Kharif sorghum breeding report - 2019

……………………………………………….………..….………………. All India Coordinated Research Project on Sorghum, Hyderabad

3-Kharif Breeding-agm20 Page 1 of 62

Kharif sorghum breeding report - 2019

C Aruna coordinating with AICRP on Sorghum scientists

Contents

Executive summary ................................................................................................ .......... 2

Detailed report................................................................................................ ................. 9

Introduction................................................................................................ ....................... 9

A. Multi-location AICSIP trials................................................................ ........................... 9

1. Advanced Hybrid Trial (Tables 1.1 to 1.8, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D and 1E)................................................................ ........ 9 2. Advanced Variety Trial (Tables 2.1 to 2.8, 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D) ........................................................................... 123. Initial Hybrid Trial (Tables 3.1 to 3.8, 3A and 3B) ................................................................................................. 164. Initial Variety Trial (Tables 4.1 to 4.8, 4A to 4D) ................................................................................................... 19

B. Coordinated sorghum breeding research ..................................................................... 221. Initial Early Hybrid Trial (Tables 5.1 to 5.8, 5A) .................................................................................................... 232. Initial Specialty sorghum varietal trial (ISSVT) (Tables 6.1 to 6.9, 6) ................................................................... 23

C. Kharif sorghum breeding at IIMR ................................................................................ 241. Development kharif sorghum genotypes suitable for different seasons ............................................................... 242. Breeding sorghum for specific end uses .............................................................................................................. 253. ICAR consortia research platform on bio-fortification in selected crops for nutritional security (2017-20) ........... 254. Improvement of sweet and high biomass sorghums for biofuel and forage production ....................................... 27

D. Kharif sorghum breeding at AICSIP centers ................................................................. 271. AKOLA .................................................................................................................................................................. 272. CHAMARAJANAGAR ........................................................................................................................................... 323. COIMBATORE ..................................................................................................................................................... 334. DEESA ................................................................................................................................................................. 355. DHARWAD ........................................................................................................................................................... 366. HAGARI ................................................................................................................................................................ 387. HISAR ................................................................................................................................................................... 448. INDORE ................................................................................................................................................................ 469. NANDYAL ............................................................................................................................................................. 4810. PALEM ................................................................................................................................................................. 5011. PANTNAGAR ....................................................................................................................................................... 5112. PARBHANI ........................................................................................................................................................... 5313. SURAT ................................................................................................................................................................. 5514. UDAIPUR ............................................................................................................................................................. 58

E. Publications ............................................................................................................. 60Research Papers ........................................................................................................................................................... 60Oral presentations/ Abstract published in National Seminar / Symposia / Workshop /Conference ............................... 62



Executive summary Towards improvement of grain sorghum, both basic and applied research aspects were undertaken at ICAR-IIMR and All India Coordinated Sorghum Improvement Project (AICSIP) centers during 2019. Multi-location yield trials with the newly developed varieties and hybrids from the centers of AICRP-Sorghum and private companies were carried out as part of applied research. Basic and strategic research focused on development of new MS and R lines, breeding for earliness, breeding for colored sorghums, drought tolerance, resistance against key insects and diseases etc. Biotechnological tools as well as conventional breeding methodologies were employed towards this direction. Initiatives on inter-institutional hybrid development and testing involving various centers were also taken up. Multi-location AICSIP trials Advanced Hybrid Trial • In this trial 5 hybrids and 5 checks were evaluated across 9, 10 and 7 locations in Zone I, Zone II and Zone III,

respectively. Data were reported from 8 locations in Zone I, 8 locations in Zone II and 6 locations in Zone III. Of the hybrids tested, two were in the second year of advanced testing and 4 were in the first year of advanced testing. Zone I: In Zone I, the early hybrid, SPH 1883 performed slightly better for both grain (3986 kg/ha) and fodder yields (111q/ha) over the best early maturity check, CSH 30 (3838 kg/ha of grain yield and 108q/ha). Zone II : Though none of the hybrids could perform better than CSH 25 in this zone for grain yield, the hybrid, SPH 1912 ranked first in terms of fodder yield (143 q/ha) with 8% improvement over the best check, CSH 25 (133 q/ha). Zone III: The early hybrid, SPH 1914 recorded >10% improvement in grain yield (4150 kg/ha) and 3% improvement in fodder yield (155 q/ha) over the early check, CSH 30. All India: At national level, none of the medium maturing hybrids could out yield the best check, CSH 25 for grain and fodder yields. SPH 1883 and SPH 1914 were early hybrids maturing on par with CSH 30 and yielded 3-5% higher grain. Two hybrids, SPH 1883 and SPH 1886 have completed three years of testing in AICRP-sorghum. The compiled data over three years indicates that these hybrids performed better over CSH 30 but not over CSH 25 for grain and fodder yields across zones.

Advanced Variety Trial • In this trial nine varieties along with 5 checks were evaluated across 6, 7 and 6 locations in Zone I, Zone II and Zone III,

respectively. Of the varieties tested, two entries (SPV 2504 and SPV 2510) are in second year of advanced testing, while the rest seven entries are in first year of advanced testing. Zone I: In Zone I, for grain yield the variety, SPV 2569 with grain yield of 4385 kg/ha performed better than the best check, CSV 20 (4097 kg/ha) and recorded 7% grain yield advantage. Zone II: In Zone II, two varieties SPV 2569 (3613 kg/ha) and SPV 2571 (3569 kg/ha) were marginally better than the best check, CSV 27 (3497 kg/ha). Zone III: In Zone III, none of the test varieties were superior to the best check, CSV 31 for grain yield (4368 kg/ha). However, the test variety, SPV 2568 (197.6 q/ha) recorded higher fodder yield than the check, CSV 31 (180 q/ha) with 10% fodder yield advantage. In Zone III: CSV 20 was the top yielder for fodder (203 q/ha) and none of the test varieties could outyield CSV 20. All India: Two varieties, SPV 2504 and SPV 2510 have completed three years of testing in AICRP- sorghum trials. The compiled data over three years indicates that SPV 2504 has done well in Zone II, while SPV 2510 performed well in Zone I.

Initial Hybrid Trial • In this trial 12 test hybrids along with six checks were evaluated in RCBD for grain yield, fodder yield and other

agronomic traits across 14 locations, six in Zone I, five in zone II and three in Zone III. Zone I: Three early maturing hybrids, SPH 1941 (5051 kg/ha), SPH 1936 (4850 kg/ha) and SPH 1938 (4837 kg/ha) recorded about 10% higher grain yields compared to early hybrid check, CSH 30 (4441 kg/ha). Zone II: In Zone II one medium maturing hybrid, SPH 1939 (4082 kg/ha) recorded marginal grain yield superiority over the check, CSH 41 (3962 kg/ha). The early hybrids SPH 1936 (3636 kg/ha) and SPH 1938 (3659 kg/ha) which flowered on par with CSH 30 recorded a yield advantage of >30% over CSH 30 (2698 kg/ha). Zone III: In this zone, among the early hybrids, SPH 1936 (2914 kg/ha) and SPH 1938 (2539 kg/ha) recorded more than 20% grain yield advantage over the early check, CSH 30 (2008 kg/ha), while SPH 1943 (2391 kg/ha) and SPH 1941 (2263 kg/ha) recorded 10% improvement over CSH 30. All India: At All India level, though none of the medium hybrids were better than the check, CSH 41 (4111 kg/ha), the early hybrids, SPH 1936 (3977 kg/ha), SPH 1938 (3906 kg/ha) and SPH 1941 (3658 kg/ha) recorded >10% grain yield advantage over CSH 30 (3257 kg/ha), while SPH 1943 (3441 kg/ha) had 6% grain yield improvement over CSH 30



Initial Varietal Trial • In this trial 20 test varieties and 5 checks were evaluated in RCBD for grain yield, fodder yield and other agronomic

traits across 15 locations, six in Zone I, five in zone II and four in Zone III. Zone I: In this zone, though none of the test entries were better than the check, CSV 27 for grain yield (4168 kg/ha), for fodder yield three varieties, SPV 2683 (165.7 q/ha), SPV 2675 (159.7 q/ha) and SPV 2684 (157.7 q/ha) recorded 2-7% fodder yield improvement over the best check, CSV 27 (154.4 q/ha) Zone II: None of the test varieties could yield better than the best check, CSV 27 for grain (3566 kg/ha) and fodder (141.6 q/ha) in this zone. Zone III: Two test varieties, SPV 2688 (4337 kg/ha) and SPV 2672 (4266 kg/ha) recorded yield higher than the best check CSV 31 (4208 kg/ha). All India: One medium maturing variety, SPV 2688 (3961 kg/ha) recorded >5% grain yield superiority over the best check, CSV 27 (3746 kg/ha) with more than 5% grain yield advantage.

Coordinated sorghum breeding research • During 2019, two inter-institutional experiments, one initial early hybrid trial (IEHT) and one speciality sorghum trial

were conducted. • In IEHT, 11 test hybrids developed from MS and R lines contributed by Dharwad, Akola and IIMR were evaluated along

with two early hybrid checks, CSH 14 and CSH 30 in RCBD for grain yield, fodder yield and other agronomic traits across six locations, Dharwad, Akola, IIMR, Parbhani, Chamarajnagar and Udaipur. Three hybrids, SPH 1951 (4546 kg/ha), SPH 1950 (4485 kg/ha) and SPH 1955 (4455 kg/ha) could yield marginally better than the best check, CSH 30 (4391 kg/ha).

• A trial on specialty sorghums which was initiated under AICRP-sorghum to fast track the release of sorghum genotypes with special traits, was repeated during kharif 2019 with 25 entries, of which 12 were repeated from kharif 2018, 10 new entries and three checks, one colored sorghum check, Paiyur 2, two white sorghum checks, CSV 20 and CSV 17. The material consists of five red grained genotypes, 11 yellow genotypes, 2 brown grained genotypes. This trial was conducted across five locations, i.e. Palem, Akola, Parbhani, Hagari and Dharwad. SPV 2617 with yellow seed was the high grain yielding variety (4997 kg/ha) followed by SPV 2612 (4426 kg/ha) and SPV 2624 (4190 kg/ha). These entries showed 7.2-28% grain yield improvement over the best check, CSV 17 (3907 kg/ha).

Kharif sorghum breeding at IIMR The kharif sorghum improvement program at IIMR continues to give emphasis on diversification of genetic base to break the yield plateau, development of parental lines with high combining ability and hybrids with high heterosis, development of high yielding varieties and hybrids with good grain quality suitable for different end uses. Emphasis is also given on breeding for important biotic stresses such as grain molds, shoot fly, stem borer etc.

In the project on development of kharif sorghum genotypes suitable for different seasons, of the Sixty five experimental hybrids based on 12MS and 15 R lines evaluated along with the checks, CSH16, CSH25, CSH30, CSH 35 and private hybrids, three medium maturing hybrids recorded more than 5% increase in grain yield over the best check, CSH 25. The highest yielder among them was 1194A x CB33 which recorded 20% grain yield advantage over CSH 25. 31 were found to be early maturing with days to flower ranging from 56-64, where the early hybrid, CSH 30 flowered in 58 days. Six early maturing hybrids, recorded more than 10% grain yield improvement over the check, CSH 30. One early hybrid, 372A x CB 33 recorded 28% grain yield improvement over CSH 30 and about 10% superiority over CSH 25. 56 superior and genetically uniform advance breeding lines derived from restorer × restorer crosses were evaluated along with four varietal checks for testing the performance per se and further utilization as parental lines or OPVs during kharif 2019. Grain yield ranged from 1021 to 5057 kg/ha, and four breeding lines recorded higher grain yield than the best check, CSV 27. IIMR Nos. 19060 and 19051 derived from [AKR 372-1 x DSR 971 (CS 3541 x CB 87)] recorded above 10% grain yield advantage. Five test sorghum hybrids along with the checks (Private hybrids) were evaluated on two farmers’ fields (Davulapalli and Ananthavaram) near Tenali to understand the farmer preferences under zero tillage in rice fallows of Krishna Basin. Relative preferences of sorghum cultivars by the progressive farmer, was based on the plant stature and in relation to its non-lodging feature. The most preferred cultivars by the farmer were RFSH 1 and RFSH 5. Ten grain mold tolerant lines were evaluated for their level of tolerance to grain molds in National grain mold nursery of AICSIP. Five of them were tested for second year and five for first time. GMN 16-4 was consistently good with grain mold resistance onpar with the resistant line, B 58586. Keeping in view the importance of colored sorghum genotypes, a red sorghum genotype, IIMR Red was developed at IIMR by crossing CSV 15 with the colored germplasm line, IS23514. IIMR red which was found promising in station trials was given for multilocation trial under AICRP-Sorghum.

ICAR Consortia Research Platform on Biofortification in selected crops for nutritional security: 49 promising selections involving ICSR 14001 as one of the parents were evaluated for identifying superior advance breeding lines. The grain yield ranged from 1447 to 4696 kg/ha while the check (ICSR 14001) recorded 3133 kg/ha. Use of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) for grain micronutrient estimation is laborious and time consuming and also destructive. There is limitation for number of samples that can me characterized. In order to assess the grain iron and zinc content rapidly and in



a non-destructive manner attempts were made to calibrate X-ray Fluorescence equipment and standardize through validation. A set of 50 samples with good range of variation and well distributed values was used for initial calibration of XRF. From this set selected samples were used for further fine tuning of the calibration and generate calibration curves for intensity vs. given concentration of iron and zinc. The standardization is nearly complete for samples with micronutrient levels of 20-40 ppm. Good variation was observed for both iron and zinc content among 250 genotypes comprising cultivars (mean Fe 32.63±0.52, Zn 22.12±0.44), parental lines of hybrids (mean Fe 34.32±0.71, Zn 23.34±0.51) and selected germplasm accessions (mean Fe 32.57±0.47, Zn 24.63±0.39) collected from major sorghum growing areas. Significant positive correlation was recorded between Fe and Zn content (r=0.55-0.92), which indicates possibility of simultaneous improvement for both. In order to find out whether coloured sorghum genotypes possess better micronutrient status compared to white grains and also to identify suitable donors nearly 200 accessions of coloured germplasm comprising both indigenous collection and exotic accessions were planted in the field during rabi 2018-19 and grain samples were harvested for grain iron and zinc estimation. The grain iron ranged from 23.7 ppm to 55.4 ppm among the indigenous accessions while in IS lines it lied between 23 ppm and 58.2 ppm. For grain zinc range was from 24.4 ppm to 67.7 ppm and 23.9 ppm to 65.3 ppm among indigenous accessions and IS lines, respectively. For the development of RILs for polyphenols and phytate that affect the bioavailability of iron and zinc, two crosses (SPV 1758 × EA 10, IS 8525 × POP 52) were made with contrasting parents. The stable RILs in F10 have been multiplied and seeds are available for phenotyping and genotyping to identify genomic regions associated with polyphenol and phytate. An association mapping panel consisting of 250 genotypes comprising cultivars, parental lines and selected germplasm accessions representing substantial genetic diversity has been constituted for GWAS and field evaluated for identifying marker-trait association for grain iron and zinc. Population structure analysis of the association panel showed minimum number of clusters (two) revealing a low level of genetic structure of the population and there by its suitability for association mapping. The panel was genotyped using more than 160 SSR markers. Improvement of sweet and high biomass sorghums for biofuel and forage production: During kharif 2019, 30 sweet sorghum varieties including the checks CSV 19SS, SSV74 and CSV 24SS were evaluated in a replicated trial to identify promising varieties with high stalk and sugar yields. Significant differences were observed among the varieties for most of the characters studied. The variety (RSCN 2103 X SSV 84)-2-1-3-1-1-1-2 recorded the highest fresh biomass yield of 70 t/ha and was 17% superior to the best check CSV 19SS (60 t/ha). The next best varieties with 12% more biomass yields over the check were (SPV 1871 X SSV 74)-5-2-1-1-1-2, (SPV 1871 X ICSV93046)-2-3-1-1 and (SPV 1871 X ICSV93046)-2-3-1-3. With respect to juice yield, (SPV 1871 X SSV 74)-5-2-1-1-1-1 recorded the highest yields of 17559 L/ha and was 57 % superior to the best check CSV 24SS (11178 L/ha). The other promising variety was (SPV 1871 X ICSV93046)-2-1-1-1 with a juice yield of 15417 L/ha and 37% superiority over the check. For total sugars, the entry (N 592 X N594)-1-3-5-1-1-2-1 was promising. (SPV 1871 X SSV 74)-5-2-1-1-1-1 was promising for juice and ethanol yields. In the trial on high biomass sorghums, twenty four high biomass sorghum breeding derivatives including check CSH 22SS were evaluated for biomass traits during kharif 2019 in a replicated trial. The entry (SSV74 x SSV84 Tall)-6-1-1 recorded the highest fresh biomass yield of 68 t/ha and was 48 % superior to the elite check CSH 22SS (46 t/ha) (Fig 1). The next promising entry was (SSV84 Tall x RSSV351)-2-3-1 with a fresh biomass yield of 46 t/ha. These two entries were also promising for dry biomass.

Kharif sorghum breeding at AICRP-Sorghum centers Akola: During kharif 2019-20, in grain breeding programme, in restorer development programme 94 selections under F4 generation, 62 individual plant selections under F5 generation, 27 individual plant selections under F6 generation were made. Similarly in eight R x R crosses under F5 generation, 30 selections were made. Similarly 28 selections under F9 generation and 41 selections in F10 generation were made. Under MS line development programme, total 32 BC pairs were made. In grain mold resistance breeding programme,in B line development programme, among the 6 F4 double crosses received form the Project, total 25 selections were made. In MS line development programme, total 29 BC pairs were made. In shoot fly resistance breeding programme, under R line development programme, total 105 individual plant selections were made among the 12 crossed in F5 generation. In MS line development programme, total 27 BC pairs were made. Under the programme of enrichment of sorghum for micronutrients (zinc and iron), among the 16 F4 (R x R) crosses, total 161 individual plant selections were made. Total five station hybrid/varietal trials a six AICSIP trials were conducted successfully. Seven NAAS rated papers were published. Twelve popular articles were also published. During kharif 2019, the maintenance of A, B, R lines, experimental hybridization programme and varietal selection programme was carried out.

Chamarajanagar Germplasm Collection: A total of 84 local Germplasm (Makri Jowar-55, Sweet Sorghum-21 and Fodder Sorghum-8) were collected from different villages of kanakapura taluk, Ramanagara District, Karnataka state . Hybridization program : New crosses attempted: Kharif,2019: Gundlupet local X CSV-17; Rabi ,2019-20: Gundlupet local X CSV-29R Segregating material (F4): Thirty five single plant selections were made from the three different double crosses for different yield traits



Coimbatore Genetic resources: During Late Kharif’ 2019 a total of 142 sorghum accessions comprising of 100 numbers from Dr Ramaiah gene bank of Department of Plant Genetic Resources, two numbers from ICRISAT, Hyderabad and 40 numbers from Department of Millets were raised at Fd.No.NA3C on 13.08.2019 for DUS traits evaluation and characterization. All the DUS traits were recorded and documented for further utilization. Grain Sorghum Variety release: A promising culture TNS 648 which is a hybrid derivative of the cross (APK 1 x M35-1) developed at Department of Millets, TNS648 with grain yield potential of 2900 kg under irrigated condition and 2400 kg/ha under rainfed condition with dry fodder yield of 11 and 6.5 t/ha has been released during this year. It matures in 105 - 110 days, Grains are highly acceptable, Yellow white in colour, borne on medium semi-compact ear heads. The culture TNS 648 is moderately resistant to shoot fly and stem borer and moderately resistant to downy mildew and grain mould. It has high protein (11.31-14.66%) and fibre content (5.8%) along with better cooking quality traits. Hence, the culture TNS 648 is proposed to be released as CO 32 for general cultivation in Tamil Nadu for both in rainfed and irrigated condition. The culture TNS 661 is in second year ART. In UVT-S-19 and UVT-K19 the cultures TNS 676 and TNS 680 were found to be promising. In PYT, K 8 x IS 18551- 11-6-1-1-1 and CO 26 x B 35- 16-5-1-2-1 were found to be promising by recording grain yield of 4583 and 4444 kg/ha with increased yield of 14 and 10 percent over Co 30 and 22 and 19 percent increase over K12. The same entries also recorded high fodder yield of 8000 and 7902 kg/ha with yield increase of 8.8 and 7.5 over CO 30 and 20 and 18.6 percent over K12. 125 kg of Co 30 breeder seed were produced and supplied during the year 2019-20. The trial on screening for drought resistance (CO 32+ six local land races), MLT-S (4+2), UVT (5+2), Germplasm lines ( Yellow grain types= 20 nos, ICRISAT lines 34.), R lines ( 11 Nos.), AB lines ( 8 pairs ), F2 ( 7 crosses), F3( 18 families, 6 crosses), F4 (10 familes), F5( six familes) were raised and the crop is in seedling stage. In AICRP-sorghum four grain trials were conducted and data submitted

Forage sorghum: Under MLT Kharif’19, two entries were tested and MLT-FS-K-19-03 was found to be promising with green fodder yield of 62.50 t/ha with % increase of 53.84 % over CO 27 (40.63 t/ha) and 15.70 % increase over K11 (51.56 t/ha). In Summer’19, UVT I totally six entries along with three checks were tested to evaluate the green fodder yield. Five entries performed superior than CO 27 (33.19 Kg/Plot) for green fodder yield. UVT II - Summer’19, eight entries were evaluated for green fodder yield. Among the entries tested only two entries viz., TNFS 220 and TNFS 222 were found superior than CO 27 and CSV 24SS. These two entries were nominated to MLT testing during 2019-20. UVT II - Kharif’19, Five entries tested along with three checks. The culture TNSS 227 recorded the green fodder yield of 67.19 t/ha over the check varieties namely CSV24SS (54.69 t/ha) and CO 27 (40.63 t/ha) followed by TNSS 224 recorded 64.84 t/ha. Breeder seed production: To achieve the target sowing taken up in 0.4ha in Fd.No MBS 12. At present the crop is in seed development to maturity stage. The target will be achieved. During 2019-20, multicut forage sorghum CSV 33MF - 401 kg breeder seed was produced and supplied to the different seed producing institutes. In AICRP on Sorghum, Forage sorghum (4) and sweet sorghum (1) trials were successfully conducted and data sheet submitted. Deesa: Under Sorghum evaluation programme, two station trials, four state (Multi location) trials as well as eight coordinated trials of dual, grain, forage and high biomass sorghum were taken during 2019-20 . Under breeding programme total 22 crosses of dual and forage sorghum were attempted and 19 crosses made successfully. Under the generation advancement 757 single plant progenies of dual and fodder sorghum (F1 to F8) were grown of which 332 progenies have advanced on the basis yield and disease- pest resistance parameter. Two hundred thirty accessions of sorghum maintained at the centre. Produced breeder and truthful seed of different crop varieties by the centre. During last Kharif total 16 entries of dual type and fodder type sorghum where contributed under state programme out of which six entries viz., DS 156, DS 159, DS 172, DS 184, DS 189 and DS 200 has promoted in dual sorghum based on grain and dry fodder, while five entries viz., DSF 117, DSF 168, DSF 186, DSF 187, DSF 192 has promoted in forage sorghum, respectively.

Under the coordinated evaluation programme, eight trials were conducted at the station. Under the dual/grain sorghum, evaluated 39 entries and 29 hybrids in four different trials viz., initial varietal trial, initial hybrid trial, advance varietal trial and advance hybrid trial. Under the fodder sorghum total 56 entries were evaluated by three trials viz., initial & advance varietal & hybrid trial (Multi cut), initial varietal and hybrid trial (single cut) and advance varietal and hybrid trial (single cut). Other than dual, grain and fodder sorghum a trial of high biomass sorghum with 11 entries were evaluated.

Dharwad: Kharif sorghum is important for North Karnataka not only for grains but also for fodder. Hence main objective is to develop improved varieties and hybrids for dual purpose coupled with tolerance to biotic stress like, grain mold disease and shoot fly pest. Six AICRP trials viz., IVT (GS), IHT (GS), AVT (GS), AHT (GS), IEHT and ISSVT were conducted during kharif 2019. Nine entries comprising of five hybrids and four varieties from Dharwad centre were tested in AICRP trials. Genotype, SPV-2423 has been identified by VIC during 2018 and submitted for notification. Two MLTs and five station trials have been conducted besides, evaluation of germplasm and different segregating generations. There was one private hybrid testing trial to compare the performance of different private company sorghum hybrids.



Hagari: Agriculture Research Station, Hagari is situated in Karnataka, it is now belong to Hyderabad Karnataka region. It belongs to university of Agriculture Sciences, Raichur. Receive an annual rainfall of 515.30 mm. During season 2019 received total rainfall of 686 mm and conducted IAVHT SS, Multicut Fodder, Specialty Sorghum, IVT, IHT, AVT and AHT trials. Rabi Sorghum improvement was carried out with the objective of development of superior varieties for grain and fodder, early grain type, bold seeded type, charcoal rot resistance, shoofly resistance through glossiness and trichome QTL introgression, post flowering drought resistance, high TE- low response to VPD and high water extraction capacity lines. Also mutation breeding carried out to develop non lodging sorghum lines. Mutation breeding material developed and trials are conducted in collaboration with BRNS was sown at ARS Hagari for evaluation. Station trials were carried out at ARS, Hagari and found Kranthi X 43, 15, 13, 11,10,5,2 and 14 were found superior in STS-1. IS -1, 24, 8X3XGS-23(white bold), 20 and MJP-1-5 were found superior in STS-2. IIMR germplasm were evaluated during rabi season.

Hisar: During kharif 2019, four AICRP breeding trials including IAVHT-MC, IVHT-SC, AVHT-SC, IIHT trial, nine entomology trials (including sweet sorghum trial, multicut trial, single cut trial, SPN-Kh 2019 and HBM trial), one pathology and five agronomy trials were conducted successfully. Among station breeding trials, 24 MS based hybrids were evaluated for fodder yield and quality. In four breeding station trials, 38 genotypes were tested along with checks and among them some promising genotypes were selected. Quality analysis for HCN, IVDMD% and CP% was carried out for all agronomical and breeding trials. A total of 260 genotypes were analyzed for quality traits from Pantnagar and Udaipur. 139 samples of various trials were screened in entomological trials for various insect pests. Forage Sorghum Germplasm S 614-13 is registered with NBPGR for high IVDMD% and resistance to Anthracnose with INGR No. 19060 and IC No. 0632083. Pummy Kumari , Satpal and Umaknth A.V. got 2nd position in Poster presentation in National workshop on Production, Processing, and value addition of Nutri-cereals (Millets) in India held on 16th Sept. 2019. During this period, annual group meet of sorghum was organized by Forage Section, Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS HAU Hisar in collaboration with IIMR, Hyderabad. Two Phone in Programs were delivered on green fodder production round the year, eight research papers have been published and six papers are presented in national and international conferences/seminars/symposiums.

Indore: Four genotypes were contributed in Coordinated Trials and tested i.e. two in IVT ( GS) ( IV 19-3 & IV 19-4) and Two in HBM trial( IV 19-1 & IV 19-2). Four station trials i.e. SVT I(20 entries), SVT II(20 entries), SHT I (48 entries) and SHT II(12 entries) were conducted. 58 Indore bred restorers were evaluated for agronomical traits. Evaluation of 150 germplasm lins were grown and evaluated. Total rainfall during crop season was 1587.1 mm with 68 rainy days. Due to Continuous rain crop was severely damaged during floral primordial stage, flag leaf & boot leaf stage, Flowering and dough stages . This caused below listed adverse effects like delayed thinning and transplanting, delayed flowering, poor pollination, very Poor seed setting, heavy grain mold.

Ludhiana: A total of seven coordinated (including three forage sorghum, one brown midrib (SC), one high biomass, one inter-institutional hybrid and one sweet sorghum) trials were allotted which were conducted successfully. In addition to this five station trials were conducted including one multilocation trial in which promising fodder sorghum varieties/hybrids were evaluated for high fodder yield and better forage quality. In the multilocation trial SSG 1933 was found promising with good fodder yield in the first cut as it recorded comparative fodder yield to the local check PSC 4. Three single cut varieties evaluated over the locations against the check varieties SL 44 and Sugargraze (the most popular hybrid in the state of Pvt. Co.) showed their superiority for green fodder as well as dry matter yield against both the check varieties. In the station trial five promising hybrids developed by PAU were evaluated against PSC 4 and of these PSC 10 recorded the highest green fodder as well as dry matter yield. This PSC 10 hybrid was also evaluated in the AICRP trials for the third year during kharif 2019. Five Pvt Co hybrids were also evaluated against PSC 4 hybrid and it was found that none of the Pvt Co hybrid gave better yield than PSC 4. In addition to these twenty one genotypes were evaluated for salinity tolerance. HC 308, SSG 59-3, SCL 1, CISV 2077 and CISV 94012 etc were found tolerant to salinity as these showed very good plant stand with good growth under high salinity conditions. Development of one new composite fodder sorghum variety is in progress. The newly developed sweet sorghum variety SCL 4 (developed by PAU Ludhiana centre) was evaluated against Sugargraze along with five other genotypes where in SCL 4 out yielded the Sugargraze for biomass yield. In the germplasm about 40 A/B pairs along with 80 restorer lines were maintained. Hundred germplasm lines including sweet sorghum and high biomass lines are also being maintained. Thirty lines of different segregating generations received from IIMR are being evaluated and single plant/progeny selections were made. Sweet sorghum lines were also maintained and involved in crosses also. Seed of released sorghum hybrids (PSC 1 and PSC 4) was produced along with the seed of their parental lines, and the seed of SL 44 variety was also produced.

Nandyal: Research activities of Sorghum Breeding at RARS, Nandyal: Evaluation of coordinated trials of kharif and rabi sorghum cultures to identify the hybrids and varieties suitable for scarce rainfall zone of Andhra Pradesh. Maintenance of Male sterile and Restorer lines for the development of high yielding heterotic sorghum hybrids tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Maintenance of A, B and Restorer lines; Synthesis of new hybrids; Evaluation of hybrids in the yield trials; Development of high yielding rabi sorghum varieties/hybrids through hybridization and selection with good grain quality along with biotic and abiotic tolerance suitable for Andhra Pradesh; Attempting New Crosses; Study Of Segregating Generations And Breeding Material; Evaluation of Varietal Trials and Multilocation Trials of Rabi Sorghum; Varietal Improvement in Fodder Sorghum through creation and Study of Genetic Variability through Hybridization and Pedigree



Breeding; Attempting New Crosses. Study Of Segregating Generations And Breeding Material Collection, Conservation, Characterization, Evaluation, Cataloguing and Utilization of Sorghum Genetic Resources in breeding programmes. (White, Yellow and Sweet sorghum germplasm).

From early inception of the research at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Nandyal during 1906, there was millet research headed by G.R. Hilson (1906-1918), P.H. Rama Reddy (1918-1930) and others under British rule. Sorghum, cotton and other millets were major crops in the region completely cultivated under rainfed condition. During 1935, millets research scheme was started by observing huge area of cultivation of sorghum in the region. With focused efforts, the station developed and released N-1, an yellow sorghum variety, which was suitable for the geographic rainfed condition. Later on by consistent focused research efforts ‘N series’ (Nandyal) varieties from N-1 to N-14 were released for the region. Among these varieties, N-13, which was developed in 1966, is a striga resistant line. Later on, N-14, a dual purpose high yielding yellow sorghum variety, was developed having distinct drooping panicle characteristic which repels bird menace. This regional station also put serious effort in developing white sorghum varieties along with yellow sorghum varieties. In this connection, white grain sorghum variety, NTJ-1 was developed during 1960s. In those days, Nandyal station was competently associated itself with national programmes in millet improvement. Later on NTJ-2 was developed which was called ‘Teepi Jonna’ having brix value of 18. It was developed for food and fodder purpose. But now it is recommended by ICRISAT as international check for varietal sweet sorghum trials due to its potentiality for grain yield and juice content under rainfed condition. Later on, Nandyal research station developed NTJ-3, followed by NTJ-4 in white grain sorghum. Both are suitable high yielding varieties having dual purpose nature for rainfed condition in the region. Recently NTJ-5, a high yielding (18-25q/ac) drought tolerant semi dwarf white sorghum variety moderately tolerant to shoot fly and stem borer and suitable for mechanical harvesting released through SVRC for the state of Andhra Pradesh. N-15 (10-12q/ac) high yielding drought tolerant yellow sorghum variety released through SVRC for the state of Andhra Pradesh. Our centre is conducting coordinated and parental line evaluation trials of AICSIP after it became voluntary centre since 2006. AICRP on Sorghum is functioning at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Nandyal under the control of Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Hyderabad from 01.09.2017, this Project functioned as part of the erstwhile ICAR Project for the improvement of millets with full assistance from IIMR, Hyderabad.

Palem: The AICSIP scheme at R.A.R.S., Palem has been the lead centre for Kharif sorghum research in the then erstwhile Andhra Pradesh state and the now newly formed Telangana state. Since its inception during the year 1982-83, this center is continuously working for the improvement of sorghum by developing high yielding cultivars, improved production technologies and identification of resistant source germplasm against biotic and abiotic stresses. The consistent efforts have culminated in the release of six high yielding dual purpose sorghum varieties viz., PSV-1 (1997), Palem-2 (2002), PSV 56 (Srisaila, 2012) CSV 31 (Palamuru Jonna, 2015), PYPS 2 (Palem Pacha Jonna 1, 2019 ) and CSV 41 (Telangana Jonna 1, 2019) and two high yielding sorghum hybrids, namely PSH-1 (1999) and ASH-1 (1999). A high yielding dual purpose sorghum variety PSV 512 has completed two years of minikit testing and showing constant good results.Further, several improved lines are in the pipeline. In addition to AICSIP scheme, R.A.R.S., Palem is a centre for an AICRP – millets scheme with a mandate to develop high yielding biotic/abiotic stress resistant minor millets including pearl millet.The centre is credited with the release of PHB-3, a high yielding and downy mildew tolerant pearl millet hybrid in 2012. Further, PRS-2, a high yielding, short duration and blast tolerant finger millet variety has completed three years of minikit testing, PKS 22, high yielding ragi variety and PHB 1625, high yielding biofortified bajra hybrid completed 2 years of minikit testing. Simultaneous research in both sorghum and minor millets offers an advantage in developing and promoting millets technology in the state.

With the establishment of Krishi Vigyan Kendra in 2011 within the premises of R.A.R.S., Palem training and transfer of technology especially with regard to the popularization of improved cultivars and production/protection technologies has been strengthened. Further, the centre received support from external funding agencies such as DST, UGC, NABARD, RKVY NICRA, MIFLI, OFID,GCDT and Harvest plus etc. for execution of several basic, strategic and applied research projects

Pantnagar: Pantnagar centre of G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology is the leading forage sorghum centre of the country with major mandate of developing high yielding single cut and multicut forage sorghum varieties and hybrids with improved nutritional quality. The centre is putting its noteworthy efforts in fulfilling the needs of green and dry fodder in the country. Till date Pantnagar has developed and released 12 single cut and multicut varieties, 2 multicut and 1 single cut hybrids viz. CSH 20 MF, CSH 24MF and CSH 40F. Last year, release proposal of four varieties two single cut (Pant Chari 12 and Pant Chari 13) and two multicut (Pant Chari 14 and Pant Chari 15) have been submitted to State Seed Sub-Committee, Uttarakhand for release. The hybrid CSH 24MF is in great demand with private seed companies and MOUs are in operation between IIMR, Hyderabad and many seed companies to produce large quantity of hybrid seed of CSH 24 MF under PPP mode. Conversion breeding programme has also been initiated to develop the different parental lines (A/B) for fodder hybrids to address the problems of poor seed yielding ability and lack of fodder attributes in conventional CMS lines being used in single cross hybrid development of forage sorghum. Development ´three-way cross´ and red grain hybrid is also in progress. Beside two multicut hybrids SPH 1881 (UTMCH 1319) in AHT II, UTMCH 1320 in IHT and three single cut hybrids SPH 1918 (UTFSH 6) in AHT I, UTFSH 8 in IHT, UTFSH 9 in IHT and four varieties two multicut (UTMC 558 in IVT, UTMC 559 in IVT) and one single cut variety SPV 2589 (UTFS 79) in AVT-I, two single cut three-way cross hybrids SPH



1891 (UTFSH 5) in AVT-II and SPH 1919 (UTFSH 7) in AVT-I were also tested during Kharif 2019 in AICRP. One single cut released variety CSV 35F also tested in special type sorghum trial. A collection of 325 diverse germplasm and 21 pairs of A/B lines were maintained and utilized under pre-breeding programme which also involved planting of 32 new crosses, 599 single plant progenies and 872 progeny bulks of 136 crosses of different generations from F2 to F7 onwards for rigorous evaluation and single plant/bulk selections through within and between progeny rows/progeny bulks selection for desirable fodder traits viz. multicut/tillering, single cut/dual purpose, sweetness/juiciness of stem, brown midrib traits, foliar disease resistant and earliness etc. A total of 785 single plants selection from 268 single plant progenies and 552 progeny bulks belonging to 90 different crosses in various generations were selected. B line improvement programme for disease resistance, panicle size/ seed yielding ability, red seed colour and earliness is also in progress and 162 F5 single plant progenies of 10 B x B crosses were planted of which 420 single plant selections from 149 single plant progenies of 10 crosses were selected and advanced to F6 generation. Under R line/donor/varietal development programme, 9 multicut high tillering types as restorers, 2 sweet and juicy types, 9 disease resistant stay green types and 6 stable brown mid types as donors were identified. Eleven elite lines based on their performance in station trials were also identified for multi-location yield and quality evaluation trials.

Parbhani: At Sorghum Research Station, Parbhani total 11 AICSIP and 04 station trials in addition to these two Physiology and one State level trial were also conducted successfully during kharif 2019. Whereas, during rabi 2019-20, 04 AICSIP and 02 station trials are under evaluation. Two state level and two sorghum Physiology trials are also allotted to this research station and are under field evaluation. 07 kharif and 12 rabi entries developed by this research station were contributed and evaluated in different AICSIP and state level trials. Information regarding development, evaluation, selection and allied activities of breeding material is given as per the format under different headings.

Rahuri: The AICSIP MPKV, Rahuri is mandatory working on rabi sorghum. Total 641 mm rainfall was received in 36 days as against average rainfall of 520 mm during 2019-20. During rabi season, due to better moisture conservation practices and timely sowing the initial growth was satisfactory in all the experimental plots. Due to continue rainfall during the month of October(244 mm) resulted into heavy infestation of foliar diseases. Due to infestation of foliar diseases the yield level was hampered. In general rabi season was quite favorable to rabi sorghum crop.

Surat: During the year 2019-20, the first rainfall was received in the second week of June-19 with 19 mm in 3 rainy days. The sowing of the AICSIP and State trials were carried out from last week of June to first week of July. The germination was good in most of entries. In the months of June, July, August, September and October, 220, 621, 296, 356 and 20 mm rainfall was received in 11, 16, 14, 19 and 2 rainy days, respectively. During the kharif season total 1597 mm rainfall was received in 67 rainy days up to 3rd week of October. The elevation of Surat is 11.34 m above MSL and its Latitude and Longitude are 20”–12’ N and 72”-52’ E, respectively. During kharif 2019, total ten project trials including four on grain sorghum, four on forage sorghum and each one on sweet sorghum and high biomass were successfully conducted at Surat, while two trials on grain sorghum at Mangrol were successfully conducted. One trials on rabi sorghum was successfully conducted at Tanchha during Rabi 2018-19. Under station trials, total three trials of grain sorghum and three of forage sorghum were conducted at 16 locations during Kharif-2019. In grain sorghum genotypes SR-2980, SR-2957, SR-3019, SR-3048, SR-3049,SR-3040,DS-184, SR-3055, SR-3051,SR-3052, SR-3059, SR-3061, SR-3056 while in forage SRF-332, DFS-168, SRF-400, SRF-404, DFS-187, DFS-192, SRF-405, SRF-406, SRF-407, SRF-408, SRF-411, SRF-412 were found promising.

Udaipur: The Rajasthan State received a total of 796.00 mm rains till the end of September which is 49.00% more than the last year rains. It is the third chance in last 30 years that state received more than 700 mm rains. Total rainfall received in the Udaipur district during crop season kharif 2019 was 1148.00 mm which was more than double than last year rains (507.93mm). The average rainfall of Udaipur is 620 mm. However there were no rains received from 7th July to 21st July 2019 that was the crucial phase for germination and plant establishment that affect the experimental performance badly. In all there were only 7 rainy days during this crucial period of July, 2019 which received only 138.mm rains. Contrary to this monsoon pattern, there was continuous heavy rains to light shower during whole of the August received 529.00 mm rains that too badly affect to perform various interculture operation timely in the experimental fields. This year the state received average to heavy rains in 20 districts and abnormal rains in 9 districts while 4 districts have low to very low rains. The Pratapgarh, Chittorgarh, Jhalawar, Bundi, Ajmer and Rajsamand districts received double the rain as compare to year 2018 (more than 1500mm). Usually monsoon recedes every year between 15-20 Septembers but the Udaipur centre received rains even up to 4th of Oct.2019. This situation is resulted in 80-100 % crops failure in the region. Crop growth in this monsoon pattern is erratic as fields were flooded and submerged due to water logging for a long period of time. One breeding MLT trial and one plant pathology trial is completely vitiated due to submerged condition for a long time. Priority areas of research identified for the centre: Development of early maturity, high yielding grain/dual purpose and fodder genotypes (single cut) with resistance to major insect pest and diseases along with abiotic stresses resistance for sorghum growing farmers of the country as whole.

Publications: During 2019-20 on grain, forage and sweet sorghum improvement total 46 research papers, 13 conference presentations and abstracts, 49 popular and technical articles, and 4 folders were published.



Detailed report Introduction Basic and applied research addressing grain sorghum improvement was taken up during the year 2019-20. Under applied research, multi-location yield trials of finished or near finished products (varieties and hybrids) contributed by the centers of All India Coordinated Research Project on sorghum (AICRP-Sorghum) and private companies were conducted during this year. Basic and strategic research focused on development of new parental (MS and R lines) lines, new cultivars, breeding for colored sorghums, breeding for earliness, breeding end use specific genotypes, resistance against key insects and diseases etc. Efforts were made to develop early maturing kharif sorghum hybrids by pooling the early MS and R lines from different centres. A trial on early hybrids was executed involving the hybrids developed in this activity. The trial on specialty sorghums was repeated during this kharif. All the trials of kharif grain sorghum were analyzed under the new zonation system comprising of the following three main zones for grain sorghum:

1. Zone I- Southern zone: Centres in the states of AP, Karnataka, Tamilnadu and Telangana 2. Zone II- Central zone: Centres in the states of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh 3. Zone III- North and North-western zone: Centres in the states of Gujarath, Rajasthan

The progresses made during the kharif 2019 are discussed under the following heads:

I. Multi-location AICRP-Sorghum trials II. Coordinated sorghum breeding research III. Kharif sorghum breeding at IIMR IV. Kharif sorghum breeding at AICSIP centers V. Publications

A. Multi-location AICRP on Sorghum trials During kharif 2019 four trials, viz., Advanced Hybrid Trial (AHT), Advanced Variety Trial (AVT), Initial Hybrid Trial (IHT) and Initial Variety Trial (IVT) were conducted across 15 (initial trials) to 20-23 locations (advanced trials). 1. Advanced Hybrid Trial (Tables 1.1 to 1.8, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D and 1E) In this trial 5 hybrids and 5 checks were evaluated across 9, 10 and 7 locations in Zone I, Zone II and Zone III, respectively. Data were reported from all 8 locations in Zone I, 8 locations in Zone II and 6 locations in Zone III. Trials got vitiated principally due to heavy and continuous rains at the time of flowering at some locations. Of the hybrids tested, two were in the second year of advanced testing (SPH 1883 and SPH 1886) and four were in the first year of advanced testing.

Table 1. Summary results of AHT GS S. No Traits GY (kg/ha) DFY (q/ha)

Zone I Zone II Zone III All India Zone I Zone II Zone III All India 1 CSH 16 3956 3552 3899 3792 119.2 116.8 163.3 132.3 2 CSH 25 3736 3594 4593 3907 134.7 132.8 200.8 154.9 3 CSH 30 3838 3092 3744 3538 107.6 119.8 149.1 124.6 4 CSH 35 3284 2978 3538 3249 101.6 124.0 141.8 121.4 5 Mean 3609 3255 3805 3513 115.2 115.5 161.2 129.0 6 Min. 3119 1918 3321 2985 97.5 74.1 107.4 94.1 7 Max. 4004 3594 4593 3907 155.0 143.2 200.8 161.5 8 CD (0.05) 780.8 799.4 555.2 440.2 22.5 33.9 42.2 18.4 9 CV (%) 15.1 11.0 15.6 13.9 15.4 12.6 13.6 14.0 10 Lines sig. > check Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil 11 Lines > best check SPH 1886,

SPH 1883 Nil Nil Nil SPH 1912 SPH 1912 Nil SPH 1912

12 Data from locations (no) 8 7 6 21 8 7 6 21 13 Loc. for national av. (no) 7 7 5 19 7 6 6 19

Zone I (Table 1A) • Days to flowering and maturity – Flowering among hybrids ranged from 59 (CSH 30 and SPH 1883) to 67 days (SPH

1912). Among test entries SPH 1883 was early in flowering with 59 days to flower, followed by SPH 1914 and SPH 1915 (62 days). CSH 30 was the earliest to mature (104 days), followed by SPH 1883 and SPH 1914 (105 days) and SPH 1915 (106 days). CSH 25 took 109 days to mature.

• Plant height – Plant height ranged from 159 cm (SPH 1914) to 249 cm (SPH 1912). • Grain yield – CSH 16 was the best performing check (3956 kg/ha) and the early maturity check CSH 30 yielded 3838

kg/ha of grain yield. Among the test entries, SPH 1886 and SPH 1883 showed better performance with marginal increase in grain yield over the best check, CSH 16.

• Fodder yield – The hybrid check, CSH 25 recorded maximum fodder yield (135 q/ha) followed by SPH 1886 (131 q/ha) and CSH 16 (119 q/ha). The early hybrid SPH 1883 recorded 3% improvement in fodder yield over the early check, CSH 30 (108 q/ha).



• Grain size – Grain size ranged from 2.49 g/100 grain (SPH 1912) to 2.98 g/100 grain (CSH 16). Among the test entries, SPH 1915 had the bold seed with 2.9 g/100 grains.

• Remarks – In Zone I the early hybrid, SPH 1883 performed slightly better for both grain and fodder yields over the best early maturity check, CSH 30.

Table 1A. Performance of hybrids in Advanced Hybrid Trial (AHT) – Zone I during kharif 2019

Sl. Hybrid Centre GY R % ± over CSH 16

% ± over CSH 30

FY R % ± over CSH 16

% ± over CSH 30

DTF DTM PH SW GM FG GM TG SF DH- Normal sowing

SF DH- Late sowing

1 SPH1883 Dharwad 3986.1 2 0.75 3.87 110.7 5 -7.14 2.87 59.5 104.7 182.7 2.58 3.4 4.9 46.3 61.2 2 SPH1886 Akola 4004.4 1 1.21 4.35 131.4 3 10.25 22.14 63.4 107.8 203.8 2.54 3.6 4.8 46.3 58.6 3 SPH1911 Dharwad 3438.2 8 -13.10 -10.41 97.5 11 -18.18 -9.35 64.8 108.3 202.8 2.89 4.2 5.4 55.9 66.2 4 SPH1912 Akola 3118.6 11 -21.18 -18.74 155.0 1 30.07 44.10 67.4 111.8 248.5 2.49 4.1 4.9 39.4 53.6 5 SPH1914 Hyderabad 3516.7 6 -11.11 -8.36 101.1 10 -15.21 -6.07 61.5 105.0 159.1 2.79 3.7 5.3 41.7 56.5 6 SPH1915 Hyderabad 3330.5 9 -15.82 -13.22 104.5 7 -12.35 -2.90 62.1 106.0 159.9 2.90 3.7 4.9 45.6 59.9

CSH 16 3956.4 3 119.2 4 62.5 106.8 205.4 2.98 4.0 5.5 50.0 62.6 7 CSH 25 3735.7 5 134.7 2 65.8 109.4 202.1 2.73 3.6 5.1 43.9 61.0 8 CSH 30 3837.6 4 107.6 6 59.4 103.8 201.7 2.60 4.1 5.1 46.7 57.1 9 CSH 35 3284.2 10 101.6 9 67.3 111.1 211.8 2.63 3.9 4.9 50.7 65.6 10 LC 3486.6 7 103.5 8 63.4 107.4 179.3 2.84 3.3 4.9 27.5 54.2 11 Mean 3608.6 115.2 63.4 107.5 196.1 2.72 3.8 4.9 45.0 59.5 12 CV(%) 15.06 15.4 3.41 3.14 7.6 9.43 25 25 22.6 22.9 13 P-Value 0.27 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0 14 CD(5%) 780.8 22.5 3.02 3.64 19.6 0.24 1.2 1.5 9.6 14.1 15 CD(1%) 1038.5 29.9 4.01 4.83 26.1 0.33 1.6 2.1 12.7 18.7

Note: R - Ranking; GY - Grain Yield (kg/ha); FY - Fodder Yield (q/ha); DTF - Days to flowering; DTM - Days to maturity; PH - Plant height (cm); GW - 100 grain weight (g); SF - Shoot fly dead heart percentage at 28 DAE; GMFG - Grain mold field grade (1-9); GMTG - Grain mold threshed grade (1-9) Zone II (Table 1B) • Days to flowering and maturity – Flowering among hybrids ranged from 65.5 (SPH 1883) to 72 days (CSH 35). Only

SPH 1883 was as early as CSH 30 in this zone (66 days). CSH 30 and SPH 1883 were the earliest to mature (108 days). CSH 25 matured in 113 days.

• Plant height – Plant height ranged from 164 (SPH 1915) to 224 cm (SPH 1912). • Grain yield – CSH 25 was the best performing check (3594 kg/ha), followed by CSH 16 (3552 kg/ha). None of the test

entries could out yield these checks. The early hybrid SPH 1883 (3313 kg/ha) recorded 7% improvement over the early hybrid check, CSH 30.

• Fodder yield – SPH 1912 ranked first in terms of fodder yield (143 q/ha) with 8% improvement over the best check, CSH 25 (133 q/ha).

• Grain size – Grain size ranged from 2.37 g/100 grain (CSH 35) to 2.75 g/100 grain (CSH 16). Among test entries, SPH 1915 recorded higher test weight (2.7 g/100 grain).

• Remarks – None of the hybrids could perform better than CSH 25 in this zone for grain yield. However for fodder yield, SPH 1912 had performed well.

Table 1B. Performance of hybrids in Advanced Hybrid Trial (AHT) – Zone II during kharif 2019

Sl.

Hybrid Centre GY R % ± over CSH 25

% ± over CSH 30


% ± over CSH 30

DTF DTM PH SW GM FG

GM TG

SF DH- Normal sowing

SF DH- Late sowing

1 SPH1883 Dharwad 3313.1 6 -7.82 7.15 109.7 10 -17.4 -8.40 65.5 107.5 191.9 2.42 3.4 4.9 46.3 61.2 2 SPH1886 Akola 3497.4 3 -2.69 13.11 126.5 4 -4.78 5.55 68.2 109.5 198.2 2.56 3.6 4.8 46.3 58.6 3 SPH1911 Dharwad 1917.6 11 -46.7 -38.0 74.1 11 -44.2 -38.1 70.7 112.8 202.9 2.54 4.2 5.4 55.9 66.2 4 SPH1912 Akola 2838.9 10 -21.0 -8.18 143.2 1 7.85 19.55 70.7 112.8 224.1 2.47 4.1 4.9 39.4 53.6 5 SPH1914 Hyderabad 3393.4 5 -5.58 9.75 112.5 9 -15.3 -6.07 67.7 109.3 165.3 2.61 3.7 5.3 41.7 56.5 6 SPH1915 Hyderabad 3159.4 7 -12.1 2.18 120.0 6 -9.60 0.21 67.2 108.9 164.1 2.70 3.7 4.9 45.6 59.9 CSH 16 3552.0 2 116.8 8 68.4 110.5 201.8 2.75 4.0 5.5 50.0 62.6 7 CSH 25 3593.7 1 132.8 2 72.0 113.0 202.1 2.54 3.6 5.1 43.9 61.0 8 CSH 30 3091.8 8 119.8 7 66.2 107.6 203.1 2.49 4.1 5.1 46.7 57.1 9 CSH 35 2978.2 9 124.0 5 72.1 114.0 213.9 2.37 3.9 4.9 50.7 65.6

10 LC 3464.0 4 126.8 3 70.3 111.3 195.3 2.48 3.3 4.9 27.5 54.2 11 Mean 3254.5 115.5 69.1 110.5 198.1 2.54 3.8 4.9 45.0 59.5 12 CV(%) 11.04 12.6 2.35 2.00 8.1 9.59 25 25 22.6 22.9 13 P-Value 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0 14 CD(5%) 799.4 33.9 1.88 2.18 13.6 0.27 1.2 1.5 9.6 14.1 15 CD(1%) 1063.2 45.2 2.51 2.90 18.1 0.36 1.6 2.1 12.7 18.7

Note: R - Ranking; GY - Grain Yield (kg/ha); FY - Fodder Yield (q/ha); DTF - Days to flowering; DTM - Days to maturity; PH - Plant height (cm); GW - 100 grain weight (g); SF - Shoot fly dead heart percentage at 28 DAE; GMFG - Grain mold field grade (1-9); GMTG - Grain mold threshed grade (1-9)



Zone III (Table 1C) • Days to flowering and maturity – Flowering among hybrids ranged from 64.5 (SPH 1883) to 74 days (CSH 35). SPH

1883 SPH 1914 were as early as CSH 30 in this zone (66 days). CSH 30 and SPH 1914 were early to mature (101 days), followed by SPH 1915 and SPH 1883 (103 days). CSH 25 matured in 108 days.

• Plant height – Plant height ranged from 168 (SPH 1915) to 254 cm (SPH 1912). • Grain yield – CSH 25 was the best performing check (4593 kg/ha) and none of the test hybrids could outyield CSH 25.

Among the early hybrids, SPH 1914 recorded 11% improvement in grain yield over the early hybrid check, CSH 30 (3744 kg/ha) and SPH 1883 recorded 5% improvement over CSH 30.

• Fodder yield – CSH 25 ranked first among the checks in terms of fodder yield (200.8 q/ha). None of the test hybrids could yield on par with CSH 25 for fodder yield. The early hybrid, SPH 1914 (154.6 q/ha) had given 3.7% more fodder yield compared to the early check, CSH 30 (149.1 q/ha).

• Grain size – Grain size ranged from 2.54 g/100 grain (SPH 1883) to 3.26 g/100 grain (SPH 1911). The best check for this trait was CSH 16 (3.18 g/100 grain.

• Remarks – None of the medium maturing hybrids could perform better than CSH 25 in this zone. However, the early hybrid, SPH 1914 recorded >10% improvement in grain yield and 3% improvement in fodder yield over the early check, CSH 30.

Table 1C. Performance of hybrids in Advanced Hybrid Trial (AHT) – Zone III during kharif 2019


% ± over CSH 30


% ± over CSH 30

DTF DTM PH SW GM FG

GM TG


SF DH- Late sowing

1 SPH1883 Dharwad 3934.5 4 -14.34 5.09 140.2 10 -30.2 -6.00 64.5 103.1 199.7 2.54 3.4 4.9 46.3 61.2 2 SPH1886 Akola 3923.9 5 -14.57 4.81 169.7 4 -15.5 13.80 68.9 104.4 221.6 2.82 3.6 4.8 46.3 58.6 3 SPH1911 Dharwad 4025.4 3 -12.36 7.52 107.4 11 -46.5 -27.95 72.7 110.2 217.6 3.26 4.2 5.4 55.9 66.2 4 SPH1912 Akola 3320.6 11 -27.70 -11.3 187.4 2 -6.69 25.67 73.1 106.6 253.7 2.76 4.1 4.9 39.4 53.6 5 SPH1914 Hyderabad 4149.7 2 -9.65 10.8 154.6 7 -23.0 3.70 65.8 101.3 170.2 2.89 3.7 5.3 41.7 56.5 6 SPH1915 Hyderabad 3807.7 7 -17.10 1.70 165.8 5 -17.41 11.22 67.4 102.7 168.1 2.96 3.7 4.9 45.6 59.9 7 CSH 16 3899.4 6 163.3 6 71.8 106.4 228.9 3.18 4.0 5.5 50.0 62.6 8 CSH 25 4592.5 1 200.8 1 73.7 107.6 231.9 3.17 3.6 5.1 43.9 61.0 9 CSH 30 3743.8 8 149.1 8 66.7 100.6 223.3 2.92 4.1 5.1 46.7 57.1

10 CSH 35 3537.7 9 141.8 9 74.2 106.4 233.1 2.97 3.9 4.9 50.7 65.6 11 LC 3323.0 10 172.8 3 67.9 103.2 218.8 2.78 3.3 4.9 27.5 54.2 12 Mean 3805.4 161.2 69.8 104.5 215.2 2.94 3.8 4.9 45.0 59.5 13 CV(%) 15.58 13.6 4.96 3.72 9.9 7.22 25 25 22.6 22.9 14 P-Value 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0 15 CD(5%) 555.2 42.2 5.47 5.10 28.4 0.28 1.2 1.5 9.6 14.1 16 CD(1%) 743.3 56.2 7.30 6.80 37.9 0.38 1.6 2.1 12.7 18.7

Note: R - Ranking; GY - Grain Yield (kg/ha); FY - Fodder Yield (q/ha); DTF - Days to flowering; DTM - Days to maturity; PH - Plant height (cm); GW - 100 grain weight (g); SF - Shoot fly dead heart percentage at 28 DAE; GMFG - Grain mold field grade (1-9); GMTG - Grain mold threshed grade (1-9) All India level (Table 1D) • Days to flowering and maturity – Flowering among hybrids ranged from 65 (SPH 1883) to 74 days (CSH 35). Among

the test hybrids, SPH 1883 was early to flower in 65 days, followed by SPH 1914 in 66 days and CSH 30 flowered in 67 days. CSH 30 was the earliest to mature (104 days) followed by SPH 1883 and SPH 1914 maturing in 105 days. CSH 25 matured in 110 days.

• Plant height – Plant height ranged from 168 (SPH 1915) to 254 cm (SPH 1912). • Grain yield – CSH 25 was the best performing check (3907 kg/ha) and none of the test hybrids performed better than

CSH 25. The early hybrid check, CSH 30 recorded 3538 kg/ha of grain yield and SPH 1883 (3724 kg/ha) and SPH 1914 (3638 kg/ha) out yielded CSH 30 with 5% and 3% improvement for grain yield.

• Fodder yield – SPH 1912 ranked first in terms of fodder yield (161.5 q/ha), followed by CSH 25 (154.9 q/ha. • Grain size – Grain size ranged from 2.51 g/100 grain (SPH 1883) to 2.96 g/100 grain (CSH 16). SPH 1911 had bold

seed among the test hybrids (2.86 g/100 grains). • Biotic stress – All the hybrids have exhibited resistance on par with the checks for the important biotic stresses such as

shoot fly and grain molds. SPH 1883 recorded better level of grain mold resistance. • Remarks – At national level, none of the medium maturing hybrids could out yield the best check, CSH 25 for grain and

fodder yields. SPH 1883 and SPH 1914 were early hybrids maturing on par with CSH 30 and yielded 3-5% higher grain.

Table 1D. Performance of hybrids in Advanced Hybrid Trial (AHT) – All India during kharif 2019


% ± over CSH 30


% ± over CSH 30

DTF DTM PH SW GM FG

GM TG


SF DH- Late sowing

1 SPH1883 Dharwad 3723.6 4 -4.70 5.24 119.7 10 -22.7 -3.92 62.9 105.2 190.8 2.51 3.4 4.9 46.3 61.2




% ± over CSH 30


% ± over CSH 30

DTF DTM PH SW GM FG

GM TG


SF DH- Late sowing

2 SPH1886 Akola 3795.6 2 -2.85 7.28 141.9 3 -8.39 13.89 66.6 107.4 207.2 2.63 3.6 4.8 46.3 58.6 3 SPH1911 Dharwad 2984.7 11 -23.6 -15.6 94.1 11 -39.2 -24.5 68.9 110.2 207.3 2.86 4.2 5.4 55.9 66.2 4 SPH1912 Akola 3072.1 10 -21.4 -13.2 161.5 1 4.24 29.59 70.1 110.6 241.1 2.56 4.1 4.9 39.4 53.6 5 SPH1914 Hyderabad 3638.4 5 -6.88 2.84 121.6 8 -21.5 -2.41 64.8 105.4 164.7 2.76 3.7 5.3 41.7 56.5 6 SPH1915 Hyderabad 3393.7 8 -13.1 -4.08 128.8 6 -16.8 3.36 65.3 106.0 163.9 2.85 3.7 4.9 45.6 59.9 7 CSH 16 3792.0 3 132.3 5 67.1 107.9 211.2 2.96 4.0 5.5 50.0 62.6 8 CSH 25 3907.0 1 154.9 2 70.2 110.1 211.0 2.79 3.6 5.1 43.9 61.0 9 CSH 30 3538.0 6 124.6 7 63.8 104.2 208.7 2.66 4.1 5.1 46.7 57.1

10 CSH 35 3248.8 9 121.4 9 70.9 110.7 218.9 2.63 3.9 4.9 50.7 65.6 11 LC 3436.5 7 132.8 4 67.0 107.5 196.7 2.70 3.3 4.9 27.5 54.2 12 Mean 3512.6 129.0 67.2 107.8 202.2 2.71 3.8 4.9 45.0 59.5 13 CV(%) 13.92 14 3.62 2.93 8.7 8.95 25 25 22.6 22.9 14 P-Value 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0 15 CD(5%) 440.2 18.4 1.96 2.06 11.6 0.15 1.2 1.5 9.6 14.1 16 CD(1%) 580.8 24.3 2.58 2.72 15.2 0.20 1.6 2.1 12.7 18.7


Table 1E. Performance of promising hybrids over three years in AICSIP trials (2017-2019) Sl. No. Entry Center Grain yield Fodder yield

Zone I 2017 2018 2019 Mean ±% over

CSH 25 ±% over CSH 30 2017 2018 2019 Mean ±% over

CSH 25 ±% over CSH 30

1 SPH 1883 Dharwad 4122 4547 3986.1 4218.4 -0.12 0.45 91.9 98.98 110.7 100.5 -21.10 -4.63 2 SPH 1886 Akola 3984 4275 4004.4 4087.8 -3.22 -2.66 105 125.2 131.4 120.5 -5.38 14.36 4 CSH 25 4074 4861 3735.7 4223.6 114.8 132.6 134.7 127.4 5 CSH 30 4391 4370 3837.6 4199.5 98.1 110.4 107.6 105.4

Zone II 2017 2018 2019 Mean ±% over



1 SPH 1883 Dharwad 3005 3723 3313.1 3347.0 -12.33 0.38 93 105 109.7 102.6 -21.51 -10.33 2 SPH 1886 Akola 3578 4219 3497.4 3764.8 -1.39 12.91 127.6 134 126.5 129.4 -1.03 13.07 4 CSH 25 Check 3357 4503 3593.7 3817.9 120.3 139 132.8 130.7 5 CSH 30 Check 3026 3885 3091.8 3334.3 106.3 117 119.8 114.4

Zone III 2017 2018 2019 Mean ±% over



1 SPH 1883 Dharwad 4111 2767 3934.5 3604.2 -17.64 -2.52 115 101.4 140.2 118.9 -32.81 -9.34 2 SPH 1886 Akola 3773 4020 3923.9 3905.6 -10.75 5.63 132.1 143.6 169.7 148.5 -16.08 13.24 4 CSH 25 Check 4383 4153 4592.5 4376.2 164.4 165.5 200.8 176.9 5 CSH 30 Check 4255 3093 3743.8 3697.3 124.7 119.5 149.1 131.1

All India 2017 2018 2019 Mean ±% over



1 SPH 1883 Dharwad 3813 3775 3723.6 3770.5 -9.08 -0.36 100.6 102 119.7 107.4 -25.23 -7.78 2 SPH 1886 Akola 3797 4184 3795.6 3925.5 -5.34 3.73 121 133 141.9 132.0 -8.16 13.28 4 CSH 25 Check 3991 4543 3907.0 4147.0 134.3 142 154.9 143.7 0.03 23.39 5 CSH 30 Check 3969 3846 3538.0 3784.3 110 115 124.6 116.5 -18.91 0.02

Two hybrids, SPH 1883 and SPH 1886 have completed three years of testing in AICRP on sorghum trials. The compiled data over three years (Table 1E) indicates that these hybrids performed well over CSH 30 but not over CSH 25 for grain and fodder yields in all the three zones. 2. Advanced Variety Trial (Tables 2.1 to 2.8, 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D) In this trial 9 varieties along with 5 checks were evaluated across 6, 7 and 6 locations in Zone I, Zone II and Zone III, respectively. Of these entries, two entries (SPV 2504 and SPV 2510) are in second year of advanced testing, while the rest seven entries are in first year of advanced testing.

Table 2. Summary results of AVT GS

S. No Traits GY (kg/ha) DFY (q/ha) Zone I Zone II Zone III All India Zone I Zone II Zone III All India

1 CSV 17 3213.6 2673.4 3106.2 3010.4 61.37 111.8 123.8 104.4 2 CSV 20 4097.1 2955.3 4008.8 3707.8 102.3 131.6 203.2 150.0 3 CSV 27 3885.8 3497.2 3710.4 3710.9 106.7 128.7 195.2 147.0 4 CSV 31 3990.6 3224.0 4368.0 3865.9 86.86 123.3 179.9 134.7



S. No Traits GY (kg/ha) DFY (q/ha) Zone I Zone II Zone III All India Zone I Zone II Zone III All India

5 Mean 3865.8 3317.2 3735.8 3633.9 92.36 125.3 179.2 135.9 6 Min. 3213.6 2673.4 3106.2 3010.4 61.37 111.9 123.8 104.4 7 Max. 4385.0 3612.6 4368.0 3865.9 106.7 141.0 203.2 150.0 8 CD (0.05) 779.5 371.4 596.1 375.0 18.82 15.53 31.72 14.07 9 CV (%) 15.38 8.53 13.98 13.17 11.79 12.8 15.44 14.66 10 Lines sig. > check Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil 11 Lines > best check SPV 2569, SPV 2510,

SPV 2568, SPV 2570, SPV 2567

SPV 2569, SPV 2571

Nil Nil Nil SPV 2504, SPV 2568

Nil Nil

12 Data from locations (no) 6 7 6 19 6 7 6 19 13 Loc. for national av. (no) 6 5 5 16 4 7 6 17 Zone I (Table 2A) • Days to flowering and maturity – Flowering among varieties ranged from 56 (CSV 17) to 71 days (CSV 27). Early

check, CSV 17 matured earliest (98 days), and check, CSV 27 took longest time to mature (114 days). Among the test entries, SPV 2569 was the earliest with 65 days to flower and 107 days to mature.

• Plant height – Plant height ranged from 149 (CSV 17) to 253 cm (CSV 27). • Grain yield – Among check varieties CSV 20 recorded highest grain yield (4097 kg/ha) in this zone. Five varieties, viz.,

SPV 2569, SPV 2510, SPV 2568, SPV 2570 and SPV 2567 yielded higher than the best check with 1.2-7.03% improvement for grain yield.

• Fodder yield – For fodder yield CSV 27 was the best check with 107 q/ha fodder yield. None of the test varieties could yield better than CSV 27. Among the test entries, SPV 2568 recorded higher fodder yield (106 q/ha) compared to CSV 20 (102 q/ha) in this zone.

• Grain size – Grain size ranged from 2.26 g/100 grain (SPV 2566) to 3.37 g/100 grain (SPV 2568). • Remarks – In Zone I, for grain yield SPV 2569 performed better than the best check, CSV 20 with more than 5% grain

yield advantage. Table 2A. Performance of varieties in Advanced Variety Trial (AVT) – Zone I during kharif 2019

Sl. Variety Centre GY R % ± over CSV 20

% ± over CSV 17

FY R % ± over CSV 20

% ± over CSV 17

DTF DTM PH SW GM FG

GM TG


SF DH- Late sowing

1 SPV2504 Akola 3541.6 11 -13.56 10.19 92.99 8 -9.10 51.52 67.4 111.4 234.5 2.75 3.4 4.6 41.4 63.5 2 SPV2510 Udaipur 4272.0 2 4.27 32.92 92.09 9 -9.98 50.06 67.4 110.8 236.2 2.61 3.2 4.9 37.5 58.8 3 SPV2566 Surat 3830.2 9 -6.51 19.17 102.36 3 0.06 66.79 68.2 110.1 237.5 2.26 4.3 4.9 42.2 65.8 4 SPV2567 Surat 4146.7 5 1.21 29.02 71.38 13 -30.22 16.31 65.2 109.4 196.5 2.46 4.3 5.7 41.6 64.6 5 SPV2568 Dharwad 4227.9 3 3.19 31.55 106.35 2 3.96 73.29 65.8 108.5 227.0 3.37 2.9 4.5 41.4 63.2 6 SPV2569 Dharwad 4385.0 1 7.03 36.43 99.03 7 -3.19 61.37 64.6 106.9 226.0 3.3 4.0 5.5 39.0 59.2 7 SPV2570 Akola 4155.7 4 1.43 29.30 100.44 5 -1.82 63.66 67.6 110.5 243.1 2.81 3.7 5.3 38.5 59.1 8 SPV2571 Akola 3615.9 10 -11.74 12.50 99.29 6 -2.94 61.79 67.1 108.8 239.8 2.5 3.6 5.3 40.0 61.0 9 SPV2573 Hyderabad 3499.6 12 -14.58 8.89 90.65 10 -11.39 47.72 69.6 112.7 209.8 3.03 4.3 5.7 42.1 63.9 10 CSV 17 3213.6 14 61.37 14 55.8 98.1 149.3 2.64 3.3 4.8 44.5 60.5 11 CSV 20 4097.1 6 102.28 4 67.7 110.9 249.4 2.83 2.8 4.5 37.1 62.9 12 CSV 27 3885.8 8 106.68 1 71.2 113.6 252.7 2.65 2.8 4.5 39.4 60.8 13 CSV 31 3990.6 7 86.86 11 67.6 109.9 234.0 2.93 3.9 5.7 40.4 65.2 14 Loc. Check 3259.6 13 81.26 12 67.2 109.4 201.8 2.86 3.2 4.5 35.6 57.8 Gen. Mean 3865.8 92.36 66.6 109.4 224.1 2.78 3.6 5.0 41.8 61.3 CV(%) 15.38 11.79 4.11 2.88 12.1 10.08 27.8 25.3 19.4 15.4 P-Value 0.04 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0 CD(5%) 779.5 18.82 3.45 4.23 23.7 0.26 1.26 1.59 8.7 10.1 CD(1%) 1035.8 25.20 4.58 5.62 31.5 0.35 1.67 2.1 11.4 13.4

Note: R - Ranking; GY - Grain Yield (kg/ha); FY - Fodder Yield (q/ha); DTF - Days to flowering; DTM - Days to maturity; PH - Plant height (cm); GW - 100 grain weight (g); SF - Shoot fly dead heart percentage at 28 DAE; GMFG - Grain mold field grade (1-9); GMTG - Grain mold threshed grade (1-9) Zone II (Table 2B) • Days to flowering – Flowering among varieties ranged from 67 (CSV 17) to 75 days (CSV 27). Among the test entries,

SPV 2567 with 72 days to flower was the earliest. Early check, CSV 17 matured earliest (107 days), while CSV 27 matured in 116 days. SPV 2567 took 112 days to mature.

• Plant height – Plant height ranged from 164 (CSV 17) to 258 cm (CSV 27). • Grain yield – Among checks, CSV 27 recorded highest grain yield (3497 kg/ha). Two test varieties, viz., SPV 2569

(3613 kg/ha) and SPV 2571 (3569 kg/ha) recorded 3.3% and 2% grain yield advantage respectively over CSV 27. • Fodder yield – Two test varieties, SPV 2504 (141.0 q/ha) and SPV 2568 (132.1 q/ha) recorded higher fodder yield than

best performing check, CSV 20 (131.6 q/ha). • Grain size – Grain size ranged from 2.26 g/100 grain (SPV 2573) to 2.53 g/100 grain (CSV 27). • Remarks – In Zone II, two varieties SPV 2569 and SPV 2571 could marginally out yield the best check, CSV 27.



Table 2B. Performance of varieties in Advanced Variety Trial (AVT) – Zone II during kharif 2019


% ± over CSV 17


% ± over CSV 17

DTF DTM PH SW GM FG

GM TG


SF DH- Late sowing

1 SPV2504 Akola 3440.2 6 -1.62 28.70 141.04 1 9.59 26.04 72.6 112.8 240.9 2.31 3.4 4.6 41.4 63.5 2 SPV2510 Udaipur 3336.0 9 -4.60 24.80 124.45 10 -3.31 11.21 73.4 113.5 235.0 2.27 3.2 4.9 37.5 58.8 3 SPV2566 Surat 3462.4 5 -0.99 29.53 128.41 8 -0.23 14.75 72.8 112.4 225.4 2.30 4.3 4.9 42.2 65.8 4 SPV2567 Surat 3300.5 11 -5.62 23.47 116.10 13 -9.79 3.75 71.8 111.7 192.5 2.29 4.3 5.7 41.6 64.6 5 SPV2568 Dharwad 3423.8 7 -2.09 28.09 132.12 3 2.66 18.07 72.2 112.1 241.4 2.43 2.9 4.5 41.4 63.2 6 SPV2569 Dharwad 3612.6 1 3.30 35.15 129.18 5 0.37 15.44 72.7 112.8 232.0 2.44 4.0 5.5 39.0 59.2 7 SPV2570 Akola 3354.2 8 -4.08 25.49 124.92 9 -2.94 11.63 73.1 113.8 244.3 2.39 3.7 5.3 38.5 59.1 8 SPV2571 Akola 3568.8 2 2.05 33.51 128.84 6 0.11 15.14 73.4 113.8 252.7 2.31 3.6 5.3 40.0 61.0 9 SPV2573 Hyderabad 3312.5 10 -5.28 23.92 122.78 12 -4.60 9.72 74.3 114.8 227.0 2.26 4.3 5.7 42.1 63.9 10 CSV 17 2673.4 14 111.85 14 66.6 106.8 164.2 2.27 3.3 4.8 44.5 60.5 11 CSV 20 2955.3 13 131.61 4 73.0 113.0 245.3 2.36 2.8 4.5 37.1 62.9 12 CSV 27 3497.2 4 128.68 7 75.4 116.0 258.4 2.53 2.8 4.5 39.4 60.8 13 CSV 31 3224.0 12 123.27 11 74.9 115.3 248.4 2.35 3.9 5.7 40.4 65.2 14 Loc. Check 3515.5 3 139.88 2 74.4 114.4 227.9 2.34 3.2 4.5 35.6 57.8 Gen. Mean 3317.2

125.32 72.5 112.7 232.7 2.37 3.6 5.0 41.8 61.3

CV(%) 8.53 12.80

4.55 3.22 9.3 13.05 27.8 25.3 19.4 15.4 P-Value 0.00

0.03

0 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0

CD(5%) 371.4

15.53

2.67 3.11 19.9 0.18 1.26 1.59 8.7 10.1 CD(1%) 494.9

20.60

3.54 4.13 26.4 0.24 1.67 2.1 11.4 13.4

Note: R - Ranking; GY - Grain Yield (kg/ha); FY - Fodder Yield (q/ha); DTF - Days to flowering; DTM - Days to maturity; PH - Plant height (cm); GW - 100 grain weight (g); SF - Shoot fly dead heart percentage at 28 DAE; GMFG - Grain mold field grade (1-9); GMTG - Grain mold threshed grade (1-9) Zone III (Table 2C) • Days to flowering – Flowering among varieties ranged from 62 (CSV 17) to 75 days (CSV 27). Among the test entries,

SPV 2569 with 69 days to flower was the earliest. Early check, CSV 17 matured earliest (107 days), while SPV 2567 matured in 112 days.

• Plant height – Plant height ranged from 183 (CSV 17) to 272 cm (CSV 20). • Grain yield – Among checks, CSV 31 recorded highest grain yield (4368 kg/ha) and none of the test entries could yield

better than CSV 31. • Fodder yield – The check, CSV 20 was the top yielder for fodder (203 q/ha) and none of the test varieties could outyield

CSV 20. However, the test variety, SPV 2568 (197.6 q/ha) recorded higher fodder yield than the check, CSV 31 (180 q/ha) with 10% fodder yield advantage.

• Grain size – Grain size ranged from 2.46 g/100 grain (SPV 2566) to 3.13 g/100 grain (SPV 2568). • Remarks – In Zone III, none of the test varieties were superior to the best check, CSV 31. Table 2C. Performance of varieties in Advanced Variety Trial (AVT) – Zone III during kharif 2019


% ± over CSV 17


% ± over CSV 17

DTF DTM PH SW GM FG

GM TG


SF DH- Late sowing

1 SPV2504 Akola 3706.4 8 -15.15 19.33 193.45 5 7.53 56.26 75.8 108.4 261.5 2.82 3.4 4.6 41.4 63.5 2 SPV2510 Udaipur 3822.5 6 -12.49 23.07 189.90 7 5.56 53.39 73.5 108.6 253.9 2.83 3.2 4.9 37.5 58.8 3 SPV2566 Surat 4056.9 2 -7.12 30.61 188.60 8 4.84 52.34 73.8 107.4 228.5 2.46 4.3 4.9 42.2 65.8

4 SPV2567

Surat 3887.7 5 -11.00 25.17 153.03 12 -

14.94 23.61 72.3 107.8 214.0 2.56 4.3 5.7 41.6 64.6 5 SPV2568 Dharwad 3631.0 9 -16.87 16.90 197.59 2 9.84 59.61 72.7 107.8 245.2 3.13 2.9 4.5 41.4 63.2 6 SPV2569 Dharwad 3484.7 11 -20.22 12.19 193.32 6 7.46 56.15 68.4 103.7 254.6 2.93 4.0 5.5 39.0 59.2 7 SPV2570 Akola 3482.8 12 -20.27 12.13 194.24 4 7.97 56.90 75.6 108.3 267.0 2.89 3.7 5.3 38.5 59.1 8 SPV2571 Akola 3518.2 10 -19.46 13.27 170.28 11 -5.35 37.55 73.6 108.5 260.4 2.66 3.6 5.3 40.0 61.0 9 SPV2573 Hyderabad 3475.1 13 -20.44 11.88 174.53 10 -2.99 40.98 76.4 108.8 228.9 2.96 4.3 5.7 42.1 63.9 10 CSV 17 3106.2 14 123.84 14 63.1 100.1 182.5 2.49 3.3 4.8 44.5 60.5 11 CSV 20 4008.8 4 203.23 1 73.6 108.6 272.0 2.92 2.8 4.5 37.1 62.9 12 CSV 27 3710.4 7 195.20 3 78.6 111.1 261.0 2.96 2.8 4.5 39.4 60.8 13 CSV 31 4368.0 1 179.94 9 74.6 109.2 245.2 2.83 3.9 5.7 40.4 65.2 14 Loc. Check 4042.2 3 151.07 13 69.0 104.8 218.8 2.67 3.2 4.5 35.6 57.8 Gen. Mean 3735.8 179.16 72.9 107.4 242.4 2.79 3.6 5.0 41.8 61.3 CV(%) 13.98 15.44 5.3 3.85 10.0 11.38 27.8 25.3 19.4 15.4 P-Value 0.01 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0 CD(5%) 596.1 31.72 3.48 3.74 27.5 0.29 1.26 1.59 8.7 10.1 CD(1%) 794.2 42.15 4.62 4.97 36.5 0.38 1.67 2.1 11.4 13.4




All India (Table 2D) • Days to flowering – Flowering among varieties ranged from 62 (CSV 17) to 75 days (CSV 27). Among the test entries,

SPV 2569 with 69 days to flower is the earliest. Early check, CSV 17 matured earliest (102 days) and SPV 2569 took 108 days to mature.

• Plant height – Plant height ranged from 165 (CSV 17) to 258 cm (CSV 27). • Grain yield – Among checks, CSV 31 recorded highest grain yield (3866 kg/ha) and none of the test varieties yielded

higher than CSV 31. • Fodder yield – For fodder yield, CSV 20 was the best check for fodder yield (150 q/ha) and none of the test varieties

could outyield CSV 20. However, two varieties, SPV 2568 (149 q/ha) and SPV 2504 (148 q/ha) recorded 10% fodder yield superiority over CSV 31 (135 q/ha).

• Grain size – Grain size ranged from 2.35 g/100 grain (SPV 2566) to 2.92 g/100 grain (SPV 2568). • Remarks – At all India level, none of the test varieties could outyield the best performing check< CSV 31.

Table 2D. Performance of varieties in Advanced Variety Trial (AVT) – All India during kharif 2019


% ± over CSV 17


% ± over CSV 17

DTF DTM PH SW GM FG

GM TG


SF DH- Late sowing

1 SPV2504 Akola 3563.7 12 -7.82 18.40 148.22 3 10.04 41.98 71.9 111.0 245.3 2.60 3.4 4.6 41.4 63.5 2 SPV2510 Udaipur 3836.9 3 -0.75 27.47 139.90 8 3.86 34.00 71.5 111.1 241.3 2.56 3.2 4.9 37.5 58.8 3 SPV2566 Surat 3786.9 6 -2.05 25.81 143.50 7 6.53 37.45 71.7 110.1 230.2 2.35 4.3 4.9 42.2 65.8 4 SPV2567 Surat 3800.0 4 -1.71 26.25 118.65 13 -11.9 13.65 69.8 109.8 200.4 2.42 4.3 5.7 41.6 64.6 5 SPV2568 Dharwad 3789.8 5 -1.97 25.91 149.13 2 10.71 42.85 70.3 109.6 238.1 2.92 2.9 4.5 41.4 63.2 6 SPV2569 Dharwad 3863.4 2 -0.07 28.35 144.69 5 7.42 38.59 68.8 108.1 237.2 2.85 4.0 5.5 39.0 59.2 7 SPV2570 Akola 3694.5 9 -4.44 22.74 143.60 6 6.61 37.55 72.2 111.0 251.0 2.67 3.7 5.3 38.5 59.1 8 SPV2571 Akola 3573.8 11 -7.56 18.73 136.57 9 1.39 30.81 71.5 110.6 251.1 2.49 3.6 5.3 40.0 61.0 9 SPV2573 Hyderabad 3435.3 13 -11.14 14.13 133.52 11 -0.88 27.89 73.5 112.2 222.3 2.71 4.3 5.7 42.1 63.9 10 CSV 17 3010.4 14 104.35 14 62.1 101.9 165.3 2.45 3.3 4.8 44.5 60.5 11 CSV 20 3707.8 8 149.96 1 71.5 110.9 254.9 2.67 2.8 4.5 37.1 62.9 12 CSV 27 3710.9 7 146.99 4 75.0 113.7 257.5 2.70 2.8 4.5 39.4 60.8 13 CSV 31 3865.9 1 134.73 10 72.5 111.7 243.0 2.66 3.9 5.7 40.4 65.2 14 Loc. Check 3586.7 10 130.30 12 70.4 109.8 216.9 2.60 3.2 4.5 35.6 57.8 Gen. Mean 3633.9 135.94 70.9 110.1 233.0 2.61 3.6 5.0 41.8 61.3 CV(%) 13.17 14.66 4.7 3.32 10.4 11.85 27.8 25.3 19.4 15.4 P-Value 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0 CD(5%) 375.0 14.07 1.88 2.08 13.2 0.15 1.26 1.59 8.7 10.1 CD(1%) 494.6 18.55 2.47 2.75 17.5 0.2 1.67 2.1 11.4 13.4

Note: R - Ranking; GY - Grain Yield (kg/ha); FY - Fodder Yield (q/ha); DTF - Days to flowering; DTM - Days to maturity; PH - Plant height (cm); GW - 100 grain weight (g); SF - Shoot fly dead heart percentage at 28 DAE; GMFG - Grain mold field grade (1-9); GMTG - Grain mold threshed grade (1-9) Table 2E. Performance of promising varieties over three years in AICSIP trials (2017-2019)

S.No. Entry Center Grain yield Fodder yield Zone I 2017 2018 2019 Mean ±% over

CSV 20 ±% over CSV 31 2017 2018 2019 Mean ±% over

CSV 20 ±% over CSV 31

1 SPV2504 Akola 3620 3776 3542 3646 -8.99 -6.56 101.9 119.8 93.0 104.9 -6.09 0.76 2 SPV2510 Udaipur 3964 4668 4272 4301 7.37 10.23 105.2 123.6 92.1 107.0 -4.24 2.75 3 CSV 20 Check 3623 4299 4097 4006 108.9 123.9 102.3 111.7 4 CSV 27 Check 3255 4595 3886 3912 114.4 146.7 106.7 122.6 5 CSV 31 Check 3580 4136 3991 3902 98.3 127.2 86.9 104.1

Zone II 2017 2018 2019 Mean ±% over



1 SPV2504 Akola 2974 3591 3440 3335 10.14 11.47 149.8 133.1 141.0 141.3 3.68 12.42 2 SPV2510 Udaipur 2831 3267 3336 3145 3.85 5.10 135.2 126.8 124.4 128.8 -5.49 2.48 3 CSV 20 Check 2805 3324 2955 3028 143.3 134.1 131.6 136.3 4 CSV 27 Check 2732 2861 3497 3030 148.3 128.4 128.7 135.1 5 CSV 31 Check 2644 3107 3224 2992 144.2 109.5 123.3 125.7

Zone III 2017 2018 2019 Mean ±% over



1 SPV2504 Akola 3716 2948 3706 3457 -6.95 -10.31 150.5 153.4 193.4 165.8 -8.56 14.02 2 SPV2510 Udaipur 4490 3182 3822 3831 3.14 -0.58 142.0 153.3 189.9 161.7 -10.79 11.23 3 CSV 20 Check 3825 3310 4009 3715 157.9 182.8 203.2 181.3 4 CSV 27 Check 3714 2621 3710 3348 153.7 153.6 195.2 167.5 5 CSV 31 Check 4114 3080 4368 3854 136.0 120.4 179.9 145.4

All India



S.No. Entry Center Grain yield Fodder yield 2017 2018 2019 Mean ±% over



1 SPV2504 Akola 3437 3478 3564 3493 -2.70 -2.57 132.6 132.0 148.2 137.6 -2.96 9.39 2 SPV2510 Udaipur 3762 3709 3837 3769 4.99 5.14 126.8 130.6 139.9 132.4 -6.61 5.27 3 CSV 20 Check 3418 3644 3708 3590 136.1 139.4 150.0 141.8 0.01 12.74 4 CSV 27 Check 3233 3370 3711 3438 137.9 139.9 147.0 141.6 -0.14 12.56 5 CSV 31 Check 3446 3442 3866 3585 124.5 118.1 134.7 125.8 -11.30 -0.02 Two varieties, SPV 2504 and SPV 2510 have completed three years of testing in AICRP- sorghum trials. The compiled data over three years (Table 2E) indicates that SPV 2510 has done well in Zone I, while SPV 2504 performed well in Zone II. 3. Initial Hybrid Trial (Tables 3.1 to 3.8, 3A and 3B) In this trial 12 test hybrids along with six checks were evaluated in RCBD for grain yield, fodder yield and other agronomic traits across 14 locations, six in Zone I, five in Zone II and three in Zone III, respectively.

Table 3. Summary results of IHT GS S. No Traits GY (kg/ha) DFY (q/ha)

Zone I Zone II Zone III All India Zone I Zone II Zone III All India 1 CSH 16 5286.9 3662.1 2146.7 4008.9 108.2 104.5 130.6 111.7 2 CSH 25 4500.5 3824.2 2964.8 3922.9 118.3 118.6 179.8 131.6 3 CSH 30 4441.3 2697.8 2008.3 3257.3 108.9 112.8 135.3 116.0 4 CSH 35 3372.8 3489.8 1662.8 3077.6 100.3 100.9 144.1 109.9 5 CSH 41 4901.1 3962.2 2827.0 4110.7 109.2 109.0 162.6 120.6 6 Mean 4630.8 3551.9 2276.7 3728.4 113.1 109.5 151.2 120.0 7 Min. 3372.8 2697.8 1662.8 3077.6 91.3 95.8 118.2 98.7 8 Max. 5286.9 4082.4 2964.8 4110.7 147.2 122.2 195.4 143.4 9 CD (0.05) 1057.4 436.2 1319.3 531.7 20.1 15.0 39.4 13.1 10 CV (%) 21.58 10.52 15.32 18.59 17.8 8.55 16.0 15.1 11 Lines sig. > check Nil Nil Nil Nil SPH 1940 Nil Nil Nil 12 Lines > best check Nil SPH 1939 Nil Nil SPH 1939,

SPH 1946, SPH 1941

SPH 1940, SPH 1939, SPH 1946

SPH 1946, SPH 1939

SPH 1940, SPH 1939, SPH 1946

13 Data from locations (no) 6 5 3 14 6 5 3 14 14 Loc. for national av. (no) 4 4 2 10 6 5 3 14

Zone I (Table 3A) • Days to flowering and maturity – Flowering in hybrids ranged from 57 -66 days. Among the test hybrids, SPH 1943,

SPH 1936, SPH 1938 and SPH 1941 were early (less than 60 days flowering), while the early hybrid check, CSH 30 recorded 57 days to flower and 104 days to mature.

• Plant height – Plant height ranged from 161 cm in SPH 1936 to 150 cm in SPH 1940. • Grain yield – Among checks, CSH 16 yielded maximum (5287 kg/ha), while the early maturity check CSH 30 recorded

grain yield of 4441 kg/ha. None of the test hybrids could out yield CSH 16. However three early maturing hybrids, SPH 1941 (5051 kg/ha), SPH 1936 (4850 kg/ha) and SPH 1938 (4837 kg/ha) recorded about 10% higher grain yields compared to early hybrid check, CSH 30.

• Fodder yield – Among checks CSH 25 was highest yielder (118 q/ha). Among the test hybrids, SPH 1940 (122 q/ha), SPH 1939 (120 q/ha) and SPH 1946 (119 q/ha) yielded slightly better than CSH 25.

• Grain size – Maximum grain size was recorded in SPH 1941 (3.29 g//100 seeds) followed by SPH 1942 (3.09 g/100 seeds), while the best check for this trait, CSH 16 recorded 3.09 g/100 seeds.

• Remarks – Three early hybrids, SPH 1941, SPH 1936 and SPH 1938 were found superior to the early check, CSH 30 for grain yield.

Table 3A. Performance of hybrids in Initial Hybrid Trial (IHT) – Zone I during kharif 2019 Sl. Hybrid Centre GY R

% ± over CSH 16

% ± over CSH 30 FY R

% ± over CSH 16

% ± over CSH 30

DTF DTM PH SW GM FG

GM TG

SF DH- Late sowing

1 SPH1921 Akola 4835.6 8 -8.54 8.89 113.9 9 5.24 4.57 61.7 106.7 208.1 2.79 3.3 4.1 56.1 2 SPH1936 Hyderabad 4850.0 6 -8.27 9.21 102.7 14 -5.11 -5.72 59.1 106.3 161.0 2.97 3.7 4.5 60.7 3 SPH1937 Hyderabad 3969.3 17 -24.9 -10.62 91.3 18 -15.6 -16.12 62.5 110.1 161.2 2.74 2.8 3.8 58.3 4 SPH1938 Hyderabad 4837.3 7 -8.51 8.92 92.6 17 -14.5 -15.00 59.6 107.4 182.0 2.72 3.6 4.3 62.9 5 SPH1939 Hytech 4695.4 10 -11.2 5.73 137.5 2 27.09 26.27 68.8 114.1 206.8 2.58 4.1 5.2 63.4 6 SPH1940 Akola 4387.7 15 -17.0 -1.20 147.2 1 36.0 35.14 62.7 107.3 249.8 2.62 3.8 4.8 61.8 7 SPH1941 Dharwad 5051.4 3 -4.46 13.74 123.0 4 13.7 12.94 60.0 108.1 219.8 3.29 3.5 4.7 64.8 8 SPH1942 Dharwad 4993.9 4 -5.54 12.45 114.6 7 5.91 5.23 62.7 110.0 205.4 3.09 3.2 4.1 65.9 9 SPH1943 Dharwad 4534.5 12 -14.2 2.11 104.5 13 -3.45 -4.07 58.4 106.1 192.0 2.77 3.3 4.1 66.9

10 SPH1944 Devgen 5075.3 2 -4.00 14.28 102.0 15 -5.70 -6.31 61.8 107.8 175.6 2.58 4.2 4.9 67.8





% ± over CSH 16

% ± over CSH 30

DTF DTM PH SW GM FG

GM TG

SF DH- Late sowing

Aurangabad 11 SPH1945 Parbhani 4147.1 16 -21.6 -6.62 114.1 8 5.43 4.75 61.7 108.2 188.5 2.76 3.4 4.8 63.6 12 SPH1946 Parbhani 4794.8 9 -9.31 7.97 132.6 3 22.6 21.80 65.7 110.7 209.1 2.60 3.5 4.8 61.6 13 CSH 16 5286.9 1 108.2 12 61.9 109.1 194.9 3.09 3.8 4.4 60.7 14 CSH 25 4500.5 13 118.3 5 66.2 110.7 198.4 2.79 3.9 5.3 59.1 15 CSH 30 4441.3 14 108.9 11 57.1 104.3 199.9 2.76 3.8 4.8 59.2 16 CSH 35 3372.8 18 100.3 16 68.4 114.8 212.5 2.72 3.4 4.6 58.8 17 CSH 41 4901.1 5 109.2 10 61.3 108.7 181.1 3.01 3.7 5.0 56.1 18 LC 4678.7 11 115.0 6 62.6 109.6 189.8 3.00 3.8 5.0 49.2 19 Mean 4630.8 113.1 62.4 108.9 196.4 2.83 3.7 4.6 60.4 20 CV(%) 21.58 17.75 4.97 4.88 8.61 11.28 25 21 15.8 21 P-Value 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 22 CD(5%) 1057.4 20.1 2.70 4.32 20.8 0.29 1.3 1.36 18.1 23 CD(1%) 1409.3 26.6 3.57 5.73 27.5 0.39 1.7 1.81 17.8

Note: R - Ranking; GY - Grain Yield (kg/ha); FY - Fodder Yield (q/ha); DTF - Days to flowering; DTM - Days to maturity; PH - Plant height (cm); GW - 100 grain weight (g); SF - Shoot fly dead heart percentage at 28 DAE; GMFG - Grain mold field grade (1-9); GMTG - Grain mold threshed grade (1-9) Zone II (Table 3B) • Days to flowering and maturity – Flowering in hybrids ranged from 66 (CSH 30) to 73 days (SPH 1939). The early

hybrid check, CSH 30 flowered in 66 days and matured in 109 days. All the entries were late compared to other zones. • Plant height – Plant height ranged from 168 cm in SPH 1937 to 255 cm in SPH 1940. • Grain yield – Among checks, CSH 41 was highest yielder (3962 kg/ha), while among entries SPH 1939 (4082 kg/ha)

recorded 3% yield advantage over CSH 41, while all other hybrids yielded less than CSH 41. The early hybrids SPH 1936 (3636 kg/ha) & SPH 1938 (3659 kg/ha) which flowered on par with CSH 30 recorded a yield advantage of >30% over CSH 30 (2698 kg/ha). Another early hybrid, SPH 1943 (2871 kg/ha) recorded 6% yield advantage over CSH 30.

• Fodder yield – Best fodder yielding check was CSH 25 (127 q/ha). One test hybrid, SPH 1908 (129 q/ha) recorded marginally higher fodder yield over CSH 25.

• Grain size – Maximum grain size was recorded in CSH 16 (3.1 g/100 seeds) and lowest in SPH 1916 (2.77 g/100 seeds).

• Remarks – In Zone II one medium maturing hybrid, SPH 1939 was marginally superior to the check, CSH 41. Two early maturing hybrids, SPH 1936 and SPH 1938 recorded 30% grain yield advantage over the check, CSH 30.

Table 3B. Performance of hybrids in Initial Hybrid Trial (IHT) – Zone II during kharif 2019


% ± over CSH 30


% ± over CSH 30

DTF DTM PH SW GM FG

GM TG

SF DH- Late sowing

1 SPH1921 Akola 3880.3 5 -2.06 43.82 114.4 5 4.94 1.40 68.3 110.7 203.4 2.50 3.3 4.1 56.1 2 SPH1936 Hyderabad 3636.4 11 -8.22 34.78 105.4 13 -3.28 -6.54 66.9 109.7 183.9 2.52 3.7 4.5 60.7 3 SPH1937 Hyderabad 3706.9 8 -6.44 37.40 95.8 18 -12.1 -15.1 69.5 111.4 168.4 2.46 2.8 3.8 58.3 4 SPH1938 Hyderabad 3658.6 10 -7.66 35.60 111.7 7 2.46 -0.99 66.9 109.8 194.3 2.49 3.6 4.3 62.9 5 SPH1939 Hytech 4082.4 1 3.04 51.31 119.6 2 9.75 6.05 73.1 114.6 214.0 2.46 4.1 5.2 63.4 6 SPH1940 Akola 3723.9 7 -6.01 38.02 122.2 1 12.09 8.31 72.7 114.7 254.8 2.48 3.8 4.8 61.8 7 SPH1941 Dharwad 2961.1 16 -25.3 9.75 110.7 8 1.53 -1.89 68.2 110.7 222.2 2.61 3.5 4.7 64.8 8 SPH1942 Dharwad 3521.4 12 -11.1 30.52 105.8 12 -2.97 -6.23 68.3 111.5 209.3 2.52 3.2 4.1 65.9 9 SPH1943 Dharwad 2871.1 17 -27.5 6.42 110.4 9 1.31 -2.10 66.9 109.9 210.2 2.49 3.3 4.1 66.9

10 SPH1944 Devgen Aurangabad 3888.3 3 -1.86 44.12 96.0 17 -11.9 -14.9 71.9 113.5 173.5 2.61 4.2 4.9 67.8

11 SPH1945 Parbhani 3080.9 15 -22.2 14.19 103.9 15 -4.65 -7.86 70.1 112.5 195.4 2.43 3.4 4.8 63.6 12 SPH1946 Parbhani 3401.3 14 -14.2 26.07 118.8 3 9.02 5.35 72.7 114.9 209.2 2.46 3.5 4.8 61.6 13 CSH 16 3662.1 9 104.5 14 70.0 111.9 200.8 2.62 3.8 4.4 60.7 14 CSH 25 3824.2 6 118.6 4 73.1 114.9 209.2 2.40 3.9 5.3 59.1 15 CSH 30 2697.8 18 112.8 6 66.2 108.7 210.6 2.42 3.8 4.8 59.2 16 CSH 35 3489.8 13 100.9 16 71.6 112.9 209.4 2.47 3.4 4.6 58.8 17 CSH 41 3962.2 2 109.0 11 71.6 114.3 190.7 2.52 3.7 5.0 56.1 18 LC 3885.7 4 109.6 10 72.5 114.1 192.5 2.46 3.8 5.0 49.2 19 Mean 3551.9 109.5 70.0 112.3 202.9 2.50 3.7 4.6 60.4 20 CV(%) 10.52 8.55 3.52 2.28 7.52 7.56 25 21 15.8 21 P-Value 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.61 0.00 0.00 0.0 22 CD(5%) 436.2 15.0 2.09 1.87 13.7 0.19 1.3 1.36 18.1 23 CD(1%) 581.3 19.9 2.78 2.48 18.2 0.26 1.7 1.81 17.8

Note: R - Ranking; GY - Grain Yield (kg/ha); FY - Fodder Yield (kg/ha); DTF - Days to flowering; DTM - Days to maturity; PH - Plant height (cm); GW - 100 grain weight (g); SF - Shoot fly dead heart percentage at 28 DAE; GMFG - Grain mold field grade (1-9); GMTG - Grain mold threshed grade (1-9) Zone III (Table 3C)



• Days to flowering and maturity – Flowering in hybrids ranged from 64 (SPH 1938) to 74 days (SPH 1940). The early hybrid, CSH 30 flowered in 65 days and matured in 101 days. Two hybrids, SPH 1938 and SPH 1942 flowered (64 days) earlier to CSH 30 and matured in 97 and 98 days respectively.

• Plant height – Plant height ranged from 171 cm in SPH 1937 to 262 cm in SPH 1940. • Grain yield – Among checks, CSH 25 was highest yielder (2965 kg/ha) and none of the medium maturing hybrids were

better than CSH 25. Among the early hybrids, SPH 1936 (2914 kg/ha) and SPH 1938 (2539 kg/ha) recorded more than 20% grain yield advantage over the early check, CSH 30 (2008 kg/ha), while SPH 1943 (2391 kg/ha) and SPH 1941 (2263 kg/ha) recorded 10% improvement over CSH 30.

• Fodder yield – Best fodder yielding check was CSH 25 (179.8 q/ha) and the test hybrids, SPH 1946 (195.4 q/ha) and SPH 1939 (192.1 q/ha) recorded higher fodder yield over CSH 25.

• Grain size – Maximum grain size was recorded in CSH 25 (3.67 g/100 seeds) and lowest in SPH 1945 (2.66 g/100 seeds).

• Remarks – In Zone III, four early hybrids, SPH 1936, SPH 1938, SPH 1943 and SPH 1941 have performed well for grain yield over the early check, CSH 30.

Table 3C. Performance of hybrids in Initial Hybrid Trial (IHT) – Zone III during kharif 2019



% ± over CSH 25

% ± over CSH 30 DTF DTM PH SW GM

FG GM TG

SF DH- Late sowing

1 SPH1921 Akola 1764.3 17 -40.5 -12.1 159.5 6 -11.3 17.88 70.9 105.6 232.0 2.77 3.3 4.1 56.1 2 SPH1936 Hyderabad 2913.5 2 -1.74 45.10 136.4 14 -24.1 0.85 65.0 99.6 186.2 2.91 3.7 4.5 60.7 3 SPH1937 Hyderabad 2271.5 9 -23.4 13.12 118.2 18 -34.2 -12.6 70.8 104.9 171.0 2.98 2.8 3.8 58.3 4 SPH1938 Hyderabad 2538.5 6 -14.4 26.42 152.4 7 -15.3 12.61 63.7 97.8 193.6 3.00 3.6 4.3 62.9 5 SPH1939

Hytech Aurangabad 2738.7 4 -7.63 36.39 192.1 2 6.86 42.01 79.8 115.6 235.4 2.86 4.1 5.2 63.4

6 SPH1940 Akola 1899.8 14 -35.9 -5.39 171.3 4 -4.72 26.62 73.6 108.7 261.6 2.75 3.8 4.8 61.8 7 SPH1941 Dharwad 2263.0 10 -23.7 12.70 137.9 12 -23.3 1.91 64.8 99.8 242.5 3.23 3.5 4.7 64.8 8 SPH1942 Dharwad 1824.6 16 -38.5 -9.13 142.1 11 -20.9 5.04 63.8 96.9 224.5 3.10 3.2 4.1 65.9 9 SPH1943 Dharwad 2391.3 7 -19.4 19.09 150.3 8 -16.4 11.06 64.4 101.1 235.0 3.07 3.3 4.1 66.9

10 SPH1944 Devgen Aurangabad 1835.4 15 -38.1 -8.60 132.4 16 -26.4 -2.14 75.1 110.4 184.8 2.86 4.2 4.9 67.8

11 SPH1945 Parbhani 2069.3 12 -30.2 3.05 137.3 13 -23.6 1.50 70.8 105.8 215.7 2.66 3.4 4.8 63.6 12 SPH1946 Parbhani 2570.9 5 -13.3 28.03 195.4 1 8.70 44.45 76.8 112.3 227.6 2.88 3.5 4.8 61.6 13 CSH 16 2146.7 11 130.6 17 72.7 106.9 221.6 3.20 3.8 4.4 60.7 14 CSH 25 2964.8 1 179.8 3 78.1 114.4 232.0 3.67 3.9 5.3 59.1 15 CSH 30 2008.3 13 135.3 15 64.6 101.0 218.4 2.99 3.8 4.8 59.2 16 CSH 35 1662.8 18 144.1 10 76.3 110.2 244.1 3.02 3.4 4.6 58.8 17 CSH 41 2827.0 3 162.6 5 71.0 105.7 207.6 3.17 3.7 5.0 56.1 18 LC 2289.6 8 144.2 9 73.4 109.0 260.6 2.76 3.8 5.0 49.2 19 Mean 2276.7 151.2 70.9 105.9 221.9 2.99 3.7 4.6 60.4 20 CV(%) 15.32 15.99 3.95 3.22 7.26 6.69 25 21 15.8 21 P-Value 0.62 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 22 CD(5%) 1319.3 39.4 5.79 5.80 20.4 0.35 1.3 1.36 18.1 23 CD(1%) 1812.2 52.9 7.77 7.79 27.3 0.48 1.7 1.81 17.8

Note: R - Ranking; GY - Grain Yield (kg/ha); FY - Fodder Yield (q/ha); DTF - Days to flowering; DTM - Days to maturity; PH - Plant height (cm); GW - 100 grain weight (g); SF - Shoot fly dead heart percentage at 28 DAE; GMFG - Grain mold field grade (1-9); GMTG - Grain mold threshed grade (1-9) All India (Table 3D) • Days to flowering and maturity – Flowering in hybrids ranged from 62 (CSH 30) to 73 days (SPH 1939). CSH 30

matured in 101 days. The test hybrids, SPH 1936, SPH 1938 and SPH 1943 flowered in 63 days and were as early as CSH 30.

• Plant height – Plant height ranged from 166 cm in SPH 1937 to 254 cm in SPH 1940. • Grain yield – Among checks, CSH 41 was highest yielder (4111 kg/ha) and none of the test hybrids could out yield

CSH 41. Among the early hybrids, SPH 1936 (3977 kg/ha), SPH 1938 (3906 kg/ha) and SPH 1941 (3658 kg/ha) recorded >10% grain yield advantage over CSH 30 (3257 kg/ha), while SPH 1943 (3441 kg/ha) had 6% grain yield improvement over CSH 30.

• Fodder yield – Best fodder yielding check was CSH 25 (131.6 q/ha). SPH 1939 (142.8 q/ha), SPH 1940 (143.4 q/ha) and SPH 1946 (141.2 q/ha) recorded higher fodder yield over CSH 25.

• Grain size – Max. grain size was recorded in SPH 1941 (3.04 g/100 seeds) and lowest in SPH 1939 (2.60 g/100 seeds).

• Biotic stress resistance: • Remarks – At All India level, none of the medium maturing test hybrids could yield better than CSH 41 for grain yield,

however four early maturing hybrids, SPH 1936, SPH 1938, SPH 1941 and SPH 1943 performed better than the early check, CSH 30 for grain yield.

Table 3D. Performance of hybrids in Initial Hybrid Trial (IHT) – All India during kharif 2019




% ± over CSH 30


% ± over CSH 30

DTF DTM PH SW GM FG

GM TG

SF DH- Late sowing

1 SPH1921 Akola 3839.2 9 -6.61 17.88 123.8 5 2.68 6.75 66.0 107.9 211.5 2.68 3.3 4.1 56.1 2 SPH1936 Hyderabad 3977.3 4 -3.25 22.11 110.9 15 -8.05 -4.40 63.2 106.1 174.6 2.80 3.7 4.5 60.7 3 SPH1937 Hyderabad 3524.8 14 -14.3 8.22 98.7 18 -18.2 -14.9 66.8 109.4 165.9 2.69 2.8 3.8 58.3 4 SPH1938 Hyderabad 3906.1 7 -4.99 19.93 112.2 13 -6.96 -3.27 63.1 106.2 188.9 2.70 3.6 4.3 62.9 5 SPH1939

Hytech Aurangabad 4058.9 2 -1.27 24.62 142.8 2 18.43 23.13 72.7 114.6 215.5 2.60 4.1 5.2 63.4

6 SPH1940 Akola 3624.6 13 -11.8 11.29 143.4 1 18.92 23.63 68.6 110.2 254.1 2.60 3.8 4.8 61.8 7 SPH1941 Dharwad 3657.6 12 -11.0 12.30 121.8 6 0.98 4.99 64.0 107.2 225.5 3.04 3.5 4.7 64.8 8 SPH1942 Dharwad 3771.0 11 -8.27 15.78 117.3 9 -2.70 1.16 64.9 107.7 210.9 2.89 3.2 4.1 65.9 9 SPH1943 Dharwad 3440.5 15 -16.3 5.63 116.4 10 -3.48 0.35 62.7 106.4 207.7 2.73 3.3 4.1 66.9

10 SPH1944 Devgen Aurangabad 3952.5 5 -3.86 21.35 106.4 17 -11.8 -8.28 68.3 110.4 176.8 2.65 4.2 4.9 67.8

11 SPH1945 Parbhani 3305.1 16 -19.6 1.48 115.4 12 -4.28 -0.49 66.7 109.2 196.8 2.62 3.4 4.8 63.6 12 SPH1946 Parbhani 3792.7 10 -7.74 16.45 141.2 3 17.06 21.70 70.6 112.6 213.1 2.61 3.5 4.8 61.6 13 CSH 16 4008.9 3 111.7 14 67.1 109.6 202.7 2.94 3.8 4.4 60.7 14 CSH 25 3922.9 6 131.6 4 71.2 113.0 209.4 2.84 3.9 5.3 59.1 15 CSH 30 3257.3 17 116.0 11 61.9 105.1 207.7 2.69 3.8 4.8 59.2 16 CSH 35 3077.6 18 109.9 16 71.2 113.2 218.1 2.70 3.4 4.6 58.8 17 CSH 41 4110.7 1 120.6 7 67.1 110.1 190.2 2.87 3.7 5.0 56.1 18 LC 3883.7 8 119.3 8 68.4 111.1 205.9 2.75 3.8 5.0 49.2 19 Mean 3728.4 120.0 66.9 109.4 204.2 2.74 3.7 4.6 60.4 20 CV(%) 18.59 15.13 4.22 3.79 7.91 9.28 25 21 15.8 21 P-Value 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 22 CD(5%) 531.7 13.1 2.01 2.58 11.4 0.17 1.3 1.36 18.1 23 CD(1%) 702.0 17.3 2.66 3.40 15.0 0.23 1.7 1.81 17.8

Note: R - Ranking; GY - Grain Yield (kg/ha); FY - Fodder Yield (q/ha); DTF - Days to flowering; DTM - Days to maturity; PH - Plant height (cm); GW - 100 grain weight (g); SF - Shoot fly dead heart percentage at 28 DAE; GMFG - Grain mold field grade (1-9); GMTG - Grain mold threshed grade (1-9) 4. Initial Variety Trial (Tables 4.1 to 4.8, 4A to 4D) In this trial 20 test varieties and 5 checks were evaluated in RCBD for grain yield, fodder yield and other agronomic traits across 15 locations, six in zone I, five in zone II and four in zone III.

Table 4. Summary results of IVT GS

S. No Traits GY (kg/ha) DFY (q/ha) Zone I Zone II Zone III All India Zone I Zone II Zone III All India 1 CSV 17 3939.9 2610.1 3360.6 3226.8 79.6 111.6 100.0 94.6 2 CSV 20 3800 3543.7 3528.7 3646.7 144.6 130.4 225.4 163.6 3 CSV 27 4168.4 3566.2 3282.7 3746.2 154.4 141.6 223.9 170.6 4 CSV 31 3797.7 3013.1 4208.3 3638.8 115.8 122.7 207.7 144.1 5 Mean 3738.8 3090.6 3458.9 3452.7 136.1 128.8 209.9 155.1 6 Min. 3263.9 2610.1 3051.9 3127.4 79.6 111.6 100.0 94.6 7 Max. 4168.4 3566.2 4337.4 3961.3 165.7 141.6 266.7 183.8 8 CD (0.05) 821.0 344.9 704.0 399.4 27.7 10.1 52.5 20.1 9 CV (%) 18.24 12.06 12.23 15.49 20.91 6.84 15.55 16.73 10 Lines sig. > check Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil

11 Lines > best check Nil Nil SPV2688, SPV 2672

SPV 2688 SPV 2683, SPV 2675, SPV 2684

Nil SPV2683, SPV 2691, SPV 2686, SPV 2689, SPV 2690, SPV 2687,

SPV 2674

SPV2683

12 Data from locations (no) 6 5 4 15 6 5 4 15 13 Loc. for national av. (no) 5 4 3 12 6 4 4 14 Zone I (Table 4A) • Days to flowering and maturity – Flowering days ranged from 57-75 days. CSV 17 was earliest to flower with 104 days

to mature, and SPV 2684 took maximum time to flower (75) as well as to mature (121 days). The test variety, SPV 2678 was the earliest to flower in 66 days and maturing in 114 days.

• Plant height – Plant height ranged from 135.9 cm in CSV 17 to 272 cm in SPV 2675. • Grain yield – Among the checks CSV 27 recorded highest grain yield (4168 kg/ha), and none of the varieties yielded

higher than CSV 27. • Fodder yield – For fodder yield also CSV 27 (154.4 q/ha) was the best check and the highest fodder yield was recorded

by the test variety, SPV 2683 (165.7 q/ha), followed by SPV 2675 (159.7 q/ha) and SPV 2684 (157.7 q/ha).



• Grain size – Maximum grain size was recorded in SPV 2683 (3.15 g/100 seeds) and lowest in SPV 2682 (2.27 g/100 seeds).

• Remarks – None of the varieties could out yield the best check, CSV 27 for grain yield. However, for fodder yield three varieties, SPV 2683, SPV 2675 and SPV 2684 recorded 2-7% fodder yield improvement over the best check, CSV 27.

Table 4A. Performance of varieties in Initial Variety Trial (IVT) – Zone I during kharif 2019


% ± over CSV 17


% ± over CSV 17

DTF DTM PH SW GM FG

GM TG

SF DH- Late

sowing

1 SPV2672 Surat 3830.6 9 -8.10 5.24 127.9 18 -17.16 60.69 66.3 113.3 236.7 2.71 3.5 5.0 62.3 2 SPV2673 Surat 3451.5 22 -17.19 -5.18 139.8 13 -9.42 75.69 75.1 120.7 239.1 2.51 3.7 4.3 62.8 3 SPV2674 Udaipur 4103.4 3 -1.55 12.73 144.9 11 -6.14 82.06 69.0 116.3 257.9 2.52 3.3 4.5 61.4 4 SPV2675 Udaipur 3263.9 25 -21.69 -10.3 159.7 2 3.44 100.64 71.7 118.0 272.0 2.64 3.0 4.0 59.4 5 SPV2676 Coimbatore 3602.3 18 -13.57 -1.04 149.6 7 -3.09 87.97 70.3 117.8 257.8 2.78 3.6 5.1 63.8 6 SPV2677 Coimbatore 3665.6 15 -12.05 0.70 112.2 23 -27.36 40.90 67.0 115.6 254.5 2.71 3.2 5.0 57.8 7 SPV2678 Palem 3709.4 14 -11.00 1.91 133.8 14 -13.36 68.06 66.1 114.2 239.1 2.83 3.1 4.9 56.7 8 SPV2679 Palem 3935.6 7 -5.58 8.12 149.1 8 -3.44 87.29 68.5 115.9 246.9 2.76 3.1 4.3 61.7 9 SPV2680 Akola 3854.2 8 -7.53 5.89 133.4 15 -13.60 67.59 67.8 115.9 235.0 2.70 3.4 4.6 62.7 10 SPV2681 Akola 3454.8 21 -17.11 -5.09 130.7 17 -15.32 64.25 71.5 118.6 233.9 2.55 3.0 4.4 62.2 11 SPV2682 Dharwad 3639.4 17 -12.68 -0.02 126.0 19 -18.39 58.30 72.7 119.8 262.1 2.27 3.2 4.8 70.2 12 SPV2683 Dharwad 4055.2 5 -2.71 11.41 165.7 1 7.30 108.12 67.8 115.4 265.5 3.15 3.2 4.6 62.0 13 SPV2684 Hyderabad 3980.9 6 -4.49 9.36 157.7 3 2.11 98.07 75.3 120.9 234.0 2.42 3.7 5.3 63.4 14 SPV2685 Hyderabad 3732.3 13 -10.45 2.54 132.9 16 -13.95 66.91 72.2 118.7 230.2 2.76 3.7 5.5 60.5 15 SPV2686 Hyderabad 3416.8 23 -18.02 -6.13 154.0 5 -0.25 93.49 74.9 120.7 248.9 2.47 3.5 4.8 60.4 16 SPV2687 Hyderabad 3361.3 24 -19.36 -7.66 152.7 6 -1.07 91.90 72.7 117.5 265.7 2.73 3.0 4.7 62.6 17 SPV2688 Indore 4064.7 4 -2.48 11.67 117.8 21 -23.68 48.03 68.9 116.7 230.5 2.65 3.1 4.2 67.4 18 SPV2689 Indore 3485.1 20 -16.38 -4.26 124.8 20 -19.17 56.79 71.0 118.6 226.0 2.68 3.1 4.4 55.0 19 SPV2690 Parbhani 4137.0 2 -0.74 13.65 146.0 9 -5.45 83.41 69.8 116.8 254.7 2.78 3.3 4.5 53.1 20 SPV2691 Parbhani 3492.9 19 -16.20 -4.04 145.3 10 -5.90 82.52 71.2 117.9 227.1 2.47 3.6 4.3 60.8 21 CSV 17 3639.9 16 79.6 25 56.6 103.6 135.9 2.68 3.6 5.2 59.2 22 CSV 20 3800.0 11 144.6 12 67.6 115.1 241.6 2.89 3.2 5.2 59.0 23 CSV 27 4168.4 1 154.4 4 74.4 119.9 258.9 2.80 3.3 4.6 60.6 24 CSV 31 3797.7 12 115.8 22 68.6 114.5 241.8 2.76 3.9 5.6 56.6 25 Loc. Check 3826.1 10 103.5 24 68.3 115.3 215.9 2.72 3.1 4.4 55.3 Gen. Mean 3738.8 136.1 69.8 116.7 240.5 2.68 3.4 4.7 60.2 CV(%) 18.24 20.91 4.97 3.85 9.05 11.65 22 17 14.1 P-Value 0.74 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 CD(5%) 821.0 27.7 3.19 3.92 21.49 0.28 1.0 1.1 17.6 CD(1%) 1086.9 36.6 4.21 5.18 28.41 0.37 1.4 1.5 12.4

Note: R - Ranking; GY - Grain Yield (kg/ha); FY - Fodder Yield (q/ha); DTF - Days to flowering; DTM - Days to maturity; PH - Plant height (cm); GW - 100 grain weight (g); SF - Shoot fly dead heart percentage at 28 DAE; GMFG - Grain mold field grade (1-9); GMTG - Grain mold threshed grade (1-9) Zone II (Table 4B) • Days to flowering and maturity – Flowering in this zone ranged from 64-83 days. CSV 17 was the earliest to flower (64

days) with 106 days for maturity. None of the test varieties were comparable to early check for flowering and maturity. Among test varieties, SPV 2680 was the earliest to flower (71 days) and to mature (112 days), while SPV 2689 took maximum days (83 days) to flower and mature (124 days).

• Plant height – Plant height ranged from 152 cm in CSV 17 to 282 cm in SPV 2675 • Grain yield – Among checks CSV 27 was highest yielder (3566 kg/ha) followed by CSV 20 (3544 kg/ha). None of the

test varieties recorded yield higher than CSV 27. • Fodder yield – CSV 27 was highest fodder yielder (141.6 q/ha) among the checks and none of the test entries recorded

higher fodder yield than CSV 27. Among the test varieties, SPV 2675 yielded better fodder (141.3 q/ha). • Grain size – Maximum grain size was recorded in SPV 2688 (2.64 g/100 seeds) and lowest in CSV 17 (2.42 g/100

seeds). • Remarks – None of the test varieties could yield grain and fodder better than the best check, CSV 27. Table 4B. Performance of varieties in Initial Variety Trial (IVT) – Zone II during kharif 2019

Sl. Variety Centre GY R % ± over

CSV 27 % ± over CSV 17 FY R

% ± over

CSV 27

% ± over

CSV 17 DTF DTM PH SW GM

FG GM TG

SF DH- Late

sowing 1 SPV2672 Surat 2635.1 24 -26.11 0.96 126.6 17 -10.56 13.48 69.6 109.9 245.8 2.62 3.5 5.0 62.3 2 SPV2673 Surat 2765.3 22 -22.45 5.95 125.5 18 -11.38 12.44 75.3 114.1 233.7 2.57 3.7 4.3 62.8 3 SPV2674 Udaipur 3297.2 7 -7.54 26.33 129.4 12 -8.59 15.98 71.9 112.5 267.8 2.50 3.3 4.5 61.4 4 SPV2675 Udaipur 2985.1 16 -16.29 14.37 141.3 2 -0.24 26.58 77.7 117.3 281.9 2.54 3.0 4.0 59.4 5 SPV2676 Coimbatore 3180.3 10 -10.82 21.85 129.4 13 -8.61 15.96 76.6 116.4 264.5 2.51 3.6 5.1 63.8 6 SPV2677 Coimbatore 2805.4 21 -21.33 7.48 133.8 5 -5.49 19.92 70.7 110.4 268.8 2.51 3.2 5.0 57.8 7 SPV2678 Palem 2919.7 19 -18.13 11.86 133.1 6 -6.00 19.26 73.4 114.7 248.9 2.52 3.1 4.9 56.7



Sl. Variety Centre GY R % ± over

CSV 27 % ± over CSV 17 FY R

% ± over

CSV 27

% ± over

CSV 17 DTF DTM PH SW GM

FG GM TG

SF DH- Late

sowing 8 SPV2679 Palem 3331.8 5 -6.57 27.66 134.7 4 -4.86 20.71 72.1 113.3 248.1 2.50 3.1 4.3 61.7 9 SPV2680 Akola 2999.6 15 -15.88 14.93 125.2 19 -11.59 12.18 70.7 111.7 255.2 2.45 3.4 4.6 62.7 10 SPV2681 Akola 3441.1 4 -3.50 31.84 128.0 14 -9.57 14.74 76.0 115.3 244.2 2.56 3.0 4.4 62.2 11 SPV2682 Dharwad 3036.8 13 -14.84 16.35 135.7 3 -4.18 21.58 76.9 115.7 279.7 2.51 3.2 4.8 70.2 12 SPV2683 Dharwad 3168.2 12 -11.16 21.39 128.0 15 -9.61 14.69 76.2 115.2 280.5 2.59 3.2 4.6 62.0 13 SPV2684 Hyderabad 3309.4 6 -7.20 26.80 123.7 20 -12.65 10.83 79.8 119.2 245.2 2.49 3.7 5.3 63.4 14 SPV2685 Hyderabad 2974.5 17 -16.59 13.97 123.4 21 -12.86 10.57 77.7 116.8 232.1 2.45 3.7 5.5 60.5 15 SPV2686 Hyderabad 2969.3 18 -16.73 13.77 122.1 23 -13.77 9.41 80.5 119.6 239.7 2.56 3.5 4.8 60.4 16 SPV2687 Hyderabad 2891.6 20 -18.91 10.79 131.0 10 -7.48 17.40 78.5 117.2 270.9 2.43 3.0 4.7 62.6 17 SPV2688 Indore 3549.8 2 -0.45 36.01 131.5 9 -7.16 17.80 80.0 119.8 264.2 2.64 3.1 4.2 67.4 18 SPV2689 Indore 2673.6 23 -25.03 2.44 127.4 16 -10.05 14.13 83.2 124.3 239.4 2.48 3.1 4.4 55.0 19 SPV2690 Parbhani 3240.4 8 -9.13 24.15 133.0 7 -6.10 19.14 74.2 114.5 253.4 2.57 3.3 4.5 53.1 20 SPV2691 Parbhani 3188.0 9 -10.60 22.15 132.3 8 -6.57 18.54 81.2 120.3 254.2 2.55 3.6 4.3 60.8 21 CSV 17 2610.1 25 111.6 25 64.1 105.8 152.3 2.42 3.6 5.2 59.2 22 CSV 20 3543.7 3 130.4 11 73.0 113.5 263.7 2.61 3.2 5.2 59.0 23 CSV 27 3566.2 1 141.6 1 79.0 117.6 258.7 2.61 3.3 4.6 60.6 24 CSV 31 3013.1 14 122.7 22 76.9 117.8 230.3 2.56 3.9 5.6 56.6 25 Lc. Check 3169.9 11 119.6 24 73.4 112.1 246.0 2.56 3.1 4.4 55.3 Gen. Mean 3090.6 128.8 75.5 115.4 250.8 2.53 3.4 4.7 60.2 CV(%) 12.06 6.84 4.83 2.73 7.53 7.26 22 17 14.1 P-Value 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 CD(5%) 344.9 10.1 3.83 3.67 17.47 0.15 1.0 1.1 17.6 CD(1%) 457.7 13.4 5.07 4.87 23.13 0.20 1.4 1.5 12.4

Note: R - Ranking; GY - Grain Yield (kg/ha); FY - Fodder Yield (q/ha); DTF - Days to flowering; DTM - Days to maturity; PH - Plant height (cm); GW - 100 grain weight (g); SF - Shoot fly dead heart percentage at 28 DAE; GMFG - Grain mold field grade (1-9); GMTG - Grain mold threshed grade (1-9) Zone III (Table 4C) • Days to flowering and maturity – Flowering in varieties ranged from 63-89 days. CSV 17 was the earliest to flower (63

days) with 100 days for maturity. None of the test varieties were comparable to early check. Among test varieties, SPV 2680 was the earliest to flower (71 days) and to mature (114 days), while SPV 2689 took maximum days (89 days) to flower and mature (128 days).

• Plant height – Plant height ranged from 173 cm in CSV 17 to 292 cm in SPV 2683. • Grain yield – Among checks CSV 31 was the highest yielder (4208 kg/ha). Two test varieties, SPV 2688 and SPV 2672

recorded yield higher than CSV 31. Among these, SPV 2688 (4337 kg/ha) recorded 3% yield superiority than the best check, while SPV 2672 (4266 kg/ha) showed 1.3% yield advantage over CSV 31.

• Fodder yield – CSV 20 was highest fodder yielder (225.4 q/ha) among the checks. Seven test varieties yielded higher than CSV 20. Among them SPV 2683 (266.7 q/ha), SPV 2691 (237.2 q/ha) and SPV 2686 (237.1 q/ha) were in the top three positions.

• Grain size – Maximum grain size was recorded in SPV 2676 (3.24 g/100 seeds) and lowest in SPV 2673 (2.23 g/100 seeds).

• Remarks-2 varieties, SPV 2688 (4337 kg/ha) and SPV 2672 (4266 kg/ha) were found better for grain yield in this zone. Table 4C. Performance of varieties in Initial Variety Trial (IVT) – Zone III during kharif 2019


% ± over CSV 17 FY R % ± over

CSV 31 % ± over CSV 17 DTF DTM PH SW GM

FG GM TG

SF DH- Late sowing

1 SPV2672 Surat 4266.4 2 1.39 26.94 176.9 23 -14.81 76.94 74.2 113.3 252.8 2.79 3.5 5.0 62.3 2 SPV2673 Surat 3682.2 8 -12.5 9.56 187.6 21 -9.70 87.55 77.1 114.3 258.4 2.23 3.7 4.3 62.8 3 SPV2674 Udaipur 3407.8 17 -19.0 1.39 227.0 7 9.30 127.01 73.8 112.9 277.0 2.73 3.3 4.5 61.4 4 SPV2675 Udaipur 3598.7 9 -14.5 7.07 205.2 18 -1.22 105.16 78.1 119.1 287.8 2.76 3.0 4.0 59.4 5 SPV2676 Coimbatore 3275.3 21 -22.2 -2.55 199.1 19 -4.13 99.12 76.9 113.8 264.8 3.24 3.6 5.1 63.8 6 SPV2677 Coimbatore 3264.5 22 -22.4 -2.87 178.4 22 -14.09 78.43 74.2 111.9 262.2 2.69 3.2 5.0 57.8 7 SPV2678 Palem 3731.5 6 -11.3 11.02 216.4 13 4.17 116.37 73.6 112.7 257.0 2.89 3.1 4.9 56.7 8 SPV2679 Palem 3555.3 10 -15.5 5.78 212.9 15 2.48 112.85 75.7 114.8 279.6 2.82 3.1 4.3 61.7 9 SPV2680 Akola 3487.8 14 -17.1 3.77 221.2 11 6.51 121.22 71.3 114.0 263.1 2.68 3.4 4.6 62.7 10 SPV2681 Akola 3416.0 16 -18.8 1.64 213.7 14 2.89 113.71 76.6 114.5 264.4 3.02 3.0 4.4 62.2 11 SPV2682 Dharwad 3744.5 5 -11.0 11.41 199.0 20 -4.19 99.00 79.3 119.3 286.6 2.63 3.2 4.8 70.2 12 SPV2683 Dharwad 3245.8 23 -22.9 -3.43 266.7 1 28.39 166.66 74.3 113.7 292.1 2.99 3.2 4.6 62.0 13 SPV2684 Hyderabad 3711.1 7 -11.8 10.42 220.4 12 6.13 120.43 80.8 120.0 240.6 2.69 3.7 5.3 63.4 14 SPV2685 Hyderabad 3551.5 11 -15.6 5.67 206.1 17 -0.76 106.12 78.3 116.8 250.6 2.71 3.7 5.5 60.5 15 SPV2686 Hyderabad 3502.6 13 -16.8 4.21 237.1 3 14.17 137.13 80.0 120.9 272.6 2.65 3.5 4.8 60.4 16 SPV2687 Hyderabad 3051.9 25 -27.5 -9.20 229.9 6 10.69 129.90 81.4 117.7 287.2 2.98 3.0 4.7 62.6 17 SPV2688 Indore 4337.4 1 3.07 29.05 223.0 10 7.39 123.04 82.3 119.9 280.4 2.78 3.1 4.2 67.4 18 SPV2689 Indore 3118.8 24 -25.9 -7.21 235.8 4 13.52 135.79 89.3 128.2 258.8 2.82 3.1 4.4 55.0 19 SPV2690 Parbhani 3745.4 4 -11.0 11.44 232.1 5 11.77 132.14 77.8 116.0 270.8 2.89 3.3 4.5 53.1






FG GM TG

SF DH- Late sowing

20 SPV2691 Parbhani 3401.4 18 -19.2 1.20 237.2 2 14.19 137.17 80.4 120.5 264.1 2.48 3.6 4.3 60.8 21 CSV 17 3360.6 19 100.0 25 62.8 100.2 173.0 2.52 3.6 5.2 59.2 22 CSV 20 3528.7 12 225.4 8 77.9 118.2 272.6 2.87 3.2 5.2 59.0 23 CSV 27 3282.7 20 223.9 9 77.6 116.5 273.8 2.95 3.3 4.6 60.6 24 CSV 31 4208.3 3 207.7 16 75.3 114.7 266.8 2.78 3.9 5.6 56.6 25 Loc. Check 3436.6 15 165.2 24 71.1 108.9 236.5 2.56 3.1 4.4 55.3 Gen. Mean 3458.9 209.9 76.8 115.7 263.7 2.77 3.4 4.7 60.2 CV(%) 12.23 15.55 4.99 3.10 8.07 10.64 22 17 14.1 P-Value 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 CD(5%) 704.0 52.5 4.64 5.18 25.29 0.38 1.0 1.1 17.6 CD(1%) 939.8 69.7 6.16 6.88 33.56 0.50 1.4 1.5 12.4

Note: R - Ranking; GY - Grain Yield (kg/ha); FY - Fodder Yield (q/ha); DTF - Days to flowering; DTM - Days to maturity; PH - Plant height (cm); GW - 100 grain weight (g); SF - Shoot fly dead heart percentage at 28 DAE; GMFG - Grain mold field grade (1-9); GMTG - Grain mold threshed grade (1-9) All India (Table 4D) • Days to flowering and maturity – Flowering in varieties ranged from 61-80 days. CSV 17 was the earliest to flower (61

days) with 103 days for maturity. None of the test varieties were comparable to early check. Among test varieties, SPV 2672 was the earliest to flower (70 days) and to mature (112 days), while SPV 2689 took maximum days (80 days) to flower and mature (123 days).

• Plant height – Plant height ranged from 151 cm in CSV 17 to 280 cm in SPV 2675. • Grain yield – Among checks CSV 27 was the highest yielder (3746 kg/ha). Only one test variety, SPV 2688 (3961

kg/ha) recorded 5.8% improvement in grain yield over CSV 27. • Fodder yield – CSV 27 was highest fodder yielder (170.6 q/ha) among the checks. One test variety, SPV 2683 (183.8

q/ha) recorded marginally higher for fodder yield compared to CSV 27 with 7% fodder yield advantage. • Grain size- Max. grain size was recorded in SPV 2683 (2.94 g/100 seeds) and lowest in SPV 2682 (2.44 g/100 seeds). • Remarks – One medium maturing variety, SPV 2688 (3961 kg/ha) recorded >5% grain yield superiority over the best

check, CSV 27. Table 4D. Performance of varieties in Initial Variety Trial (IVT) –All India during kharif 2019




FG GM TG

SF DH- Late sowing

1 SPV2672 Surat 3541.0 10 -5.47 9.87 141.6 22 -17.02 49.64 69.5 112.3 244.0 2.71 3.5 5.0 62.3 2 SPV2673 Surat 3280.4 20 -12.43 1.78 149.4 20 -12.44 57.90 75.7 117.0 242.4 2.45 3.7 4.3 62.8 3 SPV2674 Udaipur 3660.8 5 -2.27 13.58 163.9 9 -3.90 73.31 71.2 114.2 266.3 2.57 3.3 4.5 61.4 4 SPV2675 Udaipur 3254.7 22 -13.12 0.98 167.4 6 -1.86 76.98 75.4 118.1 279.5 2.65 3.0 4.0 59.4 5 SPV2676 Coimbatore 3382.3 17 -9.71 4.94 158.0 12 -7.39 67.01 74.2 116.3 261.9 2.84 3.6 5.1 63.8 6 SPV2677 Coimbatore 3278.6 21 -12.48 1.72 137.3 23 -19.53 45.12 70.1 113.1 261.3 2.65 3.2 5.0 57.8 7 SPV2678 Palem 3451.7 13 -7.86 7.10 157.2 14 -7.87 66.15 70.5 113.9 247.2 2.76 3.1 4.9 56.7 8 SPV2679 Palem 3639.3 7 -2.85 12.91 163.2 11 -4.34 72.51 71.6 114.8 256.0 2.70 3.1 4.3 61.7 9 SPV2680 Akola 3477.8 12 -7.16 7.90 156.1 15 -8.47 65.06 69.7 114.1 249.2 2.62 3.4 4.6 62.7 10 SPV2681 Akola 3440.5 15 -8.15 6.75 153.7 16 -9.92 62.45 74.4 116.5 245.5 2.69 3.0 4.4 62.2 11 SPV2682 Dharwad 3445.1 14 -8.03 6.89 149.6 19 -12.29 58.17 75.9 118.5 274.5 2.44 3.2 4.8 70.2 12 SPV2683 Dharwad 3557.2 9 -5.04 10.37 183.8 1 7.71 94.25 72.3 114.8 277.6 2.94 3.2 4.6 62.0 13 SPV2684 Hyderabad 3689.6 4 -1.51 14.48 165.9 8 -2.76 75.36 78.2 120.1 239.5 2.52 3.7 5.3 63.4 14 SPV2685 Hyderabad 3434.8 16 -8.31 6.57 151.1 18 -11.44 59.71 75.6 117.6 236.3 2.66 3.7 5.5 60.5 15 SPV2686 Hyderabad 3289.1 19 -12.20 2.05 168.6 3 -1.15 78.27 78.1 120.5 252.2 2.55 3.5 4.8 60.4 16 SPV2687 Hyderabad 3127.4 25 -16.51 -2.97 168.6 4 -1.18 78.20 76.9 117.5 273.2 2.72 3.0 4.7 62.6 17 SPV2688 Indore 3961.3 1 5.75 22.91 151.8 17 -11.03 60.45 76.2 118.5 255.0 2.69 3.1 4.2 67.4 18 SPV2689 Indore 3129.1 24 -16.47 -2.91 157.2 13 -7.83 66.22 79.9 122.9 239.2 2.67 3.1 4.4 55.0 19 SPV2690 Parbhani 3740.2 3 -0.15 16.05 166.9 7 -2.18 76.41 73.4 115.9 258.5 2.75 3.3 4.5 53.1 20 SPV2691 Parbhani 3368.4 18 -10.08 4.51 167.8 5 -1.62 77.41 77.0 119.3 246.0 2.50 3.6 4.3 60.8 21 CSV 17 3226.8 23 94.6 25 60.7 103.2 151.3 2.56 3.6 5.2 59.2 22 CSV 20 3646.7 6 163.6 10 72.1 115.5 257.2 2.80 3.2 5.2 59.0 23 CSV 27 3746.2 2 170.6 2 76.8 118.3 262.8 2.79 3.3 4.6 60.6 24 CSV 31 3638.8 8 144.1 21 73.1 115.5 244.7 2.71 3.9 5.6 56.6 25 Loc. Check 3510.0 11 125.7 24 70.7 112.6 231.4 2.63 3.1 4.4 55.3 Gen. Mean 3452.7 155.1 73.6 116.0 250.1 2.66 3.4 4.7 60.2 CV(%) 15.49 16.73 4.93 3.36 8.28 10.40 22 17 14.1 P-Value 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 CD(5%) 399.4 20.1 2.34 2.61 12.32 0.17 1.0 1.1 17.6 CD(1%) 526.3 26.5 3.08 3.44 16.22 0.23 1.4 1.5 12.4

Note: R - Ranking; GY - Grain Yield (kg/ha); FY - Fodder Yield (q/ha); DTF - Days to flowering; DTM - Days to maturity; PH - Plant height (cm); GW - 100 grain weight (g); SF - Shoot fly dead heart percentage at 28 DAE; GMFG - Grain mold field grade (1-9); GMTG - Grain mold threshed grade (1-9) B. Coordinated sorghum breeding research



1. Initial Early Hybrid Trial (Tables 5.1 to 5.8, 5A) A trial has been taken up to evaluate the early hybrids. Early MS and R lines available with different centres were collected. A total of 7 MS and 7R lines were collected from Dharwad, Akola and IIMR, and hybrids in all combinations were attempted. However, sufficient seed for multilocation testing was produced for eleven hybrids. These 11 test hybrids were evaluated at Dharwad, Akola, IIMR, Parbhani, Chamarajnagar and Udaipur in RCBD along with two early hybrid checks, CSH 14 and CSH 30 for grain yield, fodder yield and other agronomic traits. Table 5A. Summary of early experimental hybrids in Inter-institutional early Hybrid Nursery- Kharif 2019

S No.

Hybrid Pedigree GY R

% ± over CSH14

% ± over CSH 30


% ± over CSH 30

DTF DTM PH SW

1 SPH1947 ICSA 19 x SVD 1278 4369.8 5 1.66 -0.48 104.5 7 -4.82 -8.16 64.5 105.3 207.0 2.81 2 SPH1948 AKMS 96A x SVD 1278 4330.5 6 0.74 -1.38 102.8 12 -6.40 -9.69 63.1 105.3 194.9 2.78 3 SPH1949 AKMS 96A x AKR 576 4113.2 12 -4.31 -6.33 102.7 13 -6.49 -9.77 60.3 104.1 179.8 2.99 4 SPH1950 AKMS 96A x NR459-15 4485.1 2 4.34 2.15 103.0 11 -6.23 -9.52 63.4 103.9 199.0 2.79 5 SPH1951 AKMS 98A x SVD 1408 4546.2 1 5.76 3.54 106.4 4 -3.11 -6.51 62.3 103.0 187.1 2.92 6 SPH1952 AKMS 98A x AKR 524 4246.7 9 -1.21 -3.28 105.4 6 -4.05 -7.42 61.7 103.9 197.2 2.95 7 SPH1953 AKMS 98A x NR458-15 4129.6 11 -3.93 -5.95 104.1 9 -5.23 -8.56 63.3 105.0 194.8 2.81 8 SPH1954 4214A x NR458-15 4230.1 10 -1.59 -3.66 104.3 8 -5.03 -8.37 62.9 106.4 191.5 2.75 9 SPH1955 4214A x NR459-15 4455.2 3 3.64 1.46 106.1 5 -3.36 -6.76 62.9 105.4 185.1 2.92 10 SPH1956 2083A x NR459-15 4278.7 8 -0.46 -2.56 109.3 3 -0.48 -3.98 63.5 104.8 220.7 2.85 11 SPH1957 396A x NR459-15 4000.1 13 -6.94 -8.90 103.5 10 -5.77 -9.09 62.1 105.1 181.2 2.76 12 CSH 14 check 4298.5 7 109.8 2 60.7 104.3 189.4 2.91 13 CSH 30 check 4390.9 4 113.8 1 60.5 105.0 209.4 2.93

General Mean 4298.0 105.8 62.4 104.7 195.2 2.86

CV(%) 14.4 10.93 3.44 3.81 9.22 10.76 P-Value 0.78 0.64 0.03 0.85 0 0.45 CD(5%) 547.9 10.59 2.53 3.3 15.74 0.23 CD(1%) 730.9 14.20 3.37 4.43 20.99 0.30

Note: R - Ranking; GY - Grain Yield (kg/ha); FY - Fodder Yield (kg/ha); DTF - Days to flowering; DTM - Days to maturity; PH - Plant height (cm); GW - 100 grain weight (g) • Days to flowering and maturity – Flowering days ranged from 60-64.5 days indicating that all hybrids fall under early

category. Both CSH 14 and CSH 30 flowered in 61 days and matured in 104 days. Among the test hybrids, SPH 1949 was the earliest to flower (60 days) followed by SPH 1952, SPH 1951 and SPH 1957 which flowered in 62 days.

• Plant height – Plant height ranged from 180 cm in SPH 1948 to 221 cm in SPH 1956. • Grain yield – Best check was CSH 30 (4391 kg/ha). Three hybrids, SPH 1951 (4546 kg/ha), SPH 1950 (4485 kg/ha)

and SPH 1955 (4455 kg/ha) could out yield CSH 30 in grain production to the tune of 1.5-4%. • Fodder yield – Among checks maximum fodder yield was recorded in CSH 30 (114 q/ha) and none of the test hybrids

could yield fodder better than CSH 30. • Grain size – Maximum grain size of 2.99 g/100 seed was recorded in SPH 1949. • Remarks – Two hybrids were found promising with grain yield advantage of 2-3.5% over the best check, CSH 30. 2. Initial Specialty sorghum varietal trial (ISSVT) (Tables 6.1 to 6.9, 6) A trial on specialty sorghums which was initiated under AICRP-sorghum to fast track the release of sorghum genotypes with special traits, was repeated during kharif 2019 with 25 entries, of which 12 were repeated from kharif 2018, 10 new entries and three checks, one colored sorghum check, Paiyur 2, two white sorghum checks, CSV 20 and CSV 17. This trial was conducted across five locations, i.e. Palem, Akola, Parbhani, Hagari and Dharwad. The trial at Dharwad was vitiated, hence the data from the other four locations was used for analysis. The material consists of five red grained genotypes, 11 yellow genotypes, 2 brown grained genotypes.

Table 6: Evaluation of genotypes under Initial Specialty Sorghum trial (ISSVT) over four locations

S No.

Entry Centre Seed color Grain

Yield (kg/ha)

(3)

R % increase over Paiyu

r2

% increa

se over CSV 20

% increa

se over CSV 17

Dry fodder yield (q/ha)

(4)


r2

% increa

se over CSV 20

Days to

50% flowering

(4)

Days to

Maturity (4)

Plant Height (cm) (4)

100 Seed weight (g) (4)

1 SPV2612 Hyderabad Red 4426.2 3 -3.63 35.6 13.3 149.54 16 -19.1 -4.63 66.4 113.5 217.2 2.51 2 SPV2613 Palem Yellow 3267.0 13 -28.9 0.12 -16.4 154.17 14 -16.6 -1.67 65.8 111.2 270.6 2.37 3 SPV2614 Palem Yellow 2788.3 20 -39.3 -14.5 -28.6 144.84 19 -21.6 -7.63 65.4 110.8 270.4 2.21 4 SPV2617 Parbhani Yellow 4996.6 1 8.79 53.1 27.9 206.99 1 12.0 32.0 78.1 125.7 306.9 2.57 5 SPV2620 Akola Yellow 3122.6 15 -32.0 -4.30 -20.1 159.41 11 -13.7 1.66 69.9 115.8 254.4 2.61 6 SPV2624 Hyderabad brown 4190.1 4 -8.77 28.4 7.2 134.90 23 -27.0 -14.0 59.2 105.1 229.5 2.80



S No.

Entry Centre Seed color Grain

Yield (kg/ha)

(3)


r2

% increa

se over CSV 20

% increa

se over CSV 17

Dry fodder yield (q/ha)

(4)


r2

% increa

se over CSV 20

Days to

50% flowering

(4)

Days to

Maturity (4)

Plant Height (cm) (4)

100 Seed weight (g) (4)

7 SPV2625 Hyderabad Yellow 2604.0 23 -43.3 -20.2 -33.3 142.62 21 -22.8 -9.04 61.8 108.8 185.0 2.22 8 SPV2626 Hyderabad Yellow 3929.1 5 -14.5 20.4 0.6 143.30 20 -22.5 -8.61 64.3 109.5 266.5 2.44 9 SPV2627 Hyderabad Red 2920.2 17 -36.4 -10.5 -25.3 149.68 15 -19.0 -4.54 73.9 119.8 218.2 2.41 10 SPV2628 Hyderabad Yellow 2608.6 22 -43.2 -20.1 -33.2 146.99 17 -20.5 -6.26 74.2 119.3 269.5 2.13 11 SPV2629 Hyderabad brown 2789.6 19 -39.3 -14.5 -28.6 166.80 7 -9.74 6.38 61.1 106.1 260.6 2.15 12 SPV2634 Hyderabad white 1962.8 25 -57.3 -39.8 -49.8 165.55 8 -10.4 5.58 79.4 123.3 274.8 1.93 13 SPV2722 Palem Yellow 3871.8 7 -15.7 18.6 -0.9 155.83 13 -15.7 -0.62 64.6 110.8 269.5 2.28 14 SPV2723 Palem Yellow 2831.5 18 -38.3 -13.2 -27.5 167.91 6 -9.14 7.08 67.5 114.6 251.3 2.39 15 SPV2724 Palem white 3365.1 12 -26.7 3.13 -13.9 145.15 18 -21.5 -7.42 63.2 109.0 257.8 2.56 16 SPV2725 Akola white 2780.0 21 -39.5 -14.8 -28.8 119.61 25 -35.3 -23.7 62.2 106.8 172.6 2.01 17 SPV2726 Akola white 3397.6 10 -26.0 4.13 -13.0 162.98 10 -11.8 3.94 62.3 107.9 251.5 2.18 18 SPV2727 Akola Yellow 3008.6 16 -34.5 -7.80 -23.0 141.35 22 -23.5 -9.86 66.6 112.3 277.8 2.56 19 SPV2728 Akola L red 2440.0 24 -46.9 -25.2 -37.5 163.36 9 -11.6 4.18 69.8 114.8 243.7 2.47 20 SPV2729

Akola L brown 3630.0 9 -21.0 11.2 -7.1 193.04 3 4.46 23.1 74.7 120.5 238.2 2.44

21 SPV2730 Parbhani L red 3369.0 11 -26.6 3.25 -13.8 174.41 5 -5.62 11.2 68.1 113.8 280.3 2.11 22 SPV2731 Parbhani Yellow 3736.0 8 -18.6 14.5 -4.4 206.22 2 11.6 31.5 74.5 123.3 277.7 2.34 23 CSV 17 white 3906.7 6 119.69 24 56.9 101.8 153.4 2.25 24 CSV 20 white 3262.8 14 156.83 12 66.8 112.3 231.1 2.42 25 Paiyur 2 brown 4593.0 2 184.84 4 71.3 116.8 267.0 2.67 Gen. Mean 3352.9 158.24 67.1 112.3 247.8 2.36 CV(%) 15.00 15.81 9.1 7.94 10.5 13.15 P-Value 0.06 0.02 0 0.00 0.0 0.03 CD(5%) 1417.09 45.50 5.72 7.27 52.4 0.43 CD(1%) 1893.79 60.39 7.6 9.66 69.6 0.57

Paiyur 2 was the best check with grain yield of 4593 kg/ha, while among the white checks, CSV 17 was the best check with grain yield of 3907 kg/ha. Among the test entries, SPV 2617 with yellow seed was the high grain yielding variety (4997 kg/ha) followed by SPV 2612 (4426 kg/ha) and SPV 2624 (4190 kg/ha). These entries showed 7.2-28% grain yield improvement over the best check, CSV 17.

Table 7: Performance of colored genotypes under Initial Specialty Sorghum trial (ISSVT) over two years

Sl. No.

Entry Centre Seed color Grain Yield (kg/ha)

% increase over

Paiyur2

% increase over CSV 20

% increase

over CSV 17

Dry fodder yield (q/ha) Days to

flower

Days to

maturity

Plant height (cm)

100 seed wt (g)

2018 2019 Av 2018 2019 Av 1 SPV2612 Hyderabad Red 4761.9 4426.2 4594.1 3.89 16.90 19.9 139.5 149.5 144.5 69.6 116.2 208.8 2.75 2 SPV2613 Palem Yellow 3952.4 3267.0 3609.7 -18.37 -8.15 -5.8 154.5 154.2 154.3 67.2 112.8 250.6 2.56 3 SPV2614 Palem Yellow 3908.5 2788.3 3348.4 -24.28 -14.8 -12.6 163.6 144.8 154.2 67.8 113.2 262.8 2.45 4 SPV2617 Parbhani Yellow 3499.2 4996.6 4247.9 -3.94 8.09 10.9 207.2 207.0 207.1 84.4 132.0 286.8 2.87 5 SPV2620 Akola Yellow 4023.1 3122.6 3572.9 -19.20 -9.09 -6.7 140.1 159.4 149.8 69.0 114.3 250.8 2.80 6 SPV2624 Hyderabad Reddish br 3850.1 4190.1 4020.1 -9.09 2.29 5.0 135.2 134.9 135.1 61.6 107.0 228.0 2.91 7 SPV2625 Hyderabad Yellow 3635.8 2604.0 3119.9 -29.45 -20.6 -18.5 101.5 142.6 122.1 64.4 110.3 171.4 2.35 8 SPV2626 Hyderabad Yellow 4038.8 3929.1 3984.0 -9.91 1.37 4.0 150.9 143.3 147.1 65.9 112.1 250.3 2.63 9 SPV2627 Hyderabad Red 3314.0 2920.2 3117.1 -29.51 -20.7 -18.6 130.2 149.7 139.9 79.9 125.3 199.0 2.46 10 SPV2628 Hyderabad Yellow 2809.9 2608.6 2709.2 -38.73 -31.1 -29.3 157.8 147.0 152.4 74.9 119.4 268.1 2.39 11 SPV2629 Hyderabad brown 3840.0 2789.6 3314.8 -25.04 -15.6 -13.5 169.8 166.8 168.3 62.5 107.5 250.3 2.32 12 SPV2634 Hyderabad white 3561.8 1962.8 2762.3 -37.5 -29.7 -27.9 171.2 165.6 168.4 79.6 123.9 274.9 2.54 23 CSV 17 white 3752.6 3906.7 3829.6 90.1 119.7 104.9 58.2 103.5 147.3 2.46 24 CSV 20 white 4597.1 3262.8 3929.9 156.6 156.8 156.7 69.2 114.6 231.1 2.72 25 Paiyur 2 brown 4251.3 4593.0 4422.1 156.0 184.8 170.4 73.9 121.0 253.5 2.71

Twelve entries were evaluated over 2 years, and pooled data over 2 years indicated that SPV 2612 & SPV 2617 were promising for grain yield over checks. SPV 2624 & SPV 2626 also showed marginal grain yield superiority over the checks.

C. Kharif sorghum breeding at IIMR 1. Development kharif sorghum genotypes suitable for different seasons

(C Aruna, IK Das, Deepika, Hariprasanna, Visarada, SS Rao, Padmaja, Ravikumar & Venkateswarlu) Performance of hybrids in station trials: Sixty five experimental hybrids based on 12MS and 15 R lines were sown in RCBD with three replications along with the checks, CSH16, CSH25, CSH30, CSH 35 and private hybrids. Data was recorded on days to flower, plant height, grain yield, panicle length and grain mold score. Of the hybrids evaluated, three medium maturing hybrids recorded more than 5% increase in grain yield over the best check, CSH 25. The highest yielder



among them was 1194A x CB33 which recorded 20% grain yield advantage over CSH 25. Of the total hybrids, 31 were found to be early maturing with days to flower ranging from 56-64, where the early hybrid, CSH 30 flowered in 58 days. Six early maturing hybrids, recorded more than 10% grain yield improvement over the check, CSH 30. One early hybrid, 372A x CB 33 recorded 28% grain yield improvement over CSH 30 and about 10% superiority over CSH 25. With the continuous rains during maturity of the crop during kharif, almost all the hybrids recorded grain mold score (GMS) in the susceptibility range. However, some hybrids have recorded GMS less than 5.0 while the checks, CSH 25 and CSH 35 had GMS of 5.0 or more. Performance of advance breeding lines: Station varietal trial: 56 superior and genetically uniform advance breeding lines derived from restorer × restorer crosses were evaluated along with four varietal checks for testing the performance per se and further utilization as parental lines or OPVs during kharif 2019. Grain yield ranged from 1021 to 5057 kg/ha, and four breeding lines recorded higher grain yield than the best check, CSV 27. IIMR Nos. 19060 and 19051 derived from [AKR 372-1 x DSR 971 (CS 3541 x CB 87)] recorded above 10% grain yield advantage. These lines will be multiplied for multi-location evaluation. Twelve advance lines were superior to C 43 for grain yield, which can be further evaluated for combining ability. New male sterile line development: In order to broaden the genetic base of parental lines used in hybrid development male sterile line development in the genetic background of superior maintainer lines was taken up. During rabi 2018-19, 20 pairs of new male sterile lines in the genetic background of promising maintainer × maintainer derivatives were maintained. Another set of 40 test crosses in BC7 generation were planted during rabi 2019-20 for further backcrossing with the respective maintainer lines for advancement. Breeding nursery for new parental line development: During rabi 2018-19 from the segregating generations in F7-F9, 66 superior selections were made for evaluation in station trials. From F6 generation of 28 single plant progenies planted during kharif 2019, 34 selections were made based on phenotypic superiority for grain yield and related traits. These were further advanced during Rabi 2019-20 for phenotypic selection. Performance of hybrids in rice fallows situation:Five test sorghum hybrids along with the checks (Private hybrids) were evaluated on two farmers’ fields (Davulapalli and Ananthavaram) near Tenali to understand the farmer preferences under zero tillage in rice fallows of Krishna Basin. Relative preferences of sorghum cultivars by the progressive farmer, was based on the plant stature and in relation to its non-lodging feature. The most preferred cultivars by the farmer were RFSH 1 and RFSH 5. Performance of grain mold resistant lines in AICSIP grain mold nursery: Ten grain mold tolerant lines were evaluated for their level of tolerance to grain molds in National grain mold nursery of AICSIP. Five of them were tested for second year and five for first time. GMN 16-4 was consistently good with grain mold resistance onpar with the resistant line, B 58586. 2. Breeding sorghum for specific end uses

(C Aruna, Deepika, Ratnavathi & Venkateswarlu) Performance of the red sorghum genotype, IIMR red, in AICRP-S trials Keeping in view the importance of colored sorghum genotypes, a red sorghum genotype, IIMR Red was developed at IIMR by crossing CSV 15 with the colored germplasm line, IS23514. IIMR red which was found promising in station trials was given for multilocation trial under AICRP-Sorghum. It was tested in the specialty sorghum trial under the name, SPV 2612. There were 27 genotypes including one colored sorghum check, Paiyr 2, two white sorghum checks, CSV 20 and CSV 17 across four locations, i.e. Palem, Akola, Parbhani, Hagari and Dharwad. CSV 20 is the best check with grain yield of 4597 kg/ha, while the colored check recorded 4251 kg/ha and one red grain entry, SPV 2612 recorded 12% improvement in grain yield over Paiyur 2 and 4% over CSV 20. Some colored sorghum lines in the station trial were evaluated for their protein, polyphenol content and antioxidant activity. High protein was observed in YPS 12. High antioxidant activity is observed in BN 193 and BN 35. 3. ICAR consortia research platform on bio-fortification in selected crops for nutritional security (2017-20)

(Hariprasanna K, P Rajendrakumar and R Venkateswarlu) Station varietal trial: 49 promising selections involving ICSR 14001 as one of the parents were evaluated for identifying superior advance breeding lines. The grain yield ranged from 1447 to 4696 kg/ha while the check (ICSR 14001) recorded 3133 kg/ha. Twelve breeding lines exhibited more than 10% grain yield advantage over the check. The days to flowering ranged from 64 to 70 while plant height lied between 145 to 215 cm in these lines. The 100-seed weight ranged from 2.18 to 3.09 g while the check had 3.13 g. The grain iron and zinc content are being estimated. IIMR 19140 and 19141, which had recorded better grain iron and zinc content during previous year are being multiplied for multi-location testing.



Standardization of XRF for sorghum: Use of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) for grain micronutrient estimation is laborious and time consuming and also destructive. There is limitation for number of samples that can me characterized. In order to assess the grain iron and zinc content rapidly and in a non-destructive manner attempts were made to calibrate X-ray Fluorescence equipment and standardize through validation. A set of 50 samples with good range of variation and well distributed values was used for initial calibration of XRF. From this set selected samples were used for further fine tuning of the calibration and generate calibration curves for intensity vs. given concentration of iron and zinc. The standardization is nearly complete for samples with micronutrient levels of 20-40 ppm. A correlation of 0.68 and 0.94 could be achieved between AAS estimates and XRF for iron and zinc, respectively, within a range of 20-40 ppm, and XRF is being used for analysis of iron and zinc content in segregating material. Influence of drying method and sample weight on the XRF: Influence of drying method of the sample and sample weight per se on the XRF reading was studied using different drying temperature and sample weights. Drying at 125 °C for 3h gave marginally superior values for both grain iron and zinc compared to drying at 40 °C for 48h. Sample weight of 3g resulted in slightly lower values for iron and zinc content compared to 4g and 5g, while reading for 4g and 5g were on a par. Thus minimum sample weight of 4 g has to be used for XRF for getting satisfactory results. Variability for grain iron and zinc content: Good variation was observed for both iron and zinc content among 250 genotypes comprising cultivars (mean Fe 32.63±0.52, Zn 22.12±0.44), parental lines of hybrids (mean Fe 34.32±0.71, Zn 23.34±0.51) and selected germplasm accessions (mean Fe 32.57±0.47, Zn 24.63±0.39) collected from major sorghum growing areas. Significant positive correlation was recorded between Fe and Zn content (r=0.55-0.92), which indicates possibility of simultaneous improvement for both. The grain iron ranged from 23.6-39.3 ppm while zinc ranged from 18.8-38.5 ppm in about 55 farmers’ varieties or land races. Exotic collection obtained from ICRISAT had high variability. Some of the accessions like IS 28747, IS 21645 and IS 27054 had > 50 ppm iron and > 37 ppm grain zinc. Grain iron & zinc content in coloured sorghum: In order to find out whether coloured sorghum genotypes possess better micronutrient status compared to white grains and also to identify suitable donors nearly 200 accessions of coloured germplasm comprising both indigenous collection and exotic accessions were planted in the field during rabi 2018-19 and grain samples were harvested for grain iron and zinc estimation. The grain iron ranged from 23.7 ppm to 55.4 ppm among the indigenous accessions while in IS lines it lied between 23 ppm and 58.2 ppm. For grain zinc range was from 24.4 ppm to 67.7 ppm and 23.9 ppm to 65.3 ppm among indigenous accessions and IS lines, respectively. Good variation was observed among the coloured accessions for both micronutrients. Grain zinc had higher range and mean values in both indigenous and IS lines compared to iron content. The grain iron and zinc content were significantly and positively correlated (r = 0.79 and 0.67 for indigenous and IS lines, respectively). Accessions having > 35 ppm iron and zinc content were short listed for further confirmation. Majority of the coloured accessions were found to be agronomicaly poor and photosensitive, with very loose panicles and grains covered with long glumes. The accessions having higher iron and zinc content with good agronomic background will be selected as donor source for grain micronutrient enrichment. Creation of new variability: Exotic germplasm lines reported to be high in grain iron/zinc have been assembled and used for effecting new crosses with elite cultivars. Some improved lines with better grain iron/zinc content have also been acquired from ICRISAT and deployed in recombination breeding. During rabi 2018-19, about 30 new crosses have been effected using elite parents (Palamuru Jonna, CSV 36, CSV 39, CSV 29R, Phule Madhur) and donor sources (ICSR 14001, ICSV 15012, IS 27054, IS 21645, IS 28747, IS 30383, IS 23670). Most of the donors used were photosensitive, had loose panicles with poor productive capacity. Thirty-nine crosses made during previous season was planted and true F1s were identified. Breeding nursery: In the breeding nursery segregating generations in F2 (32), F3 (105), F4 (27), F5 (104), F6 (40), F7 (72) and F8 (56) from previous crosses were planted for advancement during rabi 2018-19 and more than 500 single plant selections were made based on phenotypic attributes of plant and panicles. These materials (F3 to F9) were advanced during kharif 2019 and rabi 2019-20 season for further selection. Some of the superior phenotypic selections made in different generation were assessed for grain micronutrient status. In the 105 selections made in F4 generation during kharif 2018 good variation was observed for grain iron and zinc content. Some of the promising selections were 4738-2 (C 43 × IS 27054) (Fe 66.4 ppm, Zn 39.6 ppm), 4786-2 (ICSR 14001 × IS 12750) (Fe 50.1 ppm, Zn 40.0 ppm), 4793 (ICSR 14001 × Phule Rohini) (Fe 40.6 ppm, Zn 35.5 ppm) and 4722 (C 43 × IS 3283) (Fe 41.4 ppm, Zn 33.5 ppm). These have been advanced to further generations. Some of the lines selected in the stable generations will be further tested and upon confirmation will act as valuable genetic stocks for further breeding programmes. About 25 breeding lines have been identified having > 40 ppm grain iron/zinc in the segregating generations (F4-F9). These will be further advanced and the micronutrient content will be confirmed in the subsequent generations..



Mapping population development: Bioavailability of iron and zinc in sorghum is reported to be low as it is affected by anti-nutritional factors like polyphenols and phytate. Sorghum grains contain these phytochemicals in addition to fibre. For the development of RILs for polyphenols and phytate that affect the bioavailability of iron and zinc, two crosses (SPV 1758 × EA 10, IS 8525 × POP 52) were made with contrasting parents. The stable RILs in F10 have been multiplied and seeds are available for phenotyping and genotyping to identify genomic regions associated with polyphenol and phytate. Association mapping for grain iron and zinc: An association mapping panel consisting of 250 genotypes comprising cultivars, parental lines and selected germplasm accessions representing substantial genetic diversity has been constituted for GWAS and field evaluated for identifying marker-trait association for grain iron and zinc. Population structure analysis of the association panel showed minimum number of clusters (two) revealing a low level of genetic structure of the population and there by its suitability for association mapping. The panel was genotyped using more than 160 SSR markers. SNP genotyping: Towards candidate gene based association mapping of grain iron and zinc content in sorghum, about 22 candidate genes (DMAS, FER, IRT, NAC, HMA, NAAT, NAC, NAS, HMA, VIT, YSL, ZIP, NRAMP, WRKY, IRO2, OPT3, ABC Transporter, FE Superoxide Dismutase, Zn ATPase and Zn Induced facilitator-like) were targeted based on the earlier reports in cereals (rice, wheat, maize and barley) and by orthologue search and retrieval of candidate gene IDs from MOROKOSHI database, a total of 143 SNPs were retrieved from SorGSD (http://sorgsd.big.ac.cn/) by comparing the available germplasm accessions in database. Genotyping of association mapping panel by KASP Assay was performed with 57 SNPs so far and 46 have shown polymorphism. Further genotyping with more SNPs is in progress. The AM panel is being raised at 3 locations for phenotyping for grain iron and zinc. 4. Improvement of sweet and high biomass sorghums for biofuel and forage production Sweet sorghum evaluation Evaluation of experimental sweet sorghum varieties for brix, stalk yield and other characters (varietal trial): During kharif 2019, 30 sweet sorghum varieties including the checks CSV 19SS, SSV74 and CSV 24SS were evaluated in a replicated trial to identify promising varieties with high stalk and sugar yields. Observations on sweet sorghum productivity traits were recorded (Table 1). Results: Significant differences were observed among the varieties for most of the characters studied. The variety (RSCN 2103 X SSV 84)-2-1-3-1-1-1-2 recorded the highest fresh biomass yield of 70 t/ha and was 17% superior to the best check CSV 19SS (60 t/ha). The next best varieties with 12% more biomass yields over the check were (SPV 1871 X SSV 74)-5-2-1-1-1-2, (SPV 1871 X ICSV93046)-2-3-1-1 and (SPV 1871 X ICSV93046)-2-3-1-3. With respect to juice yield, (SPV 1871 X SSV 74)-5-2-1-1-1-1 recorded the highest yields of 17559 L/ha and was 57 % superior to the best check CSV 24SS (11178 L/ha). The other promising variety was (SPV 1871 X ICSV93046)-2-1-1-1 with a juice yield of 15417 L/ha and 37% superiority over the check. For total sugars, the entry (N 592 X N594)-1-3-5-1-1-2-1 was promising. With respect to computed ethanol yields, the entry (SPV 1871 X SSV 74)-5-2-1-1-1-1 recorded the highest ethanol yields of 1599 L/ha and was 36% superior to the best check CSV 24SS (1179 L/ha). Conclusions: (SPV 1871 X SSV 74)-5-2-1-1-1-1 was promising for juice and ethanol yields. High biomass sorghum evaluation: Evaluation of high biomass sorghum derivatives for biomass traits: Twenty four high biomass sorghum breeding derivatives including check CSH 22SS were evaluated for biomass traits during kharif 2019 in a replicated trial. Observations on biomass parameters were recorded. Results: The entry (SSV74 x SSV84 Tall)-6-1-1 recorded the highest fresh biomass yield of 68 t/ha and was 48 % superior to the elite check CSH 22SS (46 t/ha) (Fig 1). The next promising entry was (SSV84 Tall x RSSV351)-2-3-1 with a fresh biomass yield of 46 t/ha. These two entries were also promising for dry biomass. Conclusions: The cellulose and hemicellulose levels of above two entries have to be ascertained.

D. Kharif sorghum breeding at AICRP on Sorghum centers 1. AKOLA Priority areas of research identified for the centre:- Kharif Grain Breeding

1. Breeding early to mid late maturity male sterile lines and Restorers lines for development of potential hybrids. 2. Breeding early hybrids/varieties for drought prone areas and development of potential hybrids/potential varieties

with midlate maturity (115 to 120 days) for assured rainfall areas. 3. Diversification of male sterile lines including use of alternative sources of cytoplasm.



4. Development of diversed restorer lines with good per se performance and good combining ability for yield and grain quality.

5. Development of potential lines resistant to major pest and diseases and tolerant to drought. Rabi Grain Breeding

1. Development of rabi adopted, shoot fly and drought tolerant, male sterile lines. 2. Development of rabi adopted shoot fly, drought tolerant and early maturing restorers and varieties. 3. Development of rabi adopted, shoot fly tolerant, photo insensitive, drought tolerant hybrids. 4. Utilization of germplasm resources to diversify the genetic base.

Forage Sorghum Breeding 1. To develop high yielding multicut forage sorghum hybrids and varieties with good regeneration and better tillering

capacity. 2. To breed nutritionally better hybrids and varieties having more protein and IVDMD percent.

Sweet sorghum and Wani Sorghum Breeding 1. Development and evaluation of sweet sorghum varieties with higher biomass, higher juice percentage and better

quality. 2. Development and evaluation of Wani Sorghum (Sorghum for parching purpose).

Progress on each of the target traits in bullets KharifGrain Breeding

Uptilll now during last ten years, under Kharif grain breeding programme, one national release hybrid CSH 35, one state release hybrid SPH 1635, one state release kharif sorghum dual purpose variety PDKV Kalyani, two state release kharif parching sorghum varieties PKV Ashwini and PDKV HurdaKartiki have been released.

One Kharif sorghum dual purpose variety AKSV 161 (SPV 2307) has been recently accepted for national release with the name CSV 34.

Rabi Grain Breeding One Rabi sorghum hybrid SPH 1801 has been recently accepted for national release with the name CSH 39 R. One state released potential rabi sorghum variety PKV Kranti released twelve years back is still popular among

the farmers of the region. Wani Sorghum Breeding

Uptilll now during last ten years, under Kharif parching sorghum breeding programme, two state release kharif parching sorghum varieties PKV Ashwini and PDKV HurdaKartiki have been released.

Grain Sorghum Kharif- Breeding Programme 1. R line development programme

• During Kharif 2019, following F3 seed of twenty R x R crosses were planted and from which following individual plants have been selected under F4 generation.

Sr. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant planted 1 F4 (RxR) Akola-265 x AKSV-161 8 2 Akola-206-3 x AKSV-304 1 3 IC 286441 x AKSV-182-3 8 4 IC 286314 x AKSV-267 6 5 Akola-206-3 x AKSV-313 3 6 Akola-206-3 x AKSV-182-3 2 7 Akola-206-3 x AKSV-314 1 8 IC 286542 x AKSV-180 6 9 Akola-265 x AKSV-267 2

10 AKSV-182-3 x IC 286542 11 11 IC 286441 x AKSV-267 6 12 IC 285986 x AKSV-182-3 10 13 IC 286542 x AKSV-304 6 14 AKSV-267 x IC 286362 5 15 IC 285945 x AKSV-314 3 16 Akola-265 x AKSV-182-3 4 17 IC 286542 x AKSV-182-3 3 18 Akola-265 x AKSV-314 5 19 Akola-206-3 x RS-29-1 3 20 IC 286314 x AKSV-161 1 Total 94

• During Kharif 2019, following F4 seed of nine R x R crosses were planted and from which following individual plants have been selected under F5 generation.

Sr. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant planted 1 F5 (R x R) PVK 809 x AKSV-144-4 12



2 (436 x 673-5) x PVK-809 3 3 AKSV-144-4x (436 x 673-5) 1 4 (436 x 673-5) x CSV-20 4 5 CSV-27 x AVT-2008 6 6 AKSV-144-4 x PVK-809 2 7 CSV-27 x AVT-2010 22 8 AKSV-144-4 x CSV-20 5 9 CSV-20 x AVT-2013 7 Total 62

• Following F5 selections (IPS) were planted during kharif 2019 and 27 single plant selections made during Kharif

2019-20 in F6 are as below. Sr. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant planted

1 F6 (R x R) AKSV-314 X AKSV-313 2 2 AKSV-346 X AKSV-313 3 3 ICSR-98008 X (AKR-73 X SPV-504) 3 4 AKSV-318 X AKR-325-1 1 5 AKSV-313 X AKSV-314 2 6 AKSV-346 X AKSV-161 3 7 ICSR-82002 X AKR-337 3 8 AKSV-318 X AKSV-314 2 9 AKSV-318 X AKSV-182-1 3 10 AKSV-161 X AKSV-314 2 11 AKSV-161 X AKSV-313 2 12 AKSV-313 X R-265 1 Total 27

• Under F4 selections from following eight four-way crosses were sown in kharif 2019-20 and from which following

individual plants have been selected for advance generation. Sr. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected

1 F5 (RxR) (PVK-809 X 70 B) X (CSV-20 X SPV-669) 4 2 (PVK-809 X 70 B) X (CSV -23 X CSV-27) 4 3 (SPV-669 X CSV-20) X (CSV-23 X 70 B) 3 4 (PVK 809 X CSV-27) X (PVK-809 X 70 B) 3 5 (CSV-20 X SPV-669) X (PVK-809 X 70 B) 4 6 (CSV-20 X SPV-669) X (CSV-23 X 70 B) 3 7 (SPV-669 X 70 B) X (PVK-809 X CSV-27) 4 8 (CSV-20 X CSV-23) X (SPV-669 X 70 B) 5 Total 30

• Total 28 selections were made in six R x R crosses in F9 generation and 41 selections were made in five R x R crosses

in F10 generation Sr. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected

1 F9(RxR) SPV- 1616 x ICSR 43911 – 3 4 CSV – 17 x AKR 456 2 SPV – 1616 x ICSR 43407 2 ART- 1023 x ICSR 43911-3 8 ART- 1019 x ICSR 43689 8 AKR 150 x ICSR 89058 4

Total 28 2 F10 (RxR) CSV23 X 70 B 8

SPV-669 X CSV-27 6 CSV-23 X 70 B 9 CSV-27 X 70B 8 CSV-20 X 70 B 10

Total 41 2. MS Conversion programme

Total 32 BC pairs were made during Kh-2019. Sr. No. Generation No. of families/single plant selected (Advancement of BC pairs made during the year)

1 BC-I 5 2 BC-II 3 3 BC-III 6 4 BC-IV 8 5 BC-V 5 6 BC-VI 1 7 BC-VII 2 8 BC-VIII 2 Total 32



3. Trait specific line development programme

Trait 1-Grain Mold Resistance Breeding Programme B line development programme • Under group efforts on sharing of breeding material, the following F3 seed of 6 double crosses was received

during Kharif 2019. The number of selections made is as below- S. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No.families/single plant

selected 1 F4(B x B) DC 82- (ICSB 14001 x 27 B) x (ICSB 29007 x ICSB 14002) 4

DC 76- (ICSB 29001 x ICSR 29002) x (ICSB 14001 x 296 B) 6 DC 77- (ICSB 29002 x ICSB 29003) x (ICSB 29007 x ICSB 101) 4 DC 114- (ICSB 711 x ICSB 706) x (ICSB 737 x ICSB 719) 4 DC 115- (ICSB 737 x ICSB 780) x (ICSB 689 x ICSB 706) 4 DC 116- (ICSB 737 x ICSB 719) x (ICSB 711 x ICSR692) 3

Total 25

1. MS Conversion programme • In MS line development programme total 29 BC pairs under different back cross generations involving the crosses

having grain mold resistant lines were made during Kh-2019. S No. Generation No. families/single pl selected(Advancement of BC pairs made during the year) 1 BC-I 4 2 BC-II 4 3 BC-III 7 4 BC-IV 4 5 BC-V 3 6 BC-VI 4 7 BC-VII 3 Total 29

Trait 2 – Shoot Fly Resistance Breeding Programme

1. R line development programme • During kharif 2019, the following selections from F5 population were made in twelve different crosses.

SNo Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected 1 F5(RxR) (CSV-20 X IS-2205) X (14 B X IS-2312) 17

(CSV-20 X IS-2312) X (PVK-809 X IS-2205) 5 (CSV-20 X IS-2205) X (IS-2312 X IS-2205) 16 (PVK-809 X IS-2312) X (CSV-23 X IS-2205) 5 (CSV-23 X IS-2312) X (CSV-20 X IS-2205) 8 (14 B X IS-2312 X (CSV-23 X IS-2312) 16 (14 B X IS-2312) X (CSV -20 X IS-2205) 5 (CSV-27 X IS-2205) X (14 B X IS-2312) 2 (CSV-27 X IS-2312) X (IS-2312 X IS-2205) 9 (CSV-20 X IS-2205) X (CSV-23 X IS-2312) 4 (PVK-809 X IS-2312) X (CSV-27 X IS-2205) 10 (CSV-27 X IS 2312) X (CSV-27 X IS-2205) 8

Total 105 2. MS Conversion programme • In MS line development programme total 23 BC pairs under different back cross generations involving the 17

crosses and showing shoot fly resistance were selected during Kh-2019. S.No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected 1 BC-I 2 4 2 BC-II 2 3 3 BC-III 3 4 4 BC-IV 3 3 5 BC-V 2 2 6 BC-VI 3 4 7 BC-VII 2 3 Total 17 23

Trait 3 – Enrichment of sorghum for micronutrients



• Under the programme of zinc and iron enrichment, the material developed by using donar parents have been advance on the basis of their performance. During this year out of 16 crosses in F5 generation, 161 families have been selected for three promising performance.

S No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected 1 F5 (RxR) ICSR-113 x ICSR-135 6

ICSR-113 x ICSR-40 7 ICSR-34 x ICSR-135 9 ICSR-135 x ICSR-72-2 14 ICSR-69 x ICSR-113 53 ICSR-69 x ICSR-34 11 ICSR-69 x ICSR-135 5 ICSR-34 x ICSR-69 4 ICSR-34 x ICSR-113 1 ICSR-28 x ICSR-14001 19 ICSR-69 x ICSR-72 10 ICSR-69 x ICSR-196 7 ICSR-72 x ICSR-196 7 ICSR-135 x ICSR-72-1 4 ICSR-113 x IVT 4061 1 ICSR-113 x (436 x 670-5) 3

Total 161 The Promising selections have been made on the basis of boldness, luster and promising performance for yield. The material will e tested for Zn and Fe content and on the basis of their performance for nutrient composition the material will be advance in the succeeding generation. 5. Station hybrid/varietal trial

S. no

Name of trial No. of entries tested

Checks used Superior entries

1 Multilocation Varietal cum Hybrid Trial (MVHT)

22 SPH-1635, CSH- 35, CSH -25, CSV 20, PDKV Kalyani

MVHT- AKSH 727, AKSH 762, AKSV 318, AKSV 346

2 Multilocation Hybrid Trial (MHT) 20 CSH-14,CSH-25,SPH-1635,CSH-35 MHT- AKSH 733, AKSH 764,AKSH 750 3 Multilocation Varietal Trial-I (MVT-I) 20 CSV-20,PDKV Kalyni MVT-I- AKSV 267, AKSV 277-1, AKSV 382 4 Multilocation Varietal Trial-II (MVT-II) 20 CSV-20,PDKV Kalyni MVT-II- AKSV 385, AKSV 416, AKSV 425 5 State Multilocation Varietal cum

Hybrid Trial (SMVHT) 20 Coded SMVHT-20-06,20-12,2026

Total five station trials were successfully conducted. 6. AICSIP trial:

Sr. no.

No. of AICSIP trials allotted Kharif Grain Breeding

No. of AICSIP trials successfully conducted

1 6 (AHT,AVT,IHT,IVT,IEHT, ISSVT) 6 All the six AICSIP trials were successfully conducted and data of the trials has been submitted to IIMR, Hyderabad. 7. Other activities a. Student guidance – Ph.D.-1 students and M.Sc.-2 students b. Training organized- Four c. Lines for registration- Kharif sorghum grain mold resistant lines AKGMR 117 and 119 have been identified for

registration. 8. Publications:

Research Papers-7 Popular Articles-12

9. Other points regarding the breeding material Maintaince of A B lines-26 No. of Restorer lines-451 No. of experimental hybrids-36 No. of varietal selections- 161 Wani sorghum selections-50 10. Other important points-

The unit has arranged four field days on farmers field for creating awareness and population of new cultures on farmers filed.



2. CHAMARAJANAGAR Germplasm Collection: A total of 84 local Germplasm (Makri Jowar-55, Sweet Sorghum-21 and Fodder Sorghum-8) were collected from different villages of kanakapura taluk, Ramanagara District, Karnataka state . Hybridization program : New crosses attempted :

Kharif 2019: Gundlupet local X CSV-17 Rabi 2019-20: Gundlupet local X CSV-29R Segregating material (F4): Thirty five single plant selections were made from the three different double crosses for different yield traits . Sl DC No Pedigree No of

Selections Trait of selection

1 DC16 (ICSR94405xICSR94312)x(ICSR94407xICSR94374) 15 Compact panicle, medium plant height and bold seed. 2 DC17 (ICSR94405xICSR94374)x(ICSR27xICSR94599) 10 Compact panicle, medium plant height and bold seed 3 DC18 (ICSR94405xICSR94374)x(ICSR94312xICSR94399) 10 Compact panicle, medium plant height and bold seed. Total 35

3. Purification of Gundlupet local –A total of 27 Single Plant (SPS)were selected and advanced to next year (ear to row method)

4. Gundlupet local mutants : A total of 68 mutants were selected and advanced to M2 generation 5. Number of station trial conducted 01

SI. No. Name of trial No. of entries Superior entries 1 Station trial 16 SPV-462,DSV-6,CSV-17,SPV-2366. Based on two years data two entries SPV-2366 for Grain and CNFS-1 for fodder are accepted for MLT. 6. Co - ordinated trials: Successfully conducted the following trials allotted to our center

SL.No. Experiments Number of treatments

1 Evaluation of suitable legume for sorghum based cropping system for southern dry zone 14

2 AHT GS -2019 11 3 AVT -GS - 2019 14 4 IHT GS -2019 18 5 IVT GS -2019 25 6 IVHT-SC 2019 22 7 AVHT SC-2019 16 8 IEHT-2019 13

Rabi-2018-19 1 IAVHT Deep soil -2019-20 (2018 Reapeted) 24 2 IVHT Deep soil 2019-20 25 2 Germplasm (IIMR) 37 3 Mutants M4 Generation 35

Priority areas of research identified for the centre

1. To identify the genotypes suitable for early khariff. 2. To identify dual purpose genotypes 3. To identify the drought tolerant genotypes

Progress on each of the target traits in bullets 4. Station hybrid/varietal trial - Sr. no. Name of trial No. of entries Checks used Superior entries Station trial 16 Gundlupet Local SPV-462, DSV-6, CSV-17, SPV-2366. Based on two years data two entries SPV-2366 for Grain and CNFS-1 for fodder are accepted for MLT.

5. AICSIP trial:

Sr.no. No. of AICSIP trials allotted No. of AICSIP trials successfully conducted 1 Breeding - 7 7 2 Agronomy -1 1

Rabi-2018-19 1 Breeding -2 2 2 Germplasam 37

6. Other activities d. Student guidance – Serving as a Office in-charge of AICRP on Sorghum, KVK, Chamarajanagar. e. Serving as a Chairman and member of advisory committee for Four post graduation students f. Workshop organized- One day National workshop on digital Field Book was organized on 21st

g. Serving as a Assistant Director of Student Welfare at College of Agriculture, Chamarajanagar.

September 2019 at AICRP on Sorghum, KVK, Chamarajanagar.



h. Serving as a Assistant Registrar at College of Agriculture, Chamarajanagar. i. Serving as a Student Counselor at College of Agriculture, Chamarajanagar. j. Serving as a chairman of time table committee at College of Agriculture, Chamarajanagar. k. Served as a Physical stock verification officer for AICRP on Cotton, KVK, Chamarajanagar. l. Serving as a Member of Purchase committee at KVK, Chamarajanagar.

Publications: Research articles: 3 Folder: 01

3. COIMBATORE Priority areas of research identified for the centre

Centre Insect Disease Abiotic Product type Coimbatore Shoot fly, Midge, Stem borer Downy mildew, Grain mold - Dual purpose & forage, colored sorghums

Progress on each of the target traits in bullets

• For shoot pests 8 new crosses, for midge 7 new crosses were made. • In segregating population, in F2, 3 crosses for shoot pests and grain mould, 2 for midge and 2 for red grain, in

F3 for shoot pests 18 families 6 crosses, in F4, 10 familes 3 crosses for shoot pests, in F5, 6 families 3 crosses for shoot pests and one cross and families for downy mildew were raised during summer.

• Under forage improvement programme promising forage lines are crossed with best performing local land races for developing superior progenies.

• During Summer’2019 totally 35 emasculation based crosses were made for forage improvement programme. • Totally 16 F1s were evaluated and only 10 promising F1s selected for forwarding to F2 generation. • Under F2 two populations were evaluated and ten promising single plants were selected. • In F3 totally 56 progenies evaluated and 48 promising lines were selected.

Programme name (Grain sorghum- Kharif) R line development programme a. Grain sorghum

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected Shoot pests F1 8 Crop is in seedling stage Midge F1 7 Crop is in seedling stage Shoot pests and Grain mould F2 3 Crop is in seedling stage Midge F2 3 Crop is in seedling stage Red grain F2 2 Crop is in seedling stage Shoot pests F3 18 families 6 crosses Crop is in seedling stage Shoot pests F4 10 familes 3 crosses Crop is in seedling stage Shoot pests F5 6 families 3 crosses Crop is in seedling stage Downy mildew F4 1 cross 4 families Crop is in seedling stage b. Forage sorghum: Development Single cut forage varieties

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses/Progenies evaluated No. families/single plant selected 1 F1 16 10 2 F2 10 10 3 F3 56 48 Total 82 68

Station hybrid/varietal trial

Sr. no.

Name of trial No. of entries


Grain sorghum 1 Variety release - - The culture TNS 648 is a hybrid derivative of the cross (APK 1 x M35-1). TNS648 with grain yield

potential of 2900 kg under irrigated condition and 2400 kg/ha under rainfed condition with dry fodder yield of 11 and 6.5 t/ha has been released during this year. It matures in 105 - 110 days, Grains are highly acceptable, Yellow white in colour, borne on medium semi-compact ear heads. The culture TNS 648 is moderately resistant to shoot fly and stem borer and moderately resistant to downy mildew and grain mould. It has high protein (11.31-14.66%) and fibre content (5.8%) along with better cooking quality traits. Hence, the culture TNS 648 is proposed to be released as CO 32 for general cultivation in Tamil Nadu for both in rainfed and irrigated condition.

2 ART 1 CO 30, K12 TNS 661 is in second year ART. 1 MLT-S (19) 3 CO30

K12 Three cultures viz., TNS 663, TNS 667 and TKSV 1308 were tested in MLT-S 18. None of them were superior to check variety. For fodder yield TNS 663 and TNS 667 was found to best with 83.4 and 8481 kg/ha by recording 13 and 31 % inc. over CO 30

MLT-K19 4 CO30, K12 In MLT K19, four cultures were tested. None of them were found to be promising both for fodder and



Sr. no.



CSV 39 grain yield 2 UVT-K19 3 CO30

K12 CSV 39

Two promising cultures were tested in UVT-K19. TNS 676 and TNS 680 recorded highest grain yield of 3472 and 3796 kg/ha with yield increase of 12 and 22 percent. The fodder yield recorded in these entries were 9769 and 9352 kg/ha with yield increase of 21 and 16 % over the check CO 32.

3 UVT1-S (19) 7 CO30 K12

Seven cultures were tested. None of them were found to be promising over CO 30 for grain yield. However five cultures excelled the variety K12. All the cultures were found to be better than CO 30 by recording increased fodder yield of 7 (TNS 684) to 21 % (TNS 688). None of them were found to be promising than K12 for fodder yield.

4 UVT1I-S (19) 6 CO30 K12

Six culture were tested in UVT-II (S18). The culture TNS 676 and TNS 680 recorded highest grain yield of 4097 and 4200 kg/ha respectively with yield increase of more than 20 percent. Highest fodder yield was recorded by TNS 680 (10775 kg/ha) followed by TNS 676 (9917 kg/ha) with yield increase 29.6 ad 19 percent respectively.

5 PYT 5 CO30 K12

Five families were evaluated in PYT. Among these .K 8 x IS 18551- 11-6-1-1-1 and CO 26 x B 35- 16-5-1-2-1 were found to be promising by recording grain yield of 4583 and 4444 kg/ha with increased yield of 14 and 10 percent over Co 30 and 22 and 19 percent increase over K12. The same entries also recorded high fodder yield of 8000 and 7902 kg/ha with yield increase of 8.8 and 7.5 over CO 30 and 20 and 18.6 percent over K12

7 Breeder seed prod.

CO 30 - 125 kg were produced and supplied during the year 2019-20

8 Summer trials - - The trial on screening for drought resistance (CO 32+ six local land races), MLT-S (4+2), UVT (5+2), Germplasm lines ( Yellow grain types= 20 nos, ICRISAT lines 34.), R lines ( 11 Nos.), AB lines ( 8 pairs ), F2 ( 7 crosses), F3( 18 families, 6 crosses), F4 (10 familes), F5( six familes) were raised and the crop is in seedling stage.

Forage sorghum Sl. No Name of trial No. of entries Checks used Superior entries Summer’ 2019

1. UVT-I

6+3 K11 CSV 24 SS CO 27

Six test entries along with three checks were tested in UVT I (FS/SS) to evaluate the green fodder yield. Five entries performed superior than CO 27 (33.19 Kg/Plot) for green fodder yield. All the five entries viz., TNSS 223, TNSS 224, TNSS 225, TNSS 226 and TNSS 227 were forwarded to UVT II.

2. UVT-II

8+3 K11 CSV 24 SS CO 27

Totally eight entries with three checks were evaluated in UVT II during Summer’2019. Among the entries tested only two entries viz., TNFS 220 (33.28 Kg/Plot) and TNFS 222 (35.96 Kg/Plot) were found superior than CO 27 (28.81 Kg/Plot) and CSV 24SS (30.60 Kg/Plot). These two entries were nominated to MLT testing during 2019-20.

3. Crossing block 35 - During Summer 2019 totally 35 emasculation based crosses were made for forage purpose.

4. ECF1 16 crosses

K11 CO 27

Sixteen crosses viz., Vilathikulam x CO 27; IS 9985 x CO 27; Tenkasi x IS 6312; AS 9841 x CO 27; IS 6312 x K11, AS 2699 x K11; IS38060 x K11; Tenkasimelagaram x Tiruvengadam 2; IS18469 x K11; K11 x CO27; IS 6055 x K11; IS 9407 x K11; IS 6312 x Tenkasi; Tiruvengadam2 x Tenkasi; Tenkasi x CO 27 and IS 18469 x Tenkasi were evaluated for fodder yield.

5. ECF2 2 K11 CO 27

Two F2 populations were evaluated for fodder yield traits. Totally ten single plants were selected for desirable fodder traits.

6. ECF3 56 K11 CO 27

Totally 56 plant progeny rows were raised for evaluation. Out of which 48 progenies were selected for further evaluation.

Kharif’ 2019 7. MLT 2+2 K11

CO 27 Among the two entries tested MLT-FS-K-19-03 was found to be promising with green fodder yield of 62.50 t/ha with % increase of 53.84 % over CO 27 (40.63 t/ha) and 15.70 % increase over K11 51.56 t/ha.

8. UVT II 5+3 K11 CSV 24 SS CO 27

Five test entries along with three checks were tested in UVT II (FS/SS) to evaluate the green fodder yield. The culture TNSS 227 recorded the green fodder yield of 67.19 t/ha over the check varieties namely CSV24SS (54.69 t/ha) and CO 27 (40.63 t/ha) for the % increase of 22.85% and 65.38 respectively. Followed by TNSS 224 recorded 64.84 t/ha with the % increase of 18.57% and 59.62% over CSV24SS and CO27 resp.

9. Crossing block - - Totally nine recurrent parents and ten BMR donor parents were utilized in the crossing programme. Finally 12 F1’s were synthesized from the above parents. These F1’s being evaluated during Summer’2020.

8. Breeder seed Supply

1 CSV 33 MF A quantity of 401 kg breeder seed produced and supplied to the different seed producing institutes.

Rabi 2018 9. BSP 1 CSV 33 MF To achieve the target sowing takenup in 0.4ha in fd.no MBS 12. At present the crop is in

seed development to maturity stage. The target will be achieved.



AICSIP trial:

Trial No. of AICSIP trials allotted

No. of AICSIP trials successfully conducted

Grain sorghum 4 4 Forage sorghum 3 3 Sweet sorghum 1 1

BMR trial 1 1

4. Other activities Students guidance – 10 a. Trainings/workshop/ conference/ Exhibition attended- 5

Publications: Research articles: 9 Abstracts: 2 Radio talks: 2 Other points regarding the breeding material Breeding material No. Grain sorghum Maintaince of A B lines 15 No. of Restorer lines 10 No. of varietal selections 25 Forage sorghum No. of Restorer lines - No. of varietal selections 68 No. of germplasms studied 142 Awards received: D. Kavithamani received best poster presentation award (third prize) at the national symposium on potential crops for food and nutritional security held on 14-15th

4. DEESA

December,2019 at TNAU, Coimbatore

Station/state hybrid/varietal trial S No.

Name of trial No of entries


1. Preliminary Evaluation Trial (PET) of Dual Sorghum

20 0303 GJ-43 GNJ-1 CSV -20

• Grain: DS-209, DS-202 and DS-217 • Dry fodder: DS-210 ,DS-202 and DS-201

2. Preliminary Evaluation Trial (PET) (Forage Sorghum )

20

03 CSV-21 F, GAFS-12, GFS-6

• DSF-209, DSF-202 and DSF-195 for both green and dry fodder yield.

3. Large Scale Varietal Trial (LSVT) of Grain &Dual Sorghum

14

03 GJ-43 GNJ-1 CSV -20

• Grain yield: SR-2980, SR-2957 and SR-3019 • Dry fodder yield: DS-172, DS-159, DS-156 and DS-171

4. Small Scale Varietal Trial (SSVT) of Grain &Dual Sorghum

15

03 GJ-43 GNJ-1 CSV -20

• Grain yield: SR-3048, SR-3049, SR-3040 and DS-184 • Dry fodder yield: DS-200, DS-189, DS-184 and DS-183

5. Large Scale Varietal Trial (LSVT) of Forage Sorghum-SC

12


• Green fodder yield: SRF-332, DS-168 and DSF-117 • Dry fodder yield: SRF-332, DSF-117 and SRF-382

6. Small Scale Varietal Trial (SSVT) of Forage Sorghum-SC

12


• DSF-192, DSF-187, and SRF-404 for both green and dry fodder yield

1. AICSIP trial:

S.No. No. of AICSIP trials allotted No. of AICSIP trials successfully conducted 1. Main Center: Deesa 08 (eight) 08 2. Volunteer Center: Aseda 02 (Two) 02

Other points regarding the breeding material (i) Germplasm collection and maintenance: Total 230 germplasm accession maintained at the centre. For use of male

sterile line in hybridization programme 10 A and B lines were maintained and being used in breeding program at the centre.

(ii) Development of new crosses: For strengthening the dual and forage (SC) sorghum breeding programme, attempted 22 new crosses under the project during summer 2019, out of these 19 crosses made successfully (Table 1).

Table 1. The list of crosses made successfully S.N. Cross Characters 1. AVT 2007 × DS 193 Dual type



S.N. Cross Characters 2. AVT 2007 × GFS 4 Dual type 3. Malwan × AVT 2007 Dual type 4. GJ 43 × DS 193 Dual type 5. GJ 43 × DS 193 Dual type 6. GJ 43 × AVT 2007 Dual type 7. DS 194 × AVT 2011 Dual type 8. DS 193 × GFS 4 Dual type 9. Malwan × CSV 30F Dual type 10. Malwan × GFS 4 Dual type 11. DS 193 × CSV 30F SC fodder type 12. DS 1142 × CSV 30F SC/MC fodder type 13. DS 1135 × CSV 30F SC fodder type 14. DS 1147 × CSV 30F SC fodder type 15. SPV 2445 × CSV 30F SC/MC fodder type 16. DSF 187 × CSV 30F SC/MC fodder type 17. DS 194 × GAFS 12 SC fodder type 18. DS 194 × CSV21F SC fodder type 19. DS 181 × GFS 6 SC fodder type

(iii) Generation Advancements and Bulked:

Under the generation advancement 757 single plant progenies of dual and fodder sorghum (F1 to F8) were grown of which 332 progenies have advanced on the basis of single cut fodder type, dual type, good plant height, number of leaves per plant, sweetness, leaf canopy, ear head type, shoot fly and stem borer resistance, stem thickness, puffy and non-puffy type and other parameters (Table 2).

Table 2: Generation Advancement and single plant selections: SN Stage No. Progenies

evaluated No of Selections /Advancement

Characters

Dual /Grain sorghum

1 F1 30 27 Dual and Forage type, Leafy type, good plant height, thin stem, SC type

2 F2 68 12 Good plant height, good panicle length, high biomass and broad and long leaves, bold grain, tan type

3. F3 234 134 Good plant height, good panicle length, high biomass and broad and long leaves, bold grain, tan type

3 F4 78 32 Good plant height, good panicle length, high biomass and broad and long leaves, bold grain, tan type, compact panicles,

4 F5 146 63 Ten type, Forage type, Leafy, good plant height, thin stem, SC type 5 F7 20 9 Forage type, Leafy, good plant height, thin stem, SC type

Total 576 277

No of varietal selection: 38 (Grain/Dual type) and 17 (Forage type) 2. Other activities

m. Student guidance – 02 (M.Sc (Agri.)) Under Guidance: 04 Training organized- - Lines for registration- iv. Publications:

1. Research Articles: 07 (2 sorghum and 5 non-sorghum) 3. Popular Article: 02 5. DHARWAD Kharif sorghum is important for North Karnataka not only for grains but also for fodder. Hence main objective is to develop improved varieties and hybrids for dual purpose coupled with tolerance to biotic stress like, grain mold disease and shoot fly pest. Six AICRP trials viz., IVT (GS), IHT (GS), AVT (GS), AHT (GS), IEHT and ISSVT were conducted during kharif 2019. Nine entries comprising of five hybrids and four varieties from Dharwad centre were tested in AICRP trials. Genotype, SPV-2423 has been identified by VIC during 2018 and submitted for notification. Two MLTs and five station trials have been conducted besides, evaluation of germplasm and different segregating generations. There was one private hybrid testing trial to compare the performance of different private company sorghum hybrids. Some of the promising varieties and hybrids are given in the report below; Promising genotypes in station trials at Dharwad centre during kharif, 2019 Sno Trial Promising entry 1 MLVT SPV-2366, SPV-2423, SPV-2568, SPV-2569, SVD-1376 2 PVT SVD-1409, SVD-1411, SVD-1413, SVD-1414, SVD-1416 3 SVT I DKS-1, DKS-35, DKS-59



4 SVT-II SVD-1246, SVD-1324,SVD-1392, SVD-1393 5 MLHT SHD-145K & SHD-150K 6 SHT-I SHD-159, SHD-162, SHD-164 7 SHT-II SPH-1816, SPH-1817, SHD-111, SHD-152 8 Private hybrid testing MJ-4334 (Metahelix) Programme name : Grain sorghum- kharif 7. R line development programme

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plants selected 1 F1 7 8 2 F2 - - 3 F3 3 10 4 F4 2 4 5 F5 3 10 6 F6 2 2 Total 10 26

Trait-specific line development programme A. Variety development programme Trait 1- Shoot fly resistant line development programme

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected 1 F2 4 32 2 F3 3 10 3 F4 2 4 4 F5 3 8 5 F6 5 10 Total 17 64 Trait 2 – Grain mold resistant line development programme

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected 1 F1 3 5 2 F2 4 25 3 F3 9 29 4 F4 12 35 5 F5 9 27 6 F6 3 5 Total 34 126

Trait 3 Agronomic superiority (Grain & ear head size) Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses/ families evaluated No. of families/single plant selected

1 F1 8 10 2 F2 6 45 3 F3 6 20 4 F4 36 78 5 F5 23 50 6 F6 30 61 Total 109 264 Station hybrid/varietal trials

Sr. no.



1 Multilocation Varietal trial 12 DSV-6 & CSV-23 SPV-2366, SPV-2423, SPV-2568, SPV-2569, SVD-1376 2 Multilocation Hybrid trial 10 CSH-14, CSH-30 SHD-145K & SHD-150K 3 Preliminary variety trial 16 DSV-6 SVD-1409, SVD-1411, SVD-1413, SVD-1414, SVD-1416 3 Station varietal trial-I 16 DSV-6, CSV-23, CSV-15 DKS-1, DKS-35, DKS-59 4 Station varietal trial-II 16 DSV-6, CSV-27 SVD-1246, SVD-1324,SVD-1392, SVD-1393 5 Station hybrid trial-I 15 CSH-14, CSH-30, CSH-25 SHD-159, SHD-162, SHD-164 6. Station hybrid trial-II 15 CSH-14, CSH-30, CSH-25 SPH-1816, SPH-1817, SHD-111, SHD-152 7. Private hybrid trial 9 CSH-14, CSH-16 MJ-4334 (Metahelix) 8 Maintenance of germplasm lines 254 DSV-6 --- 9 Maintenance of advance breeding lies 30 -- --

AICSIP trials:

Sr.no. No. of AICSIP trials allotted No. of AICSIP trials successfully conducted 1 SIX: IVT,IHT,AVT, AHT, IEHT & ISSVT All SIX

Other activities-Student guidance: 1



Participation in National Conference: "Climate Resilient Agriculture for Sustainable Production and Nutritional Security" held at UAS, Dharwad during 1-2 February, 2020.

Publications: Conference abstracts: 2 Popular articles/leaflet - 1

Other points regarding the breeding material Breeding material No. of lines / genotypes

Maintaince of A/ B lines 26 No. of Restorer lines maintained 30 No. of experimental hybrids produced 100 No. of varietal selections advance to Station trials 45

Generation of breeding material during kharif 2019

Sno Generations Number of crosses/ families No of selections/ families 1 F1 15 23 2 F2 10 69 3 F3 18 59 4 F4 50 117 5 F5 36 87 6 F6 45 45

Other Important Points:

a. Field demonstration of promising kharif hybrids ( 11 Nos.) and varieties ( 7 Nos.) for benefit farmers visiting the centre and demonstration block at Krishimela site.

6. HAGARI Priority areas of research identified for the centre

1. Evaluation and development of superior varieties for grain and fodder yield suited to deep and medium soil situations. 2. Collection, conservation and utilization of rabi sorghum genetic resources. 3. Screening and identification of resistant / tolerant sources and cost effective management practices for major pests and

diseases of sorghum. 4. Development of cost effective adoptable agronomic management practices for higher grain and fodder yield. 5. Assessing the adaptability of pre released sorghum genotypes for higher grain yield and fodder yield. 6. Refining the agronomic technology to suit local needs for higher grain yield, fodder yield and monitory returns.

During 2019-20 the total rainfall received (613.4 mm) at the station was more than (12%) than the average rainfall ( 613.4 mm). The actual rainfall received during the crop period (June-Dec) was 216 mm as against the average rainfall of 533.96 mm (June-Dec). However the rainfall was ill distributed with less rains mainly in the months of July and August. There was water stagnation during the later part of crop period, causing stress. The last rainfall received during fortnight of December was 18.2 mm, it results in lodging of the crop and reduction in yield. CMS line : AKMS 14A and AKMS14 B maintained at ARS, Gulbarga through paired backcross method. Trait-specific line development programme Trait 1- Grain and fodder: F2 to F7 generation 102 crosses were evaluated and 495 single plants were selected for grain and fodder

B line development programme Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected

1 F2 8X3X GS-23 XMJP-1-5 3 IC 352606 X MJP-1-5 3 EC-532737 X MJP-1-5 3 206 X MJP-1-5 3 129 X MJP-1-5 3 109 X MJP-1-5 3 207 X MJP-1-5 3 2 F3 GS-23 X IS 428 100 GS-23 X IS 2057 100

3 F4 IS 27036 X DSV-4 X M35-1 4 (PC-6 x M35-1)X DSV-4 X M35-1 2 JP-1-5 (M4) X GS-23 10 JP-1-5 X M35-1 10 Hyb-4 4 M35-1 X DSV-4 2 IS 27036 X GS-23 1 Hyb-11 1 GS-23 X IS 2035 1 IS 27036 x M35-1X GS-23 3 IS 2293 X M35-1 1



Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected PC-6 X 8X3 1 M35-1 X IS15896 X GS-23 6 Myrak X M35-1 1 IS 2841 X GS-23 8 IS 2893 X GS23 2 F5 IS 27036 X DSV-4 XM-35-1 3 IS 27036 X DSV-4 XM-35-1 2 JP-1-5 X IS 27036 3 M35-1X IS15896 3 IS 27036 X JP-1-5 3 Hyb 5 5 DSV-4 X M35-1 3 M35-1 X DSV-4 2 Hyb 1 1 Hyb 2 4 HYb 6 1 Mangalagi x M35-1 1 Tengalli X M35-1 1 Thandur 2 X M35-1 4 Chittapurmaldandi X M35-1 2 Nalwar -6 X M35-1 3 Phule mule X M35-1 3 M35-1 X Phule mule 6 IS 1974 X M35-1 2 CSV-216R X M35-1 3 M35-1 X IS 2293 2 IS 10526 X M35-1 2 M35-1 X hattigudur 2 2 CSH-R X M35-1 1 F6 DSV-4 X M-35-1 9 M-35-1 X DSV-4 3 M35-1 X DSV-4 X M35-1 1 CSV-216R X M-35-1 3 CoS-26R X M-35-1 7 ChittapurMaldandi X M-35-1 6 IS 27036 X JP-1-5 3 JP-1-5 X IS 27036 8 IS 27036 X DSV-4X M-35-1 2 IS 1947 X M-35-1 5 Award X M-35-1 2 M35-1 X Hattigudur-2 5 IS 9856 X E36-1 2 M35-1 X IS 15896 5 IS 27036 X GS-22 5 IS9856 X GRS-1 2 IS 2293 X M35-1 X M35-1 3 M35-1 X IS 2293 2 M35-1 X IS 2293 1 Gola -3 X M35-1 3 Hebbal-2 XM35-1 2 PC-6 x M35-1 4 IS 15896 X M35-1 10 JP-1-5 X M35-1 2 Award X M35-1 2 IS 15896 xGRS-1 X M35-1 8 IS 10520 XM35-1 3 CSH15R XM35-1 2 GS23 X IS 10978 1 GS-23 X IS 20709 1 IS 15896 X M35-1 X M35-1 1 CSH18 R X M35-1 1 GLR-2 X M35-1 3 Hyb 5 1 IS 10576R X M35-1 1 IS 9856 X GRS-1 1 IS 2841 X GS-23 1 F7 M35-1 X DSV-4 3 M35-1 X DSV-4 X M35-1 2 DSV-4 X M35-1 2 ChadchannaMuddijola X M35-1 2



Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected Gundutheni X M-35-1 2 IS 27036 X M-35-1 1 Raddewadagi X M-35-1 1 IS 2293 X M-35-1 2 PhuleChitra X M-35-1 1 Athanur -2 X M35-1 1 M35-1 X Hattigudur-2 2 CSH-15R X M35-1 2 IS 27036 X DSV-4 X M35-1 1 M35-1 XHattigudur-2 2 M35-1 X Sapnaphalli-2 2

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected 1 F2 7 21 2 F3 2 200 3 F4 10 59 4 F5 26 66 5 F6 36 120 6 F7 16 26 Total 102 495

Trait 2 – High Wax content :Three families were selected from one cross


1 F4 Hyb 3 3 Total 1 3

Trait 3 – Early grain Type: A total 6 families were selected from 9 crosses of different generation


F2 GS-23 X IS 16173 1 F3 IS 2293 X M35-1 2 F4 IS 2293 X M35-1 2 IS 15896 X GRS-1 2 F5 IS 15896 X GRS-1 X M35-1 1 IS 9856 X E-36-1 1

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected 1 F2 1 1 2 F3 1 2 3 F4 2 4 F5 2 2 Total 6 9

Trait 4 – Bold seeded type: A total 4 families were selected from 22 crosses of different generation

A. B line development programme Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected

1 F4 8 X 3 X GS-23 10 8 X 3 1 PC-6 X 8 X 3 8 2 F6 8 X 3 X GS-23 3

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected

1 F4 3 19 2 F6 1 3 Total 4 22

Trait 5 – Charcoal rot resistance: To derive charcoal rot tolerant lines 22 families were selected from 7 crosses B line development programme

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected 1 F2 E36-1 X M35-1 1 2 F3 E36-1 X M35-1 4 3 F4 E36-1 X M35-1 8 Hyb 6 1



4 F5 E36-1 X M35-1 3 IS 9856 X E36-1 4 5 F6 E36-1 X M35-1 2

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected 1 F2 1 1 2 F3 1 4 3 F4 2 9 4 F5 2 7 5 F6 1 1 Total 7 22

Trait 7 – Dwarf plants :One cross is evaluated and three families were selected B line development programme

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected 1 F3 GS-23 X IS 20387 4

Total 1 4

Trait 8 – Non Lodging: Mutation breeding work carried out for lines through gamma rays, both Hybridization and gamma irradiation, also treating with gamma rays, ethyl methane sulphonate and sodium azide with combination and selected 564 families from 8 lines for non lodging types.

S. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected M3 (300 GY +1 % SA) PhuleVasundra 25 IS 925 25 M3 (300 GY) PhuleVasundra 120 IS 925 180 M5 TSG-89 20 M35-1(TSG-93) 78 F3: M7 Kranthi X 43 3 M7 BJVV44 + 0.2 EMS 3 New lines TSG587 to 675 110


1 M3( Gamma GY+ SA ! %)

4 50

2 M3( Gamma 300 GY) 2 300 3 M5 2 98 4 F3: M6 1 3 5 M7 1 3 6 New lines 110 110 Total 120 564

Trait 9 – Shootfly resistance ( glossiness and trichome QTL): A total 12 crosses were evaluated and 41 single plant selection carried out.


F2 GS-15-10 X J-2714 5 GS-15-10 X J-2614 5 F3 GRS-1 X J2724 5 GS-15-10 X J2614 1 BCF1 to F2 GS-23 X J-2614X GS-23 1 GS-23 X J-2714 X GS-23 1 GS-23 X J -2799 X GS-23 1 GRS-1 X J-2614 X GRS-1 1 GRS-1 X J-2714 X GRS-1 1 GRS-1 X J -2799 X GRS-1 1 GS-15-10 X J-2614 X GS-15-10 7 GS-15-10 X J-2714 X GS-15-10 1 GS-15-10 X J -2799X GS-15-10 5 BC2 GS-15-10 X J-2714 X GS-15-10 X GS-15-10 2 GS-23XJ-2799XGS-23X GS-23 2 GS-23XJ -2799XGS-23XGS-23 2

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected 1 F2 2 10 2 F3 2 6 3 BCF1 9 19 4 BC23 3 6



Total 12 41 Trait 10 – Post flowering drought tolerance: A total 16 crosses were evaluated 20 single plant selections carried out.


1 F2 GS-23 X K-260 5 GS-23 X K-359 1 GS-15-10 X K-359 1 F3 GRS-1 X K-359 1 GRS-1 X K-260 1 GS-23 X K-260 1 GS-23 X k 2799 1 BCF1 GS-23 X K-260 X GS-23 4

GS-23 X K-359 X GS-23 2 GRS-1 X K-260 X GS-23 XGRS- 1 4 GS-15-10 X K-359 X GS-23 XGRS- 1 1 GS-15-10 X K-260 X GS-15-10 5 GS-15-10 X K-359 X GS-15-10 4 BC2 GRS-1XK-260XGS-23XGRS-1X GRS-1 1 GRS-1 X K-359 X GS-23 XGRS- 1 X GRS-1 1 GRS-1 X J 2714 X GS-23 XGRS- 1 X GRS-1 1

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected 1 F2 3 7 2 F3 4 4 3 BCF1-F2 6 6 4 BC2 3 3 Total 16 20

Trait 11 – High TE- low response to VPD: A total of 19 crosses were evaluated and 53 single plant selections carried out. B line development programme

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected 1 F2 GS-23 X IS 10876 4 GS-23 X IS 10978 4 GS-23 X IS 14556 1 GS-23 X IS 15428 1 GS-23 X IS 16044 4 GS-23 X IS 16173 5 GS-23 X IS 3147 2 GS-23 X IS 31693 9 GS-23 X IS 3583 4 GS-23 X IS 8348 3 2 BCF1-F2 GS-23 X IS 10876 X GS-23 2

GS-23 X IS 15428 X GS-23 2 GS-23 X IS 16044 X GS-23 2 GS-23 X IS 16173 X GS-23 1 GS-23 X IS 3147 X GS-23 3 GS-23 X IS 31693 X GS-23 2 GS-23 X IS 3583 X GS-23 1 GS-23 X IS 8348 X GS-23 1 3 BC2 GS-23 X IS 16044 X GS-23X GS-23 2


1 F2 10 37 2 BCF1 8 14 3 BC2 1 2 Total 19 53

Trait 12 – High water extraction capacity: twenty three crosses were evaluated and 80 single plant selections carried out. B line development programme

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected F2 GS-23 X IS 1127 13 GS-23 X IS 20351 10 GS-23 X IS 20387 5 GS-23X IS 20709 2 GS-23X IS 22040 1 GS-23X IS 2367 8



GS-23XIS 3971 8 GS-23 X IS 5720 3 GS-23X IS 929 6 GS-23X IS 23988 8 1 BCF1-F2 GS-23 X IS 1127 X GS-23 1 GS-23 X IS 20351 X GS-23 1 GS-23 X IS 20387 X GS-23 2 GS-23X IS 20709 X GS-23 3 GS-23X IS 22040 X GS-23 1 GS-23X IS 2367 X GS-23 1 GS-23XIS 3971 X GS-23 1 GS-23 X IS 5720 X GS-23 1 GS-23X IS 929 X GS-23 1 GS-23X IS 23988 X GS-23 3 BC2 GS-23XIS 20351XGS-23X GS-23 1 GS-23XIS 23988XGS-23X GS-23 1 GS-23XIS 1127X GS-23 X GS-23 1


1 F2 10 65 2 BCF1 10 12 3 BC2 3 3 Total 23 80

Trait 13-Stay green trait : Seven crosses were evaluated and 19 single plant selections carried out.

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected 1 F2 GS-23 X SG35 SG 06040 2 GS-23 X SG 35 00608 2 BCF1-F2 GS-23 X SG35 SG 06040 X GS-23 7 GS-23 X SG 35 00608 X GS-23 4 GS-23 X K-271 X GS-23 2 BC2 GS-23XSG35 SG 06040 X GS-23 X GS-23 1 GS-23 X K-271 X GS-23X GS-23 1


1 F2 2 4 2 BCF1-F2 3 13 3 BC2 2 2 Total 7 19 New Crossing programme: High yield and Fodder

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected 1 F1 80 X GS-23 95 X GS-23 94 X GS-23 113 X GS-23 116 X GS-23 120 X GS-23 BMR 65 X GS-23 Kranthi X 43 X Gs-23


1 F1 8 Total 8

Station hybrid/varietal trial Kharif

Varieties/Hybrids excelled over checks during kharif 2019-20 Sl. Name of trial No of entries

tested Checks used Superior Entries

1 Multicut Forage sorghum(IAVHT MC-2019)

118 COFS29 5005,5009,5017,5008,5007 (after ist cut good rejuvenated 5018, 5009, 5010, 5007)

2 STS Multicut Forage sorghum 9 COFS29 HMS-3, HMS-5 3 Sweet Sorghum ( IAVHT SS-2019) 18 - 7004,7015,7003,7010,7001,7002,7005,7018 4 Breeding ( Kharif ) Grain specialty

sorghum (ISSVT-2019) 25 - 321,318,307,302(multicut),309,319(multicut),309,319(multicut),

5 IHT GS 18 Pradhan 3013,3003,3009,3016,3008,3005 6 IVT GS 25 CSV-27 Flowering stage 7 AHT GS 11 Pradhan 1010(sterility),1011, 1005, 1003(mix tall and dwarf),1008,1002,1001



9 AVT GS 14 Pradhan 2009,2003,2005 (mix),2013,2007(partial sterility),2008,2014,2002 10 MLVT Dharwad 12 - MLVT 2 and 9 11 MLHT Dharwad 10 - MLHT1 and 5

Sr.no. No. of AICSIP trials allotted No. of AICSIP trials successfully conducted

1 Kharif 8 + 3 11 Rabi 5+ 7 13

Other activities

Student guidance – 2 Trainings and field days organized- 5 Lines for registration- -- One sorghum local land race Nagar dhundu was under registration at PPFRV /2017/1446

Publications Research Articles- 8

Manual - Prepared the Diploma student manual on DGPB (2+1) Genetics and Plant breeding Participated in Global Research Initiatives for Sustainable Agriculture & Allied Sciences (GRISAAS -2019) October 20 -22, 2019, held at ICAR-NAARM Auditorium, Hyderabad Stability analysis and improved mineral qualities in advanced mutant lines of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) G. Girish , Anjaneya , Ashok Badigannavar, S. Muniswamy , Yogeesh. L. N and S. K. Jayalaxmi , A.M. Talwar, Vikas V. Kulkarni7 and Veerasena Reddy8

1. No. of varietal selections- 80

Award: Won the Excellence in Research Award at (GRISAAS -2019) Other points regarding the breeding material

Other Important Points Attended the private hybrids evaluation at Agriculture Department, Bangalore on 5th and 6th of March 2019 and 27th of 2nd

7. HISAR

February 2020. Handling the Agri diploma course Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Principle and Methods, DGPB-101(2+1) during 2019-20

1. Trait-specific line development programme Trait 1- For multicut type

A. Varietal development programme For forage sorghum multicut trait is very important. Because, multicut genotypes provide more green fodder as well as dry fodder and for longer duration. So keeping this view we are evaluating various crosses in various filial generations to for multicut potential and increased biomass production. S. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected(Advancement of BC pairs made during the year)

1 F1 7 All seed is harvested. 2 F2 9 45 3 F3 2 13 4 F4 3 21 5 F5 5 F4 + 2 BCF4 20 6 Bulking of F6 2 - Total 30 99 Trait 2 – Insect pest resistance

1. Varietal development programme Insect pest incidence is increasing day by day in forage sorghum. Stem borer and shoot fly is major insect affecting forage sorghum fodder and quality. Hisar has been identified as hot spot for stem borer infestation and screening. Only stem borer causes 45% losses in fodder yield of sorghum during kharif and rabi seasons thus is most damaging insect pest of sorghum. List of various crosses under evaluation in various filial generations given below: Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected(Advancement of BC pairs made during the year) 1 F1 4 All seed is harvested. 2 BC1F2 2 16 3 F3 1 9 4 F4 4 24 5 F5 1 8 Total 12 57 Trait 3 –Seed yield

A. Varietal development programme



Seed production for forage crops is a major task. We require genotypes which provide good green fodder and seed yield i.e dual purpose type is in high demand so we have a major focus on dual purpose types also. List of various crosses under evaluation in various filial generations given below: Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected(Advancement of BC pairs made during the year) 1 F1 3 All seed is harvested 2 F2 1 14 3 F3 2 16 4 F4 1 8 5 F5 3 21 6 Bulking of F6 2 - Total 12 59 Trait 4 –Green fodder yield

A. Varietal development programme Livestock is a major component of Indian agriculture. With the increase in livestock population during past few years there is huge gap in demand and supply of green as well as dry fodder, hence forage crops improvement programme needs to be strengthened specially for quality green fodder. List of various crosses under evaluation in various filial generations given below: Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected(Advancement of BC pairs made during the year) 1 F1 4 All seed is harvested. 2 F2 11 80 3 F3 5 22 4 F4 7 34 5 F5 6 23 6 Bulking of F6 3 - Total 36 159 Trait 5- For Quality improvement

A. Varietal development programme In forage sorghum HCN, CP% and IVDMD% are important quality parameters which affect the fodder digestibity. Animal preference is also one factor which cannot be neglected while choosing any crop as fodder. So keeping this view we are evaluating various crosses in various filial generations for quality improvement. S. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected(Advancement of BC pairs made during the year)

1 F1 8 All seed is harvested. 2 F2 1 11 3 F3 3 32 4 F4 1 12 5 F5 2 15 6 Bulking of F6 1 - Total 16 70 2. Station hybrid/varietal trial

S.no. Name of trial No. of entries Checks used Superior entries 1 SC-Hybrid evaluation trial 8 +2 HJ 541 & HC 308 SHH 1513, 94012A x SH 1591 2 MC-Hybrid evaluation trial 16+2 CSH 24MF, SSG 59-3 SHH 1810, SHH 1736, SHH 1713 3 MC-Large Scale Trial 10+2 SSG 59-3, CSV 33MF SSG 59-3, CSV 33MF, 467Ax SSG 59-3 4 MC-Small Scale Trial 8+2 SSG 59-3, CSV 33MF SSG 59-3, CSV 33MF 5 SC-Large Scale Trial 14+2 HJ 541 and HC 308 SH 1591, SH 1514 & SH 1519 6 SC-Small Scale Trial 6+3 HJ 541 and HC 308 SH1719, SH 1720, SH 1603 3. AICSIP trial: Successfully conducted

Sr.no. No. of AICSIP trials allotted 1 IAVHT-MC TRIAL 2019 2 IVHT-SC TRIAL 2019 3 AVHT-SC TRIAL 2019 4 IIHT trial 2019 5 Entomology IAVHT-MC Kh 2019 6 Entomology IVHT-SC Kh 2019 7 Entomology AVHT-SC Kh 2019 8 Entomology IAVHT-SS Kh 2019 9 Entomology AICSIP-SPN Kh 2019 10 Entomology HBM trial 2019 12 Survey for shoot fly, Atherigona soccata and stem borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) at farmers’ field 13 Testing of new molecules for seed treatments for the management of shoot fly. 14 Testing of granular insecticides for stem borer management 15 Response of multi-cut forage sorghum to varied P & K levels 16. Response of pre-released sorghum genotypes (multi-cut) to different fertility levels



17 Response of pre-released sorghum genotypes (single-cut) to different fertility levels 18 Effect of foliar nutrition on yield and quality of single-cut forage sorghum 19 Fertilizer × Genotype interaction of sweet sorghum in rainfed environments IAVHT MC Pathology Trial

Other activities - Student guidance – 6 i. Training organized- Annual Group Meet of Sorghum was organized from 29-31st

ii. Lines for registration-

May, 2019 organized by Forage Section, Deptt. Of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS HAU Hisar at CCS HAU Hisar.

Forage Sorghum Germplasm S 614-13 is registered with NBPGR for high IVDMD% and resistance to Anthracnose with INGR No. 19060 and IC No. 0632083.

HJ 541 (State release variety 2014) proposal for new variety denomination is submitted to PPVFRA, New Delhi and is under progress for registration.

Publications: Research articles: 8 Abstracts: 9

Other points regarding the breeding material Maintaince of A B lines- 21 No. of Restorer lines- 26 No. of experimental hybrids- 21 No. of varietal selections- One genotypes and one hybrid for single cut and one multi-cut hybrid will be

submitted to kharif 2020 trial.

8. INDORE Sowing date was taken up during 24th to 28th June 2019. Germination was good. From 1st July to 7th July total 257.6 mm rain was received within 7 days ( 1st to 7th July) with all days being rainy days. When Crop was at 12-15 days old stage , no rain was received . Total Dry spell of 13-14 days ( 8th July to 21st July). Plant population after thinning : satisfactory. During August ( 1st Aug to 31st Aug) 471.2 mm rain received with 19-20 days rainy days. When Crop was at the time of cob emergence ( 1st sep to 11th sept) a total 156 mm rain received with rainy days. As on 11th Sept crop condition was not good and crop was pale yellow ( due to continuous rains, very humid climate and no sun light). Maximum continuous rains during 1st Sept to 16th

• Fourteen F1s were grown

Sept when crop was 67 to 78 days old ( flag leaf, boot leaf stage and flowering stage). 316 mm rain received within 15 days with 13 rainy days. In the month Sept. nearly every day rainfall was received. Selfing crossing and Pollination was adversely affected leading to poor seed setting . After pollination continuous rain seed were heavily infested by grain mold. Total rainfall during crop season was 1587.1 mm with 68 Rainy days. Due to Continuous rain crop was severely damaged during floral primordial stage, flag leaf & boot leaf stage, Flowering and dough stages . This caused below listed adverse effect - delayed thinning and transplanting, Delayed flowering, poor pollination, Very Poor seed setting, heavy grain mold Highlights: Four genotypes were contributed in Coordinated Trials and tested i.e. two in IVT ( GS) ( IV 19-3 & IV 19-4) and Two in HBM trial( IV 19-1 & IV 19-2) Four station trials i.e. SVT I(20 entries), SVT II(20 entries), SHT I (48 entries) and SHT II(12 entries) were conducted. 58 Indore bred restorers were evaluated for agronomical traits Evaluation of 150 germplasm lins were grown and evaluated DETAIL REPORT Programme name (Grain sorghum- kharif/rabi; forage sorghum/sweet sorghum…)

• Segregating populations handled Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected F3 5/64 F4 6/46 F5 7/27 Total 18/137

R line development programme Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected F3 3/29 F4 6/46 F5 3/14


F5 3/10



MS Conversion programme Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected

(Advancement of BC pairs made during the year) BC1 64 pairs Programme failed due to continuous rain at the time

o flowering

4.Dual purpose varietal developmental programme Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected

F3 4/64 F4 2/19 F5 2/9

Station hybrid/varietal trial Name of trial No. of entries tested Checks used Superior entries

SHT-I 10 CSH18 IMS 15A x I44, 19-2-1-2-2 A xI44, 19-2-1-2-2-A x I 43 SHT II 46 CSH16, CSH18 19-2-1-2-2A x I 30, IMS9A x I44, 40-1-1-1-3-2-20 A x I40, 44-2-4-3-

13 A x I44 SVT I 20 CSV17, CSV27, CSV23,

RVJ 1862 & JJ 1041 Trial vitiated

SVTII 20 CSV17, CSV20, CSV 27, CSV21F, CSV30F JJ1041, JJ 938, RVJ 1862, JJ 141

Trial vitiated

AICSIP trial:

Sr.no. No. of AICSIP trials allotted No. of AICSIP trials successfully conducted 5 All Vitiated

Other activities - Student guidance – 3 Training organized- NIL Publications: 1 Popular Articles- 1 Folder- 2

Other points regarding the breeding material Crosses attempted-13 ( no seed setting) Maintenances of A B lines- 20 MS lines No. of Restorer lines- 56 No. of experimental hybrids- 20

LUDHIANA

Station hybrid/varietal trial Sr.no.

Name of trial No. of entries tested


1 Evaluation of promising varieties/hybrids with better forage yield and quality over the locations

7 PSC 4 (LC) for hybrids & SL 44 and Sugargraze (LC) for varieties

SSG 1933 gave comparative yield to PSC 4(LC) but none of the test hybrids gave better yield than the check hybrid. SCL 1 followed by SCL 2 (single cut varieties) gave significant better yield than both the check varieties.

2 Evaluation of promising hybrids with better forage yield and quality

5 PSC 4 PSC 10

3 Evaluation of Pvt Sector varieties/hybrids for forage yield and quality having resistance to insect pests & diseases

12 PSC 4, SL 44 None

4 Evaluation of sweet sorghum genotypes for biomass yield and quality

6 SL 44 & Sugargraze SCL 4

5 Evaluation of genotypes for salinity tolerance

21 - HC 308, 94012, 2077, SSG 59-3, SCL 1

AICSIP trial:

Sr.no. No. of AICSIP trials allotted No. of AICSIP trials successfully conducted Seven – Three - forage sorghum trials

One - Brown Midrib SC trial One - sweet sorghum trial One - High Biomass trial One - Inter-institutional Hybrid trial

All seven

Other activities Student guidance –

Dr R S Sohu- three Ph D and 3 MSc



Dr Devinder Pal Singh- Two MSc Training organized- Nil Lines for registration- Nil Publications: Research articles: 4 Popular articles: 14 Other points regarding the breeding material

Maintaince of A B lines- 40 No. of Restorer lines - 80 No. of experimental hybrids - 10 hybrids evaluated; No. of varietal selections- Four varieties have been developed including one sweet sorghum Maintenance of germplasm- 100 sorghum & sweet sorghum lines

- 30 lines of segregating material Other Important Points • Experiment on assessment of genetic diversity of shoot fly-resistant sources and transfer QTLs associated

with shoot fly resistance into forage sorghums: It was observed that the traits namely glossy score, leaf sheath pigmentation and trichome density on adaxial surface are important in terms of shoot fly resistance. The genotypes ICSA 467, ICSA 487 and ICSA 14037 were found to be having good specific combining ability and ICSV 93046, ICSV 700, ICSV 25337 and IS 18551 were found to be having good general combining ability. Appropriate hybrid combinations combining favourable traits like fodder yield and shoot fly resistance governing traits were identified which are being utilized for strengthening the breeding program. About eighty F2 populations involving different cross combinations have been derived which will be progressed to next segregating generation form the identification of shoot fly resistant lines with good fodder quality.

• Experiment on study of inheritance and environmental effects on HCN and Lignin content in sorghums: Environmental effect was observed on the HCN content in some genotypes. Sufficient variability was observed for HCN content. The experiment were grown following three environments: (E1) under normal irrigated conditions following RDF; (E2) with additional application of nitrogen before taking cut for fodder; and (E3) under water stress especially by skipping irrigation before cut. For HCN content, under E1 conditions, genotypes i.e SPSS 40, ICSB 94012, ICS 467, ICSB 2077 and ICSV 93018 showed less HCN content than SL44; under E2 conditions, genotypes i.e ICSB 94012, ICS 141,ICSB 94056 and ICS 444 showed less HCN content than SL 44 and under E3 conditions, genotypes i.e ICSB 94012, ICS 20, ICS 85 and ICS 84 recorded less HCN content than SL 44. Over the environments genotype ICSB 94012 showed less HCN content. Similarly for lignin content, under E1 conditions, genotypes i.e ICSB 94031, ICSB 94012, ICS 95, NSS 1006 and ICSV 93018 showed less lignin content than SL 44; under E2 conditions, genotypes i.e ICSB 94002, ICS 70, ICSB 94031, UK 81 and ICS 467 recorded less lignin content than SL 44; and under E3 conditions, genotypes i.e ICSB 94031, UK 81and ICS 467 showed less lignin content than SL44 whereas ICSB 94031 recorded less lignin content over the 3 environments. The inheritance of HCN and lignin content was performed on ten cross combinations. The crosses involving two parents i.e. P1 and P2 were attempted. Ten F1 plants of all the crosses were found to have intermediate HCN or lignin content. The F2 population of all the crosses segregated in 3:1 ratio indicating that the single dominant gene control of HCN or lignin content. The ᵡ2

• Seed prod. of PSC 1 & PSC 4 hybrids released by PAU along with their parental lines; and single cut variety SL 44.

ratio further fit well into 3:1 which confirmed the single dominant gene control of both the anti quality traits. It was concluded that the inheritance of HCN and lignin content is controlled by a single major gene. There were no maternal effects and F1 generally observed to be intermediate between two parents for HCN and lignin content indicated that neither high nor low HCN and lignin was completely dominant

9. NANDYAL Programme name (Grain sorghum- kharif/rabi; forage sorghum/sweet sorghum…) 4. R line development programme

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated Single plants selected 1. F4 02 10 2. F6 02 8 Total 04 18 5. B line development programme

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated Single plants selected 1. F6 01 Nil Total 01 Nil

Station hybrid/varietal trial • During 2019-20, 36 F1 experimental hybrids were evaluated for their earliness and tolerance to stem borer and shoot

fly. Newly 28 crosses were affected for the development of hybrids using 7 CMS lines and 4 Restorer lines during rabi 2019-20 and these experimental hybrids will be evaluated during rabi 2020-21.

• CMS lines : AKMS 14, ICSA 38, A-101, A-285, A 367, A-450, A-460 • Restorer lines: RMHPT-4, RMHPT-18, R-36 and R -3777.



• 4 varietal crosses and 2 crosses related to fodder development in sorghum were taken up during rabi 2019-20. Experimental Hybrids evaluated during rabi 2019-20:

S.No. Cross Combination S.No. Cross Combination 1 AKMS 14 x R-64 20 A 415 x R-64 2 X R-98 21 X R-98 3 X AKR 150 22 X AKR 150 4 X R—172 23 X R—172 5 X R-196 24 X R-196 6 X PVK 801 25 X PVK 801 7 X R 91014 26 X R 91014 8 ICSA 38 x R-98 27 A 418 x R-64 9 X R—172 28 X R-98 10 X AKR 150 29 X R-196 11 X R-196 30 A 285 X R-64 12 X R 91014 31 X R-98 13 A 101 x R-64 32 X AKR 150 14 X R-98 33 X R—172 15 X AKR 150 34 X R-196 16 X R—172 35 X PVK 801 17 X R-196 36 X R 91014 18 X PVK 801 19 X R 91014

Varietal Crosses:

Cross Objective NTJ 5 x CSV 26R High yielding, non lodging, stem borer, shoot fly, charcoal rot and drought tolerance NTJ 5 x CSV 24SS High yielding, Non lodging, dual purpose with shoot fly, stem borer and blight tolerance. N 15 x CSV 26R High yielding, drought tolerant, stem borer, shoot fly, charcoal rot tolerance N 15 x CSV 24SS High yielding, dual purpose, shoot fly, stem borer tolerance. Fodder Crosses:

S No Cross Objective 1 CSV 33MF x SSG 59-3 High fodder yield with tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses such as leaf blight,

charcoal rot and drought tolerance. 2 PC 6 x CSV 23

Breeding Material: Sr.no. Generation Number of crosses evaluated Single plants Selected 1. F1 6 6 2. F1 (Fodder crosses) 4 4 3. F4 13 107 4. F6 8 19

Sr.no. Name of station trial No. of entries Checks used Superior entries 1. Observation Yield trial 7 NTJ-5, M 35-1 Data collection on grain yield

and fodder yield and analysis is in progress.

2. Advanced Yield Trail 5 NTJ-2, NTJ-5, M 35-1, CSV 22 R and CSV 29 R

3. Multilocation Trial 6 NTJ-5, NTJ-2 4. Observation Hybrid Trial 36 CSH 13R and CSH 15 R • Among the research activities, maintenance of white, yellow, fodder and sweet sorghum germplasm, their

characterization, Evaluation and their utilization in breeding programmes is also taken up. • Maintenance of A, B and R lines for their further usage in the development of hybrids is going on.

AICSIP trial: Sr.no. No. of AICSIP trials allotted No. of AICSIP trials successfully conducted 1. Kharif 2019 – 3 trials were allotted 3 2. Rabi 2019-20 – 5 trials were allotted 5

Other activities

Student guidance – 01 (Smt. S. ISha Parveen, Scientist (GPBR), Millets Non-Plan acting as member for M.Sc.(Ag) student of Agricultural College, Mahanandi, ANGRAU). Training organized- Nil Lines for registration- 02 (NTJ-5 – white sorghum and N-15- Yellow sorghum) Publications: Research articles- Nil

Popular articles- 4 Folders- 2

Other points regarding the breeding material



Maintaince of A B lines- 276 No. of Restorer lines- 118 White sorghum germplasm – 330 Yellow sorghum germplasm – 100 Sweet sorghum germplasm – 20 No. of experimental hybrids- 40

Other Important Points: Along with these research activities carried out at RARS, Nandyal seed production activities of all the sorghum varieties released at RARS, Nandyal is also being carried out at RARS farm and also on outsourcing basis in farmers fields. 10. PALEM Programme name (Grain sorghum- kharif) R line development programme

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected 1 F6 6 16 2 F5 4 12 3 F4 5 29 4 F3 4 13 Total 19 70

Trait-specific line development programme Trait 1- Grain mold-R line development programme

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected 1 F6 5 18 2 F5 3 15 3 F4 3 12 Total 11 45 Trait 2 – Shootfly - R line development programme

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected 1 F6 3 9 2 F5 4 6 3 F3 2 8 Total 9 23 Trait 3 – Dual purpose - R line development programme

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected 1 F7 6 21 2 F6 7 19 Total 13 40

Station hybrid/varietal trial Sr.no Name of trial No. of entries Checks used Superior entries

1 AHT 15 CSV 31, PSV 56 PSV 320, PSV 303 2 AVT 17 CSV 31, PSV 56 PSV 421, PSV 412 3 PVT/IVT 25 CSV 31, PSV 56 PSV 2001,PSV 6002,PSV6007 4 OVT 20 CSV 31, PSV 56 12

AICSIP trial: Sr.no. No. of AICSIP trials allotted No. of AICSIP trials successfully conducted

1 6 (Breeding) 6 2 14 (Entomology) 14

Other activities Student guidance – 1 Trainings organized- 5 Lines for registration- SPV 2438 (PSV 316)- Identified in in IGIC meeting held at IIMR, Hyd on 2.8.2019 and recommended for registration with NBPGR. Publications: Research articles: 3 Popular articles: 5 Other points regarding the breeding material Maintaince of A B lines- 16 No. of Restorer lines- 23 No. of experimental hybrids- No. of varietal selections- 34 Other Important Points Success Story: Many a time, tribal farmers are deprived of the advancements in agriculture either due to illiteracy or lack of access to improved varieties/new technologies and practices. To enhance income levels of farmers from selected tandas through adoption of cultivation practices, enable improved access to new seed varieties, inputs and services that faster technology penetration , improve productivity, introduction of post harvest technologies and providing market linkages to strengthen sustainable agriculture based livelihoods by Tribal Sub Plan. Endeavour for this included :

Popularization of sorghum varieties CSV 15, CSV 23, PSV 56 and CSV 31 Field demonstrations and field day to the entire tribal farming community of selected villages Sensitizing the farming community about the health benefits of millets Community group meetings for creating awareness among tribal farmers Promotion of mechanization with emphasis on thresher for threshing spikes



During 2014-15 Improved practice (CSV 15, CSV 23, PSV 56 and CSV 31, seed treatment with thiomethaxam 3g/kg seed proved better control of shootfly than untreated seed, application of herbicide and intercultivation) Farmers realized higher grain yield (12.8 q/ha) and net returns (Rs. 13,220 /ha) from CSV23 than the yield (7.5 q/ha) and net returns (Rs. 7,500 /ha) from local variety. Farmers realized higher B:C ratio (1.5) from CSV15 than B:C ratio (1.3) with the local variety. Sorghum thresher is used for threshing sorghum at a faster rate than the manual method. 11. PANTNAGAR Forage Sorghum improvement program R line development programme: Within as well as between progenies selection was practiced in various generations as per following details for development of restorers (R line) for multicut hybrid development, open pollinated varieties of single cut and multicut types and donors for various traits of economic importance in forage sorghum.

Sl. No.

Generation No. of crosses attempted / single plant progenies (SPPs) evaluated

No. of families (crosses)/ single plants selections (SPSs)/ single plant progenies (SPPs) selected

1 F1 Attempted 18 crosses Will be planted in Kharif 2020 Evaluated 32 crosses 21 crosses

2 F2 2 crosses/495 plants (Approx.) 2 crosses /59 SPSs 3 F3 2 crosses /42 SPPs 2 crosses /46 SPSs from 18 SPPs 4 F4 8 crosses /116 SPPs 5 crosses /36 SPSs from 17 SPPs 5 F5 20 crosses/441 SPPs 17 crosses /644 SPSs from 233 SPPs 6 F6 21 crosses/608 progeny bulks 16 crosses /448 progeny bulks 7 F7 7 crosses/107 progeny bulks 7 crosses /44 progeny bulks 8 Screening plots

(F7 onwards) 26 crosses/157 progeny bulks 20 crosses /60 progeny bulks

Total 136 crosses/599 single plant progenies (SPPs) and 872 progeny bulks

90 Crosses/785 SPSs from 268 SPPs and 552 Bulk progenies

B line development/improvement programme: Sl. o. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families (SPPs)/single plants selected (SPSs) F1 - - F5 10 crosses/162 SPPs 10 crosses /420 SPSs from 149 SPPs Total 10 10 crosses /420 SPSs from 149 SPPs

MS Conversion programme Not in progress Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected (Advancement of BC

pairs made during the year) 1. F1 18 crosses Will be planted in Kharif 2020

Trait-specific line development programme Trait 1- Foliar Disease Resistance R line/ donor development programme: Selection was practiced as per following details for resistant to various foliar diseases (anthracnose, zonate leaf spot and leaf blight etc.). Resistant plants at flowering stage as well as at maturity stage for less expression of diseases on leaves and green at maturity expression, for their use as restorers as well as donors.

S. No. Generation No. of crosses/progenies evaluated No. of families (crosses)/single plants/progenies selected 1 F1 Attempted 4 crosses Will be planted in Kharif 2020

Evaluated 10 crosses 9 crosses 2 F2 - - 3 F3 2 cross/42 SPPs 2 cross/18 SPSs of 6 SPPs 4 F4 2 cross/34 SPPs 1 crosses/3 SPSs of 1 SPPs 5 F5 13 crosses/363 SPPs 11 crosses/535 SPSs of 192 SPPs 6 F6 7 crosses/181 progeny bulks 5 crosses/9 progeny bulks 7 F7 3 crosses/71 progeny bulks 3 crosses/33 progeny bulks 8 Advanced generations (F7 onwards) 9 crosses/55 progeny bulks 9 crosses/27 progeny bulks Total 50 crosses/439 single plant progenies and 307

progeny bulks 40 crosses/556 SPSs of 199 SPPs and 69 progeny bulks

Trait 2 – Brown Mid-Rib - R line/ donor development programme: Selection was practiced for individual plants as well as bulk progenies showing brown mid rib at flowering and brown stem with brown pith at maturity along with tan, early to medium, tall, juicy plants with less foliar diseases and red/white seed. Each progeny bulk will be evaluated for fodder quality trait viz. digestibility, protein per cent and fiber content for validation before use as donors. Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses/progenies evaluated No. of families (crosses)/single plants/progenies selected

1 F1 Attempted 1 crosses Will be planted in Kharif 2020 2 F7 1 crosses/14 progeny bulks 1 crosses/3 progeny bulks 3 Advanced generations

(F7 onwards) 6 crosses/41 progeny bulks 6 crosses/21 progeny bulks

Total 8 crosses/ 55 progeny bulks 7 crosses/ 24 progeny bulks



Trait 3 – Sweetness and Juiciness of stem - R line and donor development programme: Individual plants as well as bulk selections were made for juicy and sweet stemmed (TSS at maturity more than 15%), tall and leafy plants with foliar disease resistance to be used as donors for sweetness/ juiciness and single cut varieties.

Sl. No.

Generation No. of crosses/progenies evaluated No. of families (crosses)/single plants/progenies selected


2 F2 1 crosses/272 plants (approx) 1 cross/33 SPSs 3 F3 2 cross/42 SPPs 2 cross/46 SPSs of 18 SPPs 4 F4 1 cross/21 SPPs 1 crosses/16 SPSs of 8 SPPs 5 F5 2 crosses/65 SPPs 2 crosses/85SPSs of 29 SPPs 5 F6 4 crosses/47 progeny bulks 4 crosses/14 progeny bulks 6 F7 1 crosses/14 progeny bulks 1 crosses/6 progeny bulks 7 Advanced generations (F7 onwards) 4 crosses/18 progeny bulks 2 crosses/14 progeny bulks Total 20 crosses/128 SPPs and 79 progeny bulks 15 crosses/180 SPSs of 55 SPPs and 34 progeny bulks Trait 4 – Multicut type (tillering and fast regeneration), juiciness with good seed yield R line and varietal development programme: Individual plants as well as bulk selections were made for juicy, tall, early, high tillering type plants with foliar disease resistance, to be used as restorers in multicut hybrid development programme as well as open pollinated multicut varieties.

Sl. No.

Generation No. of crosses/progenies/ single plants evaluated

No. of families (crosses)/single plants/progenies selected


2 F2 2 crosses/528 plants (approx) 2 crosses/59SPSs 3 F3 2 cross/42 SPPs 2 cross/6 SPSs of 2 SPPs 4 F4 4 crosses/50 SPP s 3 crosses/10 SPSs of 5 SPPs 5 F5 9 crosses/152 SPPs 6 crosses/190 SPSs of 70 SPPs 5 F6 10 crosses/375 progeny bulks 8 crosses/29 progeny bulks 6 F7 2 crosses/21 progeny bulks 2 crosses/8 progeny bulks 7 Advanced generations

(F7 onwards) 9 cross/47 progeny bulk 9 cross/20 progeny bulk

Total 56 crosses/244 SPPs and 396 progeny bulks 42 crosses/265 SPSs of 77 SPPs and 57 progeny bulk Trait 5 – Single cut fodder /dual purpose R line and varietal development programme: Individual plants as well as bulk selections were made for juicy, tall, leafy, early to medium flowering plants with foliar disease resistance and good seed yield, to be used as open pollinated single cut/dual purpose varieties of forage sorghum as well as restorers for development of single cut hybrids.

Sl. No.

Generation No. of crosses/progenies/ single plants evaluated

No. of families (crosses)/single plants/progenies selected

1 F1 Attempted 6 crosses Will be planted in Kharif 2020 Evaluated 9 cross 9 crosses

2 F2 - - 3 F3 2 cross/42 SPPs 2 cross/40 SPSs of 16 SPPs 4 F4 4 crosses/66 SPPs 3 crosses/26 SPSs of 12 SPPs 5 F5 15 crosses/392 SPPs 15 crosses/617SPSs of 228 SPPs 6 F6 13 crosses/241 progeny bulks 9 crosses/19 progeny bulks 7 F7 7 crosses/107 progeny bulks 6 crosses/45 progeny bulks 8 Advanced generations

(F7 onwards) 19 cross/74 progeny bulks 14 crosses/50 progeny bulks

Total 75 crosses/500 SPPs and 181 progeny bulks 58 crosses/127 SPSs of 256 SPPs and 114 progeny bulk

Station hybrid/varietal trial i. Station Trials: Two station trials on multicut and single cut forage sorghum as per following details were conducted

to identify the promising elite lines for their testing in State varietal trials as well as All India Coordinated Trials. Sl. No.

Name/ title of trial

No. of entries tested

Checks used Superior entries (% superiority over best check)

1 Station varietal and hybrid trial (multicut)

14 hybrids and 23

varieties

CSH 20 MF, CSH 24 MF (Hybrid checks), CSV 33MF, SSG 59-3, SGL 87, Pant Chari 8 (Varietal check)

ICSA 469 × Pant Chari 9 (12.94% & 2.67% for GFY & DFY), A2N 192 × Pant Chari 6 (9.41% & 4.44% for GFY& DFY) over best check CSH 20 MF and 18K 1725-3 (4.44% & 1.91% for GFY & DFY), over best check CSV 33MF.

2 Station varietal trial (single cut)

8 hybrid and 17 varieties

CSH 40F (Hybrid check and CSV 21F, CSV 35F (Varietal check)

ICSA 276 × Pant Chari 5 (18.60 % & 19.52% for GFY & DFY), A2N190 × Pant Chari 5 (14.73 % & 11.12% for GFY & DFY), ICSA 465 × Pant Chari 5 (5.43 % & 12.53% for GFY & DFY) over best check CSH 40F and 18K 1754-1(26.32 & 43.70% for GFY & DFY), 18K 1735-2 (14.04% & 16.24% for GFY& DFY), 18K 1735-3(13.16% & 22.65 % for GFY& DFY), 18K 1739-1(16.67% & 23.44% for GFY& DFY), 18K 1749 (Bulk)(18.42% & 26.97% for GFY& DFY), 18K 1735-1(12.28% & 28.99% for GFY& DFY), 18K 1650-3(15.79 % & 18.10% for GFY& DFY) over best check CSV 21F



II. State Trial: Two State Varietal Trials (SVT) on single cut and multicut forage sorghum, as per following details, were conducted to identify the promising varieties for their release in the State through Uttarakhand SVRC. Sl. No.

Name of trial No. of entries tested Checks used Superior/best entries (Coded numbers)

1 SVT-Single cut (Single cut varieties)

9 CSV 21 F, CSV 30F Data was submitted timely to RADTS, Haldwani and result awaited

2 SVT-Multicut (Multicut varieties)

9 Pant Chari 6 & SSG 59-3

Data was submitted timely to RADTS, Haldwani and result awaited

AICSIP trials: Sl. No. Name of AICSIP trials allotted

Number of entries/

replications No. of AICSIP trials successfully

conducted 1 Single cut Advanced Varietal/Hybrid Trial (Forage sorghum), (Trial 1) 16/3 All the five (5) AICSIP Trials were

conducted successfully and data was submitted timely

2 Single cut Initial Varietal/Hybrid Trial (Forage sorghum), (Trial 2) 22/3 3 Multicut Initial/Advanced Varietal/Hybrid Trial (Forage sorghum), (Trial 3) 18/3 4 Brown Midrib Trial 10/3 5 High Biomass Sorghums Trial (HBM) 09/3

Other activities - Student guidance: Two Ph. D. and two M. Sc. students of Genetics & Plant Breeding pursued their thesis research work on sorghum breeding during Kharif 2017-18 as per following details.

Training organized- Nil Lines of registration- Publications: Research Papers: Nil Popular Articles- Book- Nil Other points regarding the breeding material Maintaince of A/ B lines- 21 pairs No. of restorer lines for multicut hybrid development 9 lines with high tillering, earliness and good pollen production ability No. of lines to be used as donors for various traits (i) 6 lines with stable brown midrib expression for use in crossing/ hybridization programme (ii) 2 lines with high sweetness and juiciness of stem for use in crossing/ hybridization programme (iii) 9 lines with high resistance to foliar diseases/stay at maturity expression for use in crossing/hybridization programme No. of experimental hybrids under test in AICSIP Trials- 2 multicut, 5 single cut No. of varieties under test in AICSIP Trials- 2 multicut, 1 single cut, and 1 special type sorghum No. of varietal selections- 11 elite lines of multicut and single cut types were identified for multi-location testing for yield and quality Wani sorghum selections- Nil Other Important Points: Nil 12. PARBHANI At Sorghum Research Station, Parbhani total 11 AICSIP and 04 station trials in addition to these two Physiology and one State level trial were also conducted successfully during kharif 2019. Whereas, during rabi 2019-20, 04 AICSIP and 02 station trials are under evaluation. Two state level and two sorghum Physiology trials are also allotted to this research station and are under field evaluation. 07 kharif and 12 rabi entries developed by this research station were contributed and evaluated in different AICSIP and state level trials. Information regarding development, evaluation, selection and allied activities of breeding material is given as per the format under different headings. R line development programme Sr. No. Generation No. of progenies evaluated No. of families/singles plant selected 1 F1 08 Selection is in progress 2 F2 04 Selection is in progress 3 F3 30 SPS Selection is in progress 4 F4 32 SPS Selection is in progress 5 F5 15 SPS Selection is in progress 6 F6 13 Families Selection is in progress 7 F7 04 Families Selection is in progress 8 F8 03 Families Selection is in progress B line development programme Sr. No. Generation No. of progenies evaluated No. of families/singles plant selected 1 F1 02 Selection is in progress 2 F2 05 F1s Selection is in progress 3 F3 08 SPS Selection is in progress 4 F4 10 (02) SPS Selection is in progress 5 F5 25 (05)SPS Selection is in progress 6 F6 08 (03) Families Selection is in progress 7 F7 12 (04) Families Selection is in progress Trait specific lines development Programme:

I) Grain mold Sr. No. Generation No. of progenies evaluated No. of families/singles plant selected



1 F1 03 Selection is in progress 2 F2 03 F1s Selection is in progress 3 F3 35 SPS Selection is in progress 4 F5 36 (08) SPS Selection is in progress 5 F6 11 (05) Families Selection is in progress 6 F7 06 (03) Families Selection is in progress

II) Shoot fly Sr. No. Generation No. of progenies evaluated No. of families/singles plant selected 1 F1 02 Selection is in progress 2 F2 04 F1s Selection is in progress 3 F3 19 SPS Selection is in progress 4 F5 21 (05) SPS Selection is in progress 5 F6 05 (02) Families Selection is in progress 6 F7 05 (02) Families Selection is in progress CMS Conversion Programme Sr. No. Generation No. of progenies evaluated No. of families/singles plant selected 1 BC-III 03 03

Station hybrid/Varietal trial Sr. No. Name of trial No. of entries tested Checks used Superior entries 1 Preliminary Hybrid Trial-I 42 03 (SPH 1641, CSH 25, CSH 30) PHT 19-16, 17, 18, 22, 32, 34, 36, 39 2 Preliminary Hybrid Trial-II 59 03 (SPH 1641, CSH 25, CSH 30) PHT II 19- 22, 23, 24, 32, 55 3 Preliminary Varietal Trial 21 02 (PVK 801, PVK 801, CSV 27,) PVT 19- 08, 10, 13, 14, 17 4 Preliminary Varietal Trial (SC) 09 03 (CSV 21F, CSV 30F, CSV 40F,) PVT SC-1,3,6 AICSIP trial Sr. No. Name of trial No. of entries tested Checks used Superior entries 1 AHT (GS) 10 01 RI:1002,1005,1003,1001,1010

RII: 1054,1060,1057,1061,1058,1056,1055 RIII: 1102,1101,1106,1003

2 AVT (GS) 13 01 RI:2005,2002,2014,2010,2011,2009,2003,2013,2018,2006,2007,2004,2012 RII:2062,2061,2052,2057,2055,2058,2054,2059,2051,2064,2063 RIII: 2110,2111,2102,2114,2106,2105,2109

3 IHT (GS) 17 01 RI: 3001,3004,3015,3012,3010,3016,3004 RII:3055,3065,3058,3061,3067,3064,3068 RIII:3108,3110,3102,3115,3103,3118,3104,3116,3111,3117

4 IVT (GS) 24 01 RI:4003,4010,4004,4025,4009,4017,4016,4021,4006,4007 RII: 4060,4068,4065,4056,4074,4054,4057 RIII:4103,4107,4124,4115,4101,4123,4112,4125, 4113,4107,4116,4111,4108,4102

5 AVHT-SC 15 01 RI:6005,6008,6015,6010,6004,6013,6014,6001,6009 RII:6063,6065,6053,6066,66064,6076 RIII: 6107

6 IVHT-SC

21 01 RI: 7004, 7007, 7010, 7009, 7012, 7003 RII: 7054, 7052, 7069, 7058 RI: 7108, 7106, 7107, 7105

7 IAVHT-SS RI: 009,7012,7015,7016,7018,7005,7017,7010 RII: 7066,7064,7053,7058,7051,7068,7063

8 HBM 09 -- RI: 9006,9001,9005,9004 RII: 9053,9055,9052,9056 RIII: 9108,9107,9102,9104,9103,9107,9101

9 Brown Mid Rib Trial 10 -- 10 Specialty Sorghum

(ISSVT) 25 RI:321,303,316,318,301,311,317,322,319,313,

312,302 RII: 367,364,359,362,373,366,357,360,369,375 RIII:412,408,404,401,406,402,422,423,420,407,424,415

11 Hybrid Evaluation Programme

12 --

Other activities i. Student guidance: 03 ii. Training organized: NIL Publications: Popular articles: 08 Books: -- Folders: --04 Other points regarding the breeding material

Maintenance of A B lines: Kharif: 14 Rabi: 11 No. of Restore lines: Kharif: 25 Rabi: 20 No. of experimental hybrids: Kharif: In Progress Rabi: In Progress



13. SURAT Programme name: Kharif Grain Sorghum variety development Programme Trait-specific line development programme Trait 1- High yielding grain sorghum kharif variety

A. Variety development programme: Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected

1 F6 & further generation 18 3/19 2 F5 generation 18 0/18 3 F4 generation High yielding double cross from

IIMR

108 0/41

B. Germplasm collection, evaluation and maintenance programme Total 272 were evaluated and maintained. From 30+50 IIMR germplasm, five lines were bulked and 56 (30+26) lines were maintained.

Trait 2- High yielding with good quality grain sorghum kharif variety A. Variety development programme:

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected 1 F5 & further 13 9/7 2 F2 Generation-Station programme 6 132 3 F1 Generation-Station programme 25 --

Trait 3- High yielding bio-fortified grain sorghum kharif variety

A. Germplasm collection, evaluation and maintenance programme Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected

1 Bio-fortified Lines from ICRISAT 13 10 Trait 4- High yielding and grain mold resistant grain sorghum kharif variety

A. Variety development programme: : ---- Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/ single plant selected

1 Grain mold tolerant lines from ICRISAT 6 4

Trait 5- High yielding and shoofly resistant grain sorghum kharif variety A. Variety development programme: : ----

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/ single plant selected 1 Shoofly tolerant lines from ICRISAT 10 8

Programme name: Fodder Sorghum variety development Programme

Trait 1 – High yielding variety development programme-Single cut B. Variety development programme: : ----

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/ single plant selected 1 F5 Single-cut fodder sorghum 48 9/29 2 Single-cut fodder sorghum-ICRISAT 31 11/0 3 F2 Generation-Station programme 3 0/21 4 F1 Generation-Station programme 19 --

C. Germplasm collection, evaluation and maintenance programme Total 92 lines were evaluated and 64 lines maintained. Trait 2 – High yielding variety development programme-Multi-cut

D. Variety development programme: : Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/ single plant selected

1 F5 (Received from IIMR) 60 0/54

E. Germplasm collection, evaluation and maintenance programme Programme name: Sweet Sorghum Programme

E. Germplasm collection, evaluation and maintenance programme Total 20 were evaluated and 15 were maintained.

Rabi and Hurda 2018-19 Trait-specific line development programme

Trait 1- High yielding rabi grain sorghum variety A. Variety development programme

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/ single plant selected 1 F4 From IIMR 69 0/51 2 F5 Magic population from ICRISAT 43 2/20 3 F5 Generation-Station programme 12 0/18 4 F6 Generation-Station programme 41 5/25

B. Germplasm collection, evaluation and maintenance programme



Total 132 (102 old+29 new) lines is continuing. Evaluation of seven ICRISAT yellow pericarp lines is continuing.

Trait 2- High yielding with better grain quality rabi variety A. Variety development programme

Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/ single plant selected 1 F5 Generation-Station programme 57 12/12 2 F6 Generation-Station programme 63 4/21 3 F4 Generation- IPS from Nizer Goti & BP-53 49 0/21

Trait 3- Development of Hurdda type sorghum variety

A. Variety development programme Sl. No. Generation No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/ single plant selected

1 F5 Hurdda type sorghum 112 15/31 B. Germplasm collection, evaluation and maintenance programme

From 10 IPS and two new collection, seven is maintained. Summary of Breeding Programme

1. Variety development programme- Grain Sorghum Sr Generation

No. of crosses

evaluated/ Made No. of families/single

plant selected Purpose

Kharif -2019 Grain Sorghum 1 F6 & further- ICRISAT

18 3/19 From African-ICRISAT

High Yielding kharif grain sorghum Variety 2 F5 & further generation

13 9/7 Kharif high yield & Quality-GS

(From Rabi Programme) 3 F5 Generation 18 0/18 High yield (IPS from old entry) 4 F4 Generation -IIMR 108 0/41 High yielding double cross from IIMR 5 GM lines-ICRISAT lines 6 4 High yield + GM resistance 6 SF lines-ICRISAT lines 10 8 High yield + SF resistance 7 Bio-fortified-ICRISAT 13 10 High yield + Quality 8 F2 Generation 6 132 High yield + Quality 9 F1 Generation (15+6+4) 25 --- Grain Sorghum (PG & Station ) 10 Crossing programme-Summer-2020

(With hand emasculation) To develop high yielding with better quality & midge resistance genotypes.

2. Germplasm maintenance and evaluation - Grain Sorghum Total 272 were evaluated and maintained. From 30+50 IIMR germplasm, five lines were bulked and 56 (30+26) lines were maintained.

3. Variety development programme- Fodder Sorghum-Summer 2019

Sl. No.

Generation

No. of crosses evaluated/ Made

No. of families/single plant selected

Purpose

Fodder sorghum 1 F5 Generation

(From IIMR) 60 54 To develop multi-cut fodder variety

2 F5 Generation (IPS from old entries)

48 9/29 To develop single-cut fodder variety

3 Fodder Sorghum ICRISAT lines 31 11 bulked To develop single-cut fodder variety 4 F2 Generation 3 0/21 High yield + Quality 5 F1 Generation (15+4) 19 --- Fodder Sorghum (PG & Station ) 6 Crossing programme-Summer-2020

(With hand emasculation) To develop high yielding single cut & multicut genotypes.

4. Germplasm maintenance and evaluation - Fodder Sorghum Total 92 lines were evaluated and maintained 64 lines.

5. Sweet Sorghum Programme: Germplasm collection, evaluation and maintenance Total 20 were evaluated ant 15 were maintained

6. Variety development programme- Rabi Sorghum Rabi & Hurda 2018-19

Sl. No.

Generation



Purpose

1 F6 Generation

41 5/25 Rabi high yielding genotype 63 4/21 Rabi genotype with grain quality

2 F5 Generation

12 0/18 Rabi genotype-High yield 57 12/12 For grain quality as like Nizer Goti

112 15/31 To develop Hurdda Variety 3 F5 Generation

ICRISAT 43 2/20 Magic population from ICRISAT



4 F4 Generation

49 0/21 Higher grain yield with better quality ( From Nizer Goti & BP-53)

5 F4 Generation IIMR

69 0/51 High yielding Rabi genotype (From IIMR)

Rabi & Hurda 2019-20

Sl. No.

Generation



Purpose

1 F6 & further Generation 25 Cont Rabi high yielding genotype 21 Cont Rabi genotype with grain quality

2 F6 Generation

18 Cont Rabi genotype-High yield 12 Cont For grain quality as like Nizer Goti

31 Cont To develop Hurdda Variety 3 F6 Generation

ICRISAT 20 Cont Magic population from ICRISAT

4 F5 Generation 21 Cont Higher grain yield with better quality ( From Nizer Goti & BP-53)

5 F5 Generation IIMR

51 Cont High yielding Rabi genotype (From IIMR)

6 Crossing programme-Summer-2020 (With hand emasculation)

To develop high yielding Rabi sorghum genotypes.

7. Germplasm collection, evaluation and maintenance programme-Rabi sorghum Evaluation of total 132 lines including existing 102 and new collection 29 lines is continuing and Evaluation of seven ICRISAT yellow pericarp lines is continuing.

8. Germplasm collection, evaluation and maintenance programme-Hudda Sorghum From 10 IPS and two new collections, seven is maintained.

Station hybrid/varietal trial Kharif-2019 Sr.No. Name of trial No. of entries

tested Checks used Superior entries

1 Large Scale Varietal Trial on Grain & Dual sorghum 11+3 GJ-43, GNJ-1 CSV-20 (NC)

SR-2980, SR-2957, SR-3019

2 Small Scale Varietal Trial on Grain & Dual Sorghum 12+3 GJ-43, GNJ-1 CSV-20 (NC)

SR-3048, SR-3049,SR-3040,

DS-184 4 Preliminary Evaluation Trial on Grain & Dual Sorghum 12+3 GJ-43, GNJ-1

CSV-20 (NC) SR-3055, SR-3051

SR-3052, SR-3059, SR-3061, 3056

4 Large Scale Varietal Trial on Forage Sorghum (Single Cut) 9+3 GFS-6, GAFS-12, CSV-21F(NC)

SRF-332, DFS-168

5 Small Scale Varietal Trial on Forage Sorghum (Single Cut) 9+3 GFS-6, GAFS-12, CSV-21F(NC)

SRF-400, SRF-404, DFS-187, DFS-192

6 Preliminary Evaluation Trial on Forage Sorghum (Single Cut) 9+3 GFS-6, GAFS-12, CSV-21F(NC)

SRF-405, SRF-406, SRF-407, SRF-408, SRF-411, SRF-412

7 HP Elite Hybrids Trial [HPEHT]

30+4 GNJ-1 CSH-41 CSH-25 CSH-14

ICSA101 X ICSR101 ICSA19 X ICSR14001 ICSA243 X ICSR14001 ICSA590 X ICSR14001

ICSA29008 X ICSR14001 AICSIP trial: 2019-20

Sr.no. No. of AICSIP trials allotted No. of AICSIP trials successfully conducted Name of Experiment Surat (k) Mangrol(k) Tanchha(R)

1 Grain sorghum 4 2 2 8 2 Forage sorghum 4 0 0 4 3 Sweet sorghum 1 0 0 1 4 High Biomass Trial 1 0 0 1 Total (14) 10 2 2 14 100%)

Other activities Student guidance – 7 M. Sc. Gold medal received by PG student PG student Mr. Senthil Kumar V. (student of B.K.Davda, Research Scientist (Sorghum)) was Awarded for ISPB Dr. P. Veerabadhiran Gold Medal for Best Masters thesis in Sorghum at TNAU, Coimbature (Tamilnadu) in the year 2019. Training organized-

Organized farmers training/Sibir/Farmers day- 5 Seminar/Workshop/Training/ Winter School attended by Scientist



Prof. L. H. Saini : Enhancing water productivity in agriculture for scarcity zone 20-11-2019 to 10-12-2020 (21 day) Participated in farmers training/Seminar/Sibir/Krushi Mela/Krushi Mahotsav by scientist- 14

Lines for registration-Applied for NBPGR registration-three lines Publications

Research Papers: 4 (non sorghum) Folder- Four

Other points regarding the breeding material Maintenance of A B lines- Thirty four No. of Restorer lines- Fifty two No. of experimental hybrids- Eighteen No. of varietal selections: Twenty two 1 Grain sorghum (K-2019)

F6 & further Generation From African grain sorghum-ICRISAT F5 and further Generation: Kharif grain Sorghum, high yield & quality F5 Generation –IPS from old entry F4 Generation -From IIMR High yielding Double cross F2 Crosses –High yield & Quality F1 Crosses –High yield & Quality Lines from ICRISAT: Maintenance and evaluation programme SF resistance from ICRISAT GM resistance from ICRISAT Bio-fortified from ICRISAT

8

2 Forage sorghum (K-2019) F5 Generation –From IIMR F5 Generation –IPS from old entry F2 Crosses –High green & dry fodder (SC) F2 Crosses –High green & dry fodder (SC) Lines from ICRISAT: Maintenance and evaluation programme

5

3 Rabi sorghum (2019-20) F6 & Further Rabi high yielding genotype Rabi genotype with grain quality F6 High yielding rabi genotype High yielding rabi genotype for grain quality as like Nizer Goti F6 Magic population from ICRISAT F5 From IIMR F5 High grain yield with better quality

7

5 F6 Generation Hurdda sorghum 1

14. UDAIPUR The Rajasthan State received a total of 796.00 mm rains till the end of September which is 49.00% more than the last year rains. It is the third chance in last 30 years that state received more than 700 mm rains. Total rainfall received in the Udaipur district during crop season kharif 2019 was 1148.00 mm which was more than double than last year rains (507.93mm). The average rainfall of Udaipur is 620 mm. At experimental site i.e. at Rajasthan College of agriculture, Udaipur centre, the total rainfall received was 1200.00 mm during crop season which was 80 % more than the last year rains. This rain fall was received in total of 54 rainy days .However there were no rains received from 7th July to 21st July 2019 that was the crucial phase for germination and plant establishment that affect the experimental performance badly. In all there were only 7 rainy days during this crucial period of July, 2019 which received only 138.mm rains. Contrary to this monsoon pattern, there was continuous heavy rains to light shower during whole of the August received 529.00 mm rains that too badly affect to perform various interculture operation timely in the experimental fields. This year the state received average to heavy rains in 20 districts and abnormal rains in 9 districts while 4 districts have low to very low rains. The Pratapgarh, Chittorgarh, Jhalawar, Bundi, Ajmer and Rajsamand districts received double the rain as compare to year 2018 (more than 1500mm). Usually monsoon recedes every year between 15-20 Septembers but the Udaipur centre received rains even up to 4th of Oct.2019. This situation is resulted in 80-100 % crops failure in the region. Crop growth in this monsoon pattern is erratic as fields were flooded and submerged due to water logging for a long period of time. One breeding MLT trial and one plant pathology trial is completely vitiated due to submerged condition for a long time. Crop growth in general is up to satisfaction in all the disciplines. Priority areas of research identified for the centre: Development of early maturity, high yielding grain/dual purpose and fodder genotypes (single cut) with resistance to major insect pest and diseases along with abiotic stresses resistance for sorghum growing farmers of the country as whole. 1. Evaluation of Sorghum experimental varieties/hybrids for grain attributes (Grain and Dual Purpose): AVT, AHT, IVT, IHT, IEHT and SVT---- Multi location Experiments 2. Hybridization and Evaluation of segregating generations- Grain and Dual Purpose: Station Programme



(i) New Crosses attempted: 6x6 diallel cross was attempted but not achieved completely due to heavy and continues rains and will be repeated in kharif 2020-21 (ii) Evaluation of segregating population for grain sorghum in different filial generations: 3. Evaluation of Sorghum experimental varieties for forage attributes: IAVHT-MC, AVHT-SC, IVHT-SC, BMRT-SC and SFT 4. Hybridization and Evaluation of segregating generations-Forage Sorghum (ii) Evaluation of segregating population for forage sorghum in different filial generations: (Table: 2) DETAIL REPORT Programme name [Grain sorghum-(dual type) kharif] 6. R line development program (Station Programme): N/A

Table: 1: Evaluation of segregating population for grain sorghum in different filial generations: Sl. No. Generation D/S: 6-8/07//2019 No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected

1 F1 --- --- 2 F2 Nil Nil 3 F3 36 315 4 F4 50 465 5 F5 03 45 6 F6 Nil Nil 7 F7 08* 130 Total 130 955

*Given SU number and will be evaluated in next season in station trial These generations will again evaluate during kharif 2020 as there was poor performance reflected in generations due to continuous rains from just after the sowing. Programme name [forage sorghum (Single cut) kharif] R line development programme Table: 2: Evaluation of segregating population for grain sorghum in different filial generations:

These generations will again evaluate during kharif 2020 as there was poor performance reflected in generations due to continuous rains from just after the sowing. Station hybrid/varietal trial: Give a brief

Station Varietal Trial- Grain, Dual & fodder Purpose: S.No. Name of trial No. of entries tested Checks used Superior entries 1 Station Varietal Trial 13 CSV23 SU1634, SU1632 & SU 1645 2 Station Fodder Trial 13 PC1080 SU 1600, SU 1596 & SU 1561

AICSIP trial: Sr.no. No. of AICSIP trials allotted No. of AICSIP trials successfully conducted 1 09 (05 grain+ 1 MC fodder +03 SC fodder) 08 (IHT- GS treated as vitiated)

Other activities Student guidance – 02 (Breeding) Publications:

i. Research Papers- 02 Other points regarding the breeding material

i. Maintaince of A B lines- ii. No. of Restorer lines- iii. No. of experimental hybrids- iv. No. of varietal selections-

Other Important Points -: Breeder seed Production: As per the indent, breeder seed production programme of CSV 23 was taken at RCA farm, during Kharif 2019. Variety DAC Indent (kg) Quantity to be produced (kg) Production as per BSP IV(kg) Indenter CSV 23 10.00 20.00 20.00 NSC (10.00kg)

(B) Nucleus seed of varieties viz., CSV 10, CSV 15, CSV 17, CSV 23, Pratap Jowar 1430 (SU 556), AKR 150, PC 1080, CSV 28, SPV 96, SPV 245, SPV 1753, RC1 and RC 2 was taken.

Sl. No. Generation D/S:08.07.2019 No. of crosses evaluated No. of families/single plant selected 1 F5 04 78 2 F6 13 156 3 F7 --- --- Total 17 234



E. Publications Research Papers 1. Abinaya,M.L., N. Kumaravadivel, S. aranavasiappan and D. Kavithamani. 2019.Screening the genotypes of sorghum

(Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) BC1 F3 generation of the cross CO (S) 28 x IS18551 for shoot fly (Atherigona soccata (Rond.) resistance. EJPB. 10(3):1133-1139.

2. Aru S.R, Kusalkar D.V, Totre A.S, Shinde M.S. and Shinde G.C. Combining ability analysis in sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench). Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry.2019, 8(6): 959-964.

3. Aruna C., M Suguna, KBRS Visarada, C Deepika, CV Ratnavathi, VA Tonapi. 2020. Identification of sorghum genotypes suitable for specific end uses: Semolina recovery and popping. Journal of Cereal Science. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2020.102955

4. Aruna C., CV Ratnavathi, M Suguna, B Ranga, P Praveen Kumar, A Annapurna, DM Bahadure, VA Tonapi. 2019. Genetic variability and GxE interactions for total polyphenol content and anti-oxidant activity in white and red sorghums (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). Plant Breeding. DOI:10.1111/pbr.12756

5. Chakraborty I, Kumari P, Pahuja S.K. and Anil. 2019. Screening of forage sorghum hybrids for stem borer infestation under natural conditions in North-Western Haryana. Int. J adv. Bio.Res. 9(3)

6. Divya, B., Shivaray Navi, Sugeetha, G., Vijaykumar, L., Shashikumar, C., Somu, G and Patel,V, N.,2019, Evaluation of newer molecules for the management of pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in cotton(Gossypium spp.), International J of Chemical Studies;8(1): 383-386.

: 193-196-.

7. Divya, B., Shivaray Navi, Sugeetha, G., Vijaykumar, L., Shashikumar, C., Somu, G and Patel,V, N.,2019,Studies on seasonal incidence of sucking pests and pink bollworm,Pectinophora gossypilla(Saunders) in cotton(Gossypium spp.) , International J of Chemical Studies ;8(1): 228-230.

8. Durugesh A, L.N. Yogeesh, R. Lokesh, G. Girish and M.R. Govindappa, 2019. Genetic variability studies in finger millet under terminal moisture stress. International Journal of Chemical Studies 7(5): 2906-2910

9. Ghorade RB, S.B. Thawari, V.V.Kalpande, S.V. Khambalkar and A. R. Bhuyar. 2019. PDKV Hurda Kartiki Wani- 103 A new parching kharif variety: innovation approch for rural entrepreneurship and empowerment. Multilogic In sciences. vol VIII Special issue (B), P- 149 -153

10. Goswami S.J., P.T. Patel, A.B. Khatri, R. A. Gami, K.G. Kugashiya and P.O. Vaghela. 2019. Study of genetic divergence for forage and grain yield in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. International Journal of chemical Studies. 07 (5): 2682-2685

11. Gowri Shankari, A.P1, Kumaravadivel, N2, Varanavasiappan, S1 and Kavithamani, D. Screening for sorghum shoot fly (Atherigonna soccata Rond.) resistance QTL’s in F2:3 generation of the cross K8 x IS 18551 in sorghum.2019. Madras Agric. J., Vol. 106 (4-6): 395-399. 2019; doi:10.29321/MAJ 2019.000281

12. Harsh Deep, Satyawan Arya, Pummy Kumari, S.K. Pahuja and Jayanti Tokas. 2019. Genetic parameters, correlation and path coefficient analysis for fodder yield and quality in forage sorghum. Green Farming 10 (4): 401-406.

13. Ingle AU, Kusalkar DV, Gare SS, Dalvi US, Shinde MS, Kute NS and Gadakh SR. morphological traits for drought tolerance in rabi sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench].International journal of current research in Biosciences and Plant Biology 6(9):24-32.

14. Ingle Krishnananda, Gahukar Santosh, Moharil Mangesh, Jadhav Pravin, Ghorade Rameshwar, Narkhede Gopal and Penna Suprasanna. 2019. Validation of cytoplasmic genetic male sterility in rabi sorghum hybrids and their parents using diagnostic set of microsatellite markers. Res. J. of Biotech., 14 (7), 2019

15. Kavipriya. C, A.Yuvaraja, C. Vanniarajan, J. Ramalingam and A. Subramanian, An image analyser: A rapid and non-destructive method for characterization and diversity assessment of sorghum landraces, Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 10 (3): 1176 - 1184 (Sep 2019), ISSN 0975-928X

16. Kavithamani. D., A. Yuvaraja and B. Selvi. 2019. Principal component analysis and grouping of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench gene pool for genetic diversity. EJPB. 10(4):1426-1434.

17. Krishnananda P. Ingle, Santosh J. Gahukar, Mangesh P. Moharil, Pravin V. Jadhav, Rameshwar B. Ghorade, Vikram V. Kalpande. 2019. Multivariate analysis of hybrid performance and genetics of fertility restoration behavior in rabi sorghum hybrids. Electronice Jornal of plant Breeding. 10(1): 119-126

18. Madavi M.G., V. U. Sonalkar. 2019. Evaluation of sorghum genotypes for their resistance to shoot fly Atherigona soccata. Indian Journal of Entomology, 81(3): 558- 563

19. Maheshwaramma., S , Ramesh .,S Nagesh Kumar M.V , Sameer Kumar C.V 2019 Screening of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] advanced lines against Shoot fly [Atherigona soccata (Rondani)] and Stem borer, Chilo Partellus (Swinhoe.) 7-8 March 2019.

20. Neha Rohila, Satyawan Arya, Pummy Kumari, Pinki and Versha. 2019. DUS characterization of various sorghum genotypes (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) on the basis of midrib colour. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry; 8(4): 588-595.

21. Pal, Anand, Rani Sarita, Parshad Jagdish, Tejpal and Satpal. 2019. Application of Nanoparticles in Applied Science: A Review. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci, 8(10): 2318-2325.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2020.102955�



22. Paratpara Rao. M, B. Selvi, V.K. Gupta, R.V.S.K. Reddy, John Joel and B. Jayakumar, Morphological Traits Associated with Heat Tolerance in Potato, International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences , ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 12 (2018

23. Raghavender Yelgurty, Jayalkshmi, S.K., ZaheerAhamed, B., Shreedevi S Chavan and Girish, G. 2019, Efficacy of Bio-agents against Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Leonard and Suggs. Causing Turcicum Leaf Blight of Sorghum. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci (2019) Special Issue-9: 164-170

24. Raghavender Yelgurty, S.K. Jayalkshmi, B. Zaheer Ahamed, Shreedevi S Chavan and G. Girish, 2019. Survey on sever ity of turc icum leaf bl ight (Exserohilum turc icum) of sorghum in major sorghum growing regions of Northern Karnataka, International Journal of chemical studies 7(2):2734-2736.

25. Raghavender Yelgurty, S.K. Jayalkshmi, B. ZaheerAhamed, Shreedevi S Chavan and G. Girish, 2019. Studies on Morphological Variability of Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Leonard and Suggs. Causing Turcicum Leaf Blight of Sorghum, Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2019) Special Issue-9: 209-213.

26. Raghavender Yelgurty, S.K. Jayalkshmi, B. ZaheerAhamed, Shreedevi S Chavan and G. Girish, 2019, Efficacy of fungicides against Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Leonard and Suggs causing turcicum leaf blight of sorghum, Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2019; 8(4): 1748-1751.

27. Raghavender Yelgurty, S.K. Jayalkshmi, B., Shreedevi S Chavan and G. Girish, 2019, Studies on cultural variability of Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Leonard and Suggs. causing turcicum leaf blight of sorghum, Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2019; 8(4): 1752-1757.

28. Raghavender Yelgurty, S.K. Jayalkshmi, ZaheerAhamed, B., Shreedevi S Chavan and G. Girish, 2019. Screening Promising sorghum genotypes against Turcium Leaf Blight (Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Leonard and Snuggs) under Glass house conditions. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci. 1(85): 655-658.

29. Rathod D.P., R. A. Gami, R. M. Chauhan, K. G. Kugashiya and R. N. Patel .2019. Genetic analysis in forage sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. Forage Research. 45 (3): 197-202

30. S. A. Tambe, D. V. Kusalkar, G. S. Shinde and M. S. Shinde. Inheritance of Oxidative enzyme and biochemical changes in sweet sorghum infested by shootfly. Journal of Zoology and Entomological studies.2019, 7(6): 446-449.

31. S.V.Pawar., M.S.Shinde, U.S.Dalvi, S.Haldamani,A.S.Jadhav.Molecular diversity in sweet sorghum genotypes using SSR markers. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry.2019, 8(6): 1806-1812.

32. Sarankumar.C., M. Dhasarathan, D. Kavithamani, C. Vanniarajan, E. Kokiladevi, R. Ravikesavan, and N. Senthil. 2019. Assessment of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance in backcross population of BC1F1, BC2F1 and BC2F2 in maize. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics. Vol. 10 (2):576-584. DOI: 10.5958/0975-928X.2019.00073.5.

33. Satpal, J. Tokas, K. K. Bhardwaj, S. Devi, P. Kumari, S. Arya, Neelam and S. Kumar. 2019. Evaluation of forage sorghum for production, productivity and quality at different fertilizer levels.Forage Res., 45(1): 64-68.

34. Seema Nemade, Ghorade R.B., Mohod N.B. and Shilpa Khambalkar. 2019. Effect of broad bed furrow sowing on growth and yield of sorghum. Multilogic In sciences. vol VIII Special issue (B), P- 119-121

35. Shivaprasad, T., G. Girish, Ashok Badigannavar, S. Muniswamy, L.N. Yogesh and T.R. Ganapathi, 2019. Genetic variability, correlation and path coefficient studies in sorghum[ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 10(4):1383-1389.

36. Shobha Rani T, Anil Kumar G, Sravanthi K, Sameer Kumar, CV, Maheshwaramma S, Ramesh S and Parimal M (2019). Heterosis effects on genetic biofortification of grain iron and zinc in pearlmillet (Pennisesetum glaucam L.) Selection criteria for grain yield in pearl millet. Indian journal of Agricultural Sciences 5320 (1-7).

37. Shobha Rani T, Sameer Kumar CV, Maheshwaramma S, Parimal M, Anil Kumar Gand, Sravanthi K (2019) Selection criteria for grain yield in pearl millet (Pennisesetum glaucam L.) in association with yield contributing traits. Internationl journal of pure & applied Bioscience 7(3):257-262.

38. Singh Charan, Singh Bhagat, Satpal, Kumar Pramod, Ankush, Gora Manoj Kumar and Kumar Anil. 2019. Micronutrient management for enhancing production of major fodder crops - A review. Forage Res., 45 (2): 95-102

39. Somu,G., Shashikumar, C., Shivaray Navi, Abdulrazak Chadachanakar, Meena,N and Druvakumar, M., 2019, Response of different sowing intervals on growth and yield of Kharif sorghum genotypes, Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry;8(4):3067-3068.

40. Sonalkar V.U., Shilpa Khambalkar and R.B. Ghorade. 2019. Screening of multi-cut sorghum hybrids for their reaction to major insect pest in kharif. Multilogic In sciences. vol VIII Special issue (B), P- 169-173

41. Sri Subalakhshmi, V.KI, B. Selvi, D. Kavithamani and N. Vadivel, 2019, Relationship among grain yield and its component traits in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) germplasm accessions. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 10 (2): 446-450 (Jun 2019), ISSN 0975-928X.

42. Subhashini.S and B. Selvi, Association and variability studies in F2 population of sorghum, (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), 2019, Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 10 (2): 483-489 (Jun 2019), ISSN 0975-928X

43. Subramanian Rajesh, Sivaraj Preetha Gurusamy Anand, Balasubramanian Selvi,B and Navaneethakrishnan Shunmugavalli , 2019 Isolation and in silico Characterization of Disease Resistance Gene Analogues (RGAs) from



Minor Millets, international Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 01 (2019)

44. Thakare G.V., A.B. Chore, N.D. Parlawar, R.B.Ghorade, S.D. Hiwale and E.R. Vaidya. 2019. Studies on site specific nutrient management (SSNM) on productivity dynamics of safflower under rainfed condition. Multilogic In sciences. vol VIII Special issue (B), P- 191-194

45. Vijay Laxmi, SK Pahuja and Pummy Kumari. 2019. Identification of New Sources for Good Quality High Biomass Yield and other Promising Traits in Mini Core Collection of Forage Sorghum. Indian J. Plant Genet. Resour. 32(2): 150-157.

46. Vijaylaxmi, Pahuja. S.K., Kumari. P. and Joshi U. N. 2019.Genetic divergence studies for agro morphological, insect pest and quality parameters in mini core collection of forage sorghum. Forage Res. 44(4): 237-241.

Oral presentations/ Abstract published in National Seminar / Symposia / Workshop /Conference 1. Hanamaratti N.G., Salimath P.M., Danajaya Nagannanavar and Mohankumar, 2020. Traditional land races of rice and

their importance in developing climate resilient variety for rainfed condition. Presented in National conference on “Climate Resilient Agriculture for Sustainable Production and Nutritional Security" held at UAS, Dharwad during 1-2 February, 2020.

2. Kavithamani, D., A. Yuvaraja and B. Selvi.2019. Identification of superior Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) genotypes for grain and fodder quality traits. In book of abstracts on National Symposium on “Potential Crops for Nutritional Security” organized by ISGPB south chapter and CPBG,TNAU held at TNAU, Coimbatore from 14-15th December,2019. Pp. 10. Theme-I/Plant Genetic Resources.

3. Kumari Pummy, Satpal and A.V. Umakanth. 2019. Sweet sorghum – a future crop for entrepreneurship and dairy farming in India. In proceedings of National workshop Production, processing & value addition of Nutri-cereals (millets) in India” held at CCS HAU, Hisar, on September 16, 2019. p: 94. (2nd prize)

4. Nisha, Jakhar, S. S. and Satpal. 2019. Effect of seed priming on forage sorghum. In proceedings of National Seminar on Sustainable Development” held at MDU, Rohtak on November 15, 2019. pp: 20-21.

5. Nisha, Jakhar, S. S. and Satpal. 2019. Seed quality assessment in naturally aged seed of forage sorghum varieties. In proceedings of National workshop Production, processing & value addition of Nutri-cereals (millets) in India” held at CCS HAU, Hisar, on September 16, 2019. p: 119.

6. Priya Ravat and Hanamaratti N.G., 2020., Genetic parameter and association study in double cross derived F2 population of rabi sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.). Presented in National conference on “Climate Resilient Agriculture for Sustainable Production and Nutritional Security" held at UAS, Dharwad during 1-2 February, 2020.

7. Pummy Kumari, Satpal and Yogesh Jindal. 2019. Screening of forage sorghum genotypes for dual purpose. In proceedings of Golden Jubilee International Conference on “New Millennia Agriculture – Novel Trends and Future Scenario” held at CCS HAU, Hisar, from November 6-8, 2019. p: 32.

8. Satpal and Anil Kumar. 2020. Evaluation of energies efficiency, optimum resource management in the production of forage sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] under semi arid tropics. In proceedings of National Seminar on Agrometeorological Interventions for Enhancing Farmers’ Income” held at KAU, Kerala on January 20-22, 2020. pp: 424-425.

9. Satpal, J. Tokas and Kumari P. 2019. Nutritional value of multi-cut forage sorghum genotypes under different fertilizer levels. In proceedings of National workshop Production, processing & value addition of Nutri-cereals (millets) in India” held at CCS HAU, Hisar, on September 16, 2019. p: 95.

10. Satpal, K. K. Bhardwaj, P. Kumari, D.S. Phogat and S. Devi. 2019. Performance of single-cut sorghum under different fertilizer levels. In proceedings of Golden Jubilee International Conference on “New Millenia Agriculture – Novel Trends and Future Scenario” held at CCS HAU, Hisar, from November 6-8, 2019. pp: 120-121.

11. Sunil Dutt Vashisht, Satpal, Anurag and Anurag. 2019. Precision agriculture, using drones. In proceedings of Golden Jubilee International Conference on “New Millennia Agriculture – Novel Trends and Future Scenario” held at CCS HAU, Hisar, from November 6-8, 2019. pp: 336-337.

12. Sunil Dutt Vashisht, Satpal, Neelam and A.K. Dhaka. 2019. Status and prospects of millet utilization in India. In proceedings of National workshop Production, processing & value addition of Nutri-cereals (millets) in India” held at CCS HAU, Hisar, on September 16, 2019. p: 118.

13. Yuvaraja A, R. Thangapanidian and D. kavithamani. 2019. GIS based exploration and Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) evaluation of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) landraces of Tamil Nadu. In book of abstracts on First National Conference on neglected and underutilized crop species for food, nutrition, energy and environment held at NIPGR, New Delhi on 02.08.2019. Pp. 117. Theme-II/38.

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