Life span chapter 13 & 14

Chapter 13 & 14Chapter 13 & 14

Chapter 13: Physical & Cognitive Chapter 13: Physical & Cognitive Development in Middle AdulthoodDevelopment in Middle Adulthood

Chapter 14: Socioemotional Development Chapter 14: Socioemotional Development in in

Middle AdulthoodMiddle Adulthood40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

PowerPoints developed by Jenni Fauchier, PowerPoints developed by Jenni Fauchier, Butchered by Professor CarneyButchered by Professor Carney

40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

Changing MidlifeChanging Midlife Middle age starts later & lasts Middle age starts later & lasts

longerlonger 50 today…. 40’s a generation ago50 today…. 40’s a generation ago

Better shapeBetter shape More alertMore alert More productiveMore productive

Increasing % middle-aged & olderIncreasing % middle-aged & older Best-educated & most affluent Best-educated & most affluent

groupgroup

40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

Middle AdulthoodMiddle Adulthood

Middle adulthood:Middle adulthood: Declining physical skills Declining physical skills Increased responsibilityIncreased responsibility Less time leftLess time left Reach & maintain satisfaction in Reach & maintain satisfaction in

careercareer

40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

Physical ChangesPhysical Changes Visible signsVisible signs

Skin begins:Skin begins: WrinkleWrinkle SagSag

Age spotsAge spots Graying hairGraying hair

Desire to take control of aging processDesire to take control of aging process Plastic surgeryPlastic surgery BotoxBotox Weight controlWeight control VitaminsVitamins

40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

Height & WeightHeight & Weight

Lose height Lose height Many gain weightMany gain weight

Body fat makes up:Body fat makes up: 20% or more of weight in midlife20% or more of weight in midlife 10% in adolescence10% in adolescence 1/3 of adults 40 – 59 obese 1/3 of adults 40 – 59 obese

40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

Health IssuesHealth Issues Women 2x’s rate of Women 2x’s rate of

bone lossbone loss Bones break more easilyBones break more easily Heal more slowlyHeal more slowly

Need for glasses &/or Need for glasses &/or bifocalsbifocals Near vision decreasesNear vision decreases

Health IssuesHealth Issues

Hearing declinesHearing declines Sensitivity to high pitches Sensitivity to high pitches decreasesdecreases

Men lose sensitivity earlierMen lose sensitivity earlierExposure to occupational Exposure to occupational noisenoise

40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

SleepSleep 40’s40’s

More wakeful periodsMore wakeful periods Less deepest sleepLess deepest sleep

Feel less restedFeel less rested Sleep problems more common Sleep problems more common

for:for: Higher # of prescriptionsHigher # of prescriptions Higher # of nonprescription Higher # of nonprescription ObeseObese DepressedDepressed Cardiovascular diseaseCardiovascular disease

40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

Chronic DisordersChronic Disorders

Chronic disorders rare in early Chronic disorders rare in early adulthoodadulthood

40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

Hormonal ChangesHormonal Changes Women Women

MenopauseMenopause Menstrual periods ceaseMenstrual periods cease PerimenopausePerimenopause

Transitional period Transitional period Normal menstrual to noneNormal menstrual to none

Side effects varySide effects vary Cross cultural studies reveal Cross cultural studies reveal

wide variationswide variations

40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

Hormonal ChangesHormonal Changes Men Men

Most do not lose ability to Most do not lose ability to fatherfather

Small decline in:Small decline in: Sexual hormone levelSexual hormone level Sexual activitySexual activity

““Male menopause” Male menopause” Psychological adjustment to overall Psychological adjustment to overall

decline decline Probably not due to hormonal change Probably not due to hormonal change

Most erectile dysfunctionsMost erectile dysfunctions Physiological problemsPhysiological problems Treatment focused on drug therapyTreatment focused on drug therapy

40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

MemoryMemory

Some decline later in Some decline later in middle agemiddle age More time needed to learn More time needed to learn

new informationnew information Long-term memoryLong-term memory

Less reliableLess reliable More time to retrieve More time to retrieve informationinformation

Increase when strategies not Increase when strategies not usedused

40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

ExpertiseExpertise

Expertise in middle adulthoodExpertise in middle adulthood Having extensive, highly organized Having extensive, highly organized

knowledge & understanding in a knowledge & understanding in a particular domainparticular domain Result of many years ofResult of many years of

ExperienceExperience LearningLearning EffortEffort

Chapter 14Chapter 14

Socioemotional Development in Socioemotional Development in Middle AdulthoodMiddle Adulthood

40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

PowerPoints developed by Jenni Fauchier, PowerPoints developed by Jenni Fauchier, Butchered by Professor CarneyButchered by Professor Carney

40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

Vailliant’s “Grant Study”Vailliant’s “Grant Study”

MidlifeMidlife Time of reassessingTime of reassessing Recalling truth about adolescence & Recalling truth about adolescence &

adulthoodadulthood MinorityMinority of adults experience a of adults experience a

crisis in midlifecrisis in midlife

40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

Stress in MidlifeStress in Midlife

Experience fewer stressors Experience fewer stressors cannot controlcannot control

Frequent stressorFrequent stressor Interpersonal tensionInterpersonal tension““crossover stressors”crossover stressors”

Simultaneous demands of Simultaneous demands of multiple rolesmultiple roles

40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

Stability & ChangeStability & Change

Personality traitsPersonality traits NOT fixed at a certain ageNOT fixed at a certain age

Cumulative personality modelCumulative personality model Over time people become more Over time people become more

adept: adept: Interacting with their environment to Interacting with their environment to

promote stabilitypromote stability

Some change more than othersSome change more than others

40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

Divorce in middle adulthoodDivorce in middle adulthood

couples may be alienated & avoidantcouples may be alienated & avoidant lacking laughter, love, & interest in one lacking laughter, love, & interest in one

another another divorce may be more positive in some divorce may be more positive in some

ways & more negative in othersways & more negative in others + often more resources+ often more resources + children less “damaged” & can cope better+ children less “damaged” & can cope better minus -- may be seen as personal failure or as minus -- may be seen as personal failure or as

betrayalbetrayal

Close RelationshipsClose Relationships

40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

Close RelationshipsClose Relationships

Love & MarriageLove & Marriage affectionate, companionate love affectionate, companionate love

increases in middle adulthoodincreases in middle adulthood security, loyalty, & mutual security, loyalty, & mutual

emotional interest become more emotional interest become more importantimportant

even difficult marriages become better even difficult marriages become better adjusted in middle adulthoodadjusted in middle adulthood

married people express satisfactionmarried people express satisfaction

40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

Empty NestEmpty Nest Empty nest syndromeEmpty nest syndrome

Decline in marital satisfaction after children leave Decline in marital satisfaction after children leave homehome

Time to pursue other interests, career, & each Time to pursue other interests, career, & each otherother

Refilling of the nestRefilling of the nest Young adult children return homeYoung adult children return home

Save moneySave money Recover from career set-backRecover from career set-back

PermaparentingPermaparenting Reluctance to let go of adult childrenReluctance to let go of adult children

Parents continue to provide emotional &/or Parents continue to provide emotional &/or financial supportfinancial support

40’s - 50’s40’s - 50’s

Class ExerciseClass Exercise

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