Lydia Ayers

Lydia Ayers

Instruments• Xiao: end-blown notched

bamboo flute with five frontal finger holes

• Paixiao: 11 to 22 stopped tubes

paixiao

Instruments

• Xun: clay or porcelain vessel flute and one of the oldest Chinese instruments (at least 6,700 years old)

• Koudi: a small, flute-like whistle, frequently used to make flamboyant bird-like sounds

Di / Dizi

Di / Dizi• Wrinkled membrane over

one hole produces bright timbre

Di / Dizi

• Each dizi in one major key

Di / Dizi Fingerings• Straightforward for pitches in the

major scale

• Other pitches require half hole fingerings, which are especially difficult on small flutes

Fingering for #5

Chinese Cipher Notation• 1 = D, sounds 8va

• The Key and Time SignaturesThe Key and Time Signatures

Lu Chun Ling:Lu Chun Ling: Huang Le Ge (Happy Song) Huang Le Ge (Happy Song)

Chinese NotationChinese Notation

TranscriptionTranscription

Example 1: Grace Notes in Measures 8-9Example 1: Grace Notes in Measures 8-9

tonictonicdaiyindaiyinescapeescape

notenotegracegracenotenote

Musical Examples• Red crane bone flute: Xiao Bai Cai

(Little Cabbage) http://www.pubaf.bnl.gov/pr/bnlpr092299.html

• Paixiao: Qian Zhaoxi: Feng Xia Kong (Descending Phoenix)

• Xiao: Zhuang Tai Qiu Si (Autumn Reflection at the Dressing Table) excerpt performed on dizi by Yu Xun-Fa, accompanied by zheng

• Xiao: Zhuang Tai Qiu Si (Autumn Reflection at the Dressing Table) excerpt performed on dizi by Chan Hung-Yan, accompanied by zheng

Musical Examples

• Dizi in D: Lu Chun Ling:Dizi in D: Lu Chun Ling: Huang Le Ge (Happy Huang Le Ge (Happy Song)Song)– Glad TidingsGlad Tidings Version Version– Art of Lu Chun-LingArt of Lu Chun-Ling Version Version– Chan Chun-Nin’s Version (personal Chan Chun-Nin’s Version (personal

recording)recording)– Magic Flutist Lu Chun-LingMagic Flutist Lu Chun-Ling Version Version

• Xun: Liu Hongjun: Xianren aisi (Dreaming of Ancestors)

Musical Examples

• Koudi: Koudi: Bai Chengren: Miao Ling Di Zao Chen (Morning in Miao Mountain)

• Dizi in F: Li Da Tong: Pa Mi Er Di ChunTian (Spring in the Pamirs)