Lab 12: Dissolved Oxygen Mr. West n by looking at factors that influence the availability dapted from: http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/labbench/lab12/concepts.htm Bell Ringer: “Why did fish that I kept in an aquarium over my radiator die? An aerator was producing a constant stream of bubbles, so they should have had plenty of oxygen."
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Lab 12: Dissolved Oxygen Mr. West Let's begin by looking at factors that influence the availability of oxygen… Adapted from: .
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Lab 12: Dissolved OxygenMr. West
Let's begin by looking at factors that influence the availability of oxygen…
Bell Ringer: “Why did fish that I kept in an aquarium over my radiator die? An aerator was producing a constant stream of bubbles, so they should have had plenty of oxygen."
• factors that affect amount of dissolved O2 in water:
– temperature
• as water temperature, its ability to hold O2 decreases
– photosynthetic activity
• in bright light, aquatic plants produce more O2
– decomposition activity• as organic matter decays, microbial respiration consumes
• as water becomes more salty, its ability to hold O2 decreases
Oxygen is essential for cellular respiration in most organisms
Primary Productivity• Rate at which plants and other
photosynthetic organisms produce organic compounds in an ecosystem.
• Gross productivity = the entire photosynthetic production of organic compounds in an ecosystem
• Net productivity = the organic materials that remain after photosynthetic organisms in the ecosystem have used some of these compounds for their cellular energy needs (cellular respiration).
Lab 12: Dissolved Oxygen
• primary productivity– measured in 3 ways:
• amount of CO2 used
• rate of sugar (biomass) formation
• rate of O2 production
Measuring O2 saturation: Using a Nomograph
• To measure how much oxygen water can hold (saturation), you need to be able to read a nomograph.
• Many kits and testing procedures are available for measuring dissolved oxygen.
Lab Procedure
• Monitor the effect of varying light levels on dissolved oxygen in an algae-rich water culture
• Amount of light available for photosynthesis drops off sharply with increasing depth in an aquatic environment
• Can model this condition by wrapping water-sample bottles with increasing layers of screen
Lab 12: Dissolved Oxygen
Lab 12: Dissolved Oxygen• Conclusions
temperature = dissolved O2
light = photosynthesis = O2 production
– O2 loss from respiration
respiration = dissolved O2
(consumption of O2)
FRQ 2001A biologist measured dissolved oxygen in the top 30 centimeters of a moderately eutrophic (mesotrophic) lake in the temperate zone. The day was bright and sunny and the wind was calm. The results of the observation are presented below.
a. Using the graph paper provided, plot the results that were obtained. Then, using the same set of axes, draw and label an additional line/curve representing the results that you would predict had the day been heavily overcast.
b. Explain the biological processes that are operating in the lake to produce the observed data. Explain also how these processes would account for your prediction of results for a heavily overcast day.
c. Describe how the introduction of high levels of nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates into the lake would affect subsequent observations. Explain your predictions.
In most aquatic environments, primary production is affected by light available to the community of organisms.
Using measurements of dissolved oxygen concentration to determine primary productivity, design a controlled experiment to test the hypothesis that primary productivity is affected by either the intensity of light or the wavelength of light. In your answer, be sure to include the following.
A statement of the specific hypothesis that you are testing
A description of your experimental design (Be sure to include a description of what data you would collect and how you would present and analyze the data using a graph.)
A description of results that would support your hypothesis
Eutrophication
• A nutrient overload causes an algal bloom
• Algal bloom– Thick layer of algae growth at surface of water– Blocks sunlight from penetrating lower levels