KULTUR JARINGAN PENDAHULUAN.ppt

TIM DOSEN MK BIOTEKNOLOGIFAKULTAS PERTANIAN - UB

2013

KULTUR JARINGAN KULTUR JARINGAN TANAMANTANAMAN

TWO MAJOR AREAS OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY

Plant Tissue CultureA Requirement for Transgenic Development

A plant part Is cultured

Callusgrows

Shootsdevelop Shoots are rooted;

plant grows to maturity

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What Is plant tissue culture?What Is plant tissue culture?

HISTORY

What conditions do plant cells need to What conditions do plant cells need to multiply in vitro?multiply in vitro?

TISSUE CULTURE APPLICATIONSTISSUE CULTURE APPLICATIONS

TYPES OF TISSUE CULTURE

THREE FUNDAMENTAL ABILITIES OF PLANTS

• Cultured tissue must contain competent cells (cc) or cells capable of regaining competence (dedifferentiation). – e.g. an excised piece of differentiated tissue or

organ (Explant) → dedifferentiation → callus (heterogenous) →redifferentiation (whole plant) = cellular totipotency.

• Tanaman adalah organisme multiseluler yang kompleks dengan organ-organ yang mempunyai fungsi berbeda.

• Kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan memungkinkan, organisme multiseluler yang kompleks tersebut dikembalikan pada ground state pada level sel-sel dengan potensi genetik yang sama.

• Sel-sel yang tidak terorganisir tersebut dapat dimanipulasi.

• Apabila diperlukan, sel-sel tersebut diatur kembali menjadi tanaman yang lengkap melalui manipulasi lingkungan tumbuhnya.

BASIS FOR PLANT TISSUE CULTURE

Explants Callus

Protoplasts Development Suspension cells

Organs (leaves, roots, shoots, flowers,...)

De-differentiation Re-differentiation

1. Meristems  2. Leaf sections  3. Bulb sections  4. Embryos  5. Anthers  6. Nucellus   

Callus formation

What is required?

EXPLANTS• A SMALL PIECE OF THE DESIRABLE PLANT

IS SELECTED.

• GENERALLY MERISTEMATIC TISSUE OR INTERNODAL SEGMENTS OF THE PLANT IS SELECTED FOR MICROPROPAGATION.

• THE SELECTED PLANT TISSUE IS CALLED AS EXPLANT.

EX-PLANT SOURCE

CULTURE MEDIUM

• THE TISSUE SO COLLECTED IS PLACED IN A CULTURE MEDIUM / NUTRIENT MEDIUM FOR THE MULTIPLICATION OF CELLS.

NUTRIENT MEDIA FOR PLANT TISSUE CULTURES

Functions of medium

MACROELEMENTS

MICROELEMENTS

FUNCTION OF NUTRIENTS IN PLANT GROWTH

ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Other Compounds

SUPPORT SYSTEMS

Media Formulations

3. PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS (Body building Plants)

Plant growth regulators used in plant tissue culture media

Normal concentration range is 10-7 ~ 10-5M

Morphogenetic response of thin cell layers explants of tobacco

TERIMA KASIH

TUGAS PER KELOMPOK

• 1. Pilih salah satu TOPIK (lihat di tipe-tipe Kuljar)• 2. Dibuat Makalah• 3. Format :• 4. Pustaka minimal 5 buah• 5. Dibuat PPT-nya dan digabungkan semua

kelompok dalam 1 (satu) CD• 6. Dikumpulkam pada minggu ke-3• 7. Di presentasikan mulai minggu ke-4

Format makalah• 1. Pendahuluan

– Latar Belakang– Tujuan (sesuai topik masing-masing)

• 2. Metodologi– Jenis Eksplan– Sterilisasi (teknik dan bahan sterilant) – Media– ZPT– SubKultur

• 3. Kesimpulan• 4. Daftar Pustaka

• Diketik di kertas A4• Spasi 1,15• Huruf Tahoma 10

Format makalah