-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 106 107 TR 2/° -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 101 102 103 TR 1/dB TR1:M ag(G ain) 10 5 10 6 10 7 f/H z -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 102 103 104 105 106 107 TR 1/dB f/H z TR 1:M ag(Im pedance) TR1(M em ory):M ag(Im pedance) -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 103 104 105 106 107 TR 1/dB f/H z TR 1:M ag(G ain) High Fidelity Measurement 1 sim_phase 2 sim_gain 3 bench_gain 4 bench_phase 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M eg frequency in hertz -360 -180 0 180 360 bench_phase,sim _phase in degrees -80.0 -40.0 0 40.0 80.0 bench_gain,sim_gain in dB P lot1 1 2 3 4 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 102 103 104 105 106 107 T R 1/dB f/H z TR 1:M ag(Im pedance) Bode Output Impedance Filter Stability Step Load Extracted Phase Margin PSRR Crosstalk Reverse Transfer Components with DC Bias Copyright © 2011 Picotest.com All Rights Reserved
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Intro to high fidelity measurement
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8.0
8.5
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102 103 104 105 106 107
TR
1/d
B TR
2/°
f/HzTR1: Mag(Impedance) TR2: Phase(Impedance)
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B
f/HzTR1: Mag(Gain)
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TR
1/d
B
f/HzTR1: Mag(Gain)
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102 103 104 105 106 107
TR
1/d
B
f/HzTR1: Mag(Impedance) TR1(Memory): Mag(Impedance)
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TR
1/d
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f/HzTR1: Mag(Gain)
High Fidelity Measurement
1 sim_phase 2 sim_gain 3 bench_gain 4 bench_phase
10 100 1k 10k 100k 1Megfrequency in hertz
-360
-180
0
180
360
benc
h_ph
ase,
sim
_pha
se in
deg
rees
-80.0
-40.0
0
40.0
80.0
benc
h_ga
in,
sim
_gai
n in
dB
Plo
t1
1
2
3
4
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-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
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25
30
102 103 104 105 106 107
TR
1/d
B
f/HzTR1: Mag(Impedance)
Bode Output Impedance Filter Stability Step Load Extracted Phase Margin
PSRR Crosstalk Reverse Transfer Components with DC Bias
Copyright © 2011 Picotest.comAll Rights Reserved
Why we NEED to make the measurements
Copyright © 2011 Picotest.comAll Rights Reserved
1001000
10000
100000
1000000
100000000
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
13 Degrees41 Degrees74 Deg67Deg
Frequency (Hz)
PSRR
(dB)
1001000
10000
100000
1000000
10000000
100000000-80-70-60-50-40-30-20-10
01020
13 Degrees67 Degrees41 Degrees71 Degrees
Frequency (Hz)Re
vers
e Tr
ansf
er (d
B)
Many performance characteristics are severely degraded by poor phase margin
Copyright © 2011 Picotest.comAll Rights Reserved
Complete Characteristics of Voltage RegulatorVoltage
Regulation
Dropout
Tempco
Step Load
Output Z
Crosstalk
Stability
PSRR
Input Z
ReverseTransfer
Filter Stability
Ripple &Noise
DUT
Time Domain vs. Frequency Domain
• Ripple and Noise / Jitter
• Step Load Response
• Turn-On, Softstart
• Fault Recovery
• Sequencing
• Glitch search
• Poor Sensitivity 10mV-20mV
• Gain/Phase Stability
• PSRR
• Crosstalk
• Reverse transfer
• Filter Attenuation (i.e. EMI)
• Components (impedance and Q)
• 1uV-2uV sensitivity
• Output Impedance
Time Domain Freq Domain
Copyright © 2011 Picotest.comAll Rights Reserved
Picotest J2100 Series Injectors
• J2100A 1Hz-5MHz Injection Transformer
• J2101A 10Hz-45MHz Injection Transformer
• J2110A DC-50MHz Voltage Injector
• J2111A DC-40MHz Current Injector
• J2120A Line Injector
• J2130A DC Bias Injector
• J2140A Cascadable Attenuators
Copyright © 2011 Picotest.comAll Rights Reserved
OMICRON-Labs Bode 100
– All in one:• Vector Network Analyzer• Impedance Analyzer• Gain Phase Meter• Sine wave Generator
– Frequency range:• 1 Hz – 40 MHz
Copyright © 2010 Picotest.comAll Rights Reserved
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-10
100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107TR
1/dB
f/HzTR1: Mag(Gain)
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-25
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0
101 102 103 104 105 106 107
TR1/d
B
f/HzTR1: Mag(Gain)
J2100A J2101A
• 23 Octave Ultra wideband Transformers• Specially annealed amorphous crystal core for outstanding low frequency
performance
J2100A and J2101A Transformers Traditional Bode Plots - Stability
Copyright © 2010 Picotest.comAll Rights Reserved
=
Non-mixing input for Audio testing!
• DC-40MHz• Opamp Testing• Audio Testing• Very low distortion
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TR
1/dB
TR
2/°
f/HzTR1: Mag(Gain) TR2: Phase(Gain)
J21110A Solid Stage Voltage Injector Traditional Phase Margin
Copyright © 2011 Picotest.comAll Rights Reserved
J2110A Solid State Voltage Injector
J2110A vs. J2100A vs. BWIT
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TR
1/d
B TR
2/°
f/HzTR1: Mag(Gain) TR2: Phase(Gain)
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0
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101 102 103 104 105 106 107
TR
1/d
B TR
2/°
f/HzTR1: Mag(Gain) TR2: Phase(Gain)
• Lower Noise• Wider Bandwidth• Bode Plots
Omicron Lab Bwit
Picotest J2110A
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1/d
B TR
2/°
f/HzTR1: Mag(Gain) TR2: Phase(Gain)
Picotest J2100A
Copyright © 2011 Picotest.comAll Rights Reserved Confidential and Proprietary
J2111A Phase Margin ExtractionNon-Invasive Approach
Phase Margin without access to the control loopMiddlebrook Filter Stability
Copyright © 2010 Picotest.comAll Rights Reserved Confidential and Proprietary
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0
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102 103 104 105 106 107
TR
1/dB
f/HzTR1: Mag(Impedance)
• High Fidelity Bilateral Injector
J2111A Impedance/Step LoadSolid Stage Current Injector
20nSec Edge SpeedCopyright © 2010 Picotest.comAll Rights Reserved Confidential and Proprietary
J2111A Step Load Comparison
Step Load Transients
Low Resolution
High Resolution
Copyright © 2010 Picotest.comAll Rights Reserved
J2120A Line/PSRR Injector
Copyright © 2011 Picotest.comAll Rights Reserved
50
100
150
102 103 104 105 106 107
TR
1/d
B
f/HzTR1: Mag(Gain) TR1(Memory): Mag(Gain)
Ultra High PSRR Regulator Measurement and Noise Floor
J2140A Cascadable AttenuatorsThe #1 issue with Network Analyzer measurements is that the
oscillator signal is too large!
3.3V 50mA Voltage Regulator Bode
-37dBm and -20dBm injection
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f/HzTR1: Mag(Gain) TR1(Memory): Mag(Gain)
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R1
/dB
f/HzTR1: Mag(Gain) TR1(Memory): Mag(Gain)
-37dBm and -30dBm injection
See recent article atwww.picotest.com
“Why Network Analyzer Signal Levels Affect Measurement Results”
Copyright © 2011Picotest.comAll Rights Reserved
J2140A Cascadable AttenuatorIs often required for Bode plot
BODE 100 Shaped Level tames noiseKEEP SIGNALS SMALL!!
• Parameter extraction for Semiconductors• DC Blocking• Measure X5R capacitor vs. DC Bias• Measure Varactors
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TR1/
dB
f/HzTR1: Mag(Impedance) TR1(Memory): Mag(Impedance)
J2130A DC Bias Injector
Copyright © 2011 Picotest.comAll Rights Reserved
Application Notes
Copyright © 2011 Picotest.comAll Rights Reserved
https://www.picotest.com/blog Application Notes for
•Optocouplers•References•Regulators•Battery Impedance•Diodes•Non-invasive stability•Reverse Transfer•Output Impedance•PSRR•Crosstalk•ESL•Measuring Regulator Noise•Mosfet
…And MORE
VRTS Test Standard
Copyright © 2011 Picotest.comAll Rights Reserved
• Step-by-Step• Measurement-by-
Measurement• Hands on learning• Establishes a Test
standard for voltage regulator testing
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