Declarative Memory Consolidation and Sleep Kimberly Fenn Cognitive Psychology Psych 200 January 13, 2011 1 Longterm Memory Declarative Memory Memory for facts, information, and events Procedural Memory Memory for skills, habits, and conditioning 2 Traditional Memory Models Short Term Store Long Term Store 3 After initial acquisition, memory remains in a weak or malleable state, susceptible to loss due to interference or decay Current Memory Models Long Term Store Consolidation Short Term Store 4 Consolidation: the process by which memories are strengthened and stabilized, increasing resistance to interference and decay 5 Absence of Sleep • Impaired working memory • Decreased arousal • Increased RT to stimuli • Real-world consequences ▫ Car accidents ▫ Comair Flight 5191 crash ▫ Exxon Valdez oil spill Why Sleep? 6
8
Embed
Longterm Memory - Michigan State University...Declarative Memory Consolidation and Sleep Kimberly Fenn Cognitive Psychology Psych 200 January 13, 2011 1 Longterm Memory Declarative
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
• Sleep reduces false memory without correspondingreduction in correct memory
• Sleep may be enhancing memory for the source ofthe information
False Memory and Sleep in the DRM Paradigm
27
Is sleep strengthens an original memory, can itincrease resistance to misleading information?
28
ProcedureI. StudySs watch film of two-car accident.
II. MisinformationSs estimate speed of cars when the cars ...
a) “smashed into each other”or
b) “hit each other”
Misinformation Effect
29
41 mph
34 mph
1 week later: “Did you see brokenglass?”
“smashed” Ss “hit” Ss
% yes (incorrect) 32% 14%
(Loftus & Palmer, 1974)
30
Misinformation and Sleep
• Procedure1. Video of robbery2. Misleading information
Questions about film
3. Recognition test Appeared in the film
Appeared only in questions (suggested memory)
Unrelated lures
• Two factors▫ Retention interval▫ Timing of misinformation
“At the beginning of the scene, a young man dressed injeans, a t-shirt and gloves entered the house. Did heappear to be in a rush when he entered?"
"Let’s begin at the start of the scene again. At the beginningof the film clip, the young man who entered the house wasdressed in jeans, a t-shirt and gloves. What color were thegloves?"
31
9:00 21:00 9:00
Movie
Wake
Sleep
MisinformationTest
Movie MisinformationTest
Condition I: “Test”Condition II: “Movie”
32
Correct Recognition
Prop
ortio
n H
its
33
False RecognitionPr
opor
tion
Fals
e R
ecog
nitio
n
34
Misinformation and Sleep
• Sleep can have both positive and negative effects onmemory
• Sleep can protect memory from reconstruction▫ When misinformation occurs after sleep, participants are better able to
identify studied information and reject suggested information
• Sleep may increase false memory and increase memoryreconstruction▫ When misinformation occurs prior to sleep, false information may get
consolidated with veridical memory
35
If sleep can increase resistance to misleading information,will sleep deprivation decrease resistance ?
36
Sleep Deprivation
• Reduces working memory capacity
• Reduces frontal lobe function
• May reduce ability to acquire information
37
Memory Susceptibility and Sleep Deprivation
• Procedure1. View pictures that depict a story2. Misleading information
• Read sentences that tell the same story, with false information
3. Multiple choice test4. Source test
• Independent Variable▫ Sleep vs. Sleep deprivation
38
…She showed her friend the new South Park DVD.Her friend very much approved of her selection…
…She showed her friend the new South Park DVD.Her friend did not approve of her selection….
Source Test• I saw it in the pictures only• I saw it in the narrations only• I saw it in both and they were the same• I saw it in both and they conflicted with each other• I guessed
39
22:00 00:00
Sleep
Lab ArrivalSet up for PSG
Lights Out
02:00 06:00 08:00 10:00
Lights On
Encoding PhaseMath Learning Task
MisinformationTest
48 hrs
10:00
Math TestFree Recall Test
Sleep Deprivation
MoodAssessments
Snack
40
Correct memory for story elements
41
False memory for suggested information
42
“Robust” False MemorySource Test• I saw it in the pictures only• I saw it in the narrations only• I saw it in both and they were the same• I saw it in both and they conflicted with eachother• I guessed
43
• Memory performance is worse after sleep deprivation
• Correct memory for studied information is lower thanafter a full night of sleep
• Sleep deprivation increases susceptibility to misleadinginformation
Memory Susceptibility and Sleep Deprivation
44
Overall: Sleep and Memory
• Sleep can improve declarative memory for studied information
• In some cases, sleep may also decrease false memory or increaseresistance to misleading information
• Sleep deprivation decreases memory performance for studiedinformation
• Sleep deprivation increases susceptibility to misleading information
Sleep is important. Study early. DoNOT pull an all-nighter before anexam! You will perform worse.