Journal AES Volumen 1-9

Journal of the

AU Dl0 ENGINEERING SOCIETY

This issue contains the papers presented at the Audio Fair held in conjunction with the Fourth Annual Convention of the Audio Engineering Society. in New York. October 29. 30. 31. and November 1. 1952 .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Binaural Disc Recording -- Enzory Cook

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Methods of iC.leasuring Surface Induction of Magnetic Tape -- J . D . Bick

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A New Professional Magnetic Recording Tape -Edward Schnzidt

. . . . . . . . . Constant-Current Operation of Power Amplifiers-Howard T . Sterling and 'llan Sobel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A New Pocket Wire Recorder - Oliver Read

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Musical Therapy .. R . L . Cardinell

Some Consideration Regarding Volume Production of Electronic Musical Instrun~ents - George H . Hadden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gun-Shot Reinforcers and Synthesizers - J . L . Hathaway and R . E . Laferty

The Deposited-Carbon Resistor: An Essential Component of Good Audio Design Practice - LEewelEyn Bates Keim

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electrolytic Capacitors. Why and When - Mark VanBuskirk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Choice of Electron Tubes for Audio Circuits - FV . R . Ayres

. . . . . Review of New Printed Circuit Development and Audio-Frequency Applications - Arthur W Kelly, J r

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intermodulation Measurements - H . H . Scott

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Measurement of Nonlinear Distortion - Alan BEoch

Comparative Study of Methods for Measuring Nonlinear Distortion in Broadcasting Audio Facilities - Donald . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E . Maxwell

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Distortion in Phonograph Reproduction - H . E . Roys

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic Problems in Audio Systems Practice - W . E . Stewart

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Audio-Frequency Input Circuits - William B . Snow

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Attenuator Types and Their Application - Chester F . Scott

. . . . . . . . . . . . . The Design of Speech Input Consoles for Television - Robert H . Tanner

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Grounding, Shielding, and Isolation - Arthur Davis

. . . . . . . Consideration of Some Factors Concerning the Use of Audio Transformers - W . E . Lehnert

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bypass and Decoupling Circuits in Audio Design - Lewis S . Goodfriend

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Resistance-Capacitance Networks in Amplifier Design - E . D . Sissofz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Attenuation Equalizers - F . R . Bies

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Network Transformations - L Norde

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Analyzing the Long-Playing Pickup Problem - Theodore Lindenberg

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Binaural Sound Reproduction at Home - H . T Sherman

. . . . . . . Testing and Adjusting Speaker Installations with the Sound-Survey Meter - W . R . Thurston

. . . . . Concert-Hall Realism through the Use of Dynamic Level Control - John Nigro and Jerry B Minter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Journal Authors

Journal of the Audio Engineering Society Volume 1. Number 1. January. 1953 . Published quarterly by the Audio Engineering Society . P~~blication office 104 Liberty Street. Utica. N . Y . ~xec;tive and editorial ofice. Box 12. Old Chelsea Station. New York City 11 . Application for entry as second- class'tnatter a t the post oftice a t Utica. N . Y . is pending . Subscription to non-members is $8 per year .

Copyright 1953 by the -4udio Engineering Society .

Executiae Vice-President JERRY B. ~ V ~ I N T E R

Central Vice-President W . S. PRITCHARU

Admissions J. D . COLVIN

Awards H . F . OLSON

Const i tu t ion and B y - L a w s V . J. LIEBLER

Convent ion JERRY B. R ~ I N T E R

Educational Standavds R. H . ROSE

E~nploynzen t Register C. G. MCPROUD

Sections Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus Los Angeles New York San Francisco Southern Michigan

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY

OFFICERS FOR 1953

President F . SUMNER HALT,

W e s t e r n V ice -P~es iden t R. L. BURGESS

GOVERNORS

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Finance R. 0. SUMMERLIN

Lecture Course JAY H . QUINN

Publications Edi tor: LEWIS S. GOODFRIEND

Secretary C . J . LEBEL

Publications JERRY B. MINTER

Public Relations WALTER 0. STANTON

Sections C. J. LEBEL

Standards JV. H. OFFENHAUSER, JR.

T e s t Reco1.d~ N. C. PICICERING

-1pplication blanks for membership may be obtained from the Secretary a t P. 0 . Box 12. Old Chelsea Station, S e w Yorli I I , Kew York.

The Journal of the Audio Engineering Society is publislhed quarterly and supplicd t o all members

of the Audio Engineering Society in good standing. Back numbers can be obtained from the

Secretary a t P. 0. Boa 12 , Old Chelsea Station, New York 11, New York.

Journal of the

AU DIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY E s

OFFICERS F O R 1953

President F. SUMNER HALL

Executive Vice-President JERRY B. MINTER

Central Vice-President W. S. PRITCHARD

Western Vice-President R. L. BURGESS

Secretary C . J. LEBEL

GOVERNORS

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Admissions: J. D. COLVIN

Awards: H. F. OLSON

Constittction and By-Laws: V. J. LIEBLER

Conveation: JERRY B. MINTER

Educational Standards: R. H. ROSE

Employment Register: C. G. MCPROUD

Finance: W . 0. SUMMERLIN

Historical: C. A. RACKEY

Lecture Course: JAY H . QUINN

Membership: W . H . HAZLETT

Nominations: C. R. SAWYER

Publications : JERRY B. MINTER

Public Relations : WAI:~ER 0. STANTON

Sections: C. J. LEBEL

Standards: W. H. OFFENHAUSER, JR. Tes t Records: N. C . PICKERING

Sections

Cincinnati New York Cleveland San Francisco Columbus Southern Michigan Los Angeles

Some -4udio Considerations in Air Control Towers- Johrz C . Webster and Paul 0. Thompson . . . . . 171

History and Development of Stereophonic Sound Recording - Ross H . Slzyder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

An <4dventure in Microphone Design - Howard T . Souther . . 180

. . . . . . Modern Methods of Filter Design - Leslie Xorde 186

The Vibrating String as an Audio-Frequency Circuit Element - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Johpz 4. McWaid 199

The Application of Printed Circuits and Miniaturized Assemblies to Audio Amplifiers and Equipment - Jesse Kanarek . . . . 202

.4 Condenser Microphone for Quantitative Determinations of Ballistic Shock-Wave Intensities-W. G. Hornbostel and

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marcus C. Eliason 208

A Low-ru'oise FM Recording System -- Walter T. Selsted . . . 213

Aircraft Public Address System Operation under High-Level Ambient Noise Conditions - Jackson C. Baker . . . . . . 2 16

Journal Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

Section Meetings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223

Editor: LEWIS S. GOODFRIEND

Associate Editor: VINCENT SALMON

The Journal of the Audio Engineering Society is published quarterly and supplied to all members of the Audio Engineering Society in good standing. Application blanks for membership and back numbers of the Journal may be obtained from the Secretary, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, New York 11, New York.

Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, Volume 1, Kumber 2, April, 1953, Published quarterly by the Audio Engineering Society. Publication office 104 Liberty Street, Ctica? N. Y. Executive and editorial office, Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, New York City 11. Entered a s second-class mattir a t the post office a t Ut~ca, N. Y. Subscript~on to non-members is $8 per year. Copyright 1953 by the Audio Engineering Society.

Journal of the

AU Dl0 ENGINEERING SOCIETY OFFICERS F O R 1953

President F. SUMNER HALL


Central Vice-President W. S. PRITCHARD

Western Vice-President HARRY BRYANT*

Treasurer RALPH A. SCHLEGEL

Secretary C. J. LEBEL

GOVERNORS

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Admissions: J. D. COLVIN A w a r d s : H. F. OLSON

Constitution and B y - L a w s : V. J . LIEBLER Convetttion: JERRY B. MINTER

Cooperative Researrh: PRICE E. FISH Educational Standards: R. H . ROSE

Employment Regis ter: C. G'. MCPROUD Finance: W . 0. SUMMERLIN Historical: C. A. RACKEY

Lecture Course: JAY H. QUINN Membership: W. H. HAZLETT

Nominations: C. R. SAWYER Papers Procurement: W. R. DRESSER

Publications: JERRY B. MINTER Public Relations: WALTER 0. STANTON

Sections: C. J. LEBEL Standards: W. H. OFFENHAUSER, JR.

Tes t Records: N. C. PICKERING

Sections


British Lioison British Sound Recording Association

London W. C. 1, England

* I n i e r i ~ n appoint~nent to replace K. L. Burgess, decc;~sed.

Structure and Performance of Magnetic Transducer Heads - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Otto Kornei 225

New High-Grade Condenser Microphones - F . W. 0. Bauch . 232

A Variable-Speed Distributor System for Synchronizing Out-of-Sync Pictures and Sound Tracks - H . A f . l'remaine . . . 241

A Novel Audio Sweep Generator - Peter Pohl and Henry Wolcott . 244

The Amplifier and Its Place in the High-Fidelity System - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . j( 8. H. Scott 246

Two Ears in Three Dimensions - Norman C. I'ickering and . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eric Baender, M.D. 255

A Variable Inductor - R. E. Allison . . . . 262

Review of New Materials and Techniques in High-Fidelity Trans- former Design-Le,wis W. Howard . . . . . . . . . 265

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Journal Authors 269

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section Meetings 2 71


Associate Edi tor: VINCENT SALMON


Journal of the .\udio Enginrering Society Volume 1, Number 3 July, 1953, Published quarterly by the Audio Engineering Society. Publication ofice, 104 Liberty Street , I'tlcn. W . Y. ~ x e & t i v e and editorial offick, Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, New York 11 N. Y. Entered 3s second-class matter a t the post ofice a t Vtica, N. Y. Subscription to non-members is $8 per year. Copyright 195j by the Audio Engineering Society.

Journal of the

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY E S

OFFICERS FOR 1953

President F; SUMNER HALL


C e r t r a l . Vice-President W . S. PRITCHARD

Western Vice-President HARRY BRYANT*


GOVERNORS

JOHN D. COLVIN JAY H. QUINN PRICE E. FISH C. R. SAWYER C. G. MCPROUD W. 0. SUMMERLIN ALBERT A. PULLEY

COMMITTEE CIIAIRMENf

Admissions: J . D. COLVIN A w a r d s : H. F. OLSON

Co~stitzrtiogz and B y - L a w s : V . J. LIEULER Cosventiotz: JERRY B . MINTER

Cooperative Research: PRICE E. FISII Educational Staszdards: R. H . ROSE

Employment Regis ter: C. G . MCPROUD Finance: W. 0. SUMMERLIN Histot ical: C. A. RACKEY

Lecture Course : JAY H . QUINN Membership: W. H. HAZLETT -

Nominations: C. R. SAWYER Papers Proczirement: W. R. DRESSER

Publicafions: JERRY R. MINTER Public Relat ions: WALTER 0 . STANTON

Srctions: C. J . LEBEL S:-cmdards: W. H. OFFENHAUSER, JR.

Tes t Records: N. C. PICKERIKG

Sections


British Linisou British Sound Recording Association


' 1nter i .n appo in tmen t to replace R. L. Burgess, deceased.

Design of an Electrostatic Loudspeaker - Theodore Lindenberg, Charles E. Smiley, and J e n y B. M i n t e ~ . . . . . 273

Design Factors in Horn-Type Speakers - Danicl J. Plach . . , . , 276

.4 New Transformerless Amplifier Circuit - Kcrim Onder . . . 282

A Stereodynamic Multichannel Amplifier for Single or Binaural Input - John A7igro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287

A New 30-Watt Power Amplifier - Sidney A . Corder~nafz and Frank H . A!lcIlztosh . . . . . . . . . . 292

. . . . ' Audio and Interior Decor - Jefl Markell a d Mary Leighton 297

Decorating the Home with Music - Russell J . Tifzkham . 302

1 A Composite Recording System for Studio or High-Fidelity . . . . . . . . . . . . Applications - 0livt.r Rcad 305

Audio Automatic Volume Control Systems - F. W . Roberts a d R. C . Cz~rtis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310

A IKew Eusiness Office Dictating Machine Csing Magnetic Tape as . . . . . . . . Recording Medium -- Sainuel J. Hynzan 3 17

Eflect of High-Frequency Pre-Emphasis on Groove Shape - Jerry B. Milzti'r and ,4ldo R . dIiccioli . . . . 321

AES S e w s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327

Journal Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '4ES C'onvention Program 333

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contents of 1;olume 1 339

Author Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 1

The Journal of the Audio Engineering Society is published quarterly and supplied to all members of the Audio Entineering Society in good standing. Application blanks for membership and back numbers of the Journal may be obtained from the Secretary, P. 0. Kou 12, Old Chelsea Station, New York 11, New York.

- - --

Journal o f tl!e : \~~d io Engineering Society, \-c11v.m~ 1, K ~ ~ r n l ~ c r 4, O c ~ o l x r , 195.3. Pu l~ l i~ l l ec l <!u:irterl,- I ) ? t11r .\uclio En- i r l e r l - in~ Society. Pulj!icatio,l oftice, 104 1.ibe1-ty S t ree l , Ut~c: i , K . 1'. E x e c u t i r e . n n d editorial office, Box 12. Old Chelien Stat ion, S e n , York 11, X. Y. Elitered :IS second-c'nss 111ntter a t the poi t oiiice a t Ctlca, PI'. Y. S u b s c r i p t i o ~ ~ t a nolr-metnbcrs i s $8 pcr )-ear. Copyright 1953 11s tllc . \~~c i io Er~pincerltib. Society.

Journal of the


OFFICERS F O R 1954

President JERRY B. MINTER

Executive Vice-President A. A. PULLEY

Central Vice-President R. C. MOYER

Western Vice-President BOYD MCKNIGHT

Treasurer RALPH A. SCITLEGEL


GOVERNORS

PRICE E. FISII RICHARD H. RANGER F. SUMNER HALL C. R. SAWYER JAY H. QUINN LAURENCE J. SCULLY

W. 0. STANTON - COhlMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Admissions: PRICE E. FISH A wards: F. SUMNER HALL

Constitution and B y - L a w s : V. J. LIEBLER Convention: A. A. PULLEY

Cooperative Research: HUGH KNOWLES Educational Standards: R. H . ROSE

Employment Regis ter: C. G. MCPROUD Finance: C. R. SAWYER

Historical: C. A. RACKEY Lecture Course: JULIUS POSTAL

Membership: OLIVER READ Nominations: LAURENCE SCULLY

Papers Procurement: AVERY LOCKNER Publications: RICHARD H. RANGER

Pzcblic Relations: WALTER 0. STANTON Sections: C. J. LEBEL

Standards: W. H. OFFENHAUSER, JR.

Sections

Cincinnati New York - Cleveland San Francisco

Columbus Southern Michigan Los Angeles Rensselaer Polytechnic

Institute (student)

British Liaison

British Sound Recording Association London W. C. 1, England

New Advances in Language Teaching - The Georgetown University

Project - Morris Lewis Groder . . . . . . 6 5

An Analytical Approach to Phonograph Pickup Design -

Walter 0. Stanton . . . . . . . . . 71

Amplifiers and Superlatives -- D. T. N . Williamson and P. J . Walker 75

Design of a Preamplifier for Low-Level Inputs -

&fartin V . Kiebert, Jv. . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

-4 Kew Program Distribution System -

Stephen F . Tenzmer and Rein Saruza . . . 88

Bibliography of Disk Recording . . . . . . . 92

Edwin Howard Armstrong - 1890-1954 . . . . . 109

Book Review . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 10

Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 1

AESNews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

-4~1dio Aspects of the SilIPTE 74th Convention - A Review -

Julius Postal . . . . . . . . . . . 11 9

Journal Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142


Associate Edi tors: GEORGE E. GYNN, JULIUS POSTAL, VINCENT SALMON Assistant Edi tors: ELIZABETH H. BEAUMONT, DOROTHEA S. THORBURN


Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, Volume 2, Kumher 2, April 1954. Published quarterly by the Audio Engineering Society. Publication office, 104 Liberty Street, Utica, N. Y. Executive and editorial office, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, New Yorli 11, N. Y. Entered a s second-class mat te r a t the post office a t Utica, N. Y. Subscription t o nonmembers is $3 per year. Copyright 1954 by the Audio Engineering Society.

Journal of the

AU DIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY --

OFFICERS F O R 1954



Central Vice-President R. C . MOYER


Treasurer RALPH A. SCI~LEGEL

Secretary C. J . LEBEL

GOVERNORS

PRICE E. FISH RICHARD H. RANGER F. SUMNER HALL C. R. S ~ W Y E R JAY H . QUINN LAURENCE J . SCULLY

W. 0. STANTON

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Admissions: PRICE E. FISH Awards: F. SUMNER HALL

Constitzttion and By-Laws: V. J. LIEBLER Convention: A. A. PULLEY

Cooperative Research: HUGII KNOWLES Educational Standards: R. H. ROSE

Employment Register: C. G. MCPROUD Finance: C. R. SAWYER

Historical: C. A. RACKEY Lecture Course: JULIUS POSTAL

il4embership: OLIVER READ Nomitzations : LAURENCE SCULLY

Papers Procurement: AVERY LOCKNER Pzcblications: RICHARD H. RANGER

Pztblic Relations: WALTER 0. STANTON Sections: C. J. LEBEL

Standards: W. H. OFFENHAUSER, JR.

Sections

Cincinnati New York Cleveland San Francisco Columbus Southern Michigan Los Angeles Rensselaer Polytechnic

Institute (student)

British Liaison


Survey of Flux-Responsive Magnetic Reproducing Heads - Otto Kornei 145

Resonance, Tracking, and Distortion - An Analysis of Phonograph

. . . . . . . . . . Pickup Arms - R. E. Ca~lso?z 15 1

The Fundamentals of Disk Reproduction - S. Kelly . . . . 163

Etched Circuits for Audio - Icenyon B. H o w a ~ d . 171

The Mechanics of Good Loudspealier Design -Abraham B. Cohen . 176

Bibliographyof MagneticRecording--Alfred Jorysz . . . 183

Journal Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201


Associate Editors: GEORGE E. GYNN, JULIUS POSTAI,, VINCENT SALMON Assistant Editors: DOROTHEA S. THORBUI~N, ELIZABETH H. BEAUMONT


Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, Volume 2, Number 3, July 1954. Published quarterly by the Audio Engineering Society. Publication office, 104 Liberty Street, Utica, N. Y. Executive and editorial office, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station. Xew Yorlc 11, N. Y. Entered a s second-class matter a t the post office a t Utica, N. Y. Subscription to nonmembers is $8 per year. Copyright 1954 by the Audio Engineering Society.

Journal of the

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY OFFICERS F O R 1954



Central Vice-Presidetat R. C. M O ~ E R


Treasurer RAI.PI~ A. SCIILECEL


GOVERNORS

PRICE E. FISH RICHARD H. RANGER F. SUMNER HALL C. R. SAWYER JAY H. Q U I N N LAURENCE J. SCULI.Y

W. 0. STANTON

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Admissions: PRICE E . FISII Awards: F. SUMNER HALL

Constitzctio+ and By-Laws: V. J. LIEULER Convention: A. A. PULLEY

Cooperative Reseat ch: HIJGII KNOWLES Edzccational Standards: R. 13. ROSE

Employment Register: C. G. MCPROUD Finance: C. It. SAWYER

Histotical: C. A. RACKEY Lcctztre Cozcrse: JUI-[us POSIAL

J f e m bersizip: OLIVER READ Nogninntions: LAURENCE SCULLY

Papers P~oczlrement: Avsrw LOCKNER Publications: RICI-IARD H. RANGER

Public Relations: WAI~ITR 0. S.~ANTON Sections: C. .I. LEBEL

Standards: W. H. OFPENIIAUSER, JR.

Sections

Cincinnati San Francisco Cleveland Southern Michigan Columbus Rensselaer Polytechnic Los .4ngeles Institute (student) New York Japan

British Liaison


hlotion Picture Sound Recording a t USAF Lookout Mountain Laboratory - E l . M. Trenzaifze . . . . . 204

An Experimental Study of Distortion - C. J. LeBd . . . . . . 215

Recent Developments in Direct-Radiator High-Fidelity Loudspeakers --Harry F. Olson, John Preston, and Everett G. & f a y . . . 219

A Moving-Coil Feedhacli Disk Recorder - C. C. Davis . 228

A Stable Laboratory Standard Condenser Microphone - J. F . Houdek, Jr. . . . . . . . . . . . . 234

A Twin-Lever Ceramic Cartridge - B. H. Bnzcer, L. Gzmter, and E. Seeler 239

hfultidirectional Reproduction and Re-recording of Music from a . . . . . Single Sound Source -- Charles D. Lifzdridge 244

. . . Monogroove Stereophonic Disk Recording - Johfz T. Mullin 249

An Output-Transformerless Power Amplifier - Julius Futternzan . . 2 5 2

Characteristics of Bass Elnphasis Circuits - Charles D. Lindrid,ge . . 257

An External Automatic Sweep Generator for Use with Cathode-Ray . . . . . . . . . . . Oscilloscopes - Ala~z Rloch 2 59

Harold T. Sherman - 1904-1954 . . . . . . . . . . . . 262

AES News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263

Journal Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

Contents of Volume 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

Author Index, Volume 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268

Membership Applicatio~l Blank . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269

CItairman of the Publications Conzmittee: RICHARD H. RANGER

Editor: VINCENT SAI.MON Managing Editor: JULIUS POSTAL

Associate Editor: GEORGE E. GYNN

Copy Editor: DOROTIIEA S. THOREURN N e w s Editor: ELIZABETIT H. BEAUMONT


- - ~p

Journal oi tlle .ludio Engineering Socicty, Yolurue 2, X u m l ~ e r 4, October 1954. Pilhlished quarterly b3- the Audio Engineering Society. PublicatLon office, 104 I.;berty Street, Utica, N. Y. Executive and editorial office, P . 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, New York 11, N. 1'. Entered a s second-class mat te r a t the post office a t Utica, N. Y. Subscription to no~lmembers is $8 per year. Copyright 1955 by tile Audio Engineering Society.

Journal of the

- AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY

OFFICERS FOR 1955

President A. A. PULLEY

Executive Vice-President RICHARD H. RANGER

Central Vice-President W . J . MAHONEY

Western Vice-President RICHARD F. HASTINGS


Secretary C . J . LEBEL

Past President JERRY B . MINTER

GOVERNORS

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Admissions: ERNEST W. FRANCK Awards : SHERMAN M. FAIRCHILD

Constitution and By-Laws: V. J . LIEBLER Convention: RICI~ARD H. RANGER

Employment Regis ter: E. V . B . KETTLEMAN Finance: LAWRENCE J. SCULLY

Historical: CHESTER A. RACKEY Lecture Course: JULIUS POSTAL Nominations: JERRY B. MINTER

Papers Procurement: CLAIR D. KREPPS Publications: CARLETON R. SAWYER Public Relations: EMORY G . COOK

Sections: C. J. LEEEL Standards: FREDERICK W. ROBERTS

Sections Cincinnati San Francisco Columbus Rensselaer Polytechnic Los Angeles Institute (student) New York Japan

Britislz Liaison

Record Stylus Pressure -- -4. ili. Max . . . . . . . . 66

I I'resent-Day Developments in Magnetic I'ickups - Walter 0. Stanton 70

Frequency Characteristics of a Sound-Reinforcing System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - Willia~rz B. Snow 74

I A Microphone for Informal Use - L. M. Bigington and R. M . Carrel1 77

An Extended Cathode-Coupled Phase Inverter and I t s Application to Single-Ended I'ush-Pull Amplifiers - Hiroshi Anzemiya . . 82

1 An Electrostatic 1,oudspealrer Development - Arthur A . lanszen . . 87

I Develop~i~ent of a Subminiature Tape Recorder - Albert C. Travis, Jr. 9 1

British Sound Recording Association London W. C. 1, England 1

. . . . . MIL-T-27 Procurement Problems - Eugene L. Eiaikin 97

A Method for the Quantitative RIeasurement of Wind-Noise Sensitivity in Microphones - R. ill. Carrel1 . . . . . 102

Decibel Tables; Power and Voltage Ratios . . . . . . 106

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AES News 110

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Journal Authors 11 8

. . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership Application Blank 119

PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE

CARLETON R. SAWYER, Clzairman A. A. PULLEY F. SCTMNER HALL RICHARD H. RANGER GEORGE HORIUCHI VINCENT SALMON JULIUS POSTAL WALTER 0. STANTON

STAFF

Editor: VIKCENT SALMON Managing Editor: JELIUS POSTAL

Associate Edi tor: GEORGE E. GYNN Prodztction Editov: N ~ O M I POSTAL

N e w s Erlitov: ELIZA~ETH H. BEAU~IONT

Applicaticn blanks for membership in the Audio Engineering Society and back numbers of the JOURNAL may be obtained from the Secretary, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, New York 11, New York.

Journal of the Audio Et~gineering Society, Volume 3, Kumbcr 2, April 1955. Publi41ed quarterly by tlie Audio Engineering Society and supplied to all members in good standing. Publicatio~i oftice, 104 Liberty Street , Utica, X, Y. Executive and cditorial office, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station. New York 11, N. Y . Enterecl a s second-class matter a t the post office a t Utica, N. Y. Subscription to nonmembers, $8 per year. Address manuscripts to the Managing. Editor. Copyright 1955 by the Audio Engineering Society.

Journal of the s


Executive Vice-President RrcaARD H. RANGER

OFFICERS FOR 1955

President A. A. PULLEY

Transient Behavior of Electric Wave Filters -

JULY 1955 VOLUME 3, NUMBER 3

Central Vice-President W. J. MAHONEY I Power Amplifiers for l\lusic Reproduction -

Western Vice-President RICHARD F. HASTINGS

Treaszcrer RALPH A. SCHLEGEL


Past President JERRY B. MINTER

GOVERNORS

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Admissio+zs: ERNEST W . FRANCK A wards: SHERMAN M. FAIRCH~LD

Constitution and B y - L a w s : V . J . LIEBLER Convention: RICHARD H. RANGER

Employment Regis ter: E. V . B. KETTLEMAN Finance: LAWRENCE J. SCULLY

Historical: CHESTER A. RACKEY Lecture Course: JULIUS POST~L Nominations: JERRY B. MINTER

Papers Procurement: CLAIR D. KREPPS Pzzblications: CARLETON R. SAWYER Public Relations: EMORY G. COOK

Sections: C. J. LEBEL Standards: FREDERICK W. ROBERTS

-Leslie Norde .

Herlnon H . Scott . , . 132

Locating Defects in Magnetic Recording Tape -Andreas ICramer . . 143

. . . . The Appreciation of Tone Quality -- Charles D. Lindridge 147

Measurement of Flutter and Wow in Magnetic-Tape Instrumentation

Recorders - John T. illullin . . . . . . . . . . 1 5 1

. . . High-Efficiency Three-way Speaker System - Saztl J. Whi t e 155

. . . . . . . . Practical Tape Duplication - Ross H. Snyder 16Q

AES News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1651

I Journal Authors . . . . . . . . .

Sections Cincinnati San Francisco Columbus Rensselaer Polvtechnic


CARLETON R. SAWYER, Chairman F. SUMNER HALL A. A. PULLEY GEORGE HORIUCHI RICFI~RI) H. RANGER W. H. OFFENHACSER, JR. VINCENT SALMON JULIUS POSTAL WALTER 0. STANTON

STAFF

Editor: VINCENT SALMON Managing Editor: JULIUS POSTAL

Prodzcction Editor: NAOMI POSTAL

Los Angeles Institute (&dent) New York Japan I Application blanks for membership in the Audio Engineering Society and hack numbers

of the JOURNAL may be obtained from the Secretary, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station,

Britislz Liaison I New York 11, New York.

British Sound Recording Association London W. C. 1, England I

- -

Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, Volume 3, Number 3, July 1955. Published quarterly by the Audio Engineering Society and supplied to all members in good standing. Publication oftice, 104 Liberty Street, Utica, K. Y. Executire and editorial office, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, New Yorlc 11, N. Y. Entered as second-class matter a t the post office a t Utica, N. Y. Subscription t o nonmembers, $8 per year. Address manuscripts and all editorial correspondel?ce to the Managing Editor-Julius Postal, P.O. Box 49, Bowling Green Station, New I'ork 4, N. Y.

Coyyrigl~t 19% by the Audio Engineering Society.

Journal of the

A U D l O ENGINEERING SOCIETY E s

OFFICERS F O R 1955-56

Presideat RICHARD H. RAKGER

Executive Vice-President WALTER 0. STANTON

Central Vice-President EWING D. N L N N

Western Vice-President ROY A. LONG



Past President A. A. PULLEY

GOVERNORS

COAMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Admissiovis: ERNEST W . FRANCK Awards: JOHK D. COLVIN

Constitution a+td By-Laws: V. J . LIEBLER Convention: W ~ L T E R 0. STANTON

Employmelrt Register: E. V . B. KETTLEMAN Finance: VICIOR BROCINER

Historical: CHESTER A. RACKEY Membership: C. ROBERT PAULSON

Nominations: A. A. PULLEY Papers Puocurcment: D O N ~ L D J. PLUNKETT

Publications: CARLETON R. SAWYER Public R e h ! i ~ l t ~ : s H ~ R h l 4 i X M. FAIRCHILD

Staizdards: C . ROBERT FINE

Sections Cincinnati San Francisco Columbus Rensselaer Polytechnic Los Angeles Institute (student) New York Japan

British Liaison British Sound Recording Association

London W. C. 1, England 1

Fundamentals of Speech Synthesis- Horner Dudley . . . . . Magnetic Properties of Recording-Tape Pigments - J . Gittlernan . Standards of Acceptability for High-Fidelity Loudspeakers

- P. D. Collings-Wells . . . . , . . . . , . . On Electrical Loading of Microphones -Richard E. Werner . . .

Magnetic Pickups and Proper Playback Equalization - Walter 0. Staxton . . . . . . . , , . ,

-4 Co-ordinated Church Audio-Visual System - Clyde R . Keith

Some Design Criteria for Magnetic Tape - Robert .4. von Behren

Seventh Annual Convention of the AES - Preliminary Report Highlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Program of Technical Sessions . . . . . . . . . Exhibitors a t Audiorama 1955, New York . . . . .

Membership Information . , . . . . . , . . . . . ,

Journal Authors - A . I. Aronson, P. D. Callings-Wells, Homer I.V. Dudley, J . Gittleman, Clyde R. Keith, Walter 0. Stanton, Robert A. von Behren, Saul J . White . . . , , .

Annual Index for Volume 3 ( 1955). JOURNAL OF THE ,4ES . , ,

blembership Application Blank . . . . . . . . . . . .

PUBLICATIONS COhIMITTEE

CARLETON R. SAWYER, Chairman JULIUS POSTAL F. SU~ISER HALL A. A. PULLEY GEORGE HORIUCHI RICHARD H. RANGER W. H. OFFENH~USER, JR. WALTER 0. STANTON

Editor: JULIUS POSTAL Production Editor: NAOMI POSTAL

Application blanks for membership in the Audio Engineering Society and back numbers of the JOURNAL may be obtained from the Secretary, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, New York 11, New York.

Journal oi the Audio E~lg ineer ing Society, Volume 3, Number 4, October 1955. Published quarterly by the Audio Engineering Society and supplied to all members In good standing. Publication office, 104 Liberty Street , Utica, K. IT. Executive and editorial office, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, Kew York 11, Ii. Y . Entered a s second-class mat te r a t the post office a t Utica, S. 1'. Subscription to nonmembers, $8 per year. Address manuscripts .and all editorial correspondence t o the Editor-Julius Postal , P.O. Box 49, Bowling Green Stat ion, I iew York 4, K. Y .

Copyright 1956 by t h e Audio Engineering Society.

Journal of the

A U DIO ENGINEERING SOCl ETY OFFICERS FOR 1955-56

Presidettt RICHARD H. RANGER

Executive Vice-President WALTER 0. STANTON I

C e ~ t r a l Vice-President I Recent Developments in Precision Master Recording Lathes - EWING D. NUNN Jerry B. i ldinte~ , . , , , . . . . . . . . . . 50




The Isophase Loudspealrer-Theodore Lindefzberg . . . . . . . 56

Transistor Audio Power-Output Stages- J. M a ~ s h a l l ajzd D. Moge~z . 60

Audio Console Design So te s - Philip C. Erhorn . . , . . . .

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

GOVERNORS

VICTOR EROCINER

A dtnissio+as: ERNEST W. FRANCK A wavds: JOHN D. COLVIN

Constitution and By-Laws: V . J . LIEBLER Cotivention: WALTER 0. STANTON

Employmetat Register: E. V. B. K E T T L E ~ ~ ~ N Finance: \'ICTOR BROCINER

Historical: CHESTER A. RACKEY i'ilenzbership: C. ROBERT PAULSON

Nonzinations: A. A. PULLEY Pafiers Procu;.,-:rant: DOKALD J . PLUNKETT

Publications: CARLETON R. SAWYER Public Relations: SHERMAN M . FAIRCHILD

Statidards: C. ROBERT FINE

An Output-Transformerless Amplifier-Hi~oshi Anzcfniya , . , . , 72

Sections Cincinnati New York Columbus San Francisco Indiana Technical Rensselaer Polytechnic

College (student) Institute (student) Los Angeles Japan

Locked Concentric-Grooved Disc for Use in Measurements of Disc- Reproducer Performance- Jack Fei~zstehz . . . . . , . 76

Quality Control of Loudspeakers as It Affects Consumers - E. V. Reiss 82

ilIeinbership Application Elank . . . . . . . . . - 8 7

CARLETON R. SAWYER, Chairmatz CLYDE R. KEITH W. H. OFFENHAUSER, JR., Vice-Chairman JULIUS POSTAL F. SUMNER HALL A. A. PULLEY GEORGE HORIUCHI RICHARD H. RANGER

E d i t o ~ : JULIUS POSTAL Pvoductiolt Edi tor: NAOMI POSTAL

Application blanks for membership in the Audio Engineering Society and back numbers of the JOURNAL may be obtained from the Secretary, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station,

I New York 11, New York. British Liaiso+z

Eritish Sound Recordins Association London W. C. 1, England 1 >-

Journal oi the Audio Engineering Society, Volunle 4, Number 2, April 1956, Published cjuar:erly by the Audio Engineering Society and supplied to all members in good standing. Publication office, 104 Liberty Street , Utica, N. Y. E x e c u t i ~ e acd editorial office, P. 0. BOX 12, Old Chelsea S t a t e n , New York 11, N. Y. Entered as second-class matter at the post office a t Utica, N. Y. Subscription to nonmembers, $E per year. Address manuscripts and all editorial corresponcletlce to the Editor-Julius Postal, P.O. Box 49, Bowling Green Stallon, New York 4, N. Y.

Copyright 1956 by the Audio Engineering Society.

Journal of the

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY E s

OFFICERS FOR 1955-56

President RICHARD H . RANGER

Executive Vice-president WALTER 0. STANTON

Central Vice-President EWING D. NUNN


Treasurer ~ L P U A. SCHLEGEL

Secretarv C. J. LEBEI,


GOVERNORS

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Admissions: ERXEST W. FRANCK Awards: JOHN D. COLVIN

Constitution and Bv-Laws: V. J. LIEBLER Convention: WALTER 0. STANTON

Employment Redster: E. V . B. KETTLEMAN Finance: VICTOR BROCINER

Historical: CHESTER A. RACREY Membership: C. ROBERT PAULSON

Nominations: A. A. PULLEY Papers Procurement: DONALD J. PLUNKETT

Publications: CARLETON R. SAWYER Public Relations: SHERMAN M . FAIRCHILD

Standards: C. ROBERT FINE

Sections Cincinnati New York Columbus San Francisco Indiana Technical Rensselaer Polvtechnic




New Products and New Applications in the Magnetic-Tape and Film Fields - Ernest W . Franck and Edward Schmidt . . . 90

The Radical Tone Arm - An Unconventional Phonograph Pickup Suspension - H. E. Roys and E. E. Masterson . . . . . 101

Tweeter Design Considerations-George W. Sioles . . . . . . 105

Free-Field Technique for Secondary Standard Calibration of Microphones--Arnold L. SeEigson . . . . .

Comments on the Paper, "On Stylus Wear and Surface Noise in Phonograph Playback System"-D. A. Barlow . . . . 116

Book Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Membership Information; New Members and Changes of Grade . . 122

Highlights of the AES Year; a Photographic Roundup - Julius Postal 124


CARLETON R. SAWYER, Chairman CLYDE R. KEITH W. H. OFPENHAUSER, JR., Vice-Chairman JULIUS POSTAL F. SUMNER HALL A. A. PULLEY GEORGE HORIUCHI RICHARD H. RANGER



Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, VI all members in good standing. Publication office, New York 11, If. Y. Entered as second-class n and all editorial corres~ondence to the Editor-]

- --

~ l u m e 4, Kumber 3, July 1956. Published quarterly by the Audio Engineering Society and supplied to 104 Liberty Street, Utica, N. Y. Executive and editorial office, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station,

latter a t the post office a t Utica, N. Y. Subscript~on to nonmembers. $8 per year. Address manuscripts -ulius Postal, P.O. Box 49, Bowling Green Station, New York 4, N. Y.

Copyright 1957, by the Audio Engineering Society.

Journal of the

AU DIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY E s -


President RICHARD H. RANGER

Executive Vice-President WALTER 0. STANTON

Central Vice-President EWING D. NUNN



Secretarv C. J. LEBEL

Pasf President A. A. PULLEY

GOVERNORS

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Admissions: ERNEST W. FRANCK Awards: JOHN D. COLVIN

Constitution and By-Laws: V. J . LIEBLER Convention: WALTER 0. STANTON

Employmeat Register: E. V . B. KETTLEMAN Finance: VICTOR BROCINER

Historical: CHESTER A. RACKEY Membership: C. ROBERT PAULSON

Nominations: A. A. PULLEY Papers Procurement: DONALD J. PLUNKETT

Publications: CARLETON R. SAWYER Public Relations: SHERMAN M. FAIRCHILD

Standards: C. ROBERT FINE

Sections Cincinnati New York Columbus San Francisco Indiana Technical Rensselaer Polytechnic




Development of a New Flight-Deck Loudspeaker - P. J. Densherger 138

Some Thoughts on Evaluating Audio Components for the Consumer . . . . . . . . . - JuEian Ll. Hirsch and Milton Weiss 145

. . . . . . Audio in Salmon Research - Richard H. VanHaagen 151

The Control of Quality in Phonograph Records- Edward H. Uecke 159

A Practical Commercial Output-Transformerless Amplifier - Julius Futternzan . . . . . . . . . 163

. . . Transistor Input Stage for Phonograph Pickups - H. C. Lin 168

A Professional Approach to Home-Recording Systems -Philip C. Erhorn . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

Transistorized Microphone Preamplifier and Remote Broadcast Mixer-Amplifier - William D. Bevitt . . . . . . . . . 181

Theory of the Bridge Amplifier-John van Heijenoort . . . . . 185


CARLETON R. SAWYER, Chairman CLYDE R. KEITH W. H. OFPENHAUSER, JR., Vice-Chairman JULIUS POSTAL F. SUMNER HALL A. A. PULLEY GEORGE HORIUCHI RICHARD H. RANGER



Journal of the .4utlio Engineering Society, \'olume 4, Xumbcr 4, Octoher 1956. Puhlisl~ed quarterly by tlie Audio Engineering Society and supplied to memtlers in good standing. Fublication ofice, 104 1,iberty Street, Utica, S. Y . , E x e c u t i ~ e and editorial office, P. 0 . Box 12, Old Chelsea Station,

y e w York 11, N. IT. Entered as secoiid-class matter a t the post office a t Yiica, N. \I. Subscriptions to tlonmembers, $6 per year. Hereafter address nlalluscripts and all editorial correspondence to George Horiuchi, Colun~bia University, 632 iVest 125th Street, New York 27, N. Y.

Copyright 1957, hy the Audio Engineering Society.

Journal of the



President WALTER 0. STANTON

Executive Vice-President SHERMAN M. FAIRCHILD Central Vice-President HENRY J. SCHROEDER

Western Vice-President Ross H. SNYDER



Past President RICHARD H . RANGER

BOARD O F GOVERNORS

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Admissions: E. 1'. B. KETTLEMAN Awards: ERNEST W. FRANCK

Convention: SHERMAN M. FAIRCHILD Employment Register: E. V . B. KETTLEMAN

Finance: VICTOR BROCINER Historical: C. A. RACKEY

Laws and Resolutions: VINCENT J . L~EBLER Lecture Course: W. H. OFFENHAUSER, JR.

Membership: C. ROBERT PAUI.SON Nominations: RICHARD H. RANGER

Papers Procurement: CARL E. WARNER Publications: DONALD J. PLUNKETT

Public Relations: WILLIAM A. SAVORY Sections: GEORGE P . PETETIN

Standards: RUBEN E. CARLSON

Sections

Cincinnati Pittsburgh Columbus San Francisco Indiana Technical Rensselaer Polytechnic

College (student) Institute (student) Los Angeles Japan New York



. . . . . Impedance-Matched or Optimum?-William B. Snow 66

Innovations in Studio Design and Construction in the Capitol Tower . . . . . . Recording Studios-James W. Bayless 71

The Bias Characteristics of Tape Recorders-Frank Radocy and . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Andreas Kramer 76

The Application of Velocity Microphones to Stereophonic Recording . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -E. R. Madsen 79

An In-Line Two-Channel Magnetic Head of Universal Application . . . . . . -Richard Sinott and iWe1vin Sprinkle 86

Practical Aspects of Hot Stylus-Carlos E. R. de A . Moz~va . . . 90

Tape Recorder Flutter: Causes and Effects-Earle F. Travis and . . . . . . . . . . . . Lawvence L. La Zelle 94

Solution to Some Problems in Making Master Tapes-R. J . Tinkham 99

Evaluation of Tape Recorders--C. E. Parker . . . . . . . . 104

Note on Reverberation Chambers-Michael Rettinger . . . . . . 10.8

Limiting Factors in Gramophone Reproduction-D. A . Barlow . . . 109

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Book Reviews 1 18

Date of Publication: June 10, 1958

Since the statements and opinions which appear in the papers published in this Journal are expressions of their respective authors, the Society can assume no responsibility for them. Where, however, there exists controversy or disagree- ment, the Editor invites correspondence.

PUBLICATIONS COMhfITTEE

DONALD J. PLUNKETT, Chairman W. H. OFFENHAUSER, JR. PHILIP C. ERHORN A. A. PULLEY HELLMUTH ETZOI,D RICHARD H . RANGER F. SUMNER HALL WILI~IAM SAVORY CLYDE R. KEITH CARLETON R. SAWYER

Editor, GEORGE HORIUCI-II

Application blanks for membership in the Audio Engineering Society and back numbers of the JOURNAI~ may be obtained from the Secretary, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, New York 11, New York.

Journal of the Audio Ei~gineering Society, Volume 5, Kumber 2, April 1957. Published quarterly by the Audio Engineering Society and supplied to all members in good standing. Publication office, 104 Liberty Street, Utica, N. Y. Executive and editorial office, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, New York 11, N. Y. Entered a s second class mat te r a t the post office a t Utica, N. Y. Subscription to nonmembers, $8 per year. Address manuscripts and all editorial correspondence to George Horiuchi, Columbia University, 632 West 126 Street, New Yorlr 2'7, N. Y. Copyright 1958 by the Audio Engineering Society. T h e Journal is indexed in the Applied Science d? Technology Index .

Permission to reprint, in whole or in part , material originally appearing in the Journal must be obtained in writing from the Publications Committee.

Journal of the




Executive Vice-President SHERMAN M. FAIRCHILD

Central Vice-President HENRY J . SCI-IROEDER





BOARD O F GOVERNORS

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN Admissions: E. V. B. KETTLE~IAN

Awards: ERNEST W. FRANCK Convention: SIIERMAN M. FAIRCHILD

Employment Register: E. V. B. KETTLEMAN Finance: VICTOR BROCINER Historical: C. A. RACKEY

Laws and Resolutions: VINCENT J. LIEBLER Lecture Course: W. H. OFPENHAUSER, JR.

Membership: C. ROBERT PAULSON Nominatioas: RICHARD H. RANGER

Papers Procurement: CARL E . WARNER Publications: DONALD J. PLUNKETT

Public R e l a t i ~ ~ n s : WII,LIAM A. SAVORY Sections: GEORGE P. PETETIN


Sections Cincinnati Pittsburgh Columbus San Francisco Indiana Technical Rensselaer Polytechnic




Amplitude Distortion as a Function of Frequency-C. C. Street . . 120

Problems of Bass Reproduction in Loudspeakers-E. M. Villchur . . 122

Concept of a New NIagnetic Recording Medium-J. Herbert 0 r r . . 1 2 7

Basic Requirements for a Stereophonic System-Norman H. Crowhurst 129

The Consumer Looks at Standards-Donald M. B e ~ k . . . . . . 135

A Corner Loudspeaker with Coaxial Acoustical Line-T. S. Korn . . 138

Subjective Discrimination of Pitch and Amplitude Fluctuations in Recording Systems-A. Stott and P. E. Axon . . . . 142

Noise in iflagnetic Recording Tapes-D. H. Howling . . . . . , 156

The Calibration of Disc Recordings by Light-Pattern Measurements -P. E. Axon and W. K. E. Geddes . . . . . . . 167

AES News By-Laws of the Audio Engineering Society, Inc. . . . . . , 178



DONALD J. PLUNKETT, Chairman W. H. OFFENHAUSER, JR. PHILIP C. ERHORN A. A. PULLEY HELLMUTH ETZOLD RICHARD H. RANGER F. SUMNER HALL WILLIAM SAVORY CI-YDE R. KEITH CARLETON R. SAWYER


Journal of the Audio ICnginerring S ~ ~ r i e t y , Volurrle 5, Kumher 3, July 1957. Published quarterly by the Audio Engineering Society and sup1,lied to all members , i n good standing. Publication office, 104 Liberty Street, Ctica, X. Y. Executive and editorial office, P . 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Statio~r. Ken- York 11. X. Y. Entered as second ciass matter a t the post office at Utica, K . Y. Subscription to nonmembers, $8 per Tear. Copyright 1959 by the Audio Engineering Society. Tlie Journa l is indexed i n the AppIied Sc i ence 4 !Z'echllolog!l Inr lex .

Permission tu reprint, in \\,hole or i n pnrt , material originally appearing i n the Journa! must he ohtailled in \v.riting from the Publications Committee.

Journal of the




Executive Vice-President SHERMAN M. FAIRCHILD Central Vice-President HENRY J. SCHROEDER





BOARD O F GOVERNORS

VICTOR RROCINER C. ROBERT FINE

LEN FRANK E. V. B. KETTLEMAN

CLAIR D. KREPPS DONALD J. PLUNKETT RICHARD H. RANGER

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Admissions: E. V. B . KETTLEMAN Awards : ERNEST W. FRANCK

Convention: SHERMAN M. FAIRCIIILD Employment Register: E. V. B . KETTLEMAN

Finance: VICTOR BROCINER Historical: C. A. RACKEY

Laws and Resoltttions: VINCENT J. LIEBLER Lecture Course: W. H. OFFENI-TAUSER, JR.

M e m b e ~ s l r i p : C. ROBERT PAULSON Nominations: RICHARD H. RANGER

Papers Procttrement: CARL E . WARNER Pztblications: DONALD J. PLUNKETT

Public Relations: WILLIAM A. SAVORY Sections: GEORGE P. PETETIN


Sections Cincinnati Pittsburgh Columbus San Francisco Indiana Technical Rensselaer Polytechnic




Some Notes on Artificial Reverberation-Carlos E. R . A. Moura and Sergio Lara Cafnpos . . . . . . . . . . . . 182

1 The High-Fidelity User Looks at Pickup Design-lulinn D. Hirsch . 187 I

. . . The Consumer's Viewpoint on High Fidelity-DonaM M. Bcrk 190

1 Some Defects irr Amplifier Performance Not Covered by Standard . . . . . . Specifications--Norman H. Crozvhurst 195

The Design of a High-Fidelity Amplifier for Domestic Cse-T. S. Rorn 203

A Transistor Preamplifier Design for Magnetic Pickups-Harold J. Paz 208

Problems and Considerations of Tape Duplicating Production -Julius A . Konins . . . . . . . . . . 2 14

Artificial Reverberation-P. E. Axon, C . L. S. Gillord, and D. E. L. Slzorter . . . . . . . . . . . 2 18

Learning, a Major Factor Influencing Preferences for High-Fidelity Systems-Roger E . Kirk . . . . . . . . 238

Book Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Subject Index I

Author Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii



DONALD J. PLUNKETT, Chairman W. H. OFFENHAUSER, JR. PHILIP C. ERHORN A. A. PULLEY HELLMUTH ETZOLD RICIIARD H. RANGER F. SUIWNER HALL WILI.IAM SAVORY CLYDE R. KEITH CARLETON R. SAWYER


Journa l of tlie s u d i o F.ngiiieering Society, Yolume 5. Kumher. 4, October 1 9 5 7 . Puhlished quarterly by the Sudio Engineering Society ;itid supplied to all men~bers i n good standing.. Publication office. 104 l i b e r t y S t ~ e e t , Ctiea, X. I-. Executive and editorial officc, P. 0 . Ros 12. Old Chelsee Station, Ke\\- York 11. S . Y . Xntered w s second ciass matter a t the 11ost office a t Ctica, K. T. Subscri1,tion to nonmembers, $8 per year. Copyright 1959 by the Audio Engineering Society. Tlle Journal is indesed in the Lpplied Science d T e c h n o l o g u I n d e x .

Perrnis*ion to rellrint. in n.liole or in part, material ol.iginnlI>- nppearlng in the Jonrna! m ~ ~ s t 1,e ol~ra i~ icd in AT-riting from the l'uhlicntions Coinnittec.

Journal of the

AU DIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY E s -


President SHERMAN M. FAIRCHILD

Executive Vice-President DONALD J. PLUNKETT

Central Vice-President H. E. ROYS

Western Vice-President HERBERT E. FARMER


Editorial-G. Horiuchi . . . . . . . . . 66

. . . Binaural and Stereophonic Sound-William H. Offenhaz~ser, Jr. 67

A Compatible System of Stereo Transmission by FNI MultipIex -Murray G. Crosby . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

An Artificial Stereophonic Effect Obtained from a Single Audio Signal . . . . . . . . . . . -Manfred R. Schroeder 74

Treasurer RALPH A. SCHLEGEL I Stereophonic Sound Reproduction in the Home-Harry F. Olson . . 80

BOARD O F GOVERNORS

LEN FRANK CLYDE R. KEITH

E. V. B. KETTLEMAN CLAIR D. KREPPS CHESTER F. SCOTT

WALTER 0. STANTON EMIL P. VINCENT

C COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Admissions-E. V. B. KETTLEMAN Awards-ROSS H. SNYDER

Cosvention-DONA~.D J. PLUNKETT Employment Register-E. V. B. KETTLEMAN

Finance-VINCENT J. LIEBLER Historical-C. A. RACKEY

L e c t u ~ e Course-F. SUMNER HALL Membership-WALTER 0. STANTON

Papers Procurement-JOHN M. HOLLYWOOD Public Relations-S. M. FAIRCHILD

Pttblicatioss-DONALD J. PLUNKETT Standards-RUBEN E. CARLSON

Sections Central New York Pittsburgh Indiana Technical San Francisco

College (student) Rensselaer Polytechnic Los Angeles Institute (student) New York Japan



British Patent Specification 394,325-Alan Dower Blumlein . . 91

1s Tape the Ideal Medium for Audio?-Ross H . Snyder . . . . . 99

The 'Stereosonic' Recording and Reproducing System-H. A . M . Clark, G. F. Dutton and P. B. Vanderlyn . . . 102

Stereophonic Sound With Two Tracks, Three Channels By Means of a . . . . Phantom Circuit (2PH3)-Paul W. Klipsch 118

. . . . . . . . . . . . Stereo Tape Standards-Symposium 13 1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Letter to The Editor 143

Date of Publication: June 27, 1958

Since the statements and opinions which appear in the papers published in this Journal are expressions of their respective authors, the Society can assume no responsibility for them. Where, however, there exists controversy o r disagree- ment, the Editor invites correspondence.


DONALD J. PLUNKETT, Chairman CLYDE R. KEITH FRANK COMERCI THEODORE LINDENBERG EDWIN DICKINSON A. A. PULLEY PHILIP C. ERHORN RICHARD H. RANGER HELLMUTH ETZOLD

Editor, GEORGE HORIUCHI


Journal of the dltdio Engineering Society, Volume 6, Xumhcr 2, April 1958. Pnblished quarterly I,y the Audio Engineering Society and supplied to all members in good standing. Publication office, 104 Liberty Street, Utica, N. Y. Executive and editorial office, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, New York 11, N. Y. Entered a s second class mat te r a t the post office a t Utica, N. Y. Subscription to nonmembers, $8 per year. Address manuscripts and all editorial correspondence to George Horiuchi, Columbia Univerqity, 632 \Vest 125 Street, New Yorli 27, N. Y. Copyright 1958 by the Audio Engineering Society. T h e Journal is indexed in the AppZied Science & TechnoEoqg Index.

Permission to reprint, in whole or in part, material originally appearing in the Journal must be obtained in writing from the Publications Committee.

Journal of the

AU Dl0 ENGINEERING SOCIETY OFFICERS F O R 1957-58 I

Presidest s H E R h 3 4 ~ M. FALRCHILD I

Executive Vice-President DONALD J. PLUNI~ETT I

Central Vice-President H . E. ROYS



BOARD O F GOVERNORS

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Admissions-E. V. B. KETTLE~IAK A wards-Ross H. SNYDER

Convention-DONALD J . PLUXKE~T Etnployment Register-E. V. B. KETTLEMAN

F ~ ~ U ~ C ~ - - V I N C E N T J. LIEP,I.ER Histori~ul-C. A. RACREY

Lecttcre Course-F. S U ~ I N E R HALL Membership-WAI.TER 0. S T ~ N T O N

Pnpers Procurentent-JOHN M. HO[.LYWOOD I-, Public Relations-S. M. FAIRCHILD

Pzrblications-DONALD J. PLUNKETT Standards-RUBEN E. C ~ R L S O N

Sections

Central New Yark Pittsburgh Indiana Technical San Francisco

College (student) Rensselaer Polytechnic L-os Angeles Institute (student) New York Japan Southern University (student)

British Liaison Rritish Sound Recording Association

London W. C. 1. England

'I'he Electrical Production of hlusic --Alan Douglas, &f.I.R .E., &I..4 .I.E.li

Latest .idvances in Extra Fine Groove Recording -Peter C. Goldnzark . . .

3Iusical Composition with a High-Speed Digital Conlputer . . . . . . -L. A . Hiller, Jr . and L. ilf. Isaacson 154

Technical Facilities for the Diplomatic Conference -D. D. Jones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

Acoustical Aspects of a Speech Communication System Designed for Operation in High Level Ambient Noise-Roy G. Rlun~pp and John C. Wcbster. . . . . . . . . . . . 179

Some Basic Aspects of an Information Theory of Music -.4. Moles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184

3Iylar I'olyester Film and Acetate as Base Materials for Magnetic Recording Tape-D. I>. Ornzotzd . . . 187

The Standard Tape as a Professional Audio Tool-Frank F. Richards . 193

A Sen7 \:iscous-Damped Tone Arm Development -Chester -4. Snow, J r . . . . . .

The I'rocesses of Experimental Music -Vladi~nir .-I. Ussachc~isk?l



DONALD J. PLUNKETT, Chairman CLYDE R. KEITH FRANK COMERCI THEODORE LINDENBERC EDWIN DICKINSON A. A. PULLEY PHILIP C. ERHORN RICHARD H. RANGER HELLMUTH ETZOLD

Editor, GEORGE HORIUCHI Associate Edit0.r~: NORMAN E. CROWHURST, SHELDON I. WILPON Editorial Assistants: ELIZARETH H. BEAUMONT, ISABELLE EMERSON

Application blanks for membership in the Audio Engineering Society and back numbers of the JOURNAL may he obtained from the Secretary, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, New York 11, New York.

Journal oi the Audio 1lngineel.ing Society. Volnme 6, Su~nber 3, July 7958. Published quarterly by the Audio Engineering Society and supplied to 311 members in good stand in^. Publication office, 101 Liberty Street, Utica, N. Y. Executive and editorial office, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, Kew York 11, N. Y. Entered as second class matter at the post office a t Utica, N. T. subscription to nonmembers, $8 per year. Address manuscripts and all editorial corresponde~~ce t o 0. J. LeEel, Box 12. Old Chelsea. Stabion, Ne\v Tork 13. f . Y. Capyright 1959 by the Audio Engineering Smiety. The Journal is indexed in the Applied Science d Tnchno7,og:j I ? ~ d u . r .


Journal of the



President SHERMAN M. FAIRCHILD

Executive Vice-President DONALD J. PLUNKETT

Central Vice-President H. E. ROYS




BOARD O F GOVERNORS

LEN FRANK CLYDE R. KEITH

E. V. B. KETTLEMAN CLAIR D. KREPPS CHESTER F. SCOTT

WALTER 0. STANTON EMIL P. VINCENT

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Admissions-E. V. B. KETTLEMAN Awards-Ross H . SNYDER

Convention-DONALD J. PLUNKETT Employment Register-E. V. B. KETTLEMAN

P~%u%C~-VINCENT J. LIEBLER Historical-C. A. RACKEY

Lecture Course-F. SUMNER HALL Membership-WALTER 0. STANTON

Papers Procurement-JOHN M. HOLLYWOOD Public Relations-S. M. FARCHILD

Publications-DONALD J. PLUNKETT Standards-RUBEN E. CARLSON

Sections Central New Yark Pittsburgh Indiana Technical San Francisco

College (student) Rensselaer Polytechnic Los Angeles Institute (student) New York Japan Southern University (student)



The Limiting Tracking Weight of Gramophone Pickups for Negligible Groove Damage-D. A. Baf .10~ . . . . . . . . 2 16

Mismatch Between Power Amplifiers and Loudspeaker Loads -Daniel R . von Recklinghausen . . . . . . . . 220

The Finer Structure of Magnetic Tape: Microscope Studies -Reuben M . Cares, M.D. . . . . . . . . . . 225

A New ,4pproach to the High Performance Turntable Problem -Rein Narma and E. P. Skov . . . . . . . . . 234

Application of Negative Impedance Amplifiers to Loudspeaker Systems -R. E. Werner and R. M . Carrell . . . . . . . . 240

New Developments in Output-transformerless Amplifiers -J. Rodrigues de Miranda and J . J . Zaalberg van Zelst . 244

The Audio Engineers Exhibit and Tenth Annual Convention of the Audio Engineering Society . . . . . . . 2 51

Date of Publication: September 29, 1958



DONALD J. PLUNKETT, Chairman CLYDE R. KEITH FRANK COMERCI THEODORE LINDENBERG EDWIN DICKINSON A. A. PULLEY PHILIP C. ERHORN RICHARD H. RANGER HELLMUTH ETZOLD

Editor, GEORGE HORIUCHI Associate Edito.rs: NORMAN E. CROWHURST, SHELDON I. WILPON Editorial Assistants: ELIZABETH H. BEAUMONT, ISABELLE EMERSON


Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, Volume 6, Number 4, October 1958. Pablished quarterly by the Audio Sngineering Society and supplied to all members in good standing. Publication office, 101 Liberty Street, Utica, N. Y. Executive and editorial office, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, New York 11, N. Y. Entered as second class matter a t the post office at Utica, N. Y. Subscription to nonmembers, $8 per year. Address manuscripts and all editorial correspondence to George Horiuchi, Columbia University, 632 West 125 Street, New Yorli 27, N. Y. Copyright 1958 by the Audio Engineering Society. The Journal is indexed in the Applied Science & Technology Index.


Journal of the



President D O N ~ L D J. P I U N K E T ~

Execlttive Vice-Pre~idettt

Cefttral Vice-President ARTHUR G. EVANS, JR.

Western Vice-Presiderrt \'IUCEKT s4Lh10\

Secretary 0. J. LEBEL

Treasirrer R. .A. SCHLECPL

BOARD O F GOVERNORS

SI-IERJIAX FAIRCHILD C L ~ D E R. KEITH

F R ~ L E. PONTITJS CHESTER F. SCOTT Ross H. SNIDER

WALTER 0. STANTON S. E o n . 1 ~ ~ SORENSOU

EVIL P. VIYCEUT

COMhIITTEE CHAIRMEN

A dmiss~ons-C~~DE R. KEITH A g1a1 cis-ROSS H. SNIDER

Convetitzoa-H~RRI L. BRX 9NT

Employms?tt Regrstel-E. \'. B. K E T I L E M ~ V Phaace-R. A. SCHLECEL

Hls to?ica l -C~E~T~R A. RACKEI- Laws B Rcsoltctiorrs-V. J. LIEBIER ; I f e n 2 b e * s h r p - J ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 0. STANTON

Papels Protu~entewt-JOHN 'M. HOLLYWOOD Pzibl~c R ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ O + ~ F - J A C Q L E L I P \ E H ~ R \ E l

S~ctions-DO\ ALD J. P L U ~ K E T T Standaj ~ J - R L R E N E. CARLSOX

SECTIONS

Central New 1-ork San Franc~sco Indiana Technical Rensselaer Polytechnic

College (student! Institute (student) Los Angeles Southern University New York (student) Pittsburgh Japan

British Liaisort


How Much Audio Power?-Stanley If. Sessio~zs . . . . . . 62

The Distribution of Peak Energy in Recorded Music, and Its Relation to hlagnetic Recording Systems-Johu G A~lcKnight . . 65

Psychoacoustics Applied to Stereophonic Reproduction Systems- P ~ t e i . C. Go1dnzai.k and John 31. IIolly~oood . . . . .

Designing a Multi-Purpose Stereo Pre-Amplifier-J. Kodrigtres de Xi,.- anda and H , 2). d. h e ~ c k h o f f . . . . . . . . . , 7 3

Tiine Error5 in llagnetic Tape Recording-Rogcr H . Prager . . S i

Endless Loop Alagrletic Tape Tree-S. IY. Liddle . . 89

A Single-Element Stereophonic Cartridge-John F. Wood . . . 92

Standards: Stepchild it1 the Laboratory-C. E , Whi te . . . . . . 97

AES News . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . , . 101

EDITORIAL BOARD

Managing Editor, JACQUELINE HAR\EI.

Associate Editors: NORIVIAU H. CROWHURST, SHFIDOX I. WILPON

;\lanuscripts and all editorial correspondence should be addressed to the Secretary, Audio Engineering Society, Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, New York 11, New York. Application blanks for membership and back numbers of the JOUHKAL may also be obtained from the Secretary.

Jonruul of :Ire l u d i o Engii~eering Society, '\*olame 7, 'Xnmber 2, April 1959. Published quarterly by the Audio Engineering Society and sugplied to all members in good standing. Publication office, 1 0 1 Liberty Street, Ulica, N. P. Executive and editorial office: P. 0, Bos 1 2 , Old Cllelsea Station, N e ~ r Pork 11, 1;. y. Entered as second class matter nt tlie post ofice a t Ctica, N. Y. Subscription to nonmembers. $3 per year. Oopyriglit 1 9 6 9 by the Audio Engineering Society. The Journal is indexed in the Applied Scicncs LG Technology I n d e z .

Permission to re?rint, ill whole or in p a n , n~ater ia i originally appearing in the Journal must be obtained in writing from the Secretary.

Journal of the

AU Dl0 ENGINEERING SOCIETY OFFICERS F O R 1958-59

President DONALD J. PLUNKETT

Exectctive Vice-president HARRY L. BRYANT

Central Vice-President ARTI-IUR G. EVANS, JR.

Western Vice-president VINCENT SALMON


Treasurer R. A. SCHLECEL

BOARD O F GOVERNORS

SHERhl4N FAIRCHILD CLYDE R. KEITH

FRANK E. PONTIUS CHESTER F. SCOTT Ross H. SNYDER

WALTER 0. STANTON S. EDWARD SORENSON

EXIIL P. VINCENT

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

A dmissions-CLYDE R. KEITH A wards-Ross H. SNYDER

Convention-HARRY L. BRYANT Employment Register-E. V. B. KETTLEMAN

Finance-R. A. SCHLECEL H ~ s ~ ~ ~ ~ c ~ ~ - ~ H E s T E R A. RACKEY

Laws 63 Resolutions-V. J. LIEBLER Membership-WALTER 0. STANTON

Papers Procurement-JOHN M. HOLLYWOOD Public Relations-JACQUELINE HARVEY

Sections-DONALD J. PLUNKETT Standards-RUBEN E. CARLSON

SECTIONS

Central New York San Francisco Indiana Technical Rensselaer Polytechnic

College (student) Institute (student) Los Angeles Southern University New York (student) Pittsburgh Japan

British Liaison


1 Corner Speaker Placement-Paul W. Klipsch . . . . . . . . 106

Recent Cone Speaker Developments-W. T. Fiala . . . . . . 110

Some Thoughts on Geometric Conditions in the Cutting and Playing of Stereodiscs and Their Influence on the Final Sound Picture -1. L. Oonzs and C. R. Bastiaans . . . . . . . . . 115

The Deformation of Plastics with Hard, Spherical Indentors-D. G. Floln and C. M . Huggins . . . . . . . . . . . 122

High Speed Tape Duplication Up-To-Date-R. J. linkhanz and R . A. isberg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 5

A New Device for the Reduction of Print-Through-Frank Radocy . . 129

Applying the Transistor in a Stereophonic Tape System-Dwight I/. Jones 133

. . . . Automatic Plotting of Cartridge Response-C. P. Gernzano 13.5

AES News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

Membership Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

EDITORIAL BOARD

Managing Editor, JACQUELINE HARVEY

Associate Editors: NORMAN H. CROWHURST, SHELDON I. WILPON

Manuscripts and all editorial correspondence should be addressed to the Secretary, Audio Engineering Society, Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, New York 11, New York. Application blanks for membership and back numbers of the JOURNAL may also be obtained from the Secretary.

--

J o ~ u n a l of the Audio IiCngineerillg Society, Volume 7, Xurnber 3, July 1959. Published quarterly by the Audio Engineering Society and supplied to all members in good staudiilg. Publication office, 104 Liberty Street, Utica, N. P. Executive and editorial office, P. 0. Box 12, Old Cl~elsea Station, New York 11, N. T. Entered as second class matter a t the post office at Utica, N. Y. Subscription to nonmembers, $8 per year. Copyright 1959 by the Audio Engineering Society. The Journal is indexed in the Applied Science & Technology Index .

Permission to reprint, in -ivhole or in part, material originally appearing in the Journal must be obtained in writing from the Secretary.

Journal of the


Executive Vice-President HARRY L. BRYANT


President

Central Vice-President ARTHUR G. EVANS, JR.

OCTOBER 1959 VOLUME 7, NUMBER 4

Western Vice-President VINCENT SALMON



B O A R D O F G O V E R N O R S

SHERMAN FAIRCHILD CLYDE R. KEITH

FRANK E. PONTIUS CHESTER F. SCOTT Ross H. SNYDER

WALTER 0. STANTON S. EDWARD SORENSON

EMIL P. VINCENT

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Admissions-CLYDE R. KEITH Awards-Ross H. SNYDER

Convention-HARRY L. BRYANT Employment Register-E. V. B. KETTLEMAN

Finance-R. A. SCHLECEL Historicai-CHESTER A. RACKEY

Laws d Resolutions-V. J. LIEBLER Membership-WALTER 0. STANTON

Editorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 , Recent Developments in Stereo Disc Recording-John G. Frayne and

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ R. R. Dazlis 147 1 A New Stereo Feedback Cutterhead System-Rein Narnza and Norman

J. Anderson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Acoustics of Large Orchestral Studios and Concert Halls-T. Somerville

and C. L. S. Gilford . . . . . . . . . . 160 Acoustoelectronic Auditorium-Harry F. Olson . . . . . . . . . 173 Determination of the Recording Performance of a Tape from Its Mag-

netic Properties-Irving Levine and Eric D. Daniel . . 181 Magnetic Characteristics of Recording Tapes and the Mechanism of the

Recording Process-J. G. Woodward and E. Della Torre 189 The Noise in Magnetic Recording Which Is a Function of Tape Charac-

teristics-Philip Smaller . . . . . . . . . 196 Magnetic Tape Recording with Longitudinal Or Transverse Oxide Orien-

tation-Richard F. Dubbe . . . . . . . . . . . 203 Evolution of a Successful Spring-Driven, Broadcast-Quality Tape Re-

corder-Albert C. Travis, Jr . . . . . . . . . . . 207 Stereophonic Sound for the Videotape Recorder-Ross H. Snyder . . 213 A Compact, Single-Cabinet, Stereophonic Speaker System-Sidney E.

Levy, George W. Sioles, and Victor Brociner . . . . 2 17 A Three-Channel Stereophonic Sound Reinforcement Mixing Console

-Philip C. Erhorn . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 The Development and Application of Synthetic Reverberation Systems

. . . . -Lewis S. Goodfriend and John H. Beaumont 228 Pocket Pagers-L. E. Philipps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 70-Watt Transistorized Public Address Equipment-Robert C. Acker , 239 Report-Magnetic Modulator Playback Technique for Audio Applica-

. . . . . . . . . . tions--Marvin E. Anderson 243 Book Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 Letters to the Editor . . . . . . . . . . 246 AES News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248

SECTIONS

Papers Procurement-JOHN M. HOLLYWOOD Public Relations-JACQUELINE HARVEY

Sections-DONALD J. PLUNKETT Standards-RUBEN E. CARLSON



EDITORIAL BOARD Editor-in-Chief: WALTER H. ERIKSON Managing Editor: JACQUELINE HARVEY

Associate Editors: NORMAN H. CROWHURST, SHELDON I. WILPON

British Liaison


Copy Editor: ELEANOR HYDE Assistant Editors

FRANK COMERCI MARVIN B. HERSCHER EDWIN DICKINSON CLYDE R. KEITH PHILIP C. ERHORN THEODORE LINDENBERG HELLMLTH ETZOLD A. A. PULLEY

RICHARD H. RANGER Manuscripts and all editorial correspondence should be addressed to the Secretary, Audio Engineering Society, Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, New York 11. New York. Aaalication blanks for membershia and back numbers of the JOURNAL may also be obtained from the-secretary.

L..

Journa l of the Audio Engiueering. Society, Volume 7, Kumher 4, October 1959. Published quarterly by the Audio Xngineering Society and supplied to all members i n good standing. Publication office, 104 Liberty Street, Utica, N. Y. Executive and editorial office, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, S e w York 11, N. P. Entered as second class matter a t the post office a t Utica, S. Y. Subscriptions to nonmeml~ers, $8 pcr pear. Copyright 1959 by the Audio Engineering Society. The Journa l is indexed i n the Applied Science & !fechnology Index .

Permission to reprint , i n whole or in part , material originally appearing in the Jonrne l must be obtained in xr i t ing from the Secretary.

Journal of the



President HARRY L. BRYANT

Executive Vice-President HARRY F. OLSON

Central Vice-President W. EARL STEWART

Western Vice-President WALTER T. SELSTEI)


BOARD O F GOVERNORS

SHERMAN FAIRCHILD FRANK E. PONTIUS WILLIAM B. SNOW

Ross H. SNYDER S. EDWARV SORENSEN WALTER 0. STANTON EDGAR M. VILLCHUR

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

A dmissions-S. EDWARD SORENSEN A wards-Ross H. SNYDER

Conventio%-HARRY F. OLSON Employment Register-E. V. R. KETTLEMAN

Exhibits-HARVEY SAMPSON, JR.

Finance-R. A. SCHLECEL ~ ~ ~ S ~ O V ~ C ~ ~ - C H E S T E R A. RACKEY

Laws 8 Resolutions-V. J. LIEBLER M e m b e r s i t i p - H ~ ~ \ ~ ~ u SA~IPSON, JR. Nominations-DONAI,D J. PLUNKETT

Papers Procurement-JOHN M. HOLLYWOOD Ptiblic R e ~ a t i o n s - J A c Q u ~ ~ . l ~ ~ HARVEY

Sections-HARRY L. BRYANT Stanrlatds-EI~AR M. VII.LCIIUR

SECTIONS



British .Liaison British Sound Recording Association


Progress Report oi Panel 1 of the National Stereophonic Radio Committee-Charles J. Hirsch . . . . . . . . .

Acoustics of Sound Reproduction in the Home-Harry F. Olson and Herbert Belar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stereo Disk Problems-Erling P. Skov . . . . . . . . . . Transistor ac Amplifiers with High Input Impedance: A Survey

-1. A . Ekiss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Suggested Method for Nleasuring Tape Modulation Noise

-James J. Davidson . . . . . . . . . . . A New Equalization Characteristic for Master Tape Recording

-A. A. Goldberg and &nil L. Torick . . . . . . . A Survey of Some New Tubes for Audio Output Applications

-Robert E. Moe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Synthetic Reverberator-Harry F . Olson and John C. Bleazey

Design and Development of an Engineering Report-George B. Goodall Eliminating the Stereo Seat-John Mosely . . . . . . . . . . Properties of Base Materials Used for the Manufacture of Magnetic

Recording Tape-Edward Schmidt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New York Convention 1959

. . . . . . . . . . . . Eleventh Annual Convention Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Letters to the Editor

AES News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current Publications on Audio

EDITORIAL BOARD Editor-in-Chief: WALTER H. ERIKSON

Managing Editor: JACQUELINE HARVEY Associate Editors: NORMAN H. CROWI~UKST, SHELIION I. WILPON

Copy Editor: ELEANOR HYVE

Assistant Editors


Jourilal of the l u d i o Enginerring Society, Volume 8 , Surnber 1, J a n u a r y 1960. Published qnitrter~ly by the Audio Kngineering. Society and supplied to ail members in good standing. Publication office, 104 Liberty Street, Utica, N. Y. Executive and editorial office, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, Sew York 11, N. 1'. Entered a s second class matter a t the post office a t Utica, K. '. Snhbcl.il~tioni; ro nonmrnlbers, $8 gel. ycar. Copyright 13(i0 i ~ y the Audio Engineering Society. The Journa l is indexed in the A p p l i e d S c i e n c e d. T e c h n o l o g y I n d e x .

Permission to reprint , in whole or in part, material originally appearing in tile Jo111,nnl I I I I I ~ ~ be ol~tained in ~ v r i t i n g from the Secretary.

Journal of the






Western Vice-President WALTER T. SELSTED


BOARD O F GOVERNORS

SHERMAN FAIRCHILD FRANK E. PONTIUS WII.LJAM B. SNOW

Ross H. SNYDER S. EDWARD SORENSEN WALTER 0. STANTON EDGAR M. VILLCI-IUR

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Admissions-S. EDWARD SORENSEN A wards-Ross H. SNYDER

Coevention-HARRY F. OLSON E~nployment Register-E. V. B. KETTLEMAN

Exhibits-HARVEY SAAIPSON, JR. Finance-R. A. SCHLEGEL

Hi~t~r i~al -CHESTER A. RACKEY Laws d Resolutions-V. J. LIERLER hfembership-HARVEY SAPIPSON, JR. Nominations-DONALD J. PLUNKETT

Papers Procurement-JOHN M. HOLLYWOOD Public R ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ S - J A C Q U E L I N E HARVEY

Sections-HARRY L. BRYANT Standurds-EDGAR M. VILLCHUR

SECTIONS





Perception of the Stereophonic Effect as a Function of Frequency . . . -WiEliavz H . Beaubicn and Harwood B. Moore

Why Stereo? The Philosophy of Multichannel Recording of Music -Jolzn G. Mclinight . . . . . .

Broadening the Area of Stereophonic Perception-Benjamin B. Bazter

Stereo as an Integral System-1Z'orwzan H. C~owhurst . . . . . . The Design and Use of a Double Cardioid Stereophonic AIicrophone

. . . . . . . . . . . . . -Antlzony Ja?nroz

The 120-ips Tape Duplicator for Four-Tracli Cominercial Stereo Tapes -R. '1. Isberg . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Recording Studio and Control Room Facilities of Advance Design -A!Iilton T. Pzttnavz . . . . . . . . . .

Equalized Stereo Preamplifier for Professional Use-Erling P. Skov . Stereophonic Patterns-Benjanzin B. Bauer and George W. Sioles . . The Tape-Head Relationship in Multitrack Recording-Fraze~ Leslie

. . . . . . . . . . Audio Isolation ATetworlis-Henry Korkes

Manufacture and Use of Double Coated Tape for Continuous Cartridges-Lnw~ence E. Knees . . . . . . .

Letters to the Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,4ES News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current Publications on Audio

EDITORIAL BOARD Editor-is-Chief: WALTER H. ERIKSOX

Managing Editor: JACQUELINE HARYEY Associate Editor: SHELDON I. WILPON

Copy Editor: ELEANOR HYDE

Assistant Editors

hlanuscripts and all editorial correspondence should be addressed to the Secretary, Audio Engineering Society, Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, New York 11, New York. Application blanks for membership and back numbers of the . ~ O U K N A L may also be obtained from the Secretary.

.Joarn:~l of the Audio Engineering Society, T701umr 8 . S u ~ n b e r 2, April 1'360. Published qu;rrterly Ly the .iudio Engir~ecviiig Society nrld supplied 'o all members in good stirndit~g. Publication office. 104 Liberty Street, Utica, S. Y. Ese~:uti \-e ; ~ n d editorial oftice, P. 0. Box 12 , Old Chelsea Station, Sen- Turk 11, N. P. Entered as secoi~d class matter art tlir post office a t 1.- tic;^, S. T. Subscriptions to nonnieml~ers, $8 per year. Cogyrigl~t 1960 11y :ha Andio >;ngi~~eering Society. Tile Journa l is indexed in tlie Applied S r i e i , r u LL: J I ' ~ ( . I z ? t o l o g ~ I n d e z .

Perlnission to reprint , in whole or i n part , matesial originnlly appearing in tile Joarnal inuzt bc oblained in ~rritiilg. from the Secretary.

Journal of. the








Treasurer R. A. SCEILECEL

BOARD O F GOVERNORS

WILLIAM S. BACHMAN SHERMAN FAIRCHILD FRANK E. PONTIUS WILLIAM B. SNOW

Ross H. SNYDER S. EDWARD S ~ R E N S E N WALTER 0. STANTON EDGAR M. VILLCHUR

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Admissions-S. EDWARD SORENSEN A wards-Ross H . SNYDER

Convention-HARRY F. OLSON Employment Register-E. V. B. KETTLEMAN

Erhibits-HARVEY SAI\IPSON, JR. Finance-R. A. SCHLECEL

H ~ S ~ O Y ~ C ~ ~ - C H E S T E R A. RACKEY Laws d Resolutions-V. J. LIEBLER Membership-HARVEY SAMPSON, JR.

Nominations-DONALD J . PLUNKETT Papers Procurement-JOHN M. HOLLYWOOD

Public Relations-JACQUELINE HARVEY

SECTIONS





The Frequency Response of Magnetic Recorders for Audio . . . . . . . . . . . . --John G. McRnight

Stereo Disli Problems (Addendum)-Erling P. Skov . . . . Chemical Analysis of Magnetic Recording Tape-C. V. Green . . . Photo-Sensitive Resistor in an Overload-Preventing Arrangement

-J. Rodrigues de Miranda . . . . . . . . . . Maximum Peak Velocity Capabilities of the Disk Record

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . -J. W. Staford A Full-Track, Stereophonic, Magnetic Record-Reproduce Head

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . -Ur. S. Latham Precise Measurement of Large Dynamic Response Characteristics of

Audio Networks-David S. Cochran . . . . . . . The Use of 35-mm Sprocket-Type Magnetic Film in Recording

Phonograph Masters-John G. Frayne and J. W. Stafford Some Characteristics of a Variable Transmission Network for Audio

. . . . Signals-Jacob Klapper and Cyril M. Harris Acoustic Instrumentation for Measurements in the Minuteman Missile

Silo-David N. Keast and George W. Kalnpernzan . . A Signal Biasing Output Transformerless Transistor Power Amplifier

. . . . . . . . . . . . -Richard C. H e y s ~ r The Effect of ac Bias Waveform on Harmonic Distortion in Magnetic

. . . . . . Tape Recording-Robert P. Schroeder A Low-Distortion Volume Expander for Home Use-R. J, Matthys .

. . . . . . . Seventh Annual Western Convention and Exhibit AES News . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current Publications on Audio

EDITORIAL BOARD Managing Editor: JACQUELINE HARVEY Associate Editor: SHELDON I. WILPON

Copy Editor: ELEANOR HYDE

Assistant Editors


Journal of tile Audio Engineering Society, Volume 8, Number 3 , July 1960. Published quarterly by the Audio Engineering Society and supplied to all members in good standing. Publication office, 104 Liberty Street, Utica. N. Y. Executive and editorial office, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, S e w York 11, N. Y. Entered as second class matter at the post office at Utica, N. Y. Subscriptions to nonmembers, $8 per year. Copyright 1960 by the Audio Engineering Society. The Journal is indexed in the Applied Science & Techno logy I n d e x .

Permission to reprint, in whole or i n part, material originally appearing in the Journal must be obtained in writing from the Secretary.

Journal of the





Cenfral Vice-President W. EARL STEWART



Treasurer R. A. SCMLECEL

BOARD O F GOVERNORS

WILLIAM S. BACHMAN SHERMAN FAIRCHILD

D O N ~ L D J. PLGNKETT FRANK E. PONTIUS WILLIAM B. SNOW

Ross H. SNYDER S. EDWARD SORENSEN WALTER 0. STANTON EDGAR M. VILLCHUR

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Admissions-S. EDWARD SORENSEN ~r Awards-Ross H. SNYDER

Convention-HARRY F. OLSON Employment Register-E. V. B. KETTLEMAN

Exhibits-HARVEY SAMPSON, JR. Finance-R. A. SCHLECEL

Hi~torica~-C~EsTER A. RACKEY Laws 8 Resolutions-V. J. L~EBLER Membership-HARVEY SAMPSON, JR. h'ominations-DONALD J. PLUNKETT

Papers Procurement-JOHN M. HOLLYWOOD Public Relafions-JACQUELINE HARVEY

Sections-HARRY L. BRYANT Standards-EDGAR M. VILLCHUR

SECTIONS





. . . Portable Facilities for International Conferences-D. D. Jones

Application of Limiter Amplifiers to Stereophonic Signals -D. S. McCoy . . . . . . . . . . . .

Practical Aspects of High-Fidelity Disk Recording. Part 1 -Carlos E. R . A . Moura . . . . . . . . . . .

Synchronous Audio-Visual Display Techniques-John T. Mz~llin . .

High-Resolution Stereo Magnetic Head for Four-Track Application -A. ,4. Sariti . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Multichannel Recording for Mastering Purposes-Mort Fujii, George Rehklau, John McKnight, and William Miltenburg .

Physical Conditions for Optimum Bass Reflex Cabinets-L. Keibs . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Letters to the Editor

AES News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Current Publications on Audio . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Subject Index

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Author Index

EDITORIAL BOARD

Managing Editor: JACQUELINE HARVEY Copy Editor: ELEANOR HYDE

Address manuscripts and editorial correspondence to the Secretary, Audio En- gineering Society, Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, New York 11, New York. Mem- bership information and back copies may also be obtained from the Secretary.

Joomal of the Sudiu Engineering Society, Volu,me 8. Xun~bev 4. October 1960. Published quarterly by the Audio Engineering Society and sopplied to all members in good standing. Publication office, 104 Liberty Street, Utica. N. Y. Executive and editorial office, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, Sew York 11, N. Y. Entered as second class matter at the post office at Utica, N. Y. Subscriptions to nonmembers, $8 per year. Copyright 1960 by the Audio Engineering Society. The Journal is indexed in tlre AppEied Science 42 techno log^ Index.

Permission to reprint, in whole or in part, material originally appearing in the Journal must be obtained in writing from the Secretary.

Journal of the -



President HARRV F. OLSON

Executive Vice-President HERMOK H. SCOTT

Central Vice-President L. R. RCRROUGHS

Western Vice-President PELL KRUTTSCHN~TT


Treastcrer R. A. SCHLEGEL

BOARD O F GOVERNORS

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Finance-R. A. SCI~LEGEL f f i s t o r i c a ~ - C ~ E ~ T ~ ~ A. RACKEY

Laws B Resolutions-V. J. LIEBLER Membership-M. R. SCITROEDER No .mina t ions -H4~~~ L. BRYANT

Papers Procurement-TROY RRAINARD Pzcblic R e ~ a t i o ~ r s - J 4 c ~ u ~ 1 , 1 ~ ~ HARVEY

Sections-L. R. BURROUGHS Standards-EDGAR M. VILLCHUR

Sustaining ~VIemberships- DONALD J. PLUNKETT

SECTIONS Indiana Technical San Francisco

College (student) Rensselaer Polytechnic Los Angeles Institute (student) New York Southern University Pittsburgh (student)

Japan Britislt Liaison


What is Psychoacoustics?-Gerard G. Harf,is . . . . . . . . . Effect of System Parameters on the Stereophonic Effect-llarwood B.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MOOYP Distortion of Auditory Perspective Produced by Interchannel Mixing a t

High and Low Audio Frequencies-Llonald S. McCoy . Subjective Evaluation of Factors Affecting Two-Channel Stereophony-

. . . . . . . . F. K. Harvey and M. R. Schroeder Listening Tests Methods and Evaluation-K. Schjonneberg and F. Olson The Magnetic Tape Recording Process in Terms of the Preisach Repre-

. . . . . . . . . . . sentation-G. Schwantke Experimental Determination of the Effectiveness of Microphone Wind

. . . . . . . . . . Screens-John C. Bleazey Loudspeaker Testing in Rooms-William B. Snow . . . . . . . Practical Aspects of High-Fidelity Disk Recording. Part 2-Ca~los

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . E. R. A. Moura . . . . . . . . . . . Special Section: Fall Convention 1960

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AES Awards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Complete Convention Program

Preprints 1960 Fall Convention Papers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership Information

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Letters to the Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section Meeting Reports

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sound Track

EDITORIAL BOAR11

Managing Editor: JACQUELINE HARVEY Copy Editor: ELEANOR HYDE


Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, Volume 9, Xnmber 1, Janiiary 1961. Publishcd quarterly by the Audio Engineering Society and supplied to all members in good standing. Publication office, 104 Liberty Street, Utica, N. Y. Executive and editorial office, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, New York 11, N. Y. Entered as second class matter at the post oftice at Utica, N. Y. Subscriptions to nonmembers, $8 per year. Copyright 1861 by t he Audio Engineering Society. The Journal is indexed in tho d p p l i e d Sc i ence d Techno logy Index .

Permission to reprint, in whole or in part , material originally appearing in the Journal must be obtained in writing from the Secretary.

Journal of the

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY


President HARRY F. OLSON

Executive Vice-President HERMON H. SCOTT

Central Vice-President L. R. BURROUGHS

Western Vice-President PELL KRUTTSCNNITT


Treasurer R. A. SCI-ILEGEL

BOARD O F GOVERNORS

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Laws @ R ~ s o ~ u ~ ~ o ~ s - V . J. LIEBLER Membership-M. R. SCHROEDER No.minations-HARRY L. BRYANT

Papers Procurement-TROY BR~INARD Public Relations-JACQUEI.INE HARVEY

Sections-L. R. B U R R O U ~ H S Standards-EDGAR M. VILLCHUR

Sustaining Memberships-



Japan British Liaison


The Effect of Bias Amplitude on Output a t Very Short Wavelengths --John G. McKnight . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tape Duplicating Systems for Talking Boolr Program-S. Himmelstein

Visible Magnetic Recordings-W. P. Guckenburg and C. D. Mee . . Some Aspects of Wear and Calibration of Test Records

-Roger Anderson . . . . . . . . . Reproduction Distortion-Its Measurement and Influence on Stereo

Phonograph Cartridge Design-Philip Rant~owitz . .

The Design of Low-Noise Transistor Audio Amplifiers -James TV. Halligan . . . . . . . . . . . .

High Quality High Reliability Amplifiers for Speech Input Systems -James J . AVoble . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Delay Line for Stereophonic Broadcasting-R. E. Lafierty

A Stereophonic Transn~ission System for AM Broadcasting . . . -John ill. Hollywood and illarvin Kronenbe~g

The Electrostatic Earphone-W. T. Selsted . . . . . . . . . Stereophonic Earphones and Binaural Loudspeakers-B. B. Bauer . A High Sensitivity Power Pentode Using the "Shadow Grid" Technique

-J. W. Trautwein and C. D. McCool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Report on Audio Equipment in Education

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Letters to the Editor

Section Meeting Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sound Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership Information

EDITORIAL BOARD

Managing Editor: JACQUELINE HARVEY Copy Editor: ELIZARETH BRAHAM


Journal of tho Audio LSngineeril~p Society, Vulnme 9, K u ~ n h e r 2 , April l g f i l . Puhlislied qu>rrter.ly 1)g the .Audio Enginer~.ing Society and suyl~lied to all members in good standing. Publication office, 1 0 4 Liberty Street, Utica, N. Y. Executive and editorial office, P. 0. Box 12 , Old Chelsea Station, New York 11, N. Y. Entered as second class mntter a t the post office at rtii.;c, S . Y. S u b s r r i ~ ~ t i ~ l n s to ~lonlnernhers, $11 11~1. yeilr. Col,yright 1961 by the Audio Engineering Society. The Journa l is indexed in the Applied Science & Technology Index.

Permission to reprint , in wrhole or in part , material originally appearing in the Journa l must be obtained in writ ing from the Secretary.

Journal of the




Executive Vice-President HERMOE; H. SCOTT

Central Vice-President L. R. BURROUGHS

Western Vice-President PELL KRUTTSCHNITT


Treasurer R. A. SCHLEGEL

BOARD O F GOVERNORS

WILLIAM S. BACHMAN HARRY L. BRYANT MURRAY G. CROSBY

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

A wards-Ross SNYDER Convention-HERMON H. SCOTT E x h i b i t s - H ~ ~ v ~ y SAS~PSON, JR.

MURRAY G. CROSBY Fi~zance-R. A. SCHLEGEL

H ~ S ~ O ~ ~ C ~ ~ - C H E S T E R A. RACKEY Laws B Resolzctions-V. J. LIEBLER

Membership-M. R. SCHROEDER Nominations-HARRY L. BRYANT

Papers Procurement-JOHN M. HOLLYWOOD Public ~ e ~ a t i o n s - J ~ c ~ u ~ ~ 1 ~ ~ HARVEY

Sectiolzs-L. R. BURROUGHS Standards-EDGAR M. VILLCHUR

Sustaining Memberships- DONALD J. PLUNKETT



Japan British Liaisos


Acoustic Considerations in the Design of Recording Studios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -M. Rettinger 178

Sound Control Techniques for the Legitimate Theatre and Opera -Harold Burris-Meyer and Vincent iVlallory . . . . 184

Reverberation System for Home Entertainment Equipment . . . . . -Harrison E. Dow and Maurice E. Swift 187

"Colorless" Artificial Reverberation-&f. R. Schroeder and B. F. Logan 192

Artificial Reverberation Facilities for Auditoriums and Audio Systems . . . . . . . . -G. R. Crane and G. A. Brookes 198

Sonic Window in the Ocean-Dan,iel W. Painter, I I . . . . . . . 205

A Modern Acoustic Missile Launch Locator, the AN/TNS-5 . . . . . . . . -R. M. Ca~rell and R . Richter 208

Design of a Stereophonic Pickup Cartridge-G. A . Morrell, Jr. . . . The Use of Polyester Films in Microphone Designs-Alexis Badrtzaieff

Broadcasting Closed Circuit and Via Public Transmission Channels Through Master Control Facilities in the Loeb Student Center, New York University-Werner F~ei tag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Obituaries

Letters to the Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Book Reviews

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section Meeting Reports

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sound Track

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [Yest Coast Convention

EDITORIAL BOARD

Managing Editor: J ~ ~ Q ~ E L I N E HARVEY Prodztction Edit0.r: IRMA VAN STEENBURGI~

Copy Editor: ELIZABETH BRAHAM


Jourilal of the Audio Erlgiileering Society, 7-olilnre 9, Surnber 3. July 1961. Published yuarterl? by the Audio Engineering Society and supplied to all members in good standing. Publication office, 104 Liberty Street, Utica, N. Y. Executive and editorial office, P. 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station, New York 11, N. Y. Entered as second class matter at the post office at Utica, X. T. Snbscriptiona to nonmembers, $11 per year. Copyright 1 9 6 1 by the Audio Engineering Society. The Journal is indexed in the Applied Science d2 Technologg Index .


Journal of the

AU D l O ENGINEERING SOCIETY E s



Executive Vice-President HERMON H. SCOTT

Central Vice-President L, R. BURROUGHS

Western Vice-President PELL KRUTTSCHNITT



BOARD O F GOVERNORS

WILLIAM S. BACHMAN HARRY L. BRYANT MURRAY G. CROSBY

SHERMAN M. FAIRCHILD JOHN M. HOLLYWOOD DONALD J. PLUNKETT

M. R. SCHROEDER WILLIAM B. SNOW

EDGAR VILLCHUR

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

A d m i s s i o n s - W ~ ~ ~ ~ A ~ S. BACHMAN A wards-ROSS SNYDER

Convention-HERMON H. SCOTT Exhibits-HARVEY SAMPSON, JR. .

MURRAY G. CROSBY Finance-R. A. SCHLEGEL

H ~ S ~ O ~ ~ C ~ ~ - C H E S T E R A. RACKEY Laws B Resolutions-V. J. LIEBLER

Membership-M. R. SCHROEDER Nominations-HARRY L. BRYANT

Papers Procurement-JOHN M. HOLLYWOOD Public R ~ ~ O ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - J A C Q U E L ~ N E HARVEY

Sections-L. R. BURROUGHS Standards-EDGAR M. VILLCHUR

Sustaining Membershijw- DONALD J. PLUNKETT



Japan British Liaison


A Study of Interference Effects in Magnetic Recording . . . . . -J. G. Woodward and M. Pradervand

*4utomatic Tape Reversing Mechanism for Continuous Play of Four Track Stereo Tapes-A L. Berg and K. M . LYilliamson

Amplitude Control of Loudspeaker Cone Motion in the Resonance . . . . . . Frequency Range-Walter C. Trautman

A New Tool for the Exploration of Unknown Electronic Music Instrument Performances-Harald Bode . . . . . .

European Electronic Music Instrument Design-Harald Bode . . . Electronic Production of Percussive Sounds-Herb Hearne . . . .

. . . New Trends for Stereo Recording Consoles-Philip C. Erhorn A Small Unidirectional Dynamic Probe Microphone-Ernest Seeler . Personal Microphones-H. F. Olson, J. Preston and J. C . Bleazey . . The Transmission of Room Information-Klaus Wendt . . . A New Reverberation Device for High Fidelity Systems

-H. E. Meinema, H. A . Johnson and W. C. Laube, Jr. . Design Considerations of Portable Transistorized Public Address

. . . . . . . . . . . . . Systems-Joel Julie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Book Review

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section Meetings

Membership Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Subject and Author Index

EDITORIAL BOARD

Managing Editor: JACQUELINE HARVEY Production Editor: IRMA VAN STEENBURGH

Copy Editor: ELIZABETH BRAHAM


Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, Volume 9, Number 4, Octobes 1961. Pnhlished quarterly b~ the Audio Engineering Society and supplied to all members in good standing. Publication office, 104 Liberty Street, Utica, N. Y. Executive and editorial office, P . 0. Box 12, Old Chelsea Station. New York 11, N. Y. Entered as second class matter at the post office at Utica, PT. Y. Subscriptions to nonmembers, $11 per pear. Copyright 1961 by the Audio Engineering Society. The Journal is indexed in the Applied Science & Technology Index .


Journal AES Volumen 1-9

Documents

w e s t e r n

audio fair

n t e r educational

rose e

audio systems practice

use of audio transformers

audio circuits fv

t utica