Lesson 7

Lesson 7Elevators Ups and Downs

Vocabulary1. elevator (n.) [C] 電梯There should be at least one elevator if the apartment has more than five stories.

2. annual (adj.) (=yearly) 　一年一度的The Bluefin Tuna Cultural Festival is an annual event in Pingtung.

• elevate (vt.) 提升The purpose of education is to elevate the mind and bring out the best in a person.

Vocabulary3. building (n.) [C] 建築物Tony’s office is on the top floor of the building.

build (vt.) 建造 It took several years to build an undersea tunnel.

build a fire V.S. set a fire

Vocabulary4. invention (n.) [U] 發明The invention of the Internet has greatly affected the way people communicate.• invention (n.) [C] 發明物What do you think is the coolest invention in history?• invent (vt.) 發明Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.• inventor (n.) [C] 發明家Thomas Edison is among the greatest inventors in world history.

Vocabulary4. invention (n.) [U] 發明The invention of the Internet has greatly affected the way people communicate.• invention (n.) [C] 發明物What do you think is the coolest invention in history?• invent (vt.) 發明Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.• inventor (n.) [C] 發明家Thomas Edison is among the greatest inventors in world history.

Vocabulary5. practical (adj.) 實際的 <=> impractical (adj.) 不實際的Jack’s idea of going to work by taxi every day is not practical at all.

6. skyscraper (n.) [C] (=a high-rise) 摩天大樓Taipei 101 is the best-known skyscraper in Taiwan.

practically (adv.) 幾乎 ; 差不多 (=almost) Cooking is much easier than you think. Practically anyone can cook.

Vocabulary7. century (n.) [C] 一世紀；一百年Albert Einstein was voted Person of the 20th Century.

8. power (vt.) (usually passive) to give something the energy to move or work 　以⋯⋯為動力Some new cars are powered by electricity.• powerful (adj.) 充滿力量的；強的；有力的Sports cars are more powerful than common cars.

Vocabulary

• power (vt.) 以 ...... 為動力If cars can be powered by solar energy, air pollution will be greatly reduced. • power (n.) [U] ( 能源 ) 力 ; 力量 Knowledge is power.

• electric/water/nuclear power 電／水／核能• beyond one’s power 某人無能為力It is beyond my power to give you the help you are asking for. You have to ask someone else.

Vocabulary9. team n. [U] 蒸氣We know the water is boiling when steam is coming out of the pot. • steam (vt.) 蒸煮Before you steam the fish, don’t forget to put some salt and pepper on top.

Vocabulary10. electricity (n.) [U] 電Don’t waste electricity. When you leave the room, make sure you turn off all the lights.• electric (adj.) 電動的Using an electric fan is cheaper than using an air conditioner.• electronic (adj.) 電子的Hank’s dad bought him an electronic dictionary as a birthday gift.

electrician n. [C] 電工An electrician installs and fixes electrical equipment.

Vocabulary10. electricity (n.) [U] 電Don’t waste electricity. When you leave the room, make sure you turn off all the lights.• electric (adj.) 電動的 ( 用電力發動的 )Using an electric fan is cheaper than using an air conditioner.• electronic (adj.) 電子的 ( 與電子或電腦裝置相關的 )Hank’s dad bought him an electronic dictionary as a birthday gift.

electrician n. [C] 電工An electrician installs and fixes electrical equipment.

Vocabulary• electric (adj.) 電動的 ( 用電力發動的 )electric shockelectric chairelectric blanket

electronic (adj.) 電子的 ( 與電子或電腦裝置相關的 )electronic musicelectronic book =e-book electronic mail =e-mail

Vocabulary11. passenger (n.) [C] a person riding in a car, a bus, an airplane, an elevator, etc. 　乘客Luckily, no passengers were hurt in this car accident.

12. install (vt.) to put something in place so that it is ready for use 　安裝The engineer helped install new computers in our office.• installation (n.) [U] 安裝The installation of the new elevator will take three more days.

passenger(n.) 乘客 passer-by(n.) 路過的人 pedestrian(n.) 行人

Vocabulary13. story (n.) [C] 樓層The businessman made big money and bought a ten-story office building downtown.

14. spread (vi.) (vt.) (spread→spread→spread; spreading) to move outward; to send out in different directions 蔓延；擴散The fire spread quickly through the house and killed two people.It is wrong to spread incorrect information on the Internet.spread (n.) [U] 蔓延；擴散The spread of the disease is faster than we can imagine.

• spread like wildfire 迅速蔓延開來The rumor spread like wildfire.

Vocabulary13. story (n.) [C] 樓層The businessman made big money and bought a ten-story office building downtown.

14. spread (vi.) (vt.) (spread→spread→spread; spreading) to move outward; to send out in different directions 蔓延；擴散 ; 伸展 ; 塗抹The fire spread quickly through the house and killed two people.It is wrong to spread incorrect information on the Internet.spread (n.) [U] 蔓延；擴散The spread of the disease is faster than we can imagine.

Vocabulary15. nowadays (adv.) in modern times 　現今；時下Nowadays, more and more people ride their bikes to work.

16. frustrating (adj.) 令人挫折的；令人洩氣的Many teenagers find it frustrating to communicate with adults.• frustrated (adj.) 沮喪的Chuck felt frustrated because he couldn’t learn to play the piano well.• frustrate (vt.) 使（人）感到喪氣Being rejected by his client again frustrated the salesman.• frustration (n.) [U] 沮喪Fred felt deep frustration because he didn’t get into his dream college.

Vocabulary17. exit (vi.) (vt.) to go out of a place 　出去；離場The man quickly exited for fear that people might realize he didn’t tell the truth.The audience was led to exit the theater in a fire.exit (n.) [C] 出口 entrance (n.) 入口This plane has three emergency exits on each side.

18. concept (n.) [C] an abstract idea 　觀念；概念It took a long time for people to agree with the concept that the Earth is round.

Vocabulary19. limited (adj.) within a certain range 　有限的The world’s natural resources are very limited.• limit (vt.) 限制A lack of work experience will limit your chance to find a good job.• limit (n.) [C] 限制Don’t ever drive over the speed limit, or you’ll get a speeding ticket.The sky’s the limit.• limitation (n.) [C] 限制The students were unhappy that the school set limitations on the styles of their hair.

Vocabulary20. similar (adj.) almost the same 　相似的Ted’s new watch is very similar to yours.• similarity (n.) [C] 相似點Japanese noodles share some similarities to Chinese noodles.

21. express (adj.) fast; without unnecessary stops 快速的 ; 直達的Take the express highway, and you’ll save up to forty minutes.

• express (v.) 表達 It’s difficult for Jason to express himself in foreign language. • express (n.) [C, U] 快車 ; 快郵 ; 快遞This parcel needs to be sent by express.

• similarity (n.) 相似性

IDIOMS AND PHRASES1. rush hour. the time when many people are going to or returning from work or school 　交通尖峰時間It’s difficult to avoid traffic jams during rush hour.2. up to. as many as; as much as 　多達；高達There were up to 5,000 fans at the pop star’s concert last Saturday.3. rather than. not; instead of 　並非；而不是For breakfast, my father likes to have coffee rather than milk.

Examples1. The invention of the elevator has made

it possible for us to make practical use of skyscrapers.

2. The Internet makes it easy for people to share information.

課本句型Sentence pattern I.

I. S + make + it + adj. + (for sb.) + to VR

補充

It is + adj. + (for sb.) + to + VR... that + S + V...

It 為虛主詞，代替真正的主詞 to + VR 或 that 引導的名詞子句例：▪It is necessary for students to eat breakfast every day. ▪It is dangerous to drive in the heavy rain. ▪It is amazing that my grandfather can play games on his iPad.

1. 跟朋友們去露營是有趣的。→ _______________________________________________

2. 放送的氣氛讓跟朋友們去露營變得有趣。→ _______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

It is fun to go camping with friends.

The relaxing atmosphere makes it fun to go camping with friends.

補充

3. 像隻鳥一樣非是不可能的。→ _______________________________________________

4. 身體的限制讓像隻鳥一樣飛變得不可能。→ _______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

It is impossible to fly like a bird.

The limits of the human body make it impossible to fly like a bird.

PracticeComplete the sentences using “S + make + it + adj. + (for sb.) + to VR” and the key words given. The first one has been done for you.

課本練習

1. fire/impossible/the dancers/go on stage on time→ The fire has made it impossible for the dancers to go

on stage on time.

課本練習2. take sleeping pills/easier/Joe/fall asleep→________________________________

_______________________________3. Adam’s/sore throat/difficult/him/speak/last week→________________________________

________________________________4. the new bridge/convenient/the villagers/get to the other

side of the river→________________________________

________________________________________________________________

課本練習

5. the ABC song/easy/remember all the 26 English letters→________________________________

________________________________________________________________

6. the microwave oven/possible/cook a meal within seconds→________________________________

________________________________________________________________

Examples 1. Such useful inventions show how

small, creative changes can make life much more convenient.

2. The computer decided which floors each elevator would stop at.

3. Jane wanted to know when she could pick up her clothes.

課本句型Sentence Pattern II.

II. Noun Clause: wh- + S + V

1. wh- 疑問詞（ who, what, where, when, why, how, which ）引導名詞子句當動詞的「受詞」：

• Sophie and her family were trying to decide which movie they would watch tonight.此外， that 、 whether 和 if 所引導的名詞子句，也有類似的功用：

• Everyone knows that Kevin and Judy are a couple.• Do you know whether/if it will snow tomorrow?

補充

(1) 當 wh- 疑問詞本身就是主詞時，就維持原直述句的結構，不需要變換。 • Who got hurt in the accident?→ Do you know who got hurt in the accident?

(2) 當前後子句主詞相同時， wh- + to VR 可代替原先的 wh- + S + can/should/must + VR 子句，且具備以下功能：當主詞 • Where you can go depends on how much money

you have. → Where to go depends on how much money you

have.

補充

Practice AFill in the blanks with the correct wh-words.

課本練習

1. No one knows ____________ the old man lives.

2. You can ask the waiter ____________ today’s special is on the menu.

課本練習

3. Tell us ____________ you’ll be back. We’ll pick you up at the airport.

4. Most Westerners don’t know ____________ they should use chopsticks to eat.

5. The police want to know ____________ the man in black is.