LIST OF DRUGS (PHARMACOLOGY) TYPE NAME M/A @ CHARS EFFECTS BAD EFFECTS CONTRAINDICATION Commonly used anti-hypertensive drug Diuretic Loop (renal insufficiency) Thiazide ( normal renal) -thiazides -amiloride/ hydrochlorothiazide -Indapamine SR -Indapamine -Triamterene/ hydrochlorothiazide -Can be used alone or Combination with ACEI, ARB, b-blockers & CCB Antihypertensive Lower BP Decrease preload ~ reduce circulating volume High dose~ -Serum cholesterol , glucose, uric acid & Ca levels -Decrease K, Na & Mg levels -Erectile dysfunction *patient with gout *renal insufficiency Calcium Channel Blockers (CCB) - Nifedipine - Verapamil - Diltiazem Decreasing of intracellular availability of Ca2+ Smooth muscle relaxation Vasodilator action -initial tachycardia -hypotension --headache -flushing -ankle oedema -nausea -constipation Use of sublingual nifedipine b- blocker (-lol) ~ propanolol Inhibit adrenergic (adrenalin=NE/E) response ~means block sympathetic act. -Decrease heart rate -Reduce rennin release -local anasthetics Bradycardia Heart block Peripheral vascular disease Sick-sinus syndrome Asthma/COPD Enhance coronary artery disease tiredness Patient with Impaired CHO tolerance in prediabetic patients Partial & complete heart block ACE inhibitors (pine/verapamil) - Amlodipine - Diltiazem - Felodipine - Isradipine - Lacidipine - Nicardipine - Nifedipine - verapamil Cause arteriolar and venodilation Lowering BP -cough -angioedema -increase foetal n neonatal mortality -renovascular disease - pregnant mother Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) (-tan) -losartan -candesartan -irbesartan -Block only thromboxane A2 receptor, -Block action of A-II (vasoconstricyion, central & peripheral sympathetic stimulation, relez of aldosterone, salt n water reabsortion, vasopressin relez) Lowering BP hypotension hypokalemia headache dizziness weakness pregnancy Anti-anginal drug (stable angina/angina pectoris: unstable angina: variant angina) Angina pectoris: coronary blood flow inadequate to meet myocardial oxygen demand Result from: artherosclerosis & spasm of coronary artery Nitrates Short acting: -Nitroglycerine Long acting: Venodilator/ vasodilator
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