woman or a 30-year-old man.
´With 312,994 inhabitants, Malmö is Sweden’s third largest city (31 Dec. 2013)
´The population increased by 5,236 people (+1.7%) in 2013. Both net birth and net migration are positive
´Malmö’s population grew for the 29th year in a row
´In April 2011, Malmö passed 300,000 inhabitants
´A young city – almost half of the population is under 35 (49%)
´71% of households consist of singe parent or single person households (2013)
´31% of the city’s inhabitants were born abroad – the largest groups were born in Iraq, the former Yugoslavian countries and Denmark
´178 countries are represented
PHOTO: LEIF JOHANSSON X-RAY
PHOTO: LEIF JOHANSSON X-RAY
350,000 In 2020, Malmö is expected to pass 350,000 inhabitants
75, 000In 20 years, Malmö’s population has increased by 75,000 (32%). The largest increases have taken place in the 0–5 and 25–39 age groups
12 POPULATION
UNIVERSITIES AND UNIVERSITY COLLEGES
26,000 In Malmö, there are around 26,000 university students.
In Malmö, there is also the opportunity to study at institutions including the Art Academy, the Academy of Music and the Theatre Academy.
´Sweden’s ninth largest seat of learning and the largest university college
´Was established on 1 July 1998
´Had 24,000 students in 2012 (12,578 full-time). When it opened in 1998, the university had 5,000 students
´Offers around 100 education programmes and 500 courses
´Collaborates with 252 partner universities around the world
´Is located in central Malmö
PROJECTED EXPANSION AT MALMÖ UNIVERSITYThe Government allocation of new places on the country’s teacher training courses means a 20% increase in the teaching programme at Malmö University.
31% of Malmö’s population (aged 25–64) have at least three years of tertiary education. The corresponding figure for Sweden is 25%. This puts Malmö in 19th place out of 290 municipalities according to Statistics Sweden (2013)
The World Maritime University has been located in Malmö since 1983. This is a unit that, in organisational terms, is under the supervision of the United Nations (UN).
METROPOLITAN AREAS ATTRACT HIGHLY TRAINED PEOPLE
New graduates prefer to live in metropolitan areas after they have completed their studies, according to a report from the Swedish National Agency for Higher Education and Statistics Sweden (2010)
31%
MALMÖ UNIVERSITY
MALMÖ UNIVERSITY. PHOTO: LEIF JOHANSSON X-RAY
13POPULATION
UNIVERSITIES AND UNIVERSITY COLLEGES REGIONAL ACCOUNTS
51,495The total wage bill for Malmö was SEK 51,495 million (+54% in ten years). In particular, a large positive development in wages has taken place in service production
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Market production, goods (SNI 01-45)Market production, services (SNI 50-95)Public auth. and household non-profit org. Items not broken down by industry
123,356Malmö’s gross regional product (GRP) amounted to SEK 123,356 million in 2011 (+55% in ten years). It is mainly service production that has increased. GRP per capita was SEK 410,000
157,000Total disposable income in Malmö was SEK 47,238 million (+53% in ten years). Disposable income per capita was SEK 157,000
GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCT (GRP) per capita, current prices, SEK thousand
GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCT (GRP) in Malmö by industry, SEK million
DISPOSABLE INCOME per capita, current prices, SEK thousand
WAGES BY INDUSTRYin Malmö, current prices, SEK million
SOURCE: SNI 2007 FROM 2009
14 GROWTH
10INTERESTING
KEY FIGURES
21%The number of employees has increased by 21% in 10 years
5.9 BILLIONOvernight guests and day-trippers spent SEK 5.9 billion´PHOTO: FREDERIK TELLERUP
1,0621,062 homes were completed in 2013 ´PHOTO: OSKAR FALCK
20132013 – cautious situation in the labour market
SEK 2,000/M²/YEARRental levels for Prime Rent in the CBD (Central Business District) are SEK 2,000/m²/year´PHOTO: LEIF JOHANSSON X-RAY
10INTERESTING
KEY FIGURES
Malmö is doing well and the development is reflected by 10 key performance indicators. This positive development was rewarded when the city received the prize of Growth Municipality of the Year 2009*.
* The Growth Municipality of the Year prize is awarded by ‘Arena för Tillväxt’ and SWECO Eurofutures
73On average, 73 new vacancies were reported every day throughout the year´PHOTO: LEIF JOHANSSON X-RAY
1Around 1 bankruptcy per day ´PHOTO: LEIF JOHANSSON X-RAY
88 new companies are started every day´PHOTO: LEIF JOHANSSON X-RAY
593 MILLIONThe industry sector in Malmö invested SEK 593 million in 2013
260 BILLIONTurnover of SEK 260 billion – top credit rating´PHOTO: LEIF JOHANSSON X-RAY
16 GROWTH
´Malmö is continuing to grow as a destination, with more visitors than ever in 2013. The number of hotel guests in Malmö totalled 1,238,829, which was 16,293 more than in 2012
´Overnight guests and day-trippers to Malmö spent a total of SEK 5.9 billion in 2013. The total consumption gave rise to employment amounting to 4,274 full-time equivalents. International visitors spent SEK 681 million
´In 2013, 1.5 million visitors stayed overnight in Malmö. They stayed an average of 2.25 nights per visit, amounting to almost 3.5 million overnight stays. There were also 5.1 million day trips
´Malmö’s new cruise terminal in Frihamnen was opened in 2013, with a footpath and cycle route to improve access between central Malmö and the cruise terminal. Malmö had 10 cruise ships docking and a total of 31,500 passengers
´788 meetings and conferences with more than 50 delegates took place in Malmö. They produced a total of just over 117,000 delegates. Conferences produced a cash flow of SEK 119 million
Guest night = each overnight guest
´The vacancy rate increased slightly to 7.5%, against 6.9% the previous year. Rental levels for Prime Rent in the CBD (Central Business District) have fallen somewhat to SEK 2,000/m²/year, compared to SEK 2,013 previous year.
´In 2013, several hotel projects were started or approved in Hyllie and Västra Hamnen. Some large leases were concluded as new buildings were commissioned. For example, Skanska let its present offices (11,000 m²) to Sweco, while Wihlborgs let its existing site to Tieto and Nordea when they acquired Östersjön 1 on Carlsgatan
´Some centrally located properties have changed owners – the German fund DEREIF SICAV-FIS acquired the office buildings Kronan 10 and 11 at Östergatan 35–39 and Norra Vallgatan 36–40 in central Malmö, while Briggen sold its offices in Björnen 6 on Davidshall
´Jernhusen is investing around SEK 100 million and has started construction of a new logistics building at Malmö Kombiterminal. Mertz Transport, which handles operations at the Kombiterminal, will lease the building
Prime rent = expected level of rent for a top-quality office (>500 m²) in a prime location, excluding extremes
THE TURNING TORSO IS SWEDEN’S HIGHEST BUILDING (190 METRES) PHOTO: LEIF JOHANSSON X-RAY
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Vacancy rate Malmö/Lund
Prime Rent Central Business District Malmö (SEK/m2/year)
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14% SEK/m²/year
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Hotell Vandrarhem
GUEST NIGHTS COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE MARKET
´During 2013, 1,062 new homes were completed; 97% in multi-dwelling buildings and 3% in single-family homes
´The number of new homes started and completed decreased compared to 2012. Above all, the number of multi-dwelling buildings completed increased, while completed single-family homes decreased for the second year in a row
´Housing construction in Malmö did well in 2013, despite a cautious market. The largest number of new homes were started in Västra Hamnen and Limhamns Sjöstad. The number of homes started during 2013 ended up at around 1,146, including 1,065 apartments in multi-dwelling buildings
´The number of homes started in 2013 dropped by about 180 compared with 2012. The figure has varied over the last few years in Malmö, but on average, construction started on around 1,200 homes each year from 2009–2013
´In the last few years, the City of Malmö has started and completed a large number of detailed plans for homes, providing a good planning base and good conditions for house building in the coming years. In January 2014 there were detailed plans in progress for 10,800 homes, around 3,000 more than the previous year
Multi-dwelling building = building with at least 3 separate apartments. The maximum number is unlimited.
´There were 154,796 employees in Malmö in 2013. The number of employees increased by 1,560 or 1.0% compared to the previous year
´After the summer of 2011, the trend in the number of employees started to curve upwards again after a year at a constant level because of economic unrest in Europe and the world. Since then it has risen progressively and it is now at its highest level to date
´In the last year, there has been an increase in the electronics industry, hotels and restaurants and in leasing companies. There has been a drop within ‘advertising and marketing’ and within ‘building contractors’
´Private Swedish companies excl. Groups show the biggest increase. The number of employees in municipal facilities has decreased. Limited companies are the legal form that has increased the most
´The number of employees has increased by 21% in 10 years. A positive long-term development can be noted within business services, IT and computer consultants, hotels and restaurants, education and commerce
Number of employees = daytime population, i.e. the number of people employed in Malmö (excl. owners of sole proprietorships) who earned at least one basic amount per year, or worked as temporary employees for more than 3 months
´There was a cautious situation in the labour market in Skåne and Malmö in 2013. Unemployment in Malmö increased from 14.0% in 2012 to 14.9% in 2013, while the number of lay-offs decreased. Unemployment is expected to fall slightly in 2014
´The average number of Malmö residents registered with the employment office was 21,207, of which 9,151 were women and 12,056 men. Among young people aged 18–24, an average of 3,922 Malmö residents, 1,623 women and 2,299 men, were unemployed (i.e. 24.5% of the workforce)
´Unemployment was higher among men than among women (by 3.1 percentage points), and among young people, the difference was even greater (7.1 percentage points). It was also much higher for people born outside Sweden (28.0%) than for the workforce as a whole (14.9%)
´Compared to other large cities in Sweden, Malmö had high unemployment. In Gothenburg, the figure was 9.4% and in Stockholm 7.1% (of the workforce aged 16–64)
´The situation in the labour market on Zealand has stabilised and is expected to turn around in 2014. There was less commuting to Denmark in 2013 than in 2012, but the decrease has levelled off
Average per year. People in the 16–64 age group who are registered at the Employment Office as a percentage of the registered workforce. (1997–2007 = per cent of population)
Population Malmö Population Skåne Population SwedenWorkforce Malmö Workforce Skåne Workforce Sweden
´26,822 new vacancies were reported to the Public Employment Service in Malmö in 2013, a slight increase of 0.7% compared to the previous year
´On average, 73 new vacancies were reported every day throughout the year
´After the financial crisis, the number of new vacancies rose again in 2010 and 2011. Demand fell away in the second half of 2012 and the positive trend was interrupted. There was a slight increase in 2013. The outcome is at a high level in historical terms
´Demand within ‘hotels and restaurants’ and the ‘public sector’ increased markedly in 2013. Commerce also shows a slight increase
´Demand within ‘telecommunications’ was down in 2013 compared to the previous year. It also fell in ‘energy and environment’ and ‘consulting services’
´During the last 10 years, the number of new vacancies has more than doubled. The sectors with the greatest positive growth in percentage terms are ‘culture, entertainment and recreation’, ‘construction’, and ‘telecommunications’, while demand was down within ‘commerce’ and ‘manufacturing’
´Approximately 2,300 new companies are started each year (average over last 10 years) In 2013, 8 companies were started every day
´2,909 new companies were started in Malmö in 2013. A very high figure and an increase of 3.5% compared with the previous year. Gothenburg showed an increase of 5%, Sweden as a whole was unchanged, and Stockholm decreased by 3%
´60% of the new companies were sole proprietorships and 34% were limited companies. The number of limited companies continues to increase
´The new companies employed 3,481 people (approximately 1.2 per company)
´The number of new start-ups increased most in percentage terms during the year in ‘education’, ‘hotels and restaurants’ and ‘manufacturing’
´14.2 companies per thousand inhabitants were started in Malmö. This compares with 17.6 for Stockholm, 12.9 for Gothenburg and 11.5 for Sweden as a whole. There is a strong entrepreneurial spirit in Malmö and for several years the city has been ranked high up on lists of new enterprises in Sweden
´68% of the enterprises started in Sweden in 2008 were still in business three years later (survival rate)
New company = completely new start-up, or business resumed after at least two years lying dormant
From 2010, the statistics are based on registration data instead of the direct collection of information. New activation criteria were applied, and a new calculation basis for those employed.
´For each company that goes into liquidation, 7 new companies are started (average over last 10 years)
´Approximately 325 bankruptcies per year. Fewer than one bankruptcy per day (average over last 10 years)
´The financial crisis in 2008 resulted in a large number of bankruptcies in 2009. The number of bankruptcies fell slightly in the years following the crisis, but it went up again in 2013
´412 bankruptcies in Malmö in 2013, which is a sharp increase. In Malmö, Gothenburg and Sweden as a whole, the number of bankruptcies is rising again, while Stockholm is largely unchanged
´The bankruptcies occur within many industries. Big increases from the previous year can be seen in ‘security, property management and office services’, ‘transport and warehousing’ and commerce. In some sectors, the number of bankruptcies has gone down, e.g. in ‘culture, entertainment and recreation’, and ‘healthcare’
´In recent years, limited companies have been responsible for the increase. Limited companies have also accounted for the increase in the last year. The increase is greatest among companies with 0 to 19 employees
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Number of bankruptcies
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Number
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Thousands
New vacancies
NEW VACANCIES NEW COMPANIES BANKRUPTCIES
19GROWTH
´Investments decreased in Malmö in 2012 and 2013. Industry in Malmö invested SEK 593 million during 2013, which was a decrease of 28% compared to the previous year. The largest percentage decrease was shown in buildings and facilities. The outcome for 2013 matches the forecast produced a year earlier
´In Sweden as a whole, industrial investment decreased by 4% compared to the previous year. The largest increase in volume in 2013 came in the transport industry, the chemical industry and the timber industry. Among the industries that reduced their volume of investment were mining, steel and metal production, electronic goods and the food industry
´The forecast for Malmö for 2014 shows an investment level of SEK 639 million, i.e. investments are expected to increase again. A few months into 2014, the forecast had been revised upwards
´For Sweden as a whole, the original forecast for 2014 was at the same level as 2013. A few months into 2014, the forecast had been revised downwards slightly
Industry = SNI code B+C i.e. ‘extraction of minerals’ and ‘manufacturing’.
2014 = forecast
´Turnover amounted to SEK 260 billion in 2013, which is the highest amount during the measurement period and an increase of 1.7% on the previous year
´After several years of strong growth, turnover dropped in 2009–2010 due to the economic downturn. Turnover in Malmö has now increased again and is at a higher level than during the record years of 2006–2008
´During the last 10 years, turnover in Malmö has increased by 40%
´One industry registered a large percentage increase in turnover in the last year, and that was insurance
´Other sectors that have shown a sharp rise in turnover are ‘consultancies’ and ‘building contractors’, followed by ‘computers and electronic goods’, the ‘public sector’, and ‘travel agencies and tour companies’
´Three industries in which turnover has decreased in the last year are ‘other machinery’, ‘electrical goods’, and the ‘food industry’
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SEK million
Investments Forecast
VÄSTRA HAMNEN COMBINES JOBS, HOUSING AND RECREATION. PHOTO: LEIF JOHANSSON X-RAY
INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENTS TURNOVER
20 WORKFORCE
GROWTH AND CONFIDENCE IN THE FUTUREMalmö has a flourishing commercial life with strong growth and belief in the future. In the 1990s, the city went through a tough period in which several industries closed down and the active workforce shrank. During this period, decisions were made including the foundation of Malmö University (established in 1998) and the construction of the Öresund Bridge (inaugurated in 2000). Two initiatives among many that have contributed to Malmö’s development from an industrial town into a knowledge city.
´After a slight downturn in 2009, the workforce has increased again over the last three years and is now at an all-time high
´A workforce of 161,172 was employed in Malmö
´An increase of 1.8% compared to the previous year and an increase of 19% over 10 years
´Over the last 10 years, it is primarily the sectors of business services and education that have increased. Manufacturing has decreased
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2012
THOUSANDS
111
128
137140
146
118
151
149
154
158161
WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT, DAYTIME POPULATION
PHOTO: LEIF JOHANSSON X-RAY
Workforce (16+ years) with workplace in Malmö. The figures include both owners of sole proprietorships and employees in all forms of enterprise. RAMS Statistics Sweden.
21WORKFORCE
FROM INDUSTRIAL TOWN TO KNOWLEDGE CITY
Sweden as a whole differs from Malmö in terms of which areas have the highest workforce. In Sweden, the largest group is healthcare and social services (16%), followed by manufacturing (13%)
48% of the workforce are women and 52% are men
Today, a large number of people work within various knowledge-intensive service sectors in Malmö. Only 7% work in manufacturing. This is a lower figure than for Sweden as a whole, where 13% work in manufacturing
Malmö has the largest proportion of its workforce working in business services (16%), followed by commerce (15%), healthcare and social services (14%) and education (9%)
GENDER BREAKDOWN
‘Healthcare and social services’ have the largest proportion of women and the construction sector has the highest percentage of men
The most equal gender breakdown is in ‘hotels and restaurants’ (48% women and 52% men), followed by ‘financial and insurance services’ (47% women and 53% men)
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
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18%
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ices
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erce
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ervices
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g
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on
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Transport
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ervices
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MALMÖ SWEDEN
In 2010, business services overtook commerce to become the largest sector in Malmö
Over half (54%) work in the four largest groups
GEOGRAPHICAL DEVELOPMENT, WORKFORCE
2002 2011 2012 10-YEAR TREND TREND VS. PREVIOUS YEAR
Stockholm 523,027 606,173 622,447 99,420 19% 16,274 2.7%
Sweden 4,135,698 4,505,600 4,567,500 431,802 10% 61,900 1.4%
´Positive growth in the workforce in Malmö
´The size of the workforce with its workplace in Malmö has increased by 19% in 10 years
´In Sweden as a whole, the size of the workforce has increased by 10% over a 10-year period. The corresponding figure for Stockholm is 19%, Gothenburg 15% and Skåne 13%
WORKFORCE BY INDUSTRY
Industries sorted in descending order of size. Workforce, daytime population 2012 (+16 years). RAMS Statistics Sweden. SNI 2007.
22 WORKFORCE
INDUSTRY TREND (NO. OF EMPLOYEES)
THE NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES DOES NOT INCLUDE OWNERS OF SOLE PROPRIETORSHIPS, ONLY THE NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES. 1994–2008 SNI 2002, 2009–2013 SNI 2007
From 2009, the data is shown according to the new division into industries. For this reason, there is a break in the time series in the graphs. Even in those cases where the industry name is the same, both before and after 2009, such as ‘manufacturing’, the underlying division may have changed. Therefore, the data for the new and old divisions into industries cannot be compared. We have chosen to retain and present the old definitions in order to give an impression of the long-term development.
PERCENTAGE CHANGE 2009-2013´The industries that show the largest percentage increase in the
number of employees are ‘hotels and restaurants’ followed by ‘law, economics, science and technology’ and ‘civil authorities and defence’
´‘Healthcare and social services, ‘transport and warehousing’ and ‘education’ also show an increase of more than 10%
´Industries that show a decrease are ‘agriculture/forestry/fishing’, followed by ‘energy, water, waste’, ‘construction’, ‘manufacturing’, and ‘information and communication’
LONG-TERM TRENDSBecause of changes in the division into industries, it is not possible to make any detailed long-term analysis, but only to summarise the overall development in a few short comments:
´A positive long-term development can be noted within business services, IT and computer consultancies, hotels and restaurants, education and commerce
´A downward trend can be seen within manufacturing and agriculture/forestry/fishing
23WORKFORCE
0
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18,000
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2011
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2013
Construction
Energy, water, waste, etc.
Manufacturing
Agriculture, forestry and fisheries
Hotels and restaurants
Commerce
Culture, entertainment and recreationTransport and warehousing
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
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24,000
1994
19
95
1996
19
97
1998
19
99
2000
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01
2002
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03
2004
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05
2006
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20
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2011
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2013
0
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4,000
6,000
8,000
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12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
20,000
22,000
1994
19
95
1996
19
97
1998
19
99
2000
20
01
2002
20
03
2004
20
05
2006
20
07
2008
2009
20
10
2011
20
12
2013
Financial and insurance servicesProperty companies and administratorsIT and computer consultantsOther business servicesInformation and communicationLaw, economics, science and technologyRentals, property services, travel services and other support services
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
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18,000
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26,000
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2008
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2013
Healthcare, social services
Civil authorities and defence
Education + R&D
‘Other business services’ includes, for example, legal, economic, architectural and technical consultancy activities, advertising and market research, staffing and recruitment, call centres, cleaning and other consultancy services to businesses.
THE NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES DOES NOT INCLUDE OWNERS OF SOLE PROPRIETORSHIPS, ONLY THE NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES. 1994–2008 SNI 2002, 2009–2013 SNI 2007
24 CORPORATE STRUCTURE
ONWARD FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP Many new enterprises are being started and established enterprises are choosing to relocate to Malmö. The number of workplaces has increased significantly and today’s corporate structure comprises to a large extent of small and medium-sized enterprises.
Definition of the number of employees = daytime population, i.e. the number of people employed in Malmö (excl. sole traders) who earned at least one basic amount per year, or who worked as temporary employees for more than 3 months
154,796
Malmö had 154,796 employees spread across 33,286 workplaces
Both the number of employees and the number of workplaces have increased significantly
The number of employees in Malmö has increased by 29% in 15 years
The number of workplaces has increased by 54% in 15 years
The increase in 2011 is due to status rule changes made in 2010 and 2011 to adjust over and under coverage in the company register.
TRENDS IN THE NUMBER OF WORKPLACES
25CORPORATE STRUCTURE
´42% of the workplaces were limited companies, and 42% were sole proprietorships, which are the two most widespread enterprise forms in Malmö
´The number of workplaces in the group ‘limited companies’ has risen sharply in 15 years, increasing by 66%, and in the group ‘sole proprietorships’ the number has increased by 62%
´The arrival of many new companies reflects the entrepreneurial spirit to be found in Malmö and the changes the city has undergone – from a structure with a number of large companies to one with many smaller companies
´The largest proportion of employees is to be found in limited companies. The number of employees in limited companies has increased by 38% in 15 years
6%General and
limited partnership
2%Other public sector 42%
Limited company
42%Sole proprietorship
8% Other
LEGAL FORM 1998 2013 CHANGE
Limited company 8,440 13,995 5,555 66%
Sole proprietorship 8,588 13,880 5,292 62%
General and limited partnership 2,038 1,996 -42 -2%
Other, public sector 795 865 70 9%
Other 1,694 2,550 856 51%
Total 21,555 33,286 11,731 54%
1998 2013 CHANGE
74,044 101,847 27,803 38%
757 2,063 1,306 173%
2,405 1,912 -493 -20%
33,806 39,903 6,097 18%
8,554 9,071 517 6%
119,566 154,796 35,230 29%
THE NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES DOES NOT INCLUDE OWNERS OF SOLE PROPRIETORSHIPS, ONLY THE NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES
WORKPLACES EMPLOYEES
PHOTO: LEIF JOHANSSON X-RAY
LEGAL FORM OF ENTERPRISE
26 CORPORATE STRUCTURE
OWNER CONTROL 2003 2013 CHANGE
Government 244 175 -69 -28%
Municipal 701 737 36 5%
County council 79 86 7 9%
Private Swedish excl. Groups 19,016 26,023 7,007 37%
Private Swedish incl. Groups 2,963 4,329 1,366 46%
Foreign 1,122 1,936 814 73%
Total 24,125 33,286 9,161 38%
2003 2013 CHANGE
13,617 13,878 261 2%
21,828 21,994 166 1%
8,863 10,303 1,440 16%
23,427 31,284 7,857 34%
39,286 41,294 2,008 5%
22,184 36,043 13,859 62%
129,205 154,796 25,591 20%
WORKPLACES
NUMBER OF WORKPLACES BY NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES
EMPLOYEES
SECTOR 0 empl. 1–2 3–9 10–49 50–249 250–499 500+ Total number
Culture, entertainment and recreation 2,292 241 102 54 8 1 0 2,698
Other services 1,718 375 184 66 9 0 2,352
Other 77 77
Total 20,600 5,788 4,032 2,297 518 38 13 33,286
REVISED DATA FOR FOREIGN-OWNED COMPANIES IN 2012 (SWEDISH AGENCY FOR GROWTH POLICY ANALYSIS) IS ON PAGE 28
2013. SNI 2007. THE NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES DOES NOT INCLUDE OWNERS OF SOLE PROPRIETORSHIPS
27CORPORATE STRUCTURE
´70% were employed in the private sector and 30% in the public sector in Malmö (2013)
´The number of employees has increased by 20% since 2003. The increase has occurred above all in the private sector
´Foreign-owned companies showed the largest increase in the number of employees; an increase of 62% since 2003. Among foreign-owned companies, there are also companies the public would consider Swedish but which are registered abroad
65%Service companies employed 65% of the staff and accounted for 60% of the value-added in Sweden
250
97%97% of Swedish trade and industry consists of so-called micro enterprises with fewer than 10 employees, which represented one quarter of trade and industry’s added value in 2012.
Large corporations with 250 or more employees made up just one- thousandth of the number of companies, but accounted for 40% of the value-added in the Swedish economy
PHOTO: FREDRIK JOHANSSON
´Malmö’s trade and industry is largely composed of small and medium-sized companies. This is the same structure as for Sweden as a whole
´A large proportion of the workplaces in Malmö have no employees
´Malmö has a mixed business community that includes many different sectors, giving the city a solid and diversified base
´The service sector has increased significantly over the last 15 years and today constitutes a considerable proportion of trade and industry
28 CORPORATE STRUCTURE
0
50
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DEN
MA
RK
NO
RWAY
UN
ITED
KIN
GD
OM
GER
MA
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URG USA
FIN
LAN
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317
209
179
148
122113
102 97
65
170
148
NUMBER OF FOREIGN-OWNED WORKPLACES BY COUNTRY
584 workplaces had 10 or more employees584
1,1951,195 workplaces had employees
ÖRESUND BRIDGE, PHOTO: LEIF JOHANSSON X-RAY
6565 workplaces had 100 or more employees
The number of employees in foreign-owned workplaces has increased by 52% in 10 years
Among Malmö’s largest foreign-owned companies are firms such as Manpower, Pågen, ISS Facility Services, Arriva, G4S, Logica, ABB, Trygg-Hansa, E.ON and IKEA
32,582 people worked in 1,670 foreign-owned workplaces in Malmö (2012)32,582
19%
5% of Malmö’s workplaces were foreign-owned (excl. public sector)
31% of those employed in Malmö work in a foreign-owned company (excl. public sector).
The number of foreign-owned workplaces has increased by 49% in 10 years
The largest investor countries in terms of the number of workplaces: Denmark (19%), Norway (13%), the United Kingdom (11%) and Germany (9%)
The largest numbers of workplaces are in commerce, real estate activities, business services and communication
NUMBER OF FOREIGN-OWNED WORKPLACESIn 2000, the Öresund Bridge between Sweden and Denmark was opened.
30 PROFILE AREAS
MALMÖ’S PROFILE AREASMalmö focuses on a number of profile areas in a business context. These are areas in which Malmö’s strengths are considered to be particularly successful in terms of more employment opportunities and greater growth. Read more on www.malmobusiness.com under ‘Profile areas’.
LOGISTICSNorra Hamnen is one of the most attractive places to establish logistics companies in northern Europe. Its strategic position makes it easy to distribute incoming and outgoing flows of goods. It boasts a modern logistics centre for transport by ship, train and goods vehicle. ´PHOTO: CMP
LIFE SCIENCESThe overall long-term objective is to increase Malmö’s attractiveness. Malmö is an excellent place to establish life science activities, whether as companies or research projects.
HOSPITALITY INDUSTRYThe overall goal for Malmö Tourism is to attract more visitors to Malmö. This will produce more economic turnover and more jobs in the hotel and catering industry in Malmö. The hotel and catering industry is very important to the labour market and to growth. Malmö Tourism is actively working to advertise Malmö’s attractions and to provide an impetus for Malmö to keep developing more attractive offerings in the future. ´PHOTO: LEIF JOHANSSON X-RAY
31PROFILE AREAS
CREATIVE INDUSTRIESInvestments in film, music, computer games, web-based services, mobile platforms, design, architecture, fashion and new media have created a strong potential for the creative industries in Malmö. Creative industries are an area in which many different activities and industries overlap. Development and new business opportunities are created at the intersection between the different sectors. The creative industries are major drivers for innovation and new technology. The vision is to be an expanding centre for creative industries where business, education and research at an international level generate growth. ´PHOTO: JESPER BERG
CLEANTECHThe City of Malmö aims to become a ‘cleantech city’ – a place with a unique environmental technology profile combining economic, social and ecological sustainability. Together with companies, the university and other actors, the municipality aims to create an attractive location to start up, operate and develop companies in the cleantech field in Malmö. Within the City of Malmö, this profile area is driven via Malmö Cleantech City.
HEAD OFFICESMalmö offers growth and belief in the future and is an attractive city in which to start a business. Its closeness to Copenhagen is a big attraction, along with the good infrastructure with Copenhagen Airport at its heart. Moreover, many key figures such as new company start-ups, new vacancies and revenue are on the increase. The big expansion areas are in Västra Hamnen and Hyllie. ´PHOTO: LEIF JOHANSSON X-RAY
COMMERCEMalmö will continue to develop and grow as a regional centre for commerce and visitors. Commerce has experienced strong growth in the last 10 years and employs around 20% of all those working in the retail sector in Skåne. An increasing population in Malmö and the region is accompanied by increased demand. An attractive city, the major commercial centres in the town, conference and exhibition facilities, events and leisure activities will contribute to this. ´PHOTO: LEIF JOHANSSON X-RAY
PHOTOGRAPH FRONT COVER: MALMÖ CENTRAL STATION, LEIF JOHANSSON X-RAY
SOURCES´ Business Register (Statistics Sweden)
´ European Spallation Source
´ Femern A/S
´ JLL
´ Malmö University
´ Statistics Sweden (SCB)
´ Swedish Agency for Economic and Regional Growth
´ Swedish Agency for Growth Policy Analysis
´ Swedish Public Employment Service
´ Örestat
´ Öresund Committee
´ Øresundsbron
All graphs in this brochure refer to Malmö. The analyses have been produced in collaboration with the following departments of the City of Malmö: Department of Urban Planning, Department for Integration and Labour Market, and Malmö Tourism.
Number of copies: 1,600
Design and production: W Communication Agency (www.justw.com)
Printing: Holmbergs
Trade and Industry AgencyOffice address Lugna gatan 84Postal address City of Malmö, SE-205 80 Malmö, SwedenTel. +46 (0) 40 34 17 00 • Fax +46 (0) 40 611 27 [email protected]
The purpose of Malmö Snapshot is to provide all stakeholders in Malmö’s trade and industry with straight facts and transparent statistics – companies in Malmö, companies planning to move to Malmö and others who wish to follow developments in the business community.
´ The report is available in Swedish and English
´ Read and download a digital version from our website
´ More information and statistics are available from our website www.malmobusiness.com
THE STRAIGHT FACTS!
IN 2012, ‘MALMÖ SNAPSHOT’ WAS ONE OF FIVE FINALISTS FOR THE SWEDISH PUBLISHING PRIZE IN THE ‘REPORTING’ CATEGORY
Publisher: Pehr Andersson, Director, Trade and Industry Agency, City of Malmö
Editor and analyst: Sara Bergman, Trade and Industry Agency, City of Malmö