Log book part 2

WEEK  3:  CAMPUS  BUILDING  ANALYSIS  

Structural  systems   Elements  How  materials  are  

joined  Main  materials  

Expressed  or  concealed  structure  

Types  of  joints  

1.  Car  park  

Surface,  independent  structures    

Curves,  columns,  foot  pad  

-­‐  Rebar  to  provide  continuity  -­‐  Use  of  tree  roots  to  ground  the  structure.                                -­‐  Concrete  to  concrete  joins  and  to  the  ground  a  footpad.  

Concrete   Concealed     Mortar  joints  Concrete  pads    

1. Pad  footingà  grounds  structure  by  spreading  the  point  load  over  wider  area.  Point  load  =  south  lawn  trafficking.  Tree  roots  also  adding  to  the  support.  

2. Concrete  to  concrete  joining.  To  create  a  stronger  joint,  the  surface  if  roughed,  making  it  harder  for  movement.  

3. The  structure  made  up  of  large  concrete  slabs  joined  together.  

 1.            2.        

1  

2  

3  

2.  Arts  west  

Beams,  truss  support.  Noted:  beams  hang  of  truss  

Many  support  systems  such  as  concrete  rock,  walls  and  steel  frames  

Fixed  joinings  through  bolts  

Timber,  steal,  concrete,  aluminum,  galvanized  steal,  glass  

Expressed   Fixed  jointà  you  don’t  want  rotation  in  the  structure  as  it  is  in  a  major  trafficking  zone  

                             Concrete  block  provides  equilibrium  for  the  steel  framing.  Concrete  block  and  timber  framing  work  in  unison  to  create  a  balanced  structure.    However  also  used  for  aesthetic  appeal.      

                 Combination  of  different  textured  materials  to  stylize  and  beatify  a  structural  frame.  In  the  photo  above,  the  mirror  affect  allows  the  user  to  become  interactive  with  the  structure.  

In  this  photo  we  can  see  two  timber  beams.  These  beams  are  vertically  positioned  and  joined  together  with  a  horizontal  metal  beam.  This  beam  is  the  main  support  of  the  steal  framing  that  lies  on  top  of  it.      

3.  Union  house  

Skeletal   Steal  cables  for  aesthetic  appeal.  use  of  different  types  of  steals.    

Steal  cables-­‐  pin  joints,  stairs  are  braced  by  fixed  joints  

Stainless  steal,  aluminum,  galvanized  steal  

Expressed   Pin  joint  to  support  constant  dynamic  loads  Fixed  joint  between  beam  and  column.    

 1. Fixed  joint  –  the  use  of  this  is  unknown.  

It  is  either  acting  a  weight  bearing  support  for  the  structure  or  is  an  allusion  for  support  and  is  not  load  bearing.  

 2. Beams:  aesthetic  feature,  creates  the  

allusion  that  the  stairs  are  hanging.    

1.  

4.  North  court  

Membrane    Evidence  of  hybrid  system  in  the  steal  ring.  

Held  in  tension,  Holes  for  drainage  

Steel  rods  anchor  the  membrane  structure  to  the  ground  when  impacted  with  dynamic  load  Eg)  wind  Supporting  columns  Steal  cables  with  pin  joints  

Stainless  steal  cabling,  plasticized  hessian  (SPF  resistant,  composite  materials)  Steal  ring  acts  as  reinforcement  

Expressed   Pin  joints  connected  membrane  to  outside  columns.  

 1. When  the  dynamic  load  (wind)  is  not  

present  the  wire  cables  are  relatively  loose,  however  when  wind  is  present  the  cables  are  held  in  tension.      

2. Open  hole:  provides  light  and  allows  for  drainage.  

 3. Held  in  tension  by  steel  cables,  joint  by  

a  pin  joint  and  supported  with  concrete  columns.  

5.  Swimming  pool  

Portal  frame  Enclosure  system:  back  brick  wall  and  glass  windows.  

Salt,  water,  erosion,  heat  are  major  issues  to  consider,  columns  act  independent  from  the  structure,  piping  acting  as  inspection  points    

Fixed.  Loads  transferred  from  the  roof  into  the  steal  columns  

Bricks,  powered  coated  steel,  aggregate  concrete,  aluminum,  glass,  piping.  

Concealed   Glass  and  frame  only  holding  self-­‐load.  Bricks  not  load  bearing.  

 1. Simplistic  building  =  attention  to  fine  

detail  that  ensures  the  building  function  correctly.    Eg)  the  concrete  under  the  window  structure  is  extremely  important,  as  it  is  load  bearing.  It  ensures  the  building  is  waterproof.  Also  acting  as  a  main  point  of  connection  to  which  the  columns  connect.  

 Glass  framework,  brick:  is  part  of  the  enclosure  system.    White  columns  and  roof:  load-­‐bearing  system.                Evidence  of  Waterproofing  system  

6.  Oval  pavilion  

Timber  stud  framing  

Two  parts:  existing  building  +  new  development.  To  expand  foundations  have  to  considered  conservation  of  pre-­‐existing  structure.  Spacing  of  stumps  indicate  next  layers  width  

Issue  with  joining  to  buildings  together,  different  structural  systems,  underpinned  structure,  concrete  stumps  leading  down  to  a  pad.    

Timber  (old  and  new)    Steal,  aluminum,  concrete,  vapor  barrier    

Concealed  –  new  development      Expressed  –  old  structure    

Expansion  joints,    Joints  are  concealed  within  the  enclosure  system.  

         Evident  from  the  restored  building  +  the  extension,  underpinning  would  have  taken  place.      Evidence  of  support  structure:  timber  footings,  suggesting  pad  footings.    

7.  Architecture  building  

Recessed  steel  framing  Structural  steel  trussing  (tension  rods)    

Steal  framing,  insitu  concrete  cast  columns.  Slab  enclosure  system.  Pre-­‐existing  façade-­‐  push-­‐pull  support  Larger  cantilever  

Pad  footings,  raft  slab  footings.    Stich  plates  to  connect  walls.  Reinforcing  cages  Roof  beams    

External  steel  (galvanized)  Pre-­‐cast/insitu/  sprayed/polished  concrete    Acoustic  tiles  Double  glazed  glass  Timber  +  plywood    

Concealed  structural  systems,  Exposed  in  some  areas  

Fixed  for  pre-­‐cast  columns  and  stich  plates.  

   Exposed  support  system  for  aesthetics        Precast  concrete  slabs  (enclosure  system  only)                          

Timber  LVL  beams            Plywood:    

8.  Old  geology  south  

Steal  framing   Malians  (vertical)  Transnet  (horizontal)  

  Brick  (enclosure  system)  Stainless  steal,  glass  

Concealed   Fixed  joints  

 Brick  veneer:  not  part  of  structural  system    Window  frame:  load  bearing  structure,  support  the  base  of  the  cantilever.                                        

  Malians  present  (transient)    Vertical  panels  in  windows  

9.  Sydney  Myer  lawn  

Steal  framing   Unbalanced  and  counter  balanced  system  at  ground  level.  Supporting  berth,  perforated  

Fixed  joints,  each  element  supporting  each  other.  Footings  accommodate  building  underneath.  (2  purposes)      

Timber,  concrete,  steal,  natural  mahogany  

Expressed   Fixed  joints  as  provides  shelter  to  people.  

                   Use  of  multiple  structural  materials  for  both  structural  and  aesthetic  approach.  In  this  photo  the  use  of  the  concrete  block  acts  as  structural  support  for  the  timber  (melogomay)  roofing.    

                       Lecture  theatre  below  meaning  structure  acts  as  footings  and  foundation  for  the  room  below.          

           Open  aired  structure,  categorized  as  pavilion  

10.  Lot  6  

Concrete  framing   Constructed  insitu  à  due  to  space  constraints.  Built  upwards  through  under  ground  basement.    

Fixed.  Concrete  columns  fixed  and  load  bearing.  Windows  framing  is  only  self-­‐load.  

Concrete  columns  built  insitu,  glazed  glass,  stainless  steal  

Clearly  identified  systems  and  structures.  However  structural  system  is  concealed  

Uniform  structure.  Fixed  joints  as  much  as  visible.  

-­‐  Concrete  columns  and  beam  are  part  of  the  enclosure  system.  Structural  support  is  made  form  steel  framing  and  is  concealed  behind  the  columns  and  glazed  glass  

Load  paths.