Leveraging Information Technology and Telecommunications for Crisis Management Invited Talk to The Workshop on Crisis Response University of California,

Leveraging Information Technology and

Telecommunications for Crisis Management

Invited Talk to

The Workshop on Crisis Response

University of California, Irvine

March 19, 2002Dr. Larry Smarr

Director, California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technologies

Professor, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering

Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD

IT and Telecomm are the Key Technologies for Crisis Management

• How Do We Know:– The Detailed Current State of the System NOW?– What the Future Evolution of the Situation is Likely to Be?

• How Can We Achieve:– An Overall Situational Awareness?– A Common Operational Picture?

• How Do We Communicate With:– Crisis Managers?– First Responders?

• How Can We Decide:– Which Problem to Attack First?– Which Assets Should Be Deployed Where and When?

How Can the “Future Internet” Enhance Capabilities for Emergency Preparedness?

• Enabled by Expansion of Internet Infrastructure– Wireless Extends Coverage Everywhere– Optical Backbone Provides High Bandwidth– New Generation of Sensors and Receivers

• Three Tier System– Wireless SensorNets Brings Data to Repositories– Collaborative Crisis Management Data Centers– Remote Wireless Devices Interrogate Databases

• Building a “Living-in-the-Future” Laboratory– UCSD, UCI, and SDSU Campuses– San Diego, Orange County, Cross Border– Collaboration with City, County, and State Govts.

Cal-(IT)2 Has an Emerging Focus on Homeland Security

• UCSD Chancellor is Leading Campus-wide Discussions• UCI Has Submitted ITR on Crisis Management• Cal-(IT)2 Meetings with SD County, Cal OES, SPAWAR, SAIC

– System Integrate Early Warning Systems– Developing MEMS to Nano Wireless Chem/BioSensors

– Set up Prototype Distributed Disaster Response System– High Tech Coast GIS coupled to XML Mediation

– Medical Record Distributed Database as Early Project– Ubiquitous Connectivity Expanded to First Responders

A Layered Software Architecture is Needed for Defense and Civilian Applications

www.ndia-sd.org/docs/NDIA_20June00.pdf

SPAWARSystemsCenter

San Diego

Cal-(IT)2 -- An Integrated Approach to Research on the Future of the Internet

www.calit2.net

220 UCSD & UCI FacultyWorking in Multidisciplinary Teams

With Students, Industry, and the Community

Over Fifty Industrial Partners

Building “Living Laboratories”

• Extend Research Outside of Building• Using the Internet to Create Laboratories• Students, Faculty, and Industry• In Partnership with Surrounding Communities

• Focus on Dual Use for Crisis Management – Civil Infrastructure– California Water System– Transportation

Using Students to Invent the Futureof Widespread Use of Wireless Pocket PCs

• Year- Long “Living Laboratory” Experiment 2001-02– Computer Science & Engineering Undergraduates

– 500+ Wireless-Enabled HP Pocket PCs at UC San Diego – 50 Compaq Pocket PCs at UC Irvine

• Currently Using Local Area Network Wireless Internet• Experiments with Geo-location and Interactive Maps

Cal-(IT)2 Team: Bill Griswold, Gabriele Wienhausen, UCSD; Rajesh Gupta, UCI

UC San Diego

UC Irvine

The FCC Unlicensed Band Can be Used to Create a High Speed Wireless Backbone

• The High PerformanceWireless Research and Education Network

• A Cal-(IT)2

Academic Partner

• Enabling a Broad Set of Science Applications and Crisis Management

• Allows for Internet Deployment to Remote Locations

http://hpwren.ucsd.edu/topo.html

NSF FundedPI, Hans-Werner Braun, SDSC

Co-PI, Frank Vernon, SIO45mbps Duplex Backbone

HPWREN Project Demo of Fast Setup Wireless Internet for Crisis Response

http://hpwren.ucsd.edu/Presentations/HPWREN/Slide26.JPG

A Cal-(IT)2

Academic Partner

Cal-(IT)2 is Developing the Required Wireless Services Middleware

Real-TimeServices

Mobile Code

LocationAwareness

PowerControl Security

Wireless Services Interface

UCI WirelessInfrastructures

UCSD WirelessInfrastructures

Applications

J. Pasquale, UCSD, Cal-(IT)2

Data Management

Operating System Services are Needed for Power / Performance Management

• Management of Power and Performance – Efficient Way to Exchange Energy/Power Related Info

– Among Hardware / OS / Applications– Power-Aware API

Application

Power Aware API

Power Aware Middleware

POSIX PA-OSL

OperatingSystem

OperatingSystem

Modified OS Services

Hardware Abstraction Layer

PA-HAL

Hardware

Rajesh Gupta UCI, Cal-(IT)2

What is a SensorNet?

• Sensors – Physical, Chemical, Biological, Imaging,…

• Sensor Platform– Computing, Power, Storage, Radios, …

• Telecommunications Infrastructure– Wired, Wireless, Internet, …

• Sensor Arrays– Homogeneous, Inhomogeneous, Ad Hoc, …

• Layered Software

• Backend Data Systems

Low Power Biological, Chemical, Pollutant, Magnetic, Particulate Sensor Development

• Designed to Be Easily Manufactured– Can Be Chemically Modified to Be Specific – Compatible With Silicon Microfabrication Technologies

• Special Properties:– Low False Alarm Rate, Sensitive – Miniature, Portable, Lower Cost

• Target Markets: – Industrial Waste, Pollution Monitoring– Monitoring Public Spaces– Law Enforcement, First Responders, Medical Personnel

Handheld Nanosensor Device for Sarin Nerve Agent

Developed for DARPA Micro Unattended Ground Sensors program

Mike Sailor, UCSD Chemistry, Cal-(IT)2

Automobiles will Become SensorNet Platforms

• Campus Partnering for Implementation– UC Irvine’s Institution of Transportation Studies – UCSD Computer Vision and Robotics Research

• Caltrans ATMS Testbed + Cal-(IT)2 = ZEVNET – 50 Toyota Zero Emission Vehicles (ZEV)– Add GPS Tracking, Wireless Communications

Source: Will Recker, UCI

“Living Laboratory”

Maria Feng UCI Civil & Environmental Engineering

Real-Time Monitoring of BridgesThrough Wireless Internet SensorNets

Data-Loggers

Se

nso

r

LocalData Hub

ControlCenter

PC104

WirelessInternet

Se

nso

r

UC

I

Users

UC

SD

Cal

tra

ns

Workstation

Millions of Video Cameras Will Add Image Data Streams to the Net

• London Underground– Initially 25,000 Video Cameras– Expansion to 250,000 Possible– British Transport Police Switch to Any Camera in 1 Sec.

– Source: Telindus

• British CCTV System– Currently 2.5 Million CCTV Cameras Installed (NY Times)

– Average London Citizen is Seen by 300 Cameras Per Day

– Face Recognition Software Added in High Crime Areas

• Up to 6 Million Surveillance Cameras Across the USA in 5-7 Years– Privacy International Prediction

Experimenting with the Future -- Wireless Internet Video Cams & Robots

Computer Vision and Robotics Research LabMohan Trivedi, UCSD, Cal-(IT)2

Mobile Interactivity Avatar

Linked by 1xEV Cellular Internet

Useful for Quick Response

to Disasters

HOTLINKs for Damage Locations using GPS and Digital Photos on

GIS

Integrate Remote Reconnaissance with Satellite Imagery and Ground SensorNets

Maria Feng UCI Civil & Environmental Engineering

Sensornets—Real-Time Data• ROADNet• ActiveCampus• Health of Civil Infrastructure• AUTONET

Storage hardware

Database Systems, Grid Storage,Filesystems

Data Mining, Simulation Modeling, Analysis, Data Fusion

Web PortalCustomized to User Device

Knowledge-Based Integration Advanced Query Processing

Networked Storage (SAN)

Visualization

High speed networking

Data and Knowledge SystemsAre the Heart of Crisis Management

GIS Based Crisis Management Software Tools--SAIC’s Consequences Assessment Tool Set (CATS)

• Prediction of Disaster Evolution– Hurricane, Earthquake, Terror

• Casualty Distribution Probabilities• Response Management

Source: SAIC

CATS California Governmental Users

• Burbank Fire Department

• Chino Valey Independent Fire District

• City of Anaheim

• City of Bakersfield Fire Department

• Colton Police Department

• Fremont Fire Department

• Kern County Fire Dept

• Idyllwild Fire Protection District

• Kings County Fire Department

• Livermore-Pleasanton Fire Department

• Marin County Fire Department

• Metro Water District of Southern CA

• Red Bluff Police Department

• Sacramento Reg. Fire/EMS Comm Center

• San Bernardino County Sheriff’s Depart.

• San Bernardino Valley Municipal Water District

• San Diego County of Environmental Health

• San Diego County Health and Human Services

• San Diego County Office of Disaster Preparedness

• San Diego Fire and Life Safety Services

• San Diego Police Department

• Shasta County Sherrif

• Yuba City Fire Department

Data Mining Across Agency Stovepipes Is an Essential Next Step

CRIMINALJUSTICE

EMERGENCYRESPONSE

PUBLICHEALTH

SECURITY

INTEGRATEDINTELLIGENCE

SYSTEM

Local

State

Federal

INFORMATIONSOURCES

Cal-(IT)2 is Partnering With SAIC and Campuses On Emergency Preparedness Plan

Multi-Sensor Data Fusion Control Rooms Will Integrate SensorNets with Legacy Data

• Integrate– Situational Awareness– Common Operational Picture– Local Data Warehouse with Remote Data Access– AI Data Mining of Distributed Databases– Spatial Data Analysis – Consequences Assessment Tool Set

Source: Panoram Technologies

Developing Optically Linked Distributed Analysis, Command, & Control Centers

• Driven by Data-Intensive Applications– Real Time Seismic – Emergency Response– Medical Imaging

• Linked UCSD and SDSU– Dedication March 4, 2002

Linking Control Rooms

Cox, Panoram,SAIC, SGI, IBM,

TeraBurst NetworksSD Telecom Council

Next Step is to Create a SoCal Optical Experimental Network

UCSB

UCLA

UCI

Op AmpOp Amp

Velocita, Santa Ana

818 W 7th, LA

SDSC/UCSD

SPAWAR SDSU Carrier POP

Carrier Op Amp Site

SoCal XD Dark Fiber Logical Path

Metro rings

WAN Fiber

Campus MPOE

CalTech/JPL

USCOp Amp

Op Amp

Op Amp

Using the Internet to Link Multiple Sites into a Collaborative Interactive Visualization Space

Access Grid Lead-ArgonneNSF STARTAP Lead-UIC’s Elec. Vis. Lab

Access Grid is Being Used in Over a Hundred Sites