Landforms of the Earth Anna Mae T. Cayanan BEED2-A
Landforms of the Earth
Anna Mae T. Cayanan BEED2-A
What isLANDFORM?
• A landform is a natural feature of the Earth's surface.
• 2 Processes that are responsible in the changes and formation of landforms:
ENDOGENOUS PROCESSESEXOGENOUS PROCESSES
ENDOGENOUS PROCESSES• Endogenous processes are processes
that happen beneath the Earth such as faulting, folding and volcanic activities.
• Endogenous processes cause many major landform features.
FAULTING, FOLDING AND VOLCANIC ACTIVITIES
EXOGENOUS PROCESSES• Exogenous processes are those that
happen on the surface of the Earth.• 3 main exogenous processes are: WeatheringErosion Deposition
The different landforms of the Earth could be categorized into three based on their size, magnitude and relief features.Relief means highest/ lowest elevation points in an area.
Categories of LANDFORMS according to
RELIEF FEATURES
First Order of ReliefThose are big and vast like the continent and ocean basins.
Second Order of ReliefThose found on the continents and ocean basins. Examples: mountain, volcanoes and plains
MOUNTAIN SYSTEMS• CONTINENTAL MOUNTAIN
SYSTEMSThe mountain systems found on the continents.
• OCEANIC MOUNTAIN SYSTEMSThe landforms that are found under the oceans.
Third Order of ReliefThe landforms that have been formed by different exogenous processes through the different agents of erosion.
• LEFT-OVERSThis means that the erosional forces or the different agents of erosion degrade the mountains, plateaus and other features by weathering them and carrying the weathered sediments to the other places where they are deposited to form another landform.
• The features that have been eroded are referred to as residual landforms and those that have been accumulated are called depositional landforms.
• Examples of residual landforms:River valleys Canyons• Examples of depositional landforms:DeltasSand DunesSandbarsMoraines
MORAINE AND DELTA
SAND DUNE, COLORADO
Categories of LANDFORMS according to
SIZE
Major LANDFORMS
4 MAJOR LANDFORMSPLAINS
• A plain is wide stretch of flat land. This is suitable for planting various crops like rice and corn. Usually, people build their homes and establish settlements with governing bodies in the plain.
PLAIN OF CENTRAL LUZON
PLAIN OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL
4 MAJOR LANDFORMS
MountainA mountain is a large landform
that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area, usually in the form of a peak. A mountain is generally steeper than a hill.
ANDES MOUNTAIN MT. EVEREST
MOUNTAIN
MOUNTAIN
MOUNTAIN
4 MAJOR LANDFORMS
Plateau• A plateau is an elevated plain or a
relatively large flat area that stands above the surrounding land. It rises
from 90 to more than 900 meters (300 to 3000 ft). This is suitable for tending
animals as the temperature here is cool. It is also ideal for plants that do
not need much water.
BUKIDNON PLATEAU
PLATEAU
PLATEAUDECCAN PLATEAU TIBETAN PLATEAU
4 MAJOR LANDFORMS
Hills• It is a land that rises (less than 300
meters) above its surrounding and has a rounded summit. A hill is a land formation that is smaller and less rugged than a mountain.
CHOCOLATE HILLS
HILLS
Minor LANDFORMS
4 MINOR LANDFORMS• VALLEYS- A valley is a low area between hills/
mountains, often with a river running through it.
• POLOLU VALLEY in HAWAII
CAGAYAN VALLEY
NAPA VALLEY in CALIFORNIA
4 MINOR LANDFORMSBASINS
• A basin is a hollow or depression in Earth's surface with no outlet for water. This means that any water that originates in or flows into a basin does not escape it. A basin can be approximately circular, resembling a bowl, or it can be oval-shaped. It can be a small structure, measuring only a few miles in diameter. Often, it is much larger. A basin is usually surrounded mostly by higher land. Depending on where it is located, a basin may sometimes include desert areas, which are arid or dry regions receiving less than 10 inches (25 centimeters) of rain per year.
GREAT BASIN OF UTAH
The Great Basin stretches through more than 200,000 square miles in Nevada and Utah.
4 MINOR LANDFORMS• BUTTES- A butte is an isolated hill with steep,
often vertical sides and a small, relatively flat top; buttes are smaller than mesas and plateaus.
Mittens and Merrick Butte in Monument Valley Arizona
BUTTES OF THE CROSS, UTAH
4 MINOR LANDFORMS• CANYONS- A deep narrow valley with a steep
sides, oftentimes with a stream flowing to it.
GRAND CANYON IN ARIZONA
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