Magnetic Tomography method for inspecting pipelines (МТМ) OOO R&D CENTRE “TRANSKOR-K”, RUSSIA
Magnetic Tomography method
for inspecting pipelines (МТМ)
OOO R&D CENTRE “TRANSKOR-K”, RUSSIA
MTM scanning process
Defective
section № 1
Step of
recording 1
Registers
Movement
of operator with
magnetometer
SKIF MBS
Anomaly № 1
Length of anomaly 1
Diagrams of
SDC (stress-
deformed
condition)
Ears Surface
Pipeline
Lines
Of magnetic fieldSection without
defects
h = 15 D
Step of
recording 2
Step of
recording 3
Step of
recording 4
Step of
recording 5
Step of
recording 6
Step of
recording 7
Anomaly № 2 Anomaly № 3
Length of anomaly 2 Length of anomaly 3
Defective
section № 2
Defective
section № 3
Scheme of complex processing MTM data of
underground (sub-water) object
Data base: X, Y, Z, curves of SDC (stress-deformed condition)
Processing geodesic information
Processing MTM scanning data
Unit for analyzing and processing data
GPSreceiver
1 Unit of MTM detectors
1 data flow :
X
2 data flow :
2 Unit of MTM detectors
Y
3 data flow :
3 Unit of MTM detectors
Z
4 data flow :
SDC diagramsï î ë è ãî í , Òð óá à 1 0 0 0 ï î õî ä ó,
Ó ÷à ñòî ê â ð à é î í å 0 - 3 0 ì ,Í à ï ð à â ë å í è å î á ñë å ä î â à í è ÿ - ï î õ î ä ó ï ð î ä óê òà .
Ñ è òó à ö è î í í à ÿ ñ õ å ì à òð ó á î ï ð î â î ä à
Ä è à ãð à ì ì à í à ï ð ÿ æå í í î ãî ñ î ñ òî ÿ í è ÿ
0.03
0.03
0.02
9
0.02
8
0.02
8
0.02
7
0.02
7
0.02
6
0.02
6
0.02
5
0.02
5
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4
0.02
4
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3
0.02
3
0.02
2
0.02
2
0.02
1
0.02
1
0.02
0.02
0.01
9
0.01
9
0.01
8
0.01
8
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6
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2
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1
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1
0.01
0.01
0.00
9
0.00
9
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0.00
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0.00
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0.00
7
0.00
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0.00
6
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5
0.00
5
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0.00
4
0.00
3
0.00
3
0.00
2
0.00
2
0.00
1
0.00
1
0.00
00
7 0
6 0
5 0
4 0
3 0
2 0
1 0
0
- 1 0
- 2 0
- 3 0
0 5 .0 4 .2 0 0 6
Ä è à ãð à ì ì à î á ù å ãî í à ï ð ÿ æå í è ÿ
0.0
2 0
0
- 2 0
- 4 0
Object name, direction of inspection – according a product flowDiagrams of stress-deformed condition (SDC)
Diagrams of general stress
Pipeline situation scheme
MTM data field registration
PRINCIPLE of the METHOD
Non-destructive testing works (NDT) in a pit
MTM data office processing
Section without SDC (stress-deformed condition) anomalies
Sections with anomalies
Physical grounds of the method enabling the development of the magnetic tomography method
Magnetoelastic hysteresis phenomenon
Part of volume with magnetization oriented lengthwise vector Ir0 and towards it, correspondingly;
Residual magnetization of magnet in adjusted condition, that is, after multi-repeated imposition of stress;
Magnetization of saturation;
Change of magnetoelastic energy when stress is imposed tension σ;
Constant of magnetostriction;
Average angular coefficient;
Change of domains magnetostatic energy;
Demagnetizing index of inclusions (various types of defects of structure);
Complete piezomagnetic change of magnetization in the first and second volumes, correspondingly;
Energy of interaction of magnitization with field, essential for interdomain boundaries to get over potential barriers, Hk – average critical field;
Is developed owing to detention of domains at energy barriers (defects of array) and also owing to additional magnetization of matrix by inclusions having value of residual magnetization higher than matrix’s.
Mechanical stress, MPa
Magnetic field, A/m
Rela
tive m
agn
etic
pen
etra
bil
ity µ
=10-3
H/m
Diagram of distribution of anomalies danger degree / safe operation term
0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
1
1 5 9
13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97
A calculated parameter - saf e operation term, years
Dan
ger d
egree
3-d rank
2-nd rank
аномалии
1-st rank
аномалии
3 2 1
Good Admissible Inadmissible
Ranks of anomalies danger
CATEGORY OF METAL CONDITION
RECOMMENDATION ON ENHANCING RELIABILITY
Monitoring
without repair
Scheduled
repair
First priority
repair
Diagrams of distribution of anomaly danger degree/ safe operating pressure
3-d rank
2-nd rank
1-st rank
Dan
ger
degr
ee
Parameter of calculation – free accident operation term, years
Calculation of serviceability parameters
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0,02 0,08 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9
Механические напряжения R, доля от σт
Градиент магнитного поля
Dependence between a pipeline magnetic field density and mechanical stresses
Mag
netic
fiel
d gr
adie
nt
Mechanical stresses R, a part of σt
F = -0,6245Ln (σ) + 1,5
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
0,00 0,05 0,10 0,20 0,30 0,40 0,50 0,60 0,70 0,80 0,90
Механические напряжения, σт
Магнитный
показатель,
F
Dependence between complex magnetic index F and mechanical stresses in a pipeline
Mechanical stresses σt
Mag
netic
inde
x F
, con
ditio
nal u
nits
≤≤≤≤ 5 %5 %5 %5 %Odometer error (measuring distance)Odometer error (measuring distance)Odometer error (measuring distance)Odometer error (measuring distance)20оError in determining angular coordinate of anomalyError in determining angular coordinate of anomalyError in determining angular coordinate of anomalyError in determining angular coordinate of anomaly
± 1,5 mError in determining longitudinal coordinate of anomalyError in determining longitudinal coordinate of anomalyError in determining longitudinal coordinate of anomalyError in determining longitudinal coordinate of anomaly
0,25 m0,25 m0,25 m0,25 mStep of scanning (registration and data recording by Step of scanning (registration and data recording by Step of scanning (registration and data recording by Step of scanning (registration and data recording by detectors), maximumdetectors), maximumdetectors), maximumdetectors), maximum
20 D 20 D 20 D 20 D Admissible distance between the magnetometer and a pipeline Admissible distance between the magnetometer and a pipeline Admissible distance between the magnetometer and a pipeline Admissible distance between the magnetometer and a pipeline (deviation from axis, depth of bedding)(deviation from axis, depth of bedding)(deviation from axis, depth of bedding)(deviation from axis, depth of bedding)
Not more than 3 DNot more than 3 DNot more than 3 DNot more than 3 DAdmissible deviation from the axis of an underground objectAdmissible deviation from the axis of an underground objectAdmissible deviation from the axis of an underground objectAdmissible deviation from the axis of an underground object100 %100 %100 %100 %Volume of registration along lengthways an object Volume of registration along lengthways an object Volume of registration along lengthways an object Volume of registration along lengthways an object 40 40 40 40 mmmmLength of an inspected section, minimumLength of an inspected section, minimumLength of an inspected section, minimumLength of an inspected section, minimum4,7 kg4,7 kg4,7 kg4,7 kgWeight of the toolWeight of the toolWeight of the toolWeight of the tool
200200200200××××200200200200××××750 mm750 mm750 mm750 mmDimensionsDimensionsDimensionsDimensions
Not limitedNot limitedNot limitedNot limitedInternal minimum diameterInternal minimum diameterInternal minimum diameterInternal minimum diameter
Not limitedNot limitedNot limitedNot limitedMinimum radius of turning (bend)Minimum radius of turning (bend)Minimum radius of turning (bend)Minimum radius of turning (bend)0,02 0,02 0,02 0,02 MPaMPaMPaMPaMinimum pressure for gas pipelinesMinimum pressure for gas pipelinesMinimum pressure for gas pipelinesMinimum pressure for gas pipelinesNot limitedNot limitedNot limitedNot limitedMaximum pressureMaximum pressureMaximum pressureMaximum pressure
2222----5 5 5 5 m/sm/sm/sm/sRate of MTMRate of MTMRate of MTMRate of MTM----inspectioninspectioninspectioninspection
56 56 56 56 ≤≤≤≤ D D D D ≥≥≥≥ 1420 1420 1420 1420 mmmmmmmm ииии >Limits regarding pipelines diameters DLimits regarding pipelines diameters DLimits regarding pipelines diameters DLimits regarding pipelines diameters D
Starting withStarting withStarting withStarting with 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 mmmmmmmmRange of an object wall thicknessRange of an object wall thicknessRange of an object wall thicknessRange of an object wall thickness10101010----9999Magnetic field density in Magnetic field density in Magnetic field density in Magnetic field density in НННН or or or or АмАмАмАм----1111
MTM ReportRegister of revealed MTM anomalies
Coordinates
of anomaly, m
GPS-coordinates: latitude, longitude
Type of fixation
№ anomaly
Metal condition: good (3); admissible (2);
inadmissible (1)
Integral index F, conditional units
Angular coordinate of anomaly, hour
Beginning, end , Length of anomaly
Distance from the preceding fixation (-)to the next fixation (+)
Prognosis of anomaly type
Safe operatingpressure, MPa, Tsaf
Free accident operation term, years, at Tsaf
Notes:Rank of
anomaly
Types of anomalies:Metal lossCrack-like defectsGeometry changeWeld joint defectsSDC (stress-deformed condition) anomalies
Recommendation on enhancing
reliability of a pipeline section
Section for the first priority repair (1)Section for the scheduled repair (2)Section without repair - monitoring (3)
Map-scheme with fixing an object
to topo-base (Tierra Del Fugo,
Patagonia, Argentina)
Distribution of anomalies lengthways an object
Плотность распределения анамалийобъекта ООО "ЛУКОЙЛ-Западная Сибирь", ДНС-ЦПС,
Протяженность трубопровода2826242220181614121086420
Градация степени
опасности
0.20 0.20
0.55 0.55
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9Gra
datio
n of
dan
ger
degr
ee (
F)
Length of a pipeline, km
Часовое расположение аномалииобъекта ООО "ЛУКОЙЛ-Западная Сибирь", ДНС-ЦПС,
Протяженность трубопровода2826242220181614121086420
Часовое
расположение аномалии
0 ч
1 ч
2 ч
3 ч
4 ч
5 ч
6 ч
7 ч
8 ч
9 ч
10 ч
11 ч
Distribution of angular coordinates of anomalies
Clo
ck p
ositi
onin
g of
ano
mal
ies
Length of a pipeline, km
1. Situational, geodesic and other schemes, tables describing the MTM results;
2. Data illustrating the methodic of field and office works;
3. Data characterizing principals and peculiarities of revealing SDC anomalies of a ferro-magnetic pipeline;
4. Data relevant to the work results.
The following is included into the text: The following is included as graphic
attachments:
Register Tables Maps
1. Maps of distributing parameters of SDC anomalies of an object;
2. Situational Maps-schemes of an object; diagrams
3. Maps of geodesic positioning of an object by GPS-coordinates;
4. Schemes of comparing the inspection data with topo-base of a pipeline route.
Photos Diagrams Schemes
Typical structure of data submitted during
any Report term