Kingdom Monera What are PROKARYOTES? TEM of dividing cell • No true nucleus • No chloroplasts • No mitochondria other organelles They are ancient life forms known as bacteria Two major classes of bacteria Archaebacteria & Eubacteria Methanogens Extreme Thermophiles Extreme Halophiles Cyanobacteria (Blue-green algae) & other Gram negative bacteria Gram positive bacteria
Kingdom Monera. What are PROKARYOTES ?. They are ancient life forms. known as bacteria. No true nucleus. No chloroplasts. No mitochondria other organelles. Two major classes of bacteria. TEM of dividing cell. Archaebacteria. & Eubacteria. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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THE FOLLOWING ARE DIVISION◦CYANOPHYTA-Blue green algae
PHYCOLOGY SLIDE SHOW
CYANOBACTERIA - the ‘Blue-Green Algae are in the kingdom monera
Some Characteristics of the Cyanobacteria
* Contain Chlorophyll a and carotenoids, plus the phycobilins (proteinaceous photosynthetic pigments) phycocyanin and phycoerythrin (c f. Rhodophyta), found in thylakoids* Have cell walls of peptidoglycan, often with a mucilaginous sheath* The carbohydrate stored is glycogen* No flagella, but some exhibit gliding movements* Some fix nitrogen in specialized cells called heterocysts
In some genera the mucilaginous sheath forms a gelatinous matrix
Gelatinous matrixIndividual cells
Gloeocapsa
Filaments of Nostoc commune forming a
gelatinous ball
Bacteria that are:• Photosynthetic (convert
light energy to food)
• Produce O2 as a byproduct of photosynthesis
• Some have capacity to fix N2 into NH4
• Some produce toxins
• Some have formed millions of years old stromatolites as living structures
Division Cyanophyta
TEM of dividing cell
Cyanophytes have changed the path of evolution on earth
General features
150 genera2000 species,
Habitats:virtually everywhere
Oceans FreshwaterSoil HotspringsEpiphytes
Gram negative bacteria
Morphological Range:
Endophytes
Cell Walls:
Ancient organisms but well suited to earth’s habitats
Unicells to complex multicell organisms
Trichodesmium blooms can cover 2x106 km2 and be seen via satellites NASA