Large-Scale Slope Erosion Testing (ASTM D 6459) of US Erosion Control Products’ US-2S, Double Net Straw Blanket over Loam June 2012 Submitted to : AASHTO/NTPEP 444 North Capitol Street, NW, Suite 249 Washington, D.C. 20001 Attn: Evan Rothblatt, NTPEP [email protected]Submitted by: TRI/Environmental, Inc. 9063 Bee Caves Road Austin, TX 78733 C. Joel Sprague Project Manager
49
Embed
Large-Scale Slope Erosion Testing (ASTM D 6459) of · 2016-04-22 · Large-Scale Slope Erosion Testing (ASTM D 6459) of US Erosion Control Products’ US-2S, Double Net Straw Blanket
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Soil Loss vs RUSLE R (Control Testing of TRI-Loam; 3:1 Slope)
Slope 1 - 10/29/09
Slope 2 - 8/17/09
Slope 3 - 10/29/09
Slope 1 - 4/16/10
Slope 2 - 4/16/10
Slope 3 - 4/8/10
Slope 1 - 4/21/10
Slope 2 - 4/23/10
Slope 3 - 4/23/10
Slope 1 - 8/6/10
Slope 2 - 8/6/10
Slope 3 - 8/6/10
Slope 1 - 11/3/10
Slope 2 - 11/3/10
Slope 3 - 11/3/10
Slope 3 - 3/22/11
Slope 1 - 6/16/11
Slope 2 - 6/16/11
Slope 3 - 6/16/11
Slope 1 - 12/15/11
Slope 2 - 12/15/11
Slope 3 - 12/16/11
Slope 1 - 1/25/12
Slope 2 - 1/25/12
Slope 3 - 1/25/12
Slope 1 - 4/30/12
Slope 2 - 4/30/12
Slope 3 - 4/30/12
all slopes
Linear (all slopes)
From RUSLE:A = R K LS C P
For Control: LS = 2.78; P = 1.0; C = 1.0K = (A/R) / 2.78 = m / 2.78K = 0.2351 / 2.78 = 0.085
The cummulative R-Factor calculated for the following events: 2 in/hr for 20 min + 4 in/hr for 20 min + 6 in/hr for 20 min, is R = 231 and the associated soil loss is 54.2 tons/acre
Figure 9. R-Factor vs. Soil Loss – Control Tests
US-2S, Double Net StrawBlanket, over Loam
Slope Erosion Testing for NTPEP
June 30, 2012
Appendix
APPENDIX A – RECORDED DATA
Test Record Sheets
Sediment Concentration Data
Runoff Data
Soil Moisture Content
Soil Loss Tables
# Time
Start Rain: 11:10 AM 1 11:13 XSampling
interval: 0:03 2 11:16 X
Rain Time (min): 20.00 Test Time (min): 20.00 3 11:19 X
Descr:. Double Net Straw Blanket 4 11:22 X
Anchors: 6 in Staples Anchorage: 1.2 / sy 5 11:25 X
6 11:28 X
wc1 = 19.5% 7
d = 17 mm 8
i = 2.01 in/hr P = 9 psi 9
10
x 11
B P = 9 psi X 10
x x 13
X P = 9 psi C x 14
x x 15
x D P = 9 psi X 10
x x 13
X P = 9 psi E x 14
x x 15
x F P = 9 psi X
x x
x P = 9 psi G x # Time
Time to Collect 1
gal, sec
X x 1 3 1020
x H P = 9 psi x 2
x X 3
x P = 9 psi I x 4
X x 5
X J P = 9 psi x 6
X 7
X 8
d = 19 mm 9
i = 17.00 in/hr Temp. 82 deg 10
wc3 = 18.1% Hum. 87 % 11
d = 17 in 10
i = 2.01 in/hr Average Depth: in. 13
wc2 = 17.3% Avg Rainfall Intensity: in/hr 14
15
10
13
14
15
Sediment Concentration Grab
Samples Followed by Runoff Rate
Measurements
Runoff Rate Measurements
TOP OF SLOPE
End Rain: 11:30 AM
(circle "x" for open valves)
End Runoff:
US-2S
A
DDRF Rainfall Testing
11:30 AM
x X x x
Roll#: 0000884
Date:
Product:
11-Jun-12
Set system pressure to 16
psi.
Notes:
0 mph breeze.
Approx 1 gal collected.
0.70
2.09
Slope #: 1 Target Rain: 2 in/hr
SLOPE #1
# Time
Start Rain: 1 11:38 XSampling
interval: 0:02 2 11:40 X
Rain Time (min): 20.00 Test Time (min): 23.00 3 11:42 X
Descr:. Double Net Straw Blanket 4 11:44 X
Anchors: 6 in Staples Anchorage: 1.2 / sy 5 11:46 X
6 11:48 X
wc1 = 19.5% 7 11:50 X
d = 33 mm 8 11:52 X
i = 3.90 in/hr P = 9 psi 9 11:54 X
10 11:56 X
X 11
B P = 9 psi X 10
X x 13
X P = 9 psi C x 14
x X 15
x D P = 9 psi X 10
X x 13
X P = 9 psi E x 14
x X 15
x F P = 9 psi X
x x
x P = 9 psi G x # Time
Time to Collect 1
gal, sec
X x 1 2 57
X H P = 9 psi x 2 4 17
x X 3 6 11
X P = 9 psi I X 4 8 10
X x 5 10 9
X J P = 9 psi X 6 12 9
X 7 14 9
X 8 16 9
d = 35 mm 9 18 9
i = 4.13 in/hr Temp. 85 deg 10 20 9
wc3 = 18.1% Hum. 88 % 11
d = 35 mm 10
i = 4.13 in/hr Average Depth: in. 13
wc2 = 17.3% Avg Rainfall Intensity: in/hr 14
15
10
13
14
15
(circle "x" for open valves)
X X x x
Runoff Rate Measurements
11:59 AM
A
DDRF Rainfall Testing
11-Jun-12
Roll#: 0000884
Product: US-2S
End Runoff:
TOP OF SLOPE
Set system pressure to 16
psi.
Sediment Concentration Grab
Samples Followed by Runoff Rate
Measurements
Date:
SLOPE #1
Slope #: 1 Target Rain: 4 in/hr
End Rain: 11:56 AM11:36 AM
Notes:
0 mph breeze. Approx 120 gal collected.
1.35
4.06
# Time
Start Rain: 12:03 PM 1 12:05 XSampling
interval: 0:02 2 12:07 X
Rain Time (min): 20.00 Test Time (min): 25.00 3 12:09 X
Descr:. Double Net Straw Blanket 4 12:11 X
Anchors: 6 in Staples Anchorage: 1.2 / sy 5 12:13 X
6 12:15 X
wc1 = 19.5% 7 12:17 X
d = 51 mm 8 12:19 X
i = 6.02 in/hr P = 9 psi 9 12:21 X
10 12:23 X
X 11
B P = 9 psi X 10
X X 13
X P = 9 psi C x 14
X X 15
x D P = 9 psi X 10
X X 13
X P = 9 psi E x 14
X X 15
x F P = 9 psi X
x X
X P = 9 psi G x # Time
Time to Collect 1
Gallon, sec
X x 1 2 8
X H P = 9 psi X 2 4 6
X X 3 6 7
X P = 9 psi I X 4 8 6
X X 5 10 6
X J P = 9 psi X 6 12 6
X 7 14 6
X 8 16 6
d = 52 mm 9 18 6
i = 6.14 in/hr Temp. 79 deg 10 20 5
wc3 = 18.1% Hum. 88 % 11
d = 52 mm 10
i = 6.14 in/hr Average Depth: in. 13
wc2 = 17.3% Avg Rainfall Intensity: in/hr 14
15
10
13
14
15
Notes:
0 mph breeze.
Approx 225 gal collected.
2.03
6.10
Runoff Rate Measurements
TOP OF SLOPE
End Rain: 12:23 PM
A
X X X x
(circle "x" for open valves)
12:28 PM
Sediment Concentration Grab
Samples Followed by Runoff Rate
Measurements
DDRF Rainfall Testing
Date: 11-Jun-12
Slope #: 1 Target Rain: 6 in/hr
SLOPE #1
Roll#:
End Runoff:
Product: US-2S
0000884
Set system pressure to 16
psi.
# Time
Start Rain: 12:30 PM 1 12:33 XSampling
interval: 0:03 2 12:36 X
Rain Time (min): 20.00 Test Time (min): 22.00 3 12:39 X
Descr:. Double Net Straw Blanket 4 12:42 X
Anchors: 6 in Staples Anchorage: 1.2 / sy 5 12:45 X
6 12:48 X
wc1 = 19.7% 7
d = 17 mm 8
i = 2.01 in/hr P = 9 psi 9
10
x 11
X P = 9 psi B 10
x x 13
x C P = 9 psi X 14
x x 15
X P = 9 psi D x 10
x x 13
x E P = 9 psi X 14
x x 15
X P = 9 psi F x
x x
x G P = 9 psi x # Time
Time to Collect 1
Gallon, sec
x X 1 3 720
x P = 9 psi H x 2 15 95
X x 3 18 55
x I P = 9 psi x 4
x X 5
x P = 9 psi J X 6
X 7
X 8
d = 20 mm 9
i = 2.36 in/hr Temp. 81 deg 10
wc2 = 17.3% Hum. 89 % 11
d = 17 mm 10
i = 2.01 in/hr Average Depth: in. 13
wc3 = 20.6% Avg Rainfall Intensity: in/hr 14
15
10
13
14
15
11-Jun-12
Set system pressure to 16
psi.
DDRF Rainfall Testing
Date:
SLOPE #2
12:52 PM
Product:
Roll#:
US-2S
0000886
x x X x
Notes:
0 mph breeze from the .
Approx 4 gal collected.
0.71
2.13
Sediment Concentration Grab
Samples Followed by Runoff Rate
Measurements
Runoff Rate Measurements
TOP OF SLOPE
End Rain: 12:50 PM
Slope #: 2
A
Target Rain: 2 in/hr
(circle "x" for open valves)
End Runoff:
# Time
Start Rain: 12:55 PM 1 12:57 XSampling
interval: 0:02 2 12:59 X
Rain Time (min): 20.00 Test Time (min): 24.00 3 13:01 X
Descr:. Double Net Straw Blanket 4 13:03 X
Anchors: 6 in Staples Anchorage: 1.2 / sy 5 13:05 X
6 13:07 X
wc1 = 19.7% 7 13:09 X
d = 38 mm P = 9 psi 8 13:11 X
i = 4.49 in/hr 9 13:13 X
X 10 13:15 X
X P = 9 psi B 11
x X 10
x C P = 9 psi X 13
X x 14
X P = 9 psi D x 15
x X 10
x E P = 9 psi X 13
x x 14
X P = 9 psi F x 15
X x
x G P = 9 psi X
x X # Time
Time to Collect 1
Gallon, sec
x P = 9 psi H x 1 2 17
X x 2 4 9
X I P = 9 psi X 3 6 10
x X 4 8 9
X P = 9 psi J X 5 10 9
X 6 12 9
X 7 14 9
d = 36 mm 8 16 8
i = 4.25 in/hr 9 18 10
wc2 = 17.3% Temp. 81 deg 10 20 10
d = 30 mm Hum. 89 % 11
i = 3.54 in/hr 10
wc3 = 20.6% Average Depth: in. 13
Avg Rainfall Intensity: in/hr 14
15
10
13
14
15
Runoff Rate Measurements
TOP OF SLOPE
End Rain: 1:15 PM
End Runoff: 1:19 PM
X X x xSet system pressure to 16
psi.
A
DDRF Rainfall Testing Sediment Concentration Grab
Samples Followed by Runoff Rate
Measurements
Date:
SLOPE #2
Slope #: 2 Target Rain: 4 in/hr
11-Jun-12
Roll#:
Product: US-2S
0000886
Notes:
0 mph breeze. Approx. 138 gal collected.
1.36
4.09
# Time
Start Rain: 1:19 PM 1 13:21 XSampling
interval: 0:02 2 13:23 X
Rain Time (min): 20.00 Test Time (min): 23.00 3 13:25 X
Descr:. Double Net Straw Blanket 4 13:27 X
Anchors: 6 in Staples Anchorage: 1.2 / sy 5 13:29 X
6 13:31 X
wc1 = 19.7% 7 13:33 X
d = 52 mm 8 13:35 X
i = 6.14 in/hr P = 9 psi 9 13:37 X
10 13:39 X
X 11
X P = 9 psi B 10
X X 13
x C P = 9 psi X 14
X X 15
X P = 9 psi D x 10
X X 13
x E P = 9 psi X 14
X X 15
X P = 9 psi F x
X x
x G P = 9 psi X # Time
Time to Collect 1
Gallon, sec
x X 1 2 7
X P = 9 psi H X 2 4 6
X X 3 6 6
X I P = 9 psi X 4 8 6
X X 5 10 6
X P = 9 psi J X 6 12 6
X 7 14 6
X 8 16 6
d = 51 mm 9 18 6
i = 6.02 in/hr Temp. 81 deg 10 20 5
wc2 = 17.3% Hum. 87 % 11
d = 50 mm 10
i = 5.91 in/hr Average Depth: in. 13
wc3 = 20.6% Avg Rainfall Intensity: in/hr 14
15
10
13
14
15
0000886
Sediment Concentration Grab
Samples Followed by Runoff Rate
Measurements
Runoff Rate Measurements
TOP OF SLOPE
End Rain: 1:39 PM
DDRF Rainfall Testing
Date:
Product:
Roll#:
Notes:
0 mph breeze.
Approx 215 gal collected.
2.01
6.02
X X X x
Set system pressure to 16
psi.
Slope #: 2 Target Rain: 6 in/hr
End Runoff: 1:42 PM
SLOPE #2
11-Jun-12
(circle "x" for open valves)
A
US-2S
# Time X
Start Rain: 1:48 PM 1 13:51 X
Sampling
interval: 0:03 2 13:54 X
Rain Time (min): 20.00 Test Time (min): 21.00 3 13:57 X
Descr:. Double Net Straw Blanket 4 14:00 X
Anchors: 6 in Staples Anchorage: 1.2 / sy 5 14:03 X
6 14:06 X
wc1 = 19.5% 7
d = 17.00 mm 8
i = 2.01 in/hr P = 9 psi 9
10
x 11
B P = 9 psi X 10
x x 13
X P = 9 psi C x 14
x x 15
x D P = 9 psi X 10
x x 13
X P = 9 psi E x 14
x x 15
x F P = 9 psi X
x x
x P = 9 psi G x # Time
Time to Collect 1
Gallon, sec
X x 1 3 900
x H P = 9 psi x 2 18 120
x X 3
x P = 9 psi I x 4
X x 5
X J P = 9 psi x 6
X 7
X 8
d = 17.00 mm 9
i = 2.01 in/hr * Temp. 83 deg 10
wc3 = 19.1% Hum. 84 % 11
d = 19.00 mm 10
i = 2.24 in/hr Average Depth: in. 13
wc2 = 21.2% Avg Rainfall Intensity: in/hr 14
15
11-Jun-12
US-2S
0000885
Notes:
0 mph breeze from the .
Approx 2 gal collected.
Roll#:
2.09
0.70
(circle "x" for open valves)
Sediment Concentration Grab
Samples Followed by Runoff Rate
Measurements
End Rain:
DDRF Rainfall Testing
Slope #: 3
Date:
Product:
SLOPE #3
Target Rain: 2 in/hr
Runoff Rate Measurements
2:08 PM
End Runoff: 2:09 PM
A
x X x x
TOP OF SLOPE
Set system pressure to 16
psi.
# Time
Start Rain: 1 14:15 XSampling
interval: 0:02 2 14:17 X
Rain Time (min): 20.00 Test Time (min): 23.00 3 14:19 X
Descr:. Double Net Straw Blanket 4 14:21 X
Anchors: 6 in Staples Anchorage: 1.2 / sy 5 14:23 X
6 14:25 X
wc1 = 19.5% 7 14:27 X
d = 31 mm 8 14:29 X
i = 3.66 in/hr P = 9 psi 9 14:31 X
10 14:33 X
X 11
B P = 9 psi X 10
X x 13
X P = 9 psi C x 14
x X 15
x D P = 9 psi X 10
X x 13
X P = 9 psi E x 14
x X 15
x F P = 9 psi X
x x
x P = 9 psi G x # Time
Time to Collect 1
Gallon, sec
X x 1 2 13
X H P = 9 psi x 2 4 12
x X 3 6 10
X P = 9 psi I X 4 8 10
X x 5 10 10
X J P = 9 psi X 6 12 10
X 7 14 9
X 8 16 9
d = 33 mm 9 18 9
i = 3.90 in/hr Temp. 84 deg 10 20 9
wc3 = 19.1% Hum. 85 % 11
d = 39 mm 10
i = 4.61 in/hr Average Depth: in. 13
wc2 = 21.2% Avg Rainfall Intensity: in/hr 14
15
Runoff Rate Measurements
2:33 PM
Notes:
0 mph breeze.
Approx 130 gal collected.
1.35
4.06
Date:
Sediment Concentration Grab
Samples Followed by Runoff Rate
Measurements
End Runoff: 2:36 PM
(circle "x" for open valves)
SLOPE #3
Slope #: 3 Target Rain: 4 in/hr
TOP OF SLOPE
Product:
Roll#:
DDRF Rainfall Testing
11-Jun-12 End Rain:2:13 PM
Set system pressure to 16
psi.
US-2S
0000885
X X x x
A
# Time
Start Rain: 1 14:43Sampling
interval: 0:02 2 14:45
Rain Time (min): 20.00 Test Time (min): 24.00 3 14:47
Descr:. Double Net Straw Blanket 4 14:49
Anchors: 6 in Staples Anchorage: 1.2 / sy 5 14:51
6 14:53
wc1 = 19.5% 7 14:55
d = 51 mm 8 14:57
i = 6.02 in/hr P = 9 psi 9 14:59
10 15:01
X 11
B P = 9 psi X 10
X X 13
X P = 9 psi C x 14
X X 15
x D P = 9 psi X 10
X X 13
X P = 9 psi E x 14
X X 15
x F P = 9 psi X
x X
X P = 9 psi G x # Time
Time to Collect 1
Gallon, sec
X x 1 2 7
X H P = 9 psi X 2 4 6
X X 3 6 6
X P = 9 psi I X 4 8 5
X X 5 10 5
X J P = 9 psi X 6 12 5
X 7 14 5
X 8 16 5
d = 53 mm 9 18 5
i = 6.26 in/hr Temp. 84 deg 10 20 5
wc3 = 19.1% Hum. 87 % 11
d = 52 mm 10
i = 6.14 in/hr Average Depth: in. 13
wc2 = 21.2% Avg Rainfall Intensity: in/hr 14
15
10
13
14
15
11-Jun-12
US-2S
0000884
Sediment Concentration Grab
Samples Followed by Runoff Rate
Measurements
Runoff Rate Measurements
TOP OF SLOPE
End Rain: 3:01 PM
3:05 PMEnd Runoff:
(circle "x" for open valves)Set system pressure to 16
The testing herein is based upon accepted industry practice as well as the test method listed. Test results reported herein do not apply
to samples other than those tested. TRI neither accepts responsibility for nor makes claim as to the final use and purpose of the material.
Proctor Compaction Test
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Moisture Content (%)
Dry
Den
sity
(pcf
)
2.80
2.60
2.70
Project: TRI-DDRF
Sample No.: DDRF Test Soil - January 2010
TRI Log No.: E2337-12-04
Test Method: ASTM D 698 - Method A
Maximum Dry Density (pcf): 98.7
Optimum Moisture Content (%): 20.0
Calibration Date: 8/16/2009
Sand Used: Pool Filter Sand
Volume Measure: Liquid Volume, Vm (cm3): 425
Wt. of Sand to Fill Known Volume:
Total Wt (g) Pan Wt (g) Net Wt (g)
Trial #1 (g) 663.3 11.5 651.8
Trial #2 (g) 661.3 11.5 649.8
Trial #3 (g) 657.3 11.5 645.8
Wa (g) 649.1
Density of Sand, ɣsand (g/cm3) = Wa / Vm = 1.53
Wt. of Sand to Fill Cone:
Total Wt (g) Cone Wt (g) Net Wt (g)
Trial #1 (g) 7046.0 5152.9 1893.1
Trial #2 (g) 7045.3 5152.9 1892.4
Trial #3 (g) 7046.9 5152.9 1894.0
Wt. of Sand in Cone (g): 1893.2
Field Data Date: 11/4/2009
Wt. of Wet Soil + Pan (g) 856.8
Wt. of Dry Soil + Pan (g) 725.3
Wt. of Pan (g) 14.5
Wt. of Wet Soil, W' (g) 842.3
Wt. of Dry Soil (g) 710.8
Wt. of Water (g) 131.5
Water Content, w (%) 0.185
Sand Used: Pool Filter Sand
Unit Wt. of Sand, ɣsand (g/cm3) = 1.53
Wt. of Jug & Cone Before (g) = 7046.08
Wt. of Jug & Cone After (g) = 4450.06
Wt. of Sand Used (g) = 2596.02
Wt. of Sand in Cone (g) = 1893.17
Wt. of Sand in Hole, W (g) = 702.85
Volume of hole, Vh (cm3) = W / ɣsand = 460.17
Wet density, ɣwet = W' / Vh (kN/m3) = 1.83
Wet density, ɣwet = W' / Vh (lb/ft3) = 114.17
Dry density, ɣdry = ɣwet / [1 + w] (kN/m3) = 1.54
Wet density, ɣwet = W' / Vh (lb/ft3) = 96.34
Max Std. Proctor Dry density (kN/m3) = 104.40
Opt. Moisture via Std. Proctor density (%) = 20.10
Compaction as % of Std. Proctor = 92.3%
Density Calculation:
Compaction Worksheet
ASTM D 1556
Volume Data:
Soil Data:
US-2S, Double Net StrawBlanket, over Loam
Slope Erosion Testing for NTPEP
June 30, 2012
Appendix
APPENDIX C – RAINFALL DATA
Raindrop Size Distribution
Rainfall Calibration
Date: 5-Aug-11 Start Time: 8:10 AM End Time: 8:25 AM
Test Time: 15 min. (circle "x" for open valves)
P = 9 psi
x d = 12 mm d = 12 mm
X P = 9 psi i = 1.89 in/hr B i = 1.89 in/hr
x d = 14 mm d = 13 mm x
x i = 2.20 in/hr C i = 2.05 in/hr P = 9 psi X
x d = 14 mm d = 14 mm x
X P = 9 psi i = 2.20 in/hr D i = 2.20 in/hr x
x d = 14 mm d = 15 mm x
x i = 2.20 in/hr E i = 2.36 in/hr P = 9 psi x
x d = 15 mm d = 14 mm X
X P = 9 psi i = 2.36 in/hr F i = 2.20 in/hr x
x d = 14 mm d = 14 mm x
x i = 2.20 in/hr G i = 2.20 in/hr P = 9 psi x
x d = 13 mm d = 14 mm X
x P = 9 psi i = 2.05 in/hr H i = 2.20 in/hr x
X d = 12 mm d = 13 mm x
x i = 1.89 in/hr I i = 2.05 in/hr P = 9 psi X
x d = 11 mm d = 13 mm X
X P = 9 psi i = 1.73 in/hr J i = 2.05 in/hr x
X d = 11 mm d = 11 mm
x i = 1.73 in/hr i = 1.73 in/hr
Bottom Catch: 74 gal
Inlet Pressure: 16 psi
Average Wind: 0 mph
Average Depth: 13.15 mm
Average Rainfall Intensity: 2.07 in/hr
Christiansen Uniformity Coefficient: 92
11
5 6
4
7 8
9 10
3
12
19 20
13
15 16
17
14
18
Rainfall Calibration
TOP OF SLOPE
DDRF
Slope 1 - Target 2 in/hr
x x X x
1 2
A
Date: 4-Aug-11 Start Time: 4:30 AM End Time: 4:45 AM
Test Time: 15 min. (circle "x" for open valves)
P = 9 psi
X d = 24 mm d = 24 mm
X P = 9 psi i = 3.78 in/hr B i = 3.78 in/hr
x d = 25 mm d = 25 mm X
x i = 3.94 in/hr C i = 3.94 in/hr P = 9 psi X
X d = 26 mm d = 24 mm x
X P = 9 psi i = 4.09 in/hr D i = 3.78 in/hr x
x d = 25 mm d = 26 mm X
x i = 3.94 in/hr E i = 4.09 in/hr P = 9 psi X
x d = 27 mm d = 27 mm x
x P = 9 psi i = 4.25 in/hr F i = 4.25 in/hr x
X d = 25 mm d = 28 mm x
X i = 3.94 in/hr G i = 4.41 in/hr P = 9 psi x
x d = 25 mm d = 26 mm X
x P = 9 psi i = 3.94 in/hr H i = 4.09 in/hr X
X d = 24 mm d = 27 mm x
X i = 3.78 in/hr I i = 4.25 in/hr P = 9 psi X
x d = 26 mm d = 25 mm X
X P = 9 psi i = 4.09 in/hr J i = 3.94 in/hr X
X d = 24 mm d = 24 mm
X i = 3.78 in/hr i = 3.78 in/hr
Bottom Catch: 232 gal
Inlet Pressure: 16 psi
Average Wind: 0 mph
Average Depth: 25.35 mm
Average Rainfall Intensity: 3.99 in/hr
Christiansen Uniformity Coefficient: 96
TOP OF SLOPE
DDRF
Rainfall Calibration
7 8
9 10
3 4
2
11 12
19 20
13 14
Slope 1 - Target 4 in/hr
18
5 6
A
15 16
17
x x X X
1
Date: 4-Aug-11 Start Time: 4:10 PM End Time: 4:25 PM
Test Time: 15 min. (circle "x" for open valves)
P = 9 psi
X d = 36 mm d = 38 mm
X P = 9 psi i = 5.67 in/hr B i = 5.98 in/hr
X d = 38 mm d = 37 mm X
x i = 5.98 in/hr C i = 5.83 in/hr P = 9 psi X
X d = 40 mm d = 37 mm X
X P = 9 psi i = 6.30 in/hr D i = 5.83 in/hr x
X d = 43 mm d = 39 mm X
x i = 6.77 in/hr E i = 6.14 in/hr P = 9 psi X
X d = 42 mm d = 41 mm X
X P = 9 psi i = 6.61 in/hr F i = 6.46 in/hr x
X d = 41 mm d = 38 mm x
x i = 6.46 in/hr G i = 5.98 in/hr P = 9 psi X
x d = 37 mm d = 40 mm X
X P = 9 psi i = 5.83 in/hr H i = 6.30 in/hr X
X d = 38 mm d = 39 mm X
X i = 5.98 in/hr I i = 6.14 in/hr P = 9 psi X
X d = 36 mm d = 38 mm X
X P = 9 psi i = 5.67 in/hr J i = 5.98 in/hr X
X d = 34 mm d = 37 mm
X i = 5.35 in/hr i = 5.83 in/hr
Bottom Catch: 232 gal
Inlet Pressure: 16 psi
Average Wind: 0 mph
Average Depth: 38.45 mm
Average Rainfall Intensity: 6.06 in/hr
Christiansen Uniformity Coefficient: 95
11
5 6
4
7 8
9 10
3
12
19 20
13
15 16
17
14
18
Slope 1 - Target 6 in/hr
TOP OF SLOPE
DDRF
Rainfall Calibration
x X X X
1 2
A
Date: 4-Aug-11 Start Time: 2:05 PM End Time: 2:20 PM
Test Time: 15 min. (circle "x" for open valves)
P = 9 psi
d = 11 mm d = 11 mm x
i = 1.73 in/hr B i = 1.73 in/hr P = 9 psi X
x d = 11 mm d = 13 mm x
X P = 9 psi i = 1.73 in/hr C i = 2.05 in/hr x
x d = 13 mm d = 13 mm x
x i = 2.05 in/hr D i = 2.05 in/hr P = 9 psi X
x d = 14 mm d = 14 mm x
X P = 9 psi i = 2.20 in/hr E i = 2.20 in/hr x
x d = 15 mm d = 15 mm x
x i = 2.36 in/hr F i = 2.36 in/hr P = 9 psi x
x d = 15 mm d = 15 mm X
x P = 9 psi i = 2.36 in/hr G i = 2.36 in/hr x
X d = 15 mm d = 14 mm x
x i = 2.36 in/hr H i = 2.20 in/hr P = 9 psi x
x d = 13 mm d = 13 mm X
x P = 9 psi i = 2.05 in/hr I i = 2.05 in/hr x
X d = 13 mm d = 12 mm x
X i = 2.05 in/hr J i = 1.89 in/hr P = 9 psi x
d = 12 mm d = 11 mm X
i = 1.89 in/hr i = 1.73 in/hr X
Bottom Catch: 77 gal
Inlet Pressure: 16 psi
Average Wind: 0 mph
Average Depth: 13.15 mm
Average Rainfall Intensity: 2.07 in/hr
Christiansen Uniformity Coefficient: 91
TOP OF SLOPE
DDRF
Rainfall Calibration
7 8
9 10
3 4
2
11 12
19 20
13 14
Slope 2 - Target 2 in/hr
18
5 6
A
15 16
17
x x X x
1
Date: 4-Aug-11 Start Time: 1:40 PM End Time: 1:55 PM
Test Time: 15 min. (circle "x" for open valves)
P = 9 psi
d = 21 mm d = 23 mm X
i = 3.31 in/hr B i = 3.62 in/hr P = 9 psi X
X d = 24 mm d = 25 mm x
X P = 9 psi i = 3.78 in/hr C i = 3.94 in/hr x
x d = 26 mm d = 27 mm X
x i = 4.09 in/hr D i = 4.25 in/hr P = 9 psi X
X d = 25 mm d = 26 mm x
X P = 9 psi i = 3.94 in/hr E i = 4.09 in/hr x
x d = 27 mm d = 27 mm x
x i = 4.25 in/hr F i = 4.25 in/hr P = 9 psi x
x d = 26 mm d = 28 mm X
x P = 9 psi i = 4.09 in/hr G i = 4.41 in/hr X
X d = 27 mm d = 28 mm x
X i = 4.25 in/hr H i = 4.41 in/hr P = 9 psi x
x d = 26 mm d = 27 mm X
X P = 9 psi i = 4.09 in/hr I i = 4.25 in/hr X
X d = 25 mm d = 25 mm x
X i = 3.94 in/hr J i = 3.94 in/hr P = 9 psi X
d = 24 mm d = 24 mm X
i = 3.78 in/hr i = 3.78 in/hr X
Bottom Catch: 153 gal
Inlet Pressure: 16 psi
Average Wind: 0 mph
Average Depth: 25.55 mm
Average Rainfall Intensity: 4.02 in/hr
Christiansen Uniformity Coefficient: 95
11
5 6
4
7 8
9 10
3
12
19 20
13
15 16
17
14
18
Slope 2 - Target 4 in/hr
TOP OF SLOPE
DDRF
Rainfall Calibration
x x X X
1 2
A
Date: 4-Aug-11 Start Time: 12:30 PM End Time: 12:45 PM
Test Time: 15 min. (circle "x" for open valves)
P = 9 psi
d = 34 mm d = 35 mm X
i = 5.35 in/hr B i = 5.51 in/hr P = 9 psi X
X d = 34 mm d = 37 mm X
X P = 9 psi i = 5.35 in/hr C i = 5.83 in/hr x
X d = 37 mm d = 40 mm X
x i = 5.83 in/hr D i = 6.30 in/hr P = 9 psi X
X d = 38 mm d = 41 mm X
X P = 9 psi i = 5.98 in/hr E i = 6.46 in/hr x
X d = 38 mm d = 41 mm x
x i = 5.98 in/hr F i = 6.46 in/hr P = 9 psi X
x d = 41 mm d = 40 mm X
X P = 9 psi i = 6.46 in/hr G i = 6.30 in/hr X
X d = 41 mm d = 40 mm x
X i = 6.46 in/hr H i = 6.30 in/hr P = 9 psi X
X d = 40 mm d = 39 mm X
X P = 9 psi i = 6.30 in/hr I i = 6.14 in/hr X
X d = 38 mm d = 37 mm X
X i = 5.98 in/hr J i = 5.83 in/hr P = 9 psi X
d = 37 mm d = 34 mm X
i = 5.83 in/hr i = 5.35 in/hr X
Bottom Catch: 232 gal
Inlet Pressure: 16 psi
Average Wind: 0 mph
Average Depth: 38.1 mm
Average Rainfall Intensity: 6.00 in/hr
Christiansen Uniformity Coefficient: 95
TOP OF SLOPE
DDRF
Rainfall Calibration
7 8
9 10
3 4
2
11 12
19 20
13 14
Slope 2 - Target 6 in/hr
18
5 6
A
15 16
17
x X X X
1
Date: 4-Aug-11 Start Time: 9:45 AM End Time: 10:00 AM
Test Time: 15 min. (circle "x" for open valves)
P = 9 psi
d = 10 mm d = 11 mm X
i = 1.57 in/hr B i = 1.73 in/hr P = 9 psi X
x d = 12 mm d = 11 mm x
X P = 9 psi i = 1.89 in/hr C i = 1.73 in/hr x
x d = 13 mm d = 12 mm x
x i = 2.05 in/hr D i = 1.89 in/hr P = 9 psi X
x d = 14 mm d = 12 mm x
X P = 9 psi i = 2.20 in/hr E i = 1.89 in/hr x
x d = 15 mm d = 14 mm x
x i = 2.36 in/hr F i = 2.20 in/hr P = 9 psi x
x d = 16 mm d = 15 mm X
x P = 9 psi i = 2.52 in/hr G i = 2.36 in/hr x
X d = 15 mm d = 13 mm x
x i = 2.36 in/hr H i = 2.05 in/hr P = 9 psi x
x d = 13 mm d = 13 mm X
x P = 9 psi i = 2.05 in/hr I i = 2.05 in/hr x
X d = 13 mm d = 13 mm x
X i = 2.05 in/hr J i = 2.05 in/hr P = 9 psi x
d = 11 mm d = 11 mm X
i = 1.73 in/hr i = 1.73 in/hr X
Bottom Catch: 78 gal
Inlet Pressure: 16 psi
Average Wind: 0 mph
Average Depth: 12.85 mm
Average Rainfall Intensity: 2.02 in/hr
Christiansen Uniformity Coefficient: 90
11
5 6
4
7 8
9 10
3
12
19 20
13
15 16
17
14
18
Slope 3 - Target 2 in/hr
TOP OF SLOPE
DDRF
Rainfall Calibration
x x X X
1 2
A
Date: 4-Aug-11 Start Time: 9:12 AM End Time: 9:27 AM
Test Time: 15 min. (circle "x" for open valves)
P = 9 psi
d = 23 mm d = 24 mm X
i = 3.62 in/hr B i = 3.78 in/hr P = 9 psi X
X d = 22 mm d = 26 mm x
X P = 9 psi i = 3.46 in/hr C i = 4.09 in/hr x
x d = 24 mm d = 27 mm X
x i = 3.78 in/hr D i = 4.25 in/hr P = 9 psi X
X d = 28 mm d = 26 mm x
X P = 9 psi i = 4.41 in/hr E i = 4.09 in/hr x
x d = 28 mm d = 28 mm x
x i = 4.41 in/hr F i = 4.41 in/hr P = 9 psi x
x d = 27 mm d = 27 mm X
x P = 9 psi i = 4.25 in/hr G i = 4.25 in/hr X
X d = 27 mm d = 25 mm x
X i = 4.25 in/hr H i = 3.94 in/hr P = 9 psi x
x d = 26 mm d = 25 mm X
X P = 9 psi i = 4.09 in/hr I i = 3.94 in/hr X
X d = 24 mm d = 24 mm x
X i = 3.78 in/hr J i = 3.78 in/hr P = 9 psi X
d = 23 mm d = 24 mm X
i = 3.62 in/hr i = 3.78 in/hr X
Bottom Catch: 160 gal
Inlet Pressure: 16 psi
Average Wind: 0 mph
Average Depth: 25.4 mm
Average Rainfall Intensity: 4.00 in/hr
Christiansen Uniformity Coefficient: 94
TOP OF SLOPE
DDRF
Rainfall Calibration
7 8
9 10
3 4
2
11 12
19 20
13 14
Slope 3 - Target 4 in/hr
18
5 6
A
15 16
17
x x X X
1
Date: 4-Aug-11 Start Time: 8:34 AM End Time: 8:49 AM
Test Time: 15.00 min. (circle "x" for open valves)
P = 9 psi
d = 33 mm d = 36 mm X
i = 5.20 in/hr B i = 5.67 in/hr P = 9 psi X
X d = 37 mm d = 38 mm X
X P = 9 psi i = 5.83 in/hr C i = 5.98 in/hr x
X d = 37 mm d = 40 mm X
x i = 5.83 in/hr D i = 6.30 in/hr P = 9 psi X
X d = 39 mm d = 39 mm X
X P = 9 psi i = 6.14 in/hr E i = 6.14 in/hr x
X d = 41 mm d = 40 mm x
x i = 6.46 in/hr F i = 6.30 in/hr P = 9 psi X
x d = 40 mm d = 40 mm X
X P = 9 psi i = 6.30 in/hr G i = 6.30 in/hr X
X d = 40 mm d = 41 mm x
X i = 6.30 in/hr H i = 6.46 in/hr P = 9 psi X
X d = 41 mm d = 38 mm X
X P = 9 psi i = 6.46 in/hr I i = 5.98 in/hr X
X d = 38 mm d = 36 mm X
X i = 5.98 in/hr J i = 5.67 in/hr P = 9 psi X
d = 37 mm d = 35 mm X
i = 5.83 in/hr i = 5.51 in/hr X
Bottom Catch: 239 gal
Inlet Pressure: 16 psi
Average Wind: 0 mph
Average Depth: 38.3 mm
Average Rainfall Intensity: 6.03 in/hr
Christiansen Uniformity Coefficient: 95
11
5 6
4
7 8
9 10
3
12
19 20
13
15 16
17
14
18
Slope 3 - Target 6 in/hr
TOP OF SLOPE
DDRF
Rainfall Calibration
x X X X
1 2
A
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
40.00
45.00
50.00
2 4 6
% o
f R
ain
dro
ps
by
Mas
s
Rainfall Intensity, in/hr
Raindrop Size Distribution August 2011
0.21 - 0.425 mm 0.425 - 1.0 mm 1.0 - 2.0 mm 2.0 - 4.75 mm 4.75 - 6 mm
Target raindrop size and distribution (no more than 10 % greater than 6 mm (0.24 in.) and no more than 10 % smaller than 1 mm (0.04 in.)).
US-2S, Double Net StrawBlanket, over Loam
Slope Erosion Testing for NTPEP
June 30, 2012
Appendix
APPENDIX D – ANCHORAGE PATTERN
x x x x
x x
x 5 ft x x
x x
4 ft
x x x
x x
x x x
x x
1.2 staples/syx x x
x x
x x x
x x
x x x
x x
x x x
x x
x x x x
APPENDIX E
REPORT REVISION The reported performance (Cover Factor) has not changed. The reported corresponding simulated storm intensity (Rainfall Factor) has been lowered from R = 231 to R = 162.
NTPEP ASTM D 6459 Rainfall Data and C-Factor Revision to Data Explanation
Testing of Rolled Erosion Control Products (RECPs) and Hydraulically Applied Erosion Control Products (HECPs) is conducted by a number of methods. NTPEP selected ASTM D 6459-07 as a large scale method to determine the performance of these materials with respect to sediment yield due to rainfall and associated runoff. Upon review, one issue was noted in the determination of the R-Factor.
R-Factor Background
This factor is computed from an empirically derived equation which links rainfall with erosion potential. These empirically derived equations were based on real world rainfall. In this computation, the larger the raindrops and more intense the rainfall, the higher the R-Factor. By combining drop size and storm intensity, the R-Factor is derived from testing to quantify the total erosion generating potential of the simulated storm.
False Assumption
Each laboratory’s rainfall simulator creates a unique range and proportion of raindrop sizes in an attempt to simulate “natural rainfall” and to release the drops from a sufficient height, both in accordance with the standard. All raindrops were originally assumed to reach terminal velocity prior to impact if the required raindrop size distribution and drop height (14 ft) was achieved. Through research and industry input, this was determined to be an improper assumption. Some of the smaller sized raindrops don’t reach terminal velocity when dropped from the height called for in the test method. At less than terminal velocity the total erosion generating potential (R Factor) is also less. Therefore, a lower R-Factor should be reported in association with the reported measured soil losses.
Revised Value
As described above, the reported R-Factor must be revised to accurately describe the rainfall energy employed in the testing. When adjusting for the lower velocities of the smaller raindrops in the empirical equations, the revised R-Factor has been calculated to be 162 for the NTPEP laboratory conducting these tests. All NTPEP ASTM D 6459 test reports that do not reflect this adjusted value must be amended.
Impact on End Users
For end users of the NTPEP test reports, it is expected that the product approval processes or specification requirements may need to be updated to reflect the updated reporting of C Factors at R = 162 rather than at R = 231.
C-Factor vs. R-Factor(US-2S at 1.2 staples/sy on TRI-Loam; 3:1 Slope)
All Slopes - NOT SCALED All Slopes - SCALED Poly. (All Slopes - NOT SCALED) Poly. (All Slopes - SCALED)
NOT "SCALED" FOR K.E.: The cummulative R-Factor calculated for the following events: 2 in/hr for 20 min + 4 in/hr for 20 min + 6 in/hr for 20 min, is R = 231 and the associated C-Factor is determined from the best-fit regression eqn.
"SCALED" FOR K.E.: The cummulative R-Factor calculated for the following events: 2 in/hr for 20 min + 4 in/hr for 20 min + 6 in/hr for 20 min, is R = 162 and the associated C-Factor is determined from the best-fit regression eqn.
C-Factor = 0.016 for both calculations of R-Factor