Major World Relgions. Judaism & the Israelites Preview Main Idea The Early Hebrews The Kingdom of Israel Map: Israel and Judah The Teachings of Judaism.

Major World Relgions

Judaism & the Israelites

Preview

• Main Idea

• The Early Hebrews

• The Kingdom of Israel

• Map: Israel and Judah

• The Teachings of Judaism

The Hebrews and Judaism

Judaism & the Israelites

Do Now

• Who were the ‘Children of Israel’? (pg 31)

Judaism & the Israelites

Reading Focus

• What are the major events in the history of the early Hebrews?

• How did the Kingdom of Israel develop and who were some of its key leaders?

• What are the basic teachings and sacred texts of Judaism?

Main Idea

The ancient Hebrews and their religion, Judaism, have been a major influence on Western civilization.

The Hebrews and Judaism

Judaism & the Israelites

Do Now

• In Judaism, to what does the covenant refer?– Abraham’s original agreement with

God that his people would have land– Moses and the renewed covenant

when he received the Ten Commandments

Judaism & the Israelites

The Hebrews were the ancestors of the Jews, and most of what we know, including the laws and requirements of their religion, Judaism, comes from their later writings.

• The Torah

• Abraham, father of the Hebrews

• God’s covenant

• 12 Tribes of Israel

• Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob were patriarchs

• Israelites in Egypt

Hebrew Fathers• Slaves in Egypt

• Moses

• Pharaoh, plagues

• Exodus

– Israelites out of Egypt

– Passover

• The Ten Commandments

Moses and Exodus• Israelites in desert

• Canaan

• Land of “milk and honey”

• Israelites battled for land

• Canaan = Israel

Promised Land

The Early Hebrews

Judaism & the Israelites

Sequencing

What are some key events, in order, in early Israelite history?

Answer(s): Abraham traveled to Canaan, 1800 BC; Moses appeared among Hebrews in Egypt, 1200s BC; the Exodus; delivery of Ten Commandments to Moses; Hebrews wander desert for 40 years; invasion of Philistines to Israel, mid-1000s BC; Saul named first king of Israel, mid-1000s BC; David named second king of Israel, 1000 BC; Solomon named third king of Israel, 865 BC

Judaism & the Israelites

The Period of the Judges

• Scattered communities• No central government• Judges enforce laws• Prophets keep Israelites focused on faith

• Israelites united against Philistines

• Saul, first Israelite king

• Never won full support

• David, second king

• Strong king, gifted poet

• Solomon, David’s son

• Israel reached height of wealth

Saul, David, Solomon

• Conflict after Solomon’s death

• Two kingdoms, Israel and Judah

• 722 BC, Israel fell to Assyrians

• 586 BC, Judah fell to Chaldeans

• Chaldeans enslaved Jews

• Diaspora = scattering of Jews

• Persians conquered Chaldeans

Division and Conquest

The Kingdom of Israel

Judaism & the Israelites

Judaism & the Israelites

Find the Main Idea

Why are Saul, David and Solomon significant?

Answer(s): They were the first kings of Israel; they unified the Israelites under the Kingdom of Israel.

Judaism & the Israelites

The Teachings of Judaism

Religion the foundation of Hebrew and Jewish societies

• Belief in One God

– Monotheism

• Justice and Righteousness

– Kindness, fairness, code of ethics

• Obedience to the Law

– Ten Commandments, Mosaic Law

• Jewish Sacred Texts

– Torah, Talmud

Judaism & the Israelites

Identify Supporting Details

What are the central beliefs of Judaism?

Answer(s): belief in one god for all peoples; obedience to the Ten Commandments; justice and righteousness

Judaism & the Israelites

Days we get off for…

• Alternates between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur, two very close holy days

• Rosh Hashanah – God writes one’s fate for the year in the Book of Life

• Yom Kippur – The Day of Atonement. God seal’s the book and one is considered absolved by God.

Judaism & the Israelites

Judaism & the Israelites

Current Day Israel

Judaism & the Israelites

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