Lesson 9 Digestive System (Nelson p.94-99)misshoughton.net/Grade 10 Applied/spring 2017/Biology...Microsoft Word - LP9-0 Digestive System NOTES BLANK.docx Author Elizabeth Created

SNC2P1/PL – Biology Notes E. Wong Updated Sep 2016 Name: __________________________ Date: __________________

Lesson 9 Digest ive System (Nelson p.94-99)

• Organ system that

o __________________ and __________________ down food

o __________________ nutrients, and

o __________________________________ from the body

Learning Goals: A. I can explain the primary functions of the digestive system in animals. B. I can identify and explain all the parts of the digestive system, and their functions.

SNC2P1/PL – Biology Notes E. Wong Updated Sep 2016

The Digestive Tract • Includes ____________, ____________, ____________, ___________________,

_______________________, ____________ and ____________. • Lined with epithelial tissue containing goblet cells that

produce ___________________. • Mucus:

√ ____________ digestive tract from digestive chemicals. √ Allows material to _________________________ along

the tube Digestive Tract Functions

Mouth • Tongue & teeth __________ ___________ food into smaller pieces.

• Saliva (water + chemicals) √ ___________ food as you chew √ ___________ ___________ starch

Esophagus • A tube ___________ food from the mouth to the stomach.

• Muscles contract in a wavelike motion – ______________________ – moves the semi-liquid food.

Stomach • ___________ food & ___________ food with chemicals and acids.

• Contains digestive chemicals and ___________

Small Intestine

• _______________ of food happens in duodenum • _______________ of nutrients occurs • Chemicals from liver, pancreas, and gall

bladder are released here through small ducts

Large Intestine (colon)

• ___________ water, vitamins, and various salts from undigested food

Rectum • _______________ and __________ solid waste from colon until it is released

Anus • Solid wastes ____________ the body as feces

SNC2P1/PL – Biology Notes E. Wong Updated Sep 2016

The Accessory Organs

• Include ______________, _______________________, and __________________

Accessory Organ

Functions

Liver • __________________________ that helps break down fats in food • Make digestive chemicals

Gallbladder • __________________________ from the liver, and __________________ them into small intestine

Pancreas • __________________________ to control how glucose gets from the blood into body cells.

• Make digestive chemicals

SNC2P1/PL – Biology Notes E. Wong Updated Sep 2016

Diseases of Digestive System (Nelson p.129-131)

Some digestive illnesses are inherited, whereas other are caused by poor diet or hygiene.

1. Food Poisoning • Causes:

-­‐ Poisonous foods -­‐ Foods or water is contaminated with bacteria -­‐ Foods that have been improperly prepared,

cooked, or stored • Symptoms: Vomiting, stomach cramps, diarrhea,

dehydration, fever, sweating, shivering

2. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) • Causes:

-­‐ Unknown (for many people) -­‐ A problem with “good bacteria” (may be) -­‐ Immune system disorder

• Symptoms: stomachaches, bloating, gas, switch between constipation and diarrhea

3. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Colitis & Crohn’s disease

a) Colitis: large intestine becomes irritated and inflamed the lining of the bowel • Causes: Exact causes are not known (May be genetic,

diet, environment, overactive immune system) • Symptoms: diarrhea, blood in stool, abdominal pain &

cramping, fever & fatigue, loss of appetite and weight, dehydration, anemia

b) Crohn’s disease: small intestine (last part) becomes irritated and inflamed much deeper into the bowel wall • Causes: Exact causes are not known (May be genetic,

diet, environment, overactive immune system) • Symptoms: diarrhea, blood in stool, abdominal pain &

cramping, fever & fatigue, loss of appetite and weight, mouth sores