Digestive System Chapter 16 Section 2 Digestive Process Tuesday, May 17, 2011
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Digestive SystemChapter 16 Section 2
Digestive Process
Tuesday, May 17, 2011
Functions of Digestive System
Digestion is the process by which your body breaks down food into small nutrients molecules.
Food is broken into molecules the body can use. Such as proteins being broken down into amino acids. There are 2 types of digestion, Mechanical and Chemical.
In mechanical digestion food is physically broken into smaller pieces such as when you chew food. This increases surface area for digestion.
In chemical digestion food is broken down by chemicals in the body into smaller building blocks. Some of this takes place in the stomach as acid helps breaks down food.
The molecules are absorbed into the blood and carried throughout the body.
After the food is broken down absorption occurs. This is when the nutrients pass through the walls of your digestive system and into the bloodstream.
Materials not absorbed get eliminates as liquid or solid waste.
Tuesday, May 17, 2011
Mouth
Epiglottis
Organs of the Digestive System
• Mouth• Epiglottis• Salivary Glands• Esophagus• Stomach• Small Intestine• Large Intestine• Rectum• Anus• Liver • Gall bladder• Pancreas
Tuesday, May 17, 2011
Mouth
Carries out both mechanical and chemical digestion. Chewing is mechanical digestion. This increases the surface area which is then mixed with saliva. When saliva mixes with the food it is a form of chemical digestion.
Salivary glands produce saliva which helps to break down starches into sugars.
Saliva is an enzyme which are proteins that speed up a chemical reaction. The chemical in saliva is an enzyme
Tuesday, May 17, 2011
Esophagus
The Esophagus is a muscular tube that connects your mouth to your stomach.
Peristalsis is the involuntary waves of muscular contraction.
The epiglottis is a flap of tissue which prevents food from entering your windpipe. If food enters the windpipe choking occurs.
The esophagus is covered in mucus which is a thick slippery substance which makes food easier to swallow.
Tuesday, May 17, 2011
Stomach
When food leaves the esophagus it enters the stomach, j-shaped muscular pouch located in the abdomen.
Most mechanical digestion takes place in the stomach.
As mechanical digestion is taking place chemical digestion is happening too. The stomach churns and mixes food with digestive juices called hydrochloric acid and pepsin.
The stomach contains a mucus which prevents the acid in the stomach from burning a hole.
A hole is the stomach is called an ucler. Ulcers can form from factors such as stress.
Tuesday, May 17, 2011
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