KS3 Science Waves 2 Home Learning Name : _____________________________________ This topic has links to: • Waves – GCSE Maths in science: • Standard form • Converting units 1 Keywords: • Longitudinal • Transverse • Amplitude • Wavelength • Frequency • Ultrasound • Ultraviolet • Reflection • Refraction • Microphone
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KS3 ScienceWaves 2
Home Learning
Name : _____________________________________
This topic has links to:• Waves – GCSEMaths in science: • Standard form• Converting units
1
Keywords:• Longitudinal• Transverse• Amplitude• Wavelength• Frequency• Ultrasound• Ultraviolet• Reflection• Refraction• Microphone
Lesson 1: Introduction to soundLesson 2: Exploring soundLesson 3: Sound systemsLesson 4: Introduction to lightLesson 5: Exploring lightLesson 6: Exploring waves
Contents:
2
Lesson 1: Introduction to soundIn and on: Solve this cryptogram
Learning outcomes:- Describe how sound travels- Understand frequency, wavelength and amplitude- Explain how your ear detects sound
What can you remember about sound from year 7?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Task 1 – Use https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/topics/zw982hv to answer these questions.
1) What causes sound when a drum is hit?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2) What type of wave is sound? Draw a diagram to show this type of wave below._____________________________________________________
3
Task 2 – Label the diagram of the ear
3) What is the unit for loudness?_____________________________________________________
4) Label amplitude and wavelength onto the wave below:
5) Draw a wave that would have a higher pitch than the wave above:
6) What piece of equipment do we use to display a wave?_____________________________________________________
4
Task 3 – Explain how the ear converts sound waves into electrical signals_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Task 4 - Ear damage
Research various ways ears can be damaged.
Ear damage
5
Lesson 2: Exploring soundIn and On: Why can no-one hear you scream in space?
Use the following website to support you during this lesson
Use https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/topics/zw982hv to answer these questions.
Learning outcomes:Identify Understand the function of microphones and loudspeakers.Describe Understand how audio equipment responds to different frequencies.
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Extra Notes __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Uses of Ultrasound
Research the uses of ultrasound
Lesson 3 – Sound Systems
Use https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/topics/zw982hv to answer these questions.
Learning Outcomes:• Understand the function of microphones and loudspeakers.• Understand how audio equipment responds to different frequencies
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What is this?
________________________________________________________________________
What does it do?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Electromagnetic inductionWhen a _________ ______‘cuts’ though a _________, a voltage is _________,resulting in a flow of electric current. This is called _________________________When a magnet moves into a coil of wire, a voltage is induced and currentflows in one direction. When the magnet moves out of the coil, the _________of the induced voltage ________ and the current flows in the oppositedirection. When the magnet stops moving there is no induced voltage and nocurrent flows
As the magnet moves in an out of the coil, a current is induced that__________ changes direction. This is called an ____________ ____________.
Microphone
A microphone transfers energy from pressure waves into an electrical signal.
As sound waves arrive, the ______________ make a coil of wire vibrate. The coil is next to a ___________, so this produces a flow of ___________.
Loudspeaker
Once the electrical signal has been generated, we need to turn it back into pressure waves.
This is done using a loudspeaker. Earphones can be used instead, these are essentially tiny loudspeakers.
The electrical signal is fed into a coil of wire, which sits in a __________________. As the signal changes, the coil _____________. The coil is attached to a ___________ and this vibrates too. The vibrating cone makes the air vibrate.
Making audio recordings
Sounds vary according to how loud they are and also how high they are. If the sound is converted to an electrical signal, this has to be able to capture this information too. This is possible because the electrical signal isn’t a steady flow of current, such as from a battery, but keeps changing both in size and direction.
Louder sound –
Higher sound –
10
Lesson 4: Introduction to lightIn and on: Find the key words about light in the word search
Learning outcomes:- Describe how light travels and how we see- Understand reflection and refraction- Explain that light is white light is a mixture of different colours
Are these materials transparent, translucent or opaque?
Transparent – _______ of the light passes through Translucent – _______ of the light passes throughOpaque – _____ light is transmitted
11
Use https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/topics/zw982hv to answer these questions.
Light travels from the source in a ___________ line as rays, it is___________ off an object. The yellow bus will absorb all coloursof light apart from __________. The yellow light will reflect offthe bus and travel to the ______ and be detected.
What is diffuse reflection?
What is the rule for reflection?
12
Use https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/topics/zw982hv to answer these questions.
Complete the diagram below to show refraction
Explain why the refraction happens?
Lenses
13
Coloured lightWhite light is a mixture of different colours. We can separate the light using a triangular prism. We can also mix coloured light together to produce other colours.
What are the primary colours of light?
What colour is produced when blue and green light is mixed?
Plenary:
Complete the following sentences:
White light is made up of….
Light can….
Lenses can be used…
Extra notes_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Lesson 5 – Exploring LightUse https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/topics/zw982hv to answer these questions.
Learning Outcomes:• Understand light can vary in frequency.• Describe UV light and its risks.• Explain the uses of UV light.
Which colour has the longest wavelength?
Which colour has the shortest wavelength?
If you combine all the colours together, what do you get?
Additional notes ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
15
The Electromagnetic spectrum
The negatives of Ultraviolet and why it can be dangerous._________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Case study on Ultraviolet
The uses of Ultraviolet1. ____________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________________
Write down 5 facts that you can remember about the different waves on the electromagnetic spectrum._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
16
Wave Uses Picture of the use
Wave Advantage Disadvantage
Chose any 3 waves and complete the table below.
Chose any 3 waves and complete the table below.
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2. Why are we recommended not to use sunbeds? What happens to your DNA? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________3. Using what you know about the wavelengths of colour, why do you think sunsets are red colours? Think about the energy in each colour and our rather thick, protective atmosphere.
________________________________________________________
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4. What do you think is the most useful EM wave for human kind?
Which could we not live without?
________________________________________________________
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Exam questions
Additional notes ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Lesson 6 – Comparing transverse and longitudinal waves
Longitudinal waves - sound
In and On: Think about light and sound, and come up with ways in which these waves are similar and ways in which they are different.
Learning Outcomes:• Understand longitudinal waves.• Understand transverse waves.• Compare types of wave.
What is a longitudinal wave?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________How can this slinky represent a longitudinal wave? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Transverse waves – e.g. light
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What is a transverse wave?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________How can this slinky represent a transverse wave? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
22
23
Questions:
1. Which wave has the highest pitch?
2. Which wave has the highest frequency?
3. Which wave is the loudest?
4. Which wave has the smallest amplitude?
Similarities Differences24
Extra Notes ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Summary tasks 25
Key term Definition
Longitudinal Waves where the particles move in the direction of travel, e.g. sound waves
Transverse Waves where the particles move at right angles to the direction of travel, e.g. light waves
Amplitude The distance the peak of trough of a sound wave is from the centre line, amplitude is the scientific term for volume
Wavelength The distance between 2 identical points on a so
Frequency Number of waves passing a set point per second (Hertz)
Ultrasound Sound with a frequency higher than 20,000Hz
Infrasound Sound with a frequency lower than 20Hz
Induced An action created as a result of another.
Rarefaction The point where sound waves are spaced furthest apart
Compression The point where sound waves are most condensed
Reflection When a wave travelling in 1 direction is sent in another
Current The flow of electrons in a circuit
26Glossary
27GlossaryKey term Definition
Medium Material through which something travels such as sound.
Microphone Device for changing sound into an electrical signal
Signal Information being carried in an alternative way.
Loudspeaker Apparatus that converts electrical signals into sound
Diaphragm A thin membrane that can move in a magnetic gap
Ultraviolet A frequency of the EM spectrum not visible but harmful
Crest The top part of a sound wave when drawn in a diagram
Trough The lowest part of a sound wave when drawn in a diagram
Superposition When two identical but opposite sound waves are overlapped
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