Liam Earney, Jisc #RLUK14

An Update on Negotiations for APCs

Liam Earney, Jisc

18/12/2014 2

Good morning

» Background

› The challenge facing UK universities

› The situation in late 2013

» The evolving negotiation environment in 2014

» The situation in late 2014

» Requirements for the future

The challenge facing us

» UK HEIs create significant number of OA articles as a result of UK policies

» OA is expanding its scope, scale and reach

› However, progress is lumpy—fast in some areas, slower in others

» There will be minimal impact on global subscription levels for hybrid journals from UK APCs

» Total cost of journals system to UK universities will increase

» RCUK and other funding will only cover part of the cost for some of the future

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Jisc Collections and APCs

» Two distinct issues

1. The cost of APCs in pure and hybrid gold OA journals

2. The combined cost of APCs and subscriptions in hybrid journals

– “Total cost of ownership”

» We targeted number 2 first

Exponential rise in Combined Costs

£0

£10,000

£20,000

£30,000

£40,000

£50,000

£60,000

£70,000

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

APCs

Subscription

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The situation in late 2013

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Working with academic institutions

The situation in late 2013

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» We don’t double dip

» You have no mandate to negotiate on this

» There is no connection between subscriptions and APC –they are different service

» You have no data to prove this is an issue

Early discussions with publishers…

The evolving environment in 2014

» Strategy for 2014

› Build and communicate our mandate for action

› Collect data on current APC spend and use it for modelling

› Work with community to understand desired models

› Work with publishers (informally?) on possible models

› Secure exemplar offsetting agreements

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A rapidly evolving situation in 2014

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Willetts Open Letter

» The Government “….looks to the publishing industry to develop innovative and sustainable solutions“ :

› “….a meaningful proportion of an institution's total [article processing charges] with a publisher to be offset against total subscription payments with that publisher".

» "Government welcomes efforts by Jisc Collections to develop sustainable funding models that establish a relationship between the payment of APCs (and the costs of administering them) and subscription fees for an institution.“

Letter from Rt Hon David Willetts MP to Dame Janet Finch, 23 January 2014

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Further Support for Jisc Collections

» RLUK paper, “Fair Prices for Article Processing Charges in Hybrid Journals”

» Prioritisation of OA by Jisc Board

» Recommendations from Review of NESLi2

› “vigorously pursue its TCO project, and activate negotiations to include APCs as soon as possible”

The impact of the data

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380 468 566

2364

5958

£0

£2,000,000

£4,000,000

£6,000,000

£8,000,000

£10,000,000

£12,000,000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Tota

l AP

C e

xpen

dit

ure

fo

r 2

4 U

K H

EIs

Total APC expenditure 2010–14

2014 figures are estimates

Exponential growth …

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£0

£500,000

£1,000,000

£1,500,000

£2,000,000

£2,500,000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

To

tal A

PC

exp

end

itu

re f

or

24

UK

HE

Is

Total APC expenditure 2010–14

BMJ ACS CUP Elsevier Nature OUP Springer Taylor & Francis Wiley PLOS

39 51 66

401

1296

(500,000.00)

-

500,000.00

1,000,000.00

1,500,000.00

2,000,000.00

2,500,000.00

3,000,000.00

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

5 923

76

162

(50,000.00)

-

50,000.00

100,000.00

150,000.00

200,000.00

250,000.00

300,000.00

350,000.00

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

14 23 34

99

252

(100,000.00)

-

100,000.00

200,000.00

300,000.00

400,000.00

500,000.00

600,000.00

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

90 91 108

492

1200

(500,000.00)

-

500,000.00

1,000,000.00

1,500,000.00

2,000,000.00

2,500,000.00

3,000,000.00

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Elsevier - total APC cost

8 13 14

94

144

(100,000.00)

-

100,000.00

200,000.00

300,000.00

400,000.00

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Nature - total APC cost

40 35 51

173

300

(200,000.00)

-

200,000.00

400,000.00

600,000.00

800,000.00

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Oxford University Press - total APC cost

8 12 16

75

228

(100,000.00)

-

100,000.00

200,000.00

300,000.00

400,000.00

500,000.00

600,000.00

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

416 11

68

198

(100,000.00)

(50,000.00)

-

50,000.00

100,000.00

150,000.00

200,000.00

250,000.00

300,000.00

350,000.00

400,000.00

450,000.00

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

3 27

21

54

(20,000.00)

-

20,000.00

40,000.00

60,000.00

80,000.00

100,000.00

120,000.00

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Offset system

» We also modelled a number of offset systems:

› Vouchers based on subscription spend – to be spent of APCs

› Credits against spend on APCs against subscriptions

› Capped extra payment for unlimited APCs

Effectiveness varies depending on the nature of the publisher

Must be able to administrate

Agnostic on which offset model is implemented – as long as we have one!

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The situation in late 2014

» Early successes with Sage and the RLUK agreement with IoPP

» Wiley – credits on APCs based on total expenditure on journals and APCs

» T&F – vouchers equivalent to 75% of APC value. Number of vouchers based on expenditure

» Springer – new model under negotiation – potentially transformative

» Elsevier – an offset proposal has been promised…

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Much remains to be done

» Pursue publishers that have not engaged on offsetting› University presses and professional associations› A number of negotiations are still ongoing

» Commission with RLUK & SCONUL cost allocation mechanisms for alternative models

» Review of offsetting schemes› These are all pilots› Have we lowered average APC prices for UK institutions?

» Promotion of offsetting schemes to authors

» Compliance› Author’s Accepted Manuscript

» Administrative efficiency and reduction of transaction costs› ORCID, FundRef

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18/12/2014 Jisc Collections & the Total Cost of Ownership 18

Thank you