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8/9/2019 lab artropode.doc

1/15

LAB5ANIMAL DIVERSITY IV: PHYLUM ARTHROPODA.

INTRODUCTION

The Phylum Arthropodais the la!est a"# m$st

#i%ese $& all a"imal 'hyla ()i! 5.*+. M$e tha"

thee ,uates $& the a"imals $" eath ae

ath$'$#s- a"# m$st $& these ae i"sets. M$e

tha" /00-000 s'eies ha%e 1ee" #esi1e#- a"# i&

1i$l$!ists ha%e the $''$tu"ity t$ e2'l$e the

ai" &$ests 1e&$e they ae $m'letely 1u"e# t$

the !$u"#- a li3e "um1e 4ill '$1a1ly 1e#is$%ee#.

Ath$'$#s ha%e thei s3elet$"s $" the $utsi#e$& thei 1$#ies- athe tha" $" the i"si#e (they

ha%e a" exoskeleton; 4hile $u i"te"al s3elet$"

is alle# a" endoskeleton.+ The 'hylums "ame

is 1ase# $" this &eatue (Ath$'$#a mea"s

67$i"t8&$$t6 e&ei"! t$ the e2te"al 7$i"ts i" the

s3elet$" that all$4 m$%eme"t+. Thee ae 1$th

a#%a"ta!es a"# #isa#%a"ta!es t$ 1ei"! i"si#e

$ut (alth$u!h the ma7$ity $'i"i$" is lealy that

its $u s3elet$"s that ae $##ly situate#+. The

a#%a"ta!es seem t$ $ut4ei!h a"y #isa#%a"ta!es-

7u#!i"! &$m the 'hylums suess a"# #i%esity

(ath$'$#s i"lu#e i" thei a"3s a1s- l$1stes-

s'i#es- mites- a"# the %ast "um1e $& #i&&ee"t

i"sets+.

M$e tha" a"ythi"!- the e2$s3elet$" hasall$4e# the ath$'$#s t$ #i%esi&y a"# m$%e

i"t$ "ihes that 4ee 'e%i$usly i"aessi1le.They 4ee the &ist 1easts t$ suess&ully

$l$"i9e la"# (the e2$s3elet$" 'ea#a'te# them

&$ teestial ha1itats si"e it '$%i#e# 1$th

su''$t a"# '$teti$" &$m #yi"! $ut+. I"sets

&le4 l$"! 1e&$e a"ythi"! li3e a 1i# e2iste#.

S$me must ha%e 1ee" ,uite im'essi%e elati%es

$& t$#ays #a!$"&lies 4ith 4i"!s'a"s $& "ealy

Figure 5.1.Numeial Disti1uti$" $& Name# A"imal Ta2a.

(3.8%)

(0.9%)

(1.3%)

(1.2%)

(4.8%)

(0.9%)(1.5%)

(6.5%)

(4.0%)(1.0%)(7.8%)

(9.6%)

(11.5%)

(11.5%)

(33.7%)

Vertebrates

Coelenterates

Platyhelminths

Nematoa

!oll"s#a

$nnelia

ther 'nerts

Cheli#erata

Cr"sta#ea!iriaoather 'nse#ts

*ymenotera

+eiotera

,itera

-eetles


2/15

a mete &le4 the Triassis3ies ($%e ;000 s'eies ae #esi1e#+.

E2ami"ati$" $& thei a''e"#a!es a"# !e"eal

1$#y stutue sh$4 that m$st 4ee mai"e1$tt$m8#4elli"! $!a"isms. The stutue $&

thei m$uth'ats a"# ?8ays $& thei #i!esti%e

systems i"#iate that thei #iets i"lu#e#

sea4ee#s- $ele"teates- a"# m$llus3s. S$me4ee '$1a1ly sa%e"!es- &ee#i"! $" $!a"i

#e1is i" the mu3 muh as s$me a""eli#s #$

t$#ay. Til$1ites eahe# thei hei!ht $&

#isti1uti$" a"# a1u"#a"e #ui"! the

Ca%(rian a"# Ordo&ian 'ei$#s (a1$ut 500

milli$" yeas a!$+.

$ROC!DUR!:*. #u(ph,lu% Trilo(ita. E2ami"e the &$ssili9e#

emai"s a"# museum asts $& til$1ites. The

1$#y is #i%i#e# i"t$ thee mai" seti$"s: a"

a"tei$ shiel#8sha'e# ephalon (hea#+- a

se!me"te# 1$#y (the th$a2+- a"# a 'late8li3e

p,gidiu%at the ea. The 1$#y is l$"!itu#i"ally

#i%i#e# i"t$ thee e!i$"s 1y a #ee' &u$4

(these thee se!me"ts- eah #i%i#e# i"t$ thee

'$ti$"s is the $i!i" $& thei "ame+. The

e'hal$" ha# a 'ai $& antennae ('$1a1ly "$t'ese%e# i" y$u s'eime"+. The 'ese"e $& a

si"!le a"te""al 'ai is $"e eas$" they ae $&te"'lae# 4ithi" the Su1'hylum )andi(ulata. A

'ai $& $m'$u"# eyes a" 1e i#e"ti&ie# $" m$st&$ssils (alth$u!h s$me 4ee 1li"#+. The eyes a"

1e s$ 4ell 'ese%e# that mi$s$'i

e2ami"ati$" $& thei le"s systems is '$ssi1le.

The a''e"#a!es $" the %e"tal su&ae $& the

a"imal i"lu#e# 4al3i"! le!s- &ilame"ts- s'i"es-

a"# !ills. These %e"tal stutues ae "$t usually

s$ 4ell 'ese%e#. S3eth a 4ell8'ese%e#

s'eime" a"# la1el the %isi1le stutues.

!"!RCI#! 5.- #u(ph,lu% Chelierata' Class

)erosto%ata and Arahnida.

)AT!RIA*# N!!D!D+

$reser&ed and *i&ing Organis%s+ lass

Me$st$mata: h$sesh$e a1s (Limulus

polyphemus+ lass Aah"i#a: s$'i$"s-%ai$us s'i#es- ti3s- a"# mites.

Mem1es $& the #u(ph,lu%

Chelierata ha%e "$ a"te""ae a"# &ee#i"!

a''e"#a!es alle# helierae. Thei 1$#y is

#i%i#e# i"t$ t4$ mai" seti$"s: a" a"tei$

ephalothoraxa"# a '$stei$ a(do%en.

$ROC!DUR!:

*. Class )erosto%ata.This lass is e'ese"te# 1y$"ly &$u s'eies $& a"imals $mm$"ly 3"$4"

as 6h$sesh$e a1s6. H$sesh$e a1s ae

$mm$" i"ha1ita"ts $& the $astal mai"e 4ates

$&& the N$th Ameia" Atla"ti $ast a"# al$"!the @ul& $& Me2i$. They s'e"# m$st $& thei

time 1u$4i"! th$u!h s$&t mu# l$$3i"! &$

4$ms- m$llus3s- a"# $the tasty ti#1its.

E2ami"e a li%i"! $ 'ese%e# s'eime" $& theh$sesh$e a1- Limulus polyphemus. The

a"tei$ e'hal$th$a2 is $%ee# 4ith a

h$sesh$e8sha'e# aa'ae- &$m 4hih the

a"imals #ei%e thei $mm$" "ame. T4$ la!e$m'$u"# eyes a"# a 'ai $& small sim'le eyes

(at the a"tei$ e"# $& the me#ia" i#!e+ ae $"

the #$sal aa'ae. The a1#$me" ('$stei$ t$

the aa'ae+ 1eas $4s $& sh$t s'i"es a"# a

si"!le la!e tels$". Des'ite its &$mi#a1le

a''eaa"e- the tels$" is use# "eithe &$ $&&e"se

"$ #e&e"se- a"# li%i"! a"imals a" 1e sa&ely

ha"#le#. =he" a""$ye#- h$sesh$e a1s &$l#

thei a1#$me" u"#e the aa'ae t$ '$tet the

m$e #eliate %e"tal a''e"#a!es. Tu" y$ua"imal $%e t$ e2'$se the %e"tal su&ae. The

smallest $& the 'i"es ae the helieae-&ee#i"! a''e"#a!es that ae haateisti $& this

su1'hylum. The m$uth is l$ate# #ietly 1ehi"#them. Thee ae &i%e 'ai $& 4al3i"! le!s. B$$3

!ills (the 'a!e8li3e a''e"#a!es $" the a1#$me"+

ae use# &$ es'iati$" a"# s4immi"!. The a"us

is 7ust a"tei$ t$ the tels$".


3/15

;. Class Arahnida. The aah"i#s ae the m$st

suess&ul !$u' i" this su1'hylum. They

i"lu#e s'i#es- s$'i$"s- mites- a"# ti3s a"#

4ee am$"! the &ist a"imals t$ m$%e $"t$ la"#.

Alth$u!h this !$u' is '$1a1ly the m$st

u"'$'ula $& all i"%ete1ates- they ae

e$l$!ially im'$ta"t (s'i#es- &$ e2am'le-

#e%$u m$e i"set 'ests tha" #$ 1i#s+.

#orpions+ S$'i$"s ae m$st easily

e$!"i9e# 1y the sti"!i"! (ar(at the ti' $&

thei a(do%en. @e"tly em$%e a 'ese%e#s$'i$" &$m its %ial. The 1$#y is #i%i#e#

i"t$ a" a"tei$ proso%a a"# the '$stei$

a(do%en. As i" the h$sesh$e a1s- the

'$s$ma is $%ee# 4ith a #$sal shiel# (the

aa'ae+. T4$ 'i"he8li3e a''e"#a!es (the

pedipalps+ ae use# t$ ma"i'ulate 'ey

(m$stly i"sets a"# s'i#es+. Thee ae &$u

'ai $& 4al3i"! le!s. E2ami"e the $the

s$'i$"s $" #is'lay.

#piders+P$siti$" a !a#e" s'i#e ($ simila

1east+ u"#e a #isseti"! mi$s$'e. The

1$#y is #i%i#e# i"t$ a" a"tei$

ephalothorax a"# a '$stei$ a(do%en.

)$m a #$sal %ie4- ei!ht eyes ae lustee# atthe &$"t $& the e'hal$th$a2 (the eyes ae the

shi"y 1la3 #$ts+. O" the %e"tal si#e "$te the

&a"!s at the 1ase $& the m$%a1le helierae.

Nea1y y$u 4ill &i"# t4$ small le!8li3e

a''e"#a!es (the pedipalps+. E2ami"e the

'e#i'al's u"#e the hi!hest a%aila1le

ma!"i&iati$". I& y$u a"imal is a" a#ult $'e"ultimate (6tee"a!e6+ male- the last se!me"t

$& the 'e#i'al's is e2'a"#e# i"t$ a $'ulat$y

$!a". The 'e#i'al's ae &$ll$4e# 1y &$u 'ai

$& 4al3i"! le!s. The last se!me"t $& eah le!

is alle# the tasus (it se%es as a &$$t+. Tae

y$u 4ay 1a3 t$4a# the 1$#y a"# i#e"ti&y

the tarsus- %etatarsus- ti(ia- patella- e%ur-

trohanter- a"# a small oxa at the 1ase $&

the le!. The sternu%is the &lat shiel# 1et4ee"

the ei!ht $2ae $" the %e"tal su&ae. I#e"ti&y

the e"ta"e t$ the (ook lungs (t4$ slits $"

the a"tei$ 'at $& the a1#$me"+ a"# thespinnerets (&i"!e8li3e a''e"#a!es at the

'$stei$ ti' $& the a1#$me"+. #ilk glands i"

the a1#$me" ae $""ete# t$ the s'i""eets.

E2ami"e the $the s'i#es $" #is'lay.

)ites and tiks.The a1#$me" $& mites a"#

ti3s has l$st a"y e2te"al e%i#e"e $&

se!me"tati$" a"# is &use# t$ the proso%a.

The arapae thee&$e e2te"#s $%e the

e"tie 1$#y. Mites ae a !$u' $& small (*

mm+- m$stly 'aasiti aah"i#s (alth$u!h

&ee8li%i"! mites a" i"ha1it 1$th teestial

a"# a,uati e$systems+. Ti3s- $" the $the

ha"#- ae usually la!e a"# ae $1li!ate

e2te"al 1l$$#8su3i"! 'aasites th$u!h$ut

thei e"tie li%es.

!"!RCI#! 5./ #u(ph,lu% Crustaea.

)AT!RIA*# N!!D!D+

$reser&ed Organis%s+'ese%e# ay&ish &$

e2ami"ati$"- %ai$us ustaea"s $" #is'lay.

*i&ing Organis%s+ultue %ial $& the 4ate

&lea- Daphnia. Li%e ay&ish a"#$ $the

ustaea"s.

)isellaneous+ mi$s$'es- sli#es- sli#e

$%es- eye#$''es- #isseti"! 3its-

Mem1es $& the su1'hylum Crustaea

ha%e t4$ 'ai $& a"te""ae a"# &ee#i"!a''e"#a!es alle# ma"#i1les.

$ROC!DUR!:

*. Crustaean Di&ersit,. Custaea"s ae a"e2temely #i%ese !$u' $& 'imaily a,uati

ath$'$#s 4ith t4$ 'ai $& a"te""ae. The lass

i"lu#es suh uli"ay #eli!hts suh as shim'-

l$1stes- ay&ish- a"# 1a"ales (1a"ales+.

Alth$u!h m$st ae &ee8li%i"!- a &e4 ae

'aasiti. Pimiti%e ustaea"s ha%e thee mai"

1$#y 'ats: a hea#- a th$a2- a"# a" a1#$me".

Thee is a te"#e"y- h$4e%e- &$ the hea# a"#

th$a2 t$ &use a"# &$m a si"!le e'hal$th$a2.

E2ami"e the 'ese%e# ustaea"s $" #is'lay.

N$te the %aia1ility i" thei 1$#y stutue a"#

#i&&ee"t &ee#i"! a#a'tati$"s. I& a%aila1le- ta3e a

&e4 mi"utes t$ $1se%e the !e"eal 1eha%i$ $&

li%i"! a"imals.; !xa%ination o a *i&ing Crustaean+Daphnia.

Daphniaae $mm$"ly 3"$4" as 64ate &leas6

1eause $& the a''ae"t similaity i" thei

l$$m$ti$" t$ that $& the teestial i"set. Theyae $mm$" i"ha1ita"ts $& &esh4ate '$"#s a"#

ae a" im'$ta"t $m'$"e"t $& these &$$#

hai"s. Rem$%e aDaphnia&$m the ultue %ial


4/15

Figure 5.-.Ma7$ $!a"s a"# a''e"#a!es $& the 4ate &lea-Daphnia.

a"# ma3e a 4et m$u"t. The 1$#y is $%ee# i" a

lam8shell8li3e aa'ae ($'e" $" the %e"tal

su&ae+. A si"!le $m'$u"# eye a" 1e see"

m$%i"! i" the hea# ()i! 5.;+. The a"te""ules ae

small a"# l$ate# at the ti' $& the $stum

(6"$se6+. Als$ "$te the '$mi"e"t se$"#

a"te""ae (a'i# &li3s $& 4hih ae use# &$s4immi"!+. O1se%e the m$%eme"ts $& the

tu"3 a''e"#a!es 1e"eath the aa'ae. )iltei"!

setae $" these a''e"#a!es si&t mi$s$'i

$!a"isms &$m the 4ate. )$$# is 'asse#

&$4a# t$ the m$uth t$ 1e #i!este# ($4i"! t$

thei ta"s'ae"t "atue- &$$# a" usually 1e see"

4ithi" the #i!esti%e tat+. Males ae ae a"# ae

see" $"ly at etai" times $& the yea- s$ y$u

s'eime" is li3ely t$ 1e &emale. I& y$u ae lu3y

y$u may see #e%el$'i"! em1y$s 4ithi" the

1$$# ham1e. Use '$t$sl$ t$ eta# the

m$%eme"t $& y$u s'eime" $ s4ith t$ a'e'ae# sli#e. S3eth y$u s'eime" i" the

esults seti$" a"# i#e"ti&y as ma"y $& the

stutues as '$ssi1le.

. Eah $& the a''e"#a!es is 1ase# $"

the same em1y$"i stutues a"#- u"li3e the

4ate &lea- sh$4 !eat stutual #i%esity

()i!ue 5.5+. E2ami"e eah $& the a''e"#a!es

a"# s'eulate as t$ thei s'eiali9ati$"s. Re$#

y$u $1se%ati$"s i" the esults seti$". The

aa'ae is a $"ti"u$s hiti"$us stutue that$%es the 7$i"e# hea# a"# th$a2 $& the

ay&ish. E%i#e"e $& the sutui"! a" 1e see" at

the e%ial !$$%e. The mai" se"s$y stutues

ae the eyes- antennae- a"# antennules. N$te

als$ the %ai$us hais a"# 'its $%ei"! the

su&ae $& the 1$#y that se%e meha"$ee'ti%e

a"# hem$ee'ti%e &u"ti$"s. I& y$u a"imal is

a male- the &ist 'ai $& s4immeets 4ill 1e

e2'a"#e# i"t$ $'ulat$y $!a"s 4hile the

a"tei$ s4immeets $& &emales ae simila t$

the &eathey '$stei$ s4immeets. M$%e $"e $&

the 4al3i"! le! a''e"#a!es a"# "$t thei a"!e$& m$%eme"t. The e2taF lim1 se!me"ts

($m'ae# t$ $u lim1s+ ae a#a'tati$"s t$ all$4

!ae&ul m$%eme"t si"e 1all8a"#8s$3et 7$i"ts

(suh as y$u sh$ul#e+ ae "$t '$ssi1le 4ith a"

e2te"al s3elet$". Ma3e a s3eth sh$4i"! thea"!e $& m$%e $& eah $& the le! seti$"s i" the

Como"n eye!i"t#e#"mm"s#le

/ye'ntestine

*eart

-roo #hamber

/mbryo

ary

Caraa#e

$n"s

ilterin setae

!o"th2n antennae

1st tr"n aenae


5/15

esults seti$".

>. Cra,ish Internal Anato%,. Be!i" y$u

#isseti$" 1y utti"! al$"! the sutue li"es

(e%ial !$$%e )i!ue 5.+- a"# the !ee"

!la"# 4ill 1e l$ate# #ietly 1ehi"# it. N$te

als$ the 'aie# musles attahe# "ea t$ the

!ee" !la"#. =hat is the &u"ti$" $& thesemusles C$"ti"ue y$u #isseti$" 1y $'e"i"!

the a1#$me". =hy ae the a(do%inal extensor

a"# lexor %usles$& #i&&ei"! si9e

Figure 5./.Cay&ish e2te"al a"at$my.

$ - C , / *

'

+!N

$) /+N

-) $-,!/N

C) C$$P$C/

,) C/V'C$+ V/

/) !$'++'P/,

) //

) :!

*) $N/NN:+/

') $N/NN$

) C*/+'P/,

) ' ;$+'N +/

+) * ;$+'N +/

!) ;'!!//

N) :P,


6/15

Figure 5..Cay&ish m$uth 'ats a"# ass$iate# stutues.

Figure 5.5. Biam$us A''e"#a!es $& a Custaea".

$

-

C

,

/

*

'

$) $N/NN:+/

-) $N/NN$

C) /N$+ P/

,) ' !$'++'P/,

/) P$+P !$N,'-+/

) !$N,'-+/

) ' !$'++$

*) /CN, !$'++$

') *', !$'++$


7/15


8/15

Figure 5.2. I"te"al A"at$my $& a Cay&ish.

!"!RCI#! 5. #u(ph,lu% Unira%ia.

)AT!RIA*# N!!D!D+

$reser&ed Organis%s+ i"sets: 'ese%e# i"sets &$ #is'lay- !assh$''es- su'elass Myia'$#a:

'ese%e# e"ti'e#s a"# milli'e#s &$ #em$"stati$".

$repared #lides+ i"sets: 'e'ae# sli#es $& he4i"!- 'iei"!su3i"!- si'h$"i"!- a"# s'$"!i"!

m$uth'ats (#is'lay $ a%aila1le t$ eah stu#e"t+- 'e'ae# sli#es $& a"te""a ty'es a"# sli#e $&

h$"ey1ee le!s ($ 'ese%e# 4$3e 1ees+- #em$"stati$" sli#e(s+ $& i"set taheal systems.

)isellaneous+$m'$u"# mi$s$'es- sli#es- sli#e $%es- eye#$''es.

$ - C , / * ' +

!

N

P


9/15

Mem1es $& the su(ph,lu% Unira%ia ha%e $"e 'ai $& a"te""ae a"# &ee#i"! a''e"#a!es alle#

ma"#i1les.

*. #uperlass 3exapoda+ The Insets.As 'e%i$usly me"ti$"e#- i"sets ae the m$st suess&ul $& all

a"imal 'hyla. They #i&&e &$m ustaea"s 1y ha%i"! a si"!le 'ai $& a"te""ae (athe tha" t4$+ a"# le!s

1ase# $" a u"iamus 'la" (4ith u"1a"he# a''e"#a!es+. The e2$s3elet$"- th$u!h simila i" stutue t$

that $& ustaea"s- la3ssi!"i&ia"t alium #e'$sits. Chaateistis that se'aate them &$m the $the

ath$'$#s i"lu#e thee 'ais $& le!s a"# (usually+ t4$ 'ais $& 4i"!s. E2ami"e the 'ese%e# a"# li%i"!

i"sets $" #is'lay t$ a''eiate the %aia1ility i" thei 1$#y 'la"s a"# a#a'tati$"s.

!xternal Anato%, o Representati&e Insets 4ith $artiular Attention to the 6rasshopper0.

O1tai" a 'ese%e# !assh$''e a"# l$ate the &$ll$4i"! stutues. The 1$#y is #i%i#e# i"t$ thee

se!me"ts- a hea#- th$a2- a"# a1#$me".

The 3ead.E2ami"e the hea# u"#e a #isseti"! mi$s$'e 'ayi"! 'atiula atte"ti$" t$ the

m$uth'ats- the thee sim'le eyes (1et4ee" the a"te""ae+ a"# the $m'$u"# eyes. The !assh$''es

m$uth'ats ae a#a'te# &$ he4i"!. C$m'ae the stutue $& he4i"! m$uth'ats t$ that $&

'iei"!su3i"!- si'h$"i"!- a"# s'$"!i"! m$uth'ats $" #is'lay. The a"te""ae ae se"s$y stutues

4ith 1$th meha"$ee'ti%e (se"se $& t$uh+ a"# hem$ee'ti%e (se"se $& tastesmell+ &u"ti$"s.

C$m'ae thei stutue 4ith that $& $the a"te""ae $" #is'lay.

The Thorax.Retu" y$u atte"ti$" t$ the !assh$''e. A l$se e2ami"ati$" $& the th$a2 4ill

sh$4 that its eally ma#e u' $& thee &use# se!me"ts- eah 4ith a 'ai $& le!s. The m$st a"tei$ se!me"tis the '$th$a2 (&$ll$4e# 1y the mes$th$a2 a"# metath$a2. Alth$u!h m$st se"s$y stutues ae $"

the a"imals hea#- the ea (tym'a"um+ is l$ate# a1$%e the thi# le! $& a !assh$''e. T4$ 'ai $& 4i"!s

ae attahe# $" the #$sal su&ae $& the th$a2. =hat #i&&ee"es a" 1e see" i" the stutue $& the

&$e4i"! a"# hi"# 4i"!. =hih #$ y$u thi"3 is m$st im'$ta"t &$ &lyi"! (a"# 4hy esults seti$"+.E2ami"e a le! u"#e a ha"# le"s $ #isseti"! mi$s$'e. The 1asal se!me"t $& a" i"sets le! is alle#

the $2a. This is &$ll$4e# 1y a sh$t t$ha"te a"# the &ist l$"! se!me"t $& the le! (&emu+. The ti1ia

(se$"# l$"! se!me"t+ is attahe# t$ the &emu. Se%eal sh$t se!me"ts (a metatasus a"# the tasi+ &$ll$4

the ti1ia a"# se%e as a 6&$$t6. The le!s $& i"sets ae e2elle"t e2am'les $& the a#a'tati$" i" &$m t$&u"ti$".

The A(do%en.The se!me"tati$" $& the a1#$me" is lealy %isi1le. L$ate the s'iales $" eah

se!me"t. These '$es se%e as the e"ta"es t$ the i"sets taheal system (use# &$ es'iati$"+. I&

a%aila1le- e%ie4 the #em$"stati$" sli#es $& i"set taheae. The '$stei$ '$ti$"s $& the a1#$me" aem$#i&ie# as $'ulat$y a"# e!!8layi"! stutues.

;. #uperlass ),riapoda.Myia'$#s i"lu#e the e"ti'e#es a"# milli'e#es (the tem 6Myia'$#a6 mea"s

6ma"y &$$te#6+. Li3e the i"sets- they ae 'imaily teestial i" ha1its- ha%e a si"!le 'ai $& a"te""ae-

unira%usa''e"#a!es- a"# m$uth'ats 1ase# $" ma"#i1les. U"li3e the i"sets- the myia'$# 1$#y is

#i%i#e# i"t$ $"ly t4$ se!me"ts- a hea# a"# tu"3 (i"stea# $& a" i"sets thee se!me"ts8 the hea#- th$a2-

a"# a1#$me"+ a"# the eyes ae "$t as $m'le2. The tu"3 se!me"ts may a"!e &$m a &e4 t$ m$e tha" a

hu"#e#.

Class Chilopoda' the Centipedes.Ce"ti'e#es ha%e $"e 'ai $& le!s 'e 1$#y se!me"t a"# '$is$"

!la"#s (m$st- h$4e%e- ae "$t #a"!e$us t$ huma"s+. They 'e&e m$ist 'laes a"# &ee# $" eath4$ms

a"# i"sets. E2ami"e the e"ti'e#es $" #em$"stati$" s$ that y$u a" e$!"i9e thei !e"eal stutue. Class Diplopoda' the )illipedes.Milli'e#es ha%e t4$ 'ais $& le!s 'e 1$#y se!me"t a"# #$ "$t

'$ssess '$is$" !la"#s. Li3e e"ti'e#es- they 'e&e m$ist ha1itats- 1ut they ae eithe he1i%$$us $

sa%e"!es.


10/15

Figures For Dissetions

)i!ue *. @assh$''e M$uth'ats

Figure 2. Grasshopper Dissection


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Figure 3. Bee Legs


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Figure 4. Roach Dissection 1.

Figure 5. Roach Dissection 2

____________________________________________________________________________


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REPORT SECTION_________________________ __________________La1 5 (Name+ (Date La1 Seti$"+

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

EXERCISE 5.1- Primitive Arthropods- The Extinct Trilobita.

Make a sketch of a fossil trilobite

or plaster cast. Label the body

regions and any other structures.

EXERCISE 5.2- Subphylum Chelicerata; Class Arachnida. Make a sketch of a

typical spider from your own observations and

label as many structures as

possible (including the leg

segments.

EXERCISE 5.3 Subphylum Crustacea.Examination of a Living Crustacean: Daphnia.

Sketch a water flea from your own

observations. Label as many struc-

tures as possible.


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EXERCISE 5.3. Make a sketch showing the range of movement for the various

joints of a crustacean leg.

EXERCISE 5.4. Sketch the structure of the central nervous system of a

crayfish. Label as many of the portions as possible.

EXERCISE 5.4 Subphylum Uniramia. External Anatomy of Representative Insect

(Grasshopper).

Make a simple diagram of the joint

segments of a grasshopper's third

(jumping) leg. Label each segment.


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Make any additional sketches required by your instructor in the following

spaces.

ID: ___________________ ID: ___________________ ID:___________________

Magnification: _______ Magnification: _____ Magnification: ________

ID: ___________________ ID: ___________________ ID:___________________


ID: ___________________ ID: ___________________ ID:___________________


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