Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board UTME …...Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board 1 UTME 2001 - Type T Questions 1 Power differs from influence in that it is A. persuasive

Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board

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UTME 2001 - Type T Questions 1 Power differs from influence in that it is A. persuasive while influence is

directive B. coercive while influence is harmful C. coercive while influence is persuasive D. coercive while influence of a

legislature. 2 The standing committee of a legislature

is one A. whose members stand while

deliberating B. that has statutory responsibilities C. that performs ad hoc function D. that has all legislators as members. 3 Where the constitution is supreme,

unconstitutional acts of the executive and the legislature can be checked by the courts through

A. recall B. judicial review C. vote of no confidence D. impeachment 4 The central decision-making organ of a

confederation is made up of A. technocrats appointed by the units B. politicians elected from the

confederal constituencies C. politicians nominated by government

of member states. D. representatives of pressure groups 5 Which of the following of government? A. Clear separation of government

organs B. Strict operation of bicameral

legislature C. Removal of government by

impeachment D. Adherence to majority rule. 6 A major feature of authoritarianisms is

that government is A. consensual B. personalized

C. centralized D. decentralized 7 The central points of capitalism as

expounded by Karl Marx is that A. capitalists’ profit is the surplus value

obtained from workers’ labour B. workers are inherently incapable of

being owners of their labour C. capitalists shall always increase

workers’ earning capacity through wages

D. capitalists shall always readily consent to workers’ welfare demands.

8 A constitution that requires a plebiscite or a referendum to be amended is

A. rigid B. unwritten C. flexible D. written 9 An important function of a constitution is

that it A. provides a framework for the study

of government B. facilitates cross-fertilization of ideas

of governance C. serves as the fountain head of

authority for the exercises of power D. promotes citizen participation in

government and administration. 10 When a bill passed by the legislature is

vetoed by the executive, the action underscores the principle of

A. probity and accountability B. separation of powers C. collective responsibility D. checks and balances 11 In the legislative process, a bill is a A. motion accepted for debate B. motion rejected after debate C. proposal before the legislature D. law passed by the legislature 12 One of the advantages of a bicameral

over a unicameral legislature is that it A. is cheap to maintain B. promotes social equality


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C. takes less time for bills to be passed D. prevents the passage of ill-

considered bills. 13 The fundamental rights of citizens

include rights to A. free education, employment and

freedom of thought B. life, speech and association C. life, liberty and property D. association, property and social

security 14 The manipulation of boundaries of

constituencies in order to win more seats is called

A. devolution B. rigging C. gerrymandering D.

delimitation 15 One argument against a multi-party

system is the A. encouragement of opposition and

instability B. banning of interest groups C. inability to attract foreign assistance D. high cost of conducting elections 16 Association interest groups are organized

to A. further the interests of member B. specifically lobby the government C. support the government D. achieve goals affecting other

associations. 17 Public opinion is a view that is A. held by the majority B. active in the public realm C. widely publicized D. no longer a secret 18 The political neutrality of civil servants

implies that they A. are not allowed to join any

organization or group B. have no dealings with politicians

C. are not allowed to be involved in partisan politics

D. are not allowed to vote 19 The idea of making the civil service

permanent, neutral and anonymous is to A. enhance efficiency is administration B. ensure loyalty and support C. prevent opposition to government D. make civil servants a functional elite 20 The Western Zone of the Sokoto

Caliphate was administered from A. Kebbi B. Ilorin C. Bida D. Gwanda 21 Some pre-colonial Nigerian societies are

described as stateless because A. they had no formal governmental

institution B. they had no definite political

boundaries C. their population was too small D. they were not independence 22 The method used by the British to

facilitate the administration of Southern Nigeria was

A. Persuasion B. dialogue C. divide and rule D. trade concession 23 A major function of the Warrant Chiefs

was to A. prevent tribal wars B. supervise native courts and markets C. stop ritual killings D. take charge of local administration 24 After 1945, the demand of African

nationalist changed from reform to independence because

A. colonial rule became less oppressive B. colonial rule was in disarray C. the Second World War boosted their

morale D. the Second World War enhanced

colonial rule. 25 When Nigeria achieved independence in

1960, the Head of State was the


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A. President B. Prime Minister C. Governor-General D. Queen of England 26 The central legislature of Nigeria became

bicameral in A. 1945 B. 1951 C. 1959 D. 1963. 27 Which of these constitutions recognized

local government as a third tier of government in Nigeria?

A. 1946 Constitution B. 1960 Constitution C. 1963 Constitution D. 1979 Constitution 28 Under the 1963 Constitution, items not

listed in the exclusive and concurrent lists were within the exclusive competence of the

A. executive B. federal parliament C. regional legislatures D. judiciary

29 Before Nigeria became a Republic, the highest body charged with the administration of justice was the

A. Privy Council B. High Court C. Supreme Court D. Court of Appeal 30 The equivalent of a commissioner at the

local government level is the A. Executive Chairman B. Secretary

C. Councilor D. Supervisory Councilor

31 The independent National Electoral Commission has the power to prepare and maintain the register of

A. political parties B. constituencies

C. voters D. electoral candidate

32 The President of Nigeria is advised on the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the country by the

A. National Security Council

B. National Defence Council C. Council of State D. Federal Executive Council 33 The Nigerian Youth Movement collapsed

as a result of A. its failure to win election B. shortage of funds to run its affairs C. the harassment of its leadership by

government D. the breakup of its leadership 34 The first restructuring of the Nigerian

federation took place with the A. creation of the Mid-West Region in

1963 B. abolition of federalism in 1966 C. military counter-coup of 1966 D. creation of states in 1967 35 The land Use Decree of 1978 vested the

ownership of land in Nigeria in the A. Local Chiefs B. Local

Government C. State Government D. Federal

Government 36 The main source of financing local

government in Nigeria is A. internal revenue generation B. Statutory Revenue Allocation C. special state grants D. grants-in-aid. 37 The most remarkable legacy of the 1976

Local Government Reform in Nigeria was the introduction of

A. the office of Sole Administrators B. caretaker management committees C. uniformity in structure and function D. the third tier of government 38 The Murtala/Obasanjo regime in Nigeria

increased the number of states from A. 4 to 12 B. 12 to 19 C. 19 to 21 D. 30 to 36.


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39 A major factor that influenced the formation of Nigeria foreign policy in the First Republic was

A. geographical location B. the colonial legacy C. economic consideration D. the parliamentary system 40 Nigeria’s departure from pro-West policy

during the Murtala Muhammed regime was a result of

A. the economic interest of the West in Nigeria

B. Nigeria’s increased international influence

C. the growing trade between Nigeria and the East.

D. Nigeria’s concern for decolonization in Africa.

41 During the Civil War, the major power that expressed moral support for Biafra’s self determination was

A. France B. China

C. the United States D. Great Britain

42 The Barclays Bank and the British Petroleum Company in Nigeria were nationalized in the late 1970s for transacting business with

A. France B. South Africa C. Portugal D. Libya

43 South-South cooperation is a major policy plan on which Nigeria based her relations with

A. developed countries B. countries of the Southern

Hemisphere C. developing countries D. member countries of O.A.U. 44 Nigeria’s recognition of the popular

movement for the liberation of Angola to lead that country was made under

A. General Yakubu Gowon B. General Murtala Muhammed C. General Muhammadu Buhari D. General Ibrahim Babangida 45 The first Nigerian Permanent

Representative to the United Nations was

A. Alhaji Yusuf Maitama Sule B. General Joseph Garba C. Professor Ibrahim Gambari D. Chief Samuel Adebo. 46 In 1981, Nigeria participated in an

organization of African Unity peace-keeping force to replace Libyan forces in

A. Somalia B. Chad C. Ethiopia D. Zaire. 47 Nigeria’s withdrawal from the Edinburgh

Commonwealth Games in July 1986 was in protest against British

A. Support for UNITA rebels in Angola B. supply of arms to Rhodesia C. failure to impose sanction on South

Africa D. negative utterances on Nigeria. 48 The major demand of the Third World

countries on the United Nations in recent times is the

A. expansion of the permanent membership of the Security Council

B. Post of secretary-General of the organization

C. withdrawal of the veto power from the security Council

D. enforcement of resolutions on the superpower.

49 Which of the following is the function of the Council of Ministers of the O.A.U.?

A. Co-coordinating the general policy of the organization

B. Directing the finances of the organization


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C. preparing the agenda of the organization’s meetings.

D. Reviewing the functions and activities of other organs of the organization.

50 The Economic Community of West African States has made impressive progress in the area of

A. free movement of persons and right of residence

B. increased trade among members C. political integration of the region D. providing financial aid to its

members. 2001 Solutions 1. Option C. 2. Option B. 3. Option B. Recall is the process through which the

electorate removes an elected official; vote of no confidence is a process in which the Parliament withdraws its support for the Executive who may be forced to resign; Impeachment is a process in which the Parliament removes an elected official from office.

4. Option C. 5. Option D. In the Parliamentary system, there is no

clear separation of government organs; government can be removed by a vote of no confidence by the Parliament; Parliamentary system may operate either a Bicameral or Unicameral Legislature.

6. Option B. 7. Option A. 8. Option D. The type that can be amended by an

ordinary legislative process is described as flexible; Written Constitution is that

which is contained in a single document; Unwritten Constitution is one in which the fundamental laws, conventions, customs, rules and regulations governing a country are not contained in a single document.

9. Option C. 10. Option D. Separation of Powers – the principle that

no organ of government should perform any two functions at the same time; Collective Responsibility – the entire cabinet receives the credit or blame for any action taken by the Executive.

11. Option C. 12. Option D. A Unicameral Legislature is cheap to

maintain and takes less time to pass bills. 13. Option B. Individual Liberty includes the Rights to

Freedom of Association, Speech, thought.

14. Option C. Delimitation is the division of a country

into electoral districts; rigging is the manipulation of elections to favour particular candidates; devolution is the transfer of powers and functions by the centre to other authorities.

15. Option A. 16. Option A. 17. Option B. It is the view of a cross-section of citizens

on government policies proposed, in progress or already carried out.

18. Option C. 19. Option A. They must support the government of the

day and should not participate in partisan politics.

20. Option D. 21. Option A.


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22. Option C. 23. Option D. There were no individuals who wielded

centralized political authority as in other states.

24. Option C. African returnee soldiers from the war

demystified the superiority of the white men.

25. Option D. The Queen was represented by the

Governor-General; after attaining Republican status in 1963, the ceremonial President became Head of State; the Prime Minister was the Head of Government.

26. Option C. 27. Option D. 28. Option C. The Federal Legislature controlled the

Exclusive list; the Executive and Judiciary are organs of a government.

29. Option A. 30. Option D. The Executive Chairman is equivalent to

the Governor and the Councillor to the member of the State House of Assembly.

31. Option C. 32. Option B. 33. Option D. There was serious internal rivalry among

its leaders. 34. Option A. 35. Option C. 36. Option B. The local government receives this

revenue from the federation account; it collects additional revenue from special state grants and internal revenue generation.

37. Option C. 38. Option B.

The government of Gowon increased the number of states from 4 to 12; that of Babangida from 19 to 21; that of Abacha from 30 to 36.

39. Option B. 40. Option D. Nigeria did not receive any tangible

support from her Western Allies during her time of need i.e., the civil war.

41. Option A. 42. Option B. 43. Option C. The developed countries are mainly in the

Northern Hemisphere; member countries of the OAU are in Africa alone.

44. Option B. 45. Option D. 46. Option B. 47. Option C. Britain was reluctant to impose sanctions

against South Africa because of her apartheid policy as the former had huge economic investment in the latter.

48. Option A. 49. Option C. 50. Option A. UTME 2002 Questions Type: 2 1. The delineation of constituencies is a

major duty of the A. Electoral Commission B. Boundary Commission C. National Assembly D. Political Parties

2. To qualify for absorption into the administrative cadre of the civil service in Nigeria, an applicant must be A a senior civil servant B. specifically trained in public administration C. a holder of a first university degree


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D. knowledgeable in civil service rules 3. The principle of checks and balances

reinforces separation of powers in order to A make the legislature more powerful B. prevent the emergence of

dictatorship C. protect the powers of the executive D. prevent an unconstitutional change

of Government 4. Proportional representation is a system of allocating seats in the legislature based on A. contribution to the national economy

B. total votes in an election C. an area's involvement in politics D. gender participation in politics

5. Delegated legislation becomes unavoidable when

A. issues under consideration are technical B. legislators have to proceed on a recess

C. legislators cannot reach a consensus D. issues under consideration are personal

6. A major issue that distinguishes pressure groups from political parties is

A . the objective B. ideology

C. membership drive D. the voting pattern

7. Citizenship in a modern state expresses the status of a person who possesses

A exclusive economic rights B. full political rights C. some religious rights D. social rights only

8. The structure of the civil service is based on

A. hierarchical organization B. lateral organization

C. merit system D. patronage system

9. Oligarchy is a form of government which A. protects the interest of the common

people B. disregards the views of the minority C. enhances the interest of the ruling

few D. enhances the electoral chances of

the majority 10. A common feature of, a multi-party

system is that government is formed by A. a coalition of political parties B. the party with the highest votes C. the major political party D. all the registered political parties 11. Centralization of power is the basic

feature of A a confederation B. a unitary government C. federalism D. a presidential system 12. A major consequence of proportional

representation is that it A. encourages the proliferation of

parties B. discourages voting along ethnic lines C. reduces the chances of political

instability D. favours the development of a two-

party system 13. Communism is a system which

recognizes A. the existence of the state B. the existence of the individual C. the ability of the individual D. class stratification 14. The application of the principle of

separation of powers seems impracticable because power is

A. fused B. separated C. delegated D. centralized


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15. One major disadvantage of public opinion is that

A. leaders are unnecessarily criticized B. gossip and rumours thrive C. a vocal minority claims to represent

the majority D. the critics of government policies are

always harassed 16. One of the features of a sovereign state

is that it A. practices the presidential system of government B. has the capacity to defend itself from

external aggression C. is not indebted to other countries D. has a large number of soldiers 17. A law passed by the legislature and

assented to by the executive is A a decree B. a legislative order C. an act D. a presidential proclamation 18. A major way of maintaining confidence

in the electoral process is by ensuring that

A. elections are conducted as and when due

B. unlimited franchise is observed C. electoral officers are regularly

trained D. elections are, conducted in a free

and fair atmosphere 19. The final interpretation of the provision

of a federal constitution is vested in the A. highest legislative body B. highest court of the land C. head of state D. Council of State 20. The absence of the rule of law in

government will bring about A. corrupt practices B. political apathy

C. treasonable offences D. human rights abuse 21. One major factor that differentiates the

presidential from the parliamentary system is

A. judicial independence B. party system C. separation of powers D. passage of bills 22. Professor Ibrahim Gambari is the Special

Assistant to the United Nations Secretary General on

A. the Economic Commission of Africa B. security matters C. African affairs D. political and social matters 23. Who among the following served as

Secretary-General of OPEC? A. Aret Adams B. Rilwanu Lukman C. Jibril Aminu D. Dan Etete

24. An attribute that Nigeria shares with most nonaligned countries is

A her large size B. her large population

C. the state of her economy D. her heterogenous population

25. Nigeria's membership of the ECOWAS is informed by her desire to

A. become a sub-regional power B. promote economic integration C. form a sub-regional high command

D. Develop a market in the sub-region 26. Which of these international finance

agencies is Nigeria a member? A. The Paris Club B. The London Club

C. The International Monetary Fund D. The Infrastructure Development Fund

27. Nigerian's active role in the liberation of some countries in Southern Africa earned her

A. the status of a frontline state


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B. recognition as the giant of Africa C. the chairmanship of the Eminent Persons Group D. membership of SADC

28. The impact of the Commonwealth of Nations is felt most in the area of A cultural cooperation B. military cooperation C. economic cooperation D. diplomatic cooperation

29. Which of the following is a founding member of OPEC? A . Indonesia B. Algeria C. Nigeria D. Venezuela

30. The greatest criticism of the Security Council of the UNO is that it A. has exclusive veto power B. has no standing army C. is not representative enough

D. undermines the General Assembly 31. The most active organ of the Economic

Community of West African States is the A. Authority of Heads of State and

Government B. Council of Ministers C. Tribunal of the Community D. Technical and Specialized Commission

32. The United Nations charter is an instrument that

A. provides for funding of member states B. determines the admission of

member states C. sets out the rights and obligations of

member states D. facilitates the resolution of disputes among member states

33. The group of states that conceived the idea of the United Nations Organization included A France, the USA, Canada and Japan

B. the USA, the USSR, the UK and China C. the USSR, Italy, the UK and China D. Italy, the UK, France and Japan

34. Nigeria formally became a federation in A. 1914 B. 1946 C. 1960 D. 1963 35. Legislative control of public corporations

in Nigeria is effected through A. acts of the National Assembly B. bye-laws C. the dissolution of their

managements D. the reorganization of their boards

36. In pre-colonial Igbo society, decisions on public issues were reached mainly through

A. majority votes B. imposition C. consensus D. the oracles

37. The fees collected by local governments at motor parks represent

A. income tax B. user charge C. levies D. fines

38. The first Nigerian constitution to provide for the fundamental objectives and directive principles of state policy was the A. 1960 Constitution B. 1979 Constitution C. 1989 Constitution D. 1999 Constitution

39. Under the 1999 Constitution of Nigeria, the power to create local governments is vested in the.

A. national assembly B. state assembly

C. office of the deputy governor D. presidency 40. The Ibadan Conference of 1950 was

convened to discuss the provisions of the


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A . Clifford Constitution B. Lyttleton Constitution C. Richards Constitution D. Macpherson Constitution

41. The abolition of the state ministries of local governments in 1989 entails that local governments

A. no longer have anything to do with state government

B. are no longer subordinate to state governments

C. have more control over their funds D. are equal to the states

42. The constitution that introduced restricted franchise into Nigerian politics was the

A. Clifford Constitution B. Richards Constitution C. Lyttleton Constitution D. Independence Constitution

43. In Nigeria, the Council of State was first created by A Major-General Aguyi lronsi B. General Yakubu Gowon C. General Murtala Muhammed D. General Olusegun Obasanjo

44. The emirate system of administration can be likened to a

A unitary system of government B. federal system of government C. constitutional monarchy D. confederal system of government

45. The body set up to review the revenue allocation formula in 1980 was the A. Dina Commission B. Adebo Commission C. Udoji Commission D. Okigbo Commission

46. The main duty of the Local Government Service Commission is to

A. conduct elections into local councils B. handle requests for the creation of more local Governments C. supervise and manage the affairs of local governments D. create job opportunities at the local level.

47. The two military coups that toppled civilian regimes in Nigeria were those of A. July 1966 and August 1985 B. January 1966 and December 1983 C. February 1976 and December 1983 D. January 1966 and July 1975.

48. The main function of the Code of Conduct Bureau is to A protect public officers from the press B. ensure accountability in government business C. give the police more powers to make arrests

D. give the judiciary more powers to discipline erring judges.

49. The leading agent in the expansion of British influence in Northern Nigeria in the 1890s was the

A. Royal West African Frontier force B. British Consul in Lagos C. Royal Niger Company D. British Consul in Calabar

50. The main legislative body in Nigeria between 1966 and 1975 was the A. National Security Council B. Provisional Ruling Council C. Armed' Forces Ruling Council D. Supreme Military Ruling Council

2002 Answers 1. Option A. The National Boundary Commission is in

charge of fixing boundaries between


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Nigeria and her neighbours as well as her inter-state boundaries; political parties are to see to the selection of candidates for elections; the National Assembly is to make laws for the peace, law and order of the country.

2. Option C. 3. Option B. 4. Option B. Each party in the election is allocated

seats according to the number of votes it receives expressed as a fraction of the total number of votes cast.

5. Option A. 6. Option A. The main concern of the political party is

to win elections and control the reins of government while that of pressure group is to protect the interests of its members.

7. Option B. 8. Option A. The highest class in the Civil Service is the

administrative class, followed by the professional class, after which comes the Executive/Technical class, then the clerical class and finally the auxiliary class.

9. Option C. All the other options are attributes of

democracy. 10. Option A. A major political party forms the

government if it can secure two-thirds majority seats in the Parliament; a party with the highest number of votes may still not be able to form the government if it fails to satisfy some other criteria; it may not be possible for all the registered political parties to form the government.

11. Option B. Powers are decentralized in federalism

and confederalism; in a presidential

system, powers may be centralized or decentralized.

12. Option A. All political parties are represented in the

legislature as the votes scored by each party in the election determine its number of representatives.

13. Option B. Communism emphasizes a classless

society and the withering away of the state as well as the contribution of the individual to the economy according to his ability.

14. Option A. 15. Option C. 16. Option B. A sovereign state may practise the

presidential or any other system; it may be indebted to other countries; it may have a large or small army.

17. Option C. A decree is a law passed by a military

government; a presidential proclamation is made by the president alone while a legislative order has no touch of the executive.

18. Option D. 19. Option B. The highest legislative body in Great

Britain – (a unitary state), the House of Lords is the highest court of appeal; the Head of State is not in any way connected with interpretation of the law; same with the Council of States which is an advisory body to the executive President.

20. Option D. Political apathy occurs when the people

lose confidence in the political system; corrupt practices occur when there is no accountability on the part of the leaders; treasonable offences arise when a


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person/group of persons attempts to bring the government of his country down.

21. Option C. All other options can be found in the two

systems. 22. Option C. 23. Option B. Aret Adams once served as the Group

Managing Director of the NNPC, and Dan Etete as Minister of Petroleum and Energy and Jibril Aminu as Minister of Education.

24. Option C. Non-aligned countries are of different

territorial and population sizes and only a few of them have heterogeneous populations.

25. Option B. 26. Option C. Nigeria was for many years indebted to

the Paris and London Clubs but not a member of any of the other three options.

27. Option A. Nigeria, along with other frontlines states

– Zambia, Tanzania, Botswana, were targets of military attacks by South African racist regime.

28. Option A. 29. Option D. All the other options joined the

organization at different times. 30. Option C. It has had to rely on military contingents

contributed by major powers to effect its resolutions – on erring countries.

31. Option B. It meets twice a year to review the

activities of the ECOWAS and coordinate the Technical and Specialized Commissions.

32. Option C. The major reason for establishing the

UNO is to prevent the outbreak of another global war through the maintenance of world peace

33. Option B. Other countries mentioned in the

options later joined after the establishment of the organization.

34. Option B. Amalgamation of the Northern and

Southern Protectorates took place in 1914; Nigeria was divided into three regions in 1946 while the country became a Republic in 1963.

35. Option A. 36. Option C. Every adult male belonged to the Village

Assembly and was allowed to air his views on any matter; there was no voting and neither was any decision imposed.

37. Option B. Income tax was collected from all adult

males; fines from those who contravene byelaws and levies were imposed on the general populace within the local government area.

38. Option B. 39. Option B. 40. Option C. The conference was summoned to

consider the outcome of the consultations held with a cross-section of Nigerians over the new constitution due to be introduced in 1951; Conference was convened to review the highly criticized Richard’s Constitution of 1946; Lytteton Constitution was to come in 1954 after Macpherson while Clifford Constitution was introduced in 1922 and was replaced by Richard’s Constitution.

41. Option C.


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The move brought presidential system to the local governments with the chairman becoming the accounting officer.

42. Option A. 43. Option C. There was nothing like that in the

regimes of Ironsi and Gowon; Obasanjo made use of the structure he inherited from his predecessor.

44. Option B. 45. Option D. Dina Commission was set up in 1968,

Adebo Commission in 1982 and Udoji Commission in 1974.

46. Option C. 47. Option B. The July 1966 coup toppled the military

government of Ironsi that of August 1985 removed the Buhari government; February 1976 killed General Muhammed while that of July 1975 overthrew General Gowon’s government.

48. Option B. It is to ensure that Civil servants and

holders of public offices account for the property they have during their stay in government.

49. Option C. Much of the North was colonized

through force using the WAFF; activities of the other options mentioned were limited to the South.

50. Option D. UTME 2003 Questions Type: 9 1. In the parliamentary system, the

functions of the head of state and the head of government are vested in

A. the inner cabinet B. an individual

C. two different individuals D. the ministerial council 2. Government by the wealthy is known as A. plutocracy B. oligarchy C. aristocracy D. democracy. 3. A collegial executive is a government in

which power is vested with the A. president B. monarch C. committee D. parliament 4. The unrestrained power of the state over

its citizens is underlined by A sovereignty B. nationalism C. self-determination D. patriotism 5. Removal by impeachment applies to the

position of a A president B. chief judge C. prime minister D. cabinet minister 6. One of the duties of the legislature is to A implement laws B. adjudicate disputes C. promulgate decrees D. exercise oversight 7. The independence of the judiciary can be

undermined through the A. politicization of the appointment of

judges B. appointment of the minister of

justice as the Attorney-General C. confirmation of the appointment of

judges by the legislature. D. payment of salaries of judicial

officers by government 8. A common feature of government is A. the separation of powers B. the making of public policy. C. the independence of the judiciary D. a written constitution 9. The best form of government for a

heterogeneous society is a A. quasi-federal system B. federal system


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C. confederal system D. unitary system

10. Capitalism is a system of economic organization based on

A. a mixed economy that takes all interest into consideration

B. individual ownership of the means of production C. very fair distribution of the means of production D. trading among people who own and

control their items of trade 11. The Police Force belongs to which arm of

Government? A. Legislative B. Judicial C. Executive D. Military. 12. Associations whose main interest is to

influence public policies without having to capture power are A. communal groups. B. trade unions C. political parties D. pressure groups

13. Constitutional disputes in states with written constitutions are resolved by the

A. ombudsman B. judiciary C. electorate D. legislature 14. The citizenship of a country could be

acquired through A. parliamentary legislation B. birth and naturalization C. registration and arbitration D. presidential proclamation 15. Public opinion becomes politically

relevant when it A. criticizes people in power B. influences the decisions of

government C. aggregates views and interests D. is in support of government 16. Socialism is a mode of production based

on A. state ownership of the means of

production.

B. collective ownership of the means of production

C. national ownership of the means of production

D. mixed ownership of the means of production

17. The civil service embraces all workers in A. all private corporations B. public and private companies C. government ministries D. public corporations 18. A meeting of the legislature is usually

brought to an end with A. a dissolution B. an adjournment C. suspension D. a prorogation 19. What distinguishes a political party from

other social institutions is the desire to A. influence the international

community on local issues. B. promote the interest of party

members C. win elections and form a

government D. influence government policies in

certain directions 20. The Operation of the rule of law is

undermined by the A. unfriendly attitude to pressure

groups. B. existence of administrative tribunals

and special immunities C. conspiracy by the two houses of the

legislature to impeach the president D. inability of the press to discharge its

responsibilities 21. The type of government operated in

Nigeria between October 1st 1979 and December 31st 1983 is called a

A. collegial system of government B. presidential system of government C. unitary system of government D. parliamentary system of government


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22. The Arthur Richards Constitution was designed to last for

A. nine years B. five years C. twelve years D. six years 23. In the pre-colonial Igbo society, the

maintenance of peace and order was the function of the A. assembly of ezes.

B. clan elders C. age-grades D. assembly of title holders 24. The smooth operation of the civil service

in Nigeria is mostly hampered by A. inadequate training of personnel. B. corruption and inefficiency C. debt burden and redundancy D. poor infrastructure 25. The Eastern and Western regions of

Nigeria achieved the status of self-government in

A. 1959 B. 1957 C. 1950 D. 1955 26. One of the legacies of pre-colonial

Nigeria destroyed by the British was the A. peace and harmony in the land. B. indigenous cultures of the people C. education of the local people D. nation's farmlands 27. The 1979 Constitution established the A. National Human Rights Commission B. National Population Commission C. Federal Road Safety Commission D. Federal Civil Defence Corps 28. The expenditure of public funds by the

executive in Nigeria is controlled by the A. Judiciary B. Ministry of Finance C. Legislature D. President 29. The most important challenge facing the

Fourth Republic is A. the need to develop Nigeria

culturally B. the successful conduct of the 2003

elections

C. how to develop Nigeria's social institutions

D. how to deal with the military 30. The Bureau for Public Enterprises is

charged with the responsibility for A. privatization and commercialization B. generating revenue C. eradicating poverty. D. providing employment oppol1unities 31. Financial allocation to local governments

by the federal or the state government to supplement the cost of a project is called

A. revenue allocation B. reimbursement C. statutory allocation D. matching grant 32. A problem of Nigerian federalism that

was resolved by the Supreme Court between the federal government and the littoral states centred on resource

A. maximization B. generation C. derivation D. control 33. The military head-of state during the

Third Republic was A. General Olusegun Obasanjo B. General Ibrahim Babangida C. General Murtala Mohammed D. General Sani Abacha. 34. In the first Republic, politics in the

Northern region was dominated by the A. NEPU B. UMBC C. NCNC D. NPC 35. One of the reasons advanced for the

overthrow of the Gowon Regime was its failure to

A. honour the promise to hand over power

B. promote some officers of the armed forces.

C. try politicians in detention D. create new states


16

36. The 1976 Reforms have been most beneficial to the

A. Nigeria Police. B. federal government C. local government D. civil service 37. The dispute between Nigeria and

Cameroun is over A. trade B. exploration rights C. territory D. fishing rights 38. Nigeria's influence in OPEC is determined

by the A. volume of her oil reserve B. sizes of her refineries C. accessibility of her oil field D. low sulphur content of her crude 39. The activities of Nigeria in the

international community are primarily influenced by

A. propaganda B. national interest C. military power D. diplomacy 40. Nigeria's relations with Britain were at a

very low ebb under the A. Shagari Regime B. Buhari Regime C. Gowon Regime D. Babangida Regime 41. Nigeria's high standing in the UN General

Assembly is underscored by her A. military strength B. successes in UN elective offices C. contribution to global peace D. financial contributions 42. Nigeria's Non-Alignment Policy is

constrained by her A. strong ties with Western powers B. membership of the ECOWAS C. Afrocentric posture D. membership of the .UNO 43. The main constraint on Nigeria-

Francophone West African cooperation is A. cultural difference

B. ideological difference C. economic dependence D. poor road network 44. The majority of the OPEC members are

from A. Latin America B. the Middle East C. Asia D. African 45. The non-British colony which is a

member of the Common Wealth is A. Rwanda B. Guinea-Bissau C. Mozambique D. Eritrea 46. The major problem of the ECOWAS is

lack of A. a common currency. B. commitment by members C. uniform ideology D. a common customs union 47. The ECOWAS Treaty was reviewed in

1991 to A. accommodate the interest of France B. make it responsive to new challenges C. accommodate extra sub-regional

interests D. mobilize ECOMOG 48. The headquarters of the International

Court of Justice is in A. Washington.D.C B. Paris C. London D. The Hague 49. The independent African countries that

signed the OAU Charter on May 25, 1963 were

A. Togo and Sierra Leone. B. Morocco and Angola C. Togo and Morocco D. Chad and Gambia 50. The tenure of the President of the UN

Security Council is A. two years B. one month C. six months D. one year 2003 Solutions 1. Option C.


17

The functions of the Head of State are vested in either the constitutional Monarch or President while those of Head of Government are given to the Prime Minister.

2. Option A. Oligarchy is a government run by a few

people for their own interests; Aristocracy is government by the nobles; Democracy is the government by the entire citizens through their representatives.

3. Option C. When power is vested in a President, the

system is called Presidentialism; when it is vested in a Monarch, it is called an Absolute Monarchy; when vested in the Parliament, it is called Cabinet or Parliamentary system.

4. Option A. 5. Option A. 6. Option D. It is the Executive that implements laws

while the Judiciary adjudicates disputes. A Military government promulgates decrees.

7. Option A. 8. Option B. 9. Option B. A military system is suitable for small,

homogenous communities; a Confederal system is only suitable to autonomous states wishing to form a loose union to tackle common problems.

10. Option B. 11. Option C. 12. Option D. The main objective of political parties is

to capture political power; communal groups and trade unions are examples of pressure groups.

13. Option B.

The electorate vote to elect public office holders of their choice; the legislature makes laws; the ombudsman investigates complaints of injustice, corruption, unfair treatment and abuse of office against public officers.

14. Option B. 15. Option B. 16. Option B. 17. Option C. 18. Option B. An adjournment is the postponement of

debate on an issue; dissolution is the official termination of the tenure of the legislature.

19. Option C. It is the government that influences the

international community on local issues; pressure groups influence government policies on certain directions.

20. Option B. 21. Option B. Executive and Ceremonial functions were

fused and performed by one person called the Executive President.

22. Option A. 23. Option C. 24. Option B. 25. Option B. 26. Option B. 27. Option B. 28. Option C. All moneys to be spent must first be

approved by the Legislature; the President is part of the Executive; the Ministry of Finance is part of the Presidency.

29. Option B. 30. Option A. The government wants to divest its

investment from public enterprises and


18

channel it to the provision of social services to the people.

31. Option D. Revenue Allocation is the statutory

revenue allocation to local governments by Federal or State government; reimbursement is the money given to a local government by the Federal or State government in respect of certain money earlier spent.

32. Option D. 33. Option B. General Obasanjo mid-wifed the Second

Republic; General Abacha began the transition to the Fourth Republic; General Murtala Mohammed preceded Obasanjo in office.

34. Option D. NCNC dominated politics in the Eastern

Region; the UMBC and NEPU were minority parties in the North.

35. Option A. 36. Option C. 37. Option C. The dispute is over the Bakassi Peninsula,

a region that is rich in mineral oil. 38. Option A. 39. Option B. 40. Option B. This was as a result of the botched

extradition of Alhaji Umaru Dikko who served under the Shagari government.

41. Option C. 42. Option A. Nigeria’s membership of ECOWAS and

her Afrocentric posture are compatible with her non-alignment policy; her membership of the UNO has not got anything to do with her non-alignment policy.

43. Option A. 44. Option B.

45. Option C. 46. Option B. This is a major barrier against free trade

in terms of common payment. 47. Option B. 48. Option D. 49. Option D. 50. Option B. UTME 2004 Questions Type: 4 1. Nigeria's support for the South-South

Cooperation is based on her desire to. A. assert her leadership role in Africa. B. promote her non-aligned policy. C. promote economic understanding in

the Third World D. counter the political and military

domination by major powers 2. The permanent members of the Security

Council of the United Nations are A. Germany, France, Poland, Hungary

and China B. Britain, Japan; Australia, Germany

and the United States C. the United States, Russia, France,

Britain and China D. the United States, Russia, France,

Britain and Japan. 3. The one-time president of the United

Nations General Assembly was A. Joseph Garba B. Ibrahim- Gambari C. Arthur Mbanefa. D. Maitama Sule 4. The countries in which Nigeria

participated in the ECOMOG peace-keeping operations were

A. Sierra Leone and Cote d' Ivoire B. Liberia and Sierra Leone. C. Liberia and Guinea D. Senegal and Cote d.' Ivaire


19

5. With the admission of Asian and African Countries to the Commonwealth, the Queen of England became the

A. patron of the Commonwealth B. head of state of these countries C. chairperson of the Common wealth D. head of government of these

countries 6. Nigeria's relation with black political

communities outside Africa is built an A. shared political aspirations B. expectations of political support

from them. C. economic considerations D. perceived cultural .affinities 7. The Lagos Treaty of May 28th 1975 led to

the formation of the A. African Economic Summit. B. Lagos Plan of Action C. Economic Community of West

African States D. Economic Commission for Africa 8. The leaders who spearheaded the

transformation of the Organization of African Unity into the African Union are from

A. Nigeria. Liberia and Kenya B. Algeria, Libya and Morocco. C. South Africa, Libya and Zambia D. Nigeria, Libya and South Africa 9. A major problem of the defunct

Organization of African Unity was A. language barrier B. inadequate resources C. cultural diversity D. ideological differences. 10. The current Executive Secretary of the

ECOWAS is A. Mohammed Ibn Chambers B. Lansana Kouyate C. Abbas Bundu. D. Abubakar Qattara

11. A specialized agency of the United Nations Organization is the

A. International Court of Justice. B. International Olympic Committee. C. General Assembly D. World Health Organization 12. The responsibility for admitting new

members to the OPEC rests with the A. Summit B. Secretariat

C. Conference D. Board of Governors

13. Nigeria demonstrated her commitment to the policy of non-alignment during the regime of

A. Ibrahim Babangida. B. Muhammed Buhari C. Johnson Aguiyi-lronsi D. Murtala Muhammed 14. The two chambers of elected national

representatives in Nigeria are called A. the National Assembly. B. House of Assembly C. the Senate D. the Parliament. 15. The pre-colonial Yoruba political system

as a whole can best be described as a A. federation of chiefdoms and

localities B. confederation of chiefdoms and

localities. C. confederation of monarchies and

chiefdoms D. highly centralized kingdom 16. A common feature of the earlier political

parties in Nigeria was that they A. were formed by the government B. started as socio-cultural

organizations C. were backed by the colonialists. D. were non-elitist in nature 17. A distinguishing feature of the 1979

Constitution was the


20

A. introduction of a federal structure. B. introduction of unicameralism into

Nigeria C. departure from the parliamentary to

the presidential system D. preservation and entrenchment of

republicanism 18. The Native Authority system was mast

effective and successful in A. Eastern Nigeria. B. Northern Nigeria C. Mid-Western Nigeria D. Western Nigeria 19. Judicial administration in respect of

national code of conduct lies with the A. Public Complaints Commission B. Judicial Service Commission C. Code of Conduct Bureau. D. Code of Conduct Tribunal 20. The process of nationalism was

accelerated by A. the signing of the Atlantic Charter B. improvement in warfare tactics C. rapid economic development D. the coming of Christian missionaries 21. Under the 1999 Constitution, the power

to declare war is vested in the A. National Security Council. B. legislature C. executive D. National Council of States 22. The major motivation for British

colonization of Nigeria was to A. westernize Nigerians B. spread religion C. protect Nigeria from external attack D. satisfy British economic interests. 23. Laws made by state governments are

known as A. bye-laws. B. decrees C edicts D. acts 24. The first franchise in the history of the

democratic process is

A. property franchise. B. universal franchise C. male franchise D. female franchise 25. The principle of separation of powers

was made popular by A. Thomas Hobbes B. John Locke C. Niccolo Machiavelli D. Baron de Montesquieu 26. An interest group that admits members

and conducts its affairs according to stated rules is described as

A. organizational B. associational C. non-associational D. institutional

27. Delegated legislation refers to the laws made by

A. non-legislative bodies B. the legislature C. military governments D. civilian governments 28. A major influence on the formulation of

public opinion is A. the family B. the mass media. C. public journals D. peer groups 29. The law of libel limits a citizen's right to

freedom of A. movement B. association C. expression. D. worship 30. The highest grade in the civil service is

known as the A. administrative cadre B. executive cadre C. clerical cadre. D. technical cadre 31. The fundamental assumption on which

the idea of the rule of law is based is A. supremacy of the constitution B. rationality of human beings C. equality of human beings D. love for social justice 32. In a unitary system of government,


21

power is concentrated at the centre A. with devolution B. without residual functions C. without devolution D. with residual functions. 33. In a parliamentary system of

government, a vote of no confidence leads to the resignation of

A. an individual minister B. the entire parliament C. the prime minister. D. the entire cabinet 34. In a confederation, the constituency that

a member of legislature represents is a A. nation-state B. region C. senatorial district D. parliamentary constituency 35. The agent through which the state

undertakes political socialization is the A. pressure group. B. peer group C. family D. school 36. The economic basis of feudalism is A. trade B. capital C. agriculture D. slavery 37. Unicameral legislature is a common

feature of A. unitarism B. federalism. C. presidentialism D. parliamentarism 38. In a constitutional monarchy, the

authority to remove the head of state is exercised by the

A. head of government B. cabinet C. prime minister D. legislature 39. The creation of a classless society is the

ultimate aim of A. fascism B. socialism C. communism D. capitalism 40. In a presidential system of government,

the president checks the legislature through

(A) executive review

(B) executive order (C) exercise of veto (D) legislative order. 41. One of the sources of a constitution is A. common law B. corporate law C. statutory law. D. constitutional law 42. Independence of the judiciary is

pertinent because it accords the judiciary the power to

A. dismiss any judge who has breached the judicial code of conduct.

B. determine a fixed salary for judges C. determine a fixed term of office for

the judges D. enable the judges to try and decide

cases without bias 43. In a democracy, sovereign authority is

exercised by the A. legislature B. people C. executive D. electorate 44. The Second Republic, the ruling National

Party of Nigeria form an alliance with the A. Great Nigeria People's Party B. Nigeria Advance Party. C. Unity Party of Nigeria D. Nigeria People's Party 45. Government owned companies

operating in the economic sector are referred to as

A. public investments B. public services. C. public enterprises D. public utilities 46. The body responsible for running the

personnel affairs of senior local government staff in Nigeria is the

A. Local Government Service Commission.

B. Local Government council C. State Civil Service Commission


22

D. Senior Staff Committee 47. The 1976 Local Government Reforms in

Nigeria transformed the relationship between states and local governments into one of

A. equality B. master and servant C. subordination D. partnership and cooperation 48. The difference between commercialized

and privatized companies is that in the former.

A. public ownership is dominant. B. government subsidizes costs. C. profit motive is recessive. D. private ownership is dominant. 49. The immediate cause of the January 15

1966 military coup in Nigeria was the A. crisis aver the population census. B. election crisis the Western Region C. Kano Riots D. Tiv Riots 50. The relationship between the tiers of

government in Nigeria can be described as one of

A. coordinate and independent jurisdiction

B. voluntary subordination C. superior-subordinate co-existence D. independent co-existence. 2004 Answers 1. Option C. Nigeria’s aim is to foster multilateral

economic relations with other Third World Countries.

2. Option D. 3. Option A. Professor Ibrahim Gambari was, at

different times, Minister for External Affairs and like Alhaji Maitama Sule, Permanent Representative at the United Nations.

4. Option B. The peace-keeping operations took place

first in Liberia and later Sierra-Leone. 5. Option A. 6. Option D. 7. Option C. 8. Option D. 9. Option B. Some of the countries were Capitalist

oriented; others adopted Socialism while others practised Mixed Economy.

10. Option A. Qattara was the founding Secretary

followed by Bundu and then Kouyate. 11. Option D. The I.C.J. is the judicial organ of the

organization; the General Assembly is the central organ; the I.O.C. is neither an organ nor specialized agency of the U.N.O.

12. Option C. 13. Option D. Nigeria departed in practice from her

pro-West policy and adopted Africa as the centre-piece of her foreign policy.

14. Option A. It is made up of the Senate and the

Federal House of Representatives; the Legislative organ of a state is called the House of Assembly; the Parliament is another common/general name for Legislature.

15. Option c. 16. Option B. The NCNC began as the Igbo State Union,

the Egbe Omo Oduduwa transformed into the AG while the NPC started as the Jamiyyar Arewa Mutanen.

17. Option C. 18. Option B. The system was partially successful in

Western Nigeria and was a woeful failure


23

in the East; there was no Mid-Western Region at that time.

19. Option D. 20. Option A. The Charter had upheld the right of every

group of people to determine the type of government most suitable to them.

21. Option C. Such a declaration must be with the

approval of the legislature; National Council of States advises the Head of Government on social, political affairs affecting the country; the National Security Council advises the Presidency on matters bothering the security of lives and property of citizens.

22. Option D. Britain needed the abundant raw

materials of Nigeria for her home industries and Nigeria would also serve as a ready market for the finished products of Britain.

23. Option C. Local governments make byelaws;

decrees and edicts are made by Federal and State governments respectively under a military administration.

24. Option A. It was followed by male franchise and

finally by universal franchise; female franchise has not existed anywhere.

25. Option D. Thomas Hobbes and Machiavelli were

against Separation of Powers; Locke was one of the first supporters.

26. Option B. 27. Option A. Delegated Legislation helps to lessen the

burden of the legislature and usually takes place in Civilian governments.

28. Option B. 29. Option C.

The right to freedom of movement is limited by state of emergency; that of religion by the admission of a religion as the official state religion and that of association by banning certain associations and organizations.

30. Option A. It is followed by the Technical/

Professional Cadre and then Executive Cadre and lastly the Clerical Cadre.

31. Option C. 32. Option A. 33. Option D. The Prime Minister and all his Ministers

resign; the Parliament continues. 34. Option A. 35. Option D. 36. Option C. 37. Option A. Bicameralism is a common feature of

Federalism; either unicameralism or bicameralism can be a characteristic of Parliamentary system or Presidentialism.

38. Option D. The Head of State can remove the Prime

Minister; when that happens, the entire cabinet resigns.

39. Option B. The aim of Fascism is the supremacy of

state interests over individual liberty; Capitalism is the ownership of the means of production and distribution by private individuals; Socialism involves the control of the means of production and distribution by the state.

40. Option D. 41. Option A. 42. Option D. 43. Option C. This is done through the elected public

office holders including the executive and legislature.


24

44. Option D. 45. Option C. 46. Option A. Personnel Affairs of junior local

government staff is handled by each Local Government Council; the State Civil Service Commission is in charge of personnel affairs of junior and senior staff of each state.

47. Option D. 48. Option A. 49. Option B. The Kano and Tiv Riots had taken place

earlier than 1966. 50. Option A. UTME 2005 Questions Type: W 1. The power to exercise overall control of

the executive functions of ECOWAS is vested in the

A. Authority of Heads of state and Government

B. Secretary-General. C. Council of Ministers D. Technical and Special Commissions 2. Nigeria supports the South-South

cooperation as a foreign policy objective for mutual understanding among

A. nations south of the equator. B. sub-Saharan African countries C. developing countries D. Asian and sub-Saharan African

countries 3. Nigeria is rated in the Organization of

Petroleum Exporting Countries as the A. seventh largest oil producer. B. sixth largest oil producer C. third largest oil producer D. fifth largest oil producer 4. The Nigeria-Cameroun crisis over the

Bakassi peninsula occurred owing to the interpretation of the treaty of 1913 and the

A. resolution of the OAU B. Maroua Accord C. decision of the ECOWAS Tribunal D. decision of the International Court of

Justice 5. A major achievement of the OAU was the A. eradication of poverty B. establishment of democracy in

Africa. C. decolonization of Africa D. promotion of development 6. An indication that Africa is still the

centre-piece of Nigeria's foreign policy was the creation of the

A. Ministry of Integration and Cooperation in Africa

B. Nigeria Institute of Policy and Strategic Studies

C. Ministry of Foreign Affairs. D. Nigerian Institute of International

Affairs 7. Which of the following served as the

Secretary-General of the United Nations? A. Ibrahim Gambari B. Javier Perez de Cuellar. C. Joseph Garba. D. Mohanned EI-Baradai 8. One of the organizational weaknesses of

the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries is its inability to

A. monitor global oil consumption. B. assist poor countries C. punish erring members D. collect membership dues promptly 9. A Security Council resolution requires the

concurrence of A. 1 of the 5 permanent members B. all of the 5 permanent members C. 9 of the 15 council members.


25

D. 3 of the 5 permanent members 10. Under the umbrella of the OAU, Nigeria

mediated in the dispute between A. Tunisia and Morocco B. Zimbabwe and Tanzania. C. Kenya and Somalia D. Ethiopia and Somalia 11. The atomic bomb test carried out around

the Sahara Desert made Nigeria severe relations with

A. the United States B. France C. Germany D. Canada 12. A member of the Commonwealth that

still recognizes the British Monarch as its Head of State is

A. Singapore B. Ghana C. India D. Australia 13. Nigeria's voting at the United Nations is

guided primarily by A. her concern for Africa B. her national interests C. the cold war D. world peace 14. The political party formed in 1923 by

Herbert Macaulay was A. Nigerian Youth Movement B. National Council of Nigeria and the

Cameroons. C. United National Independent party D. Nigerian National Democratic Party 15. The first federal constitution in Nigeria

was the A. Lyttleton Constitution B. Independence Constitution C. Macpherson Constitution D. Clifford Constitution 16. Under the emirate system, legislative

functions were performed by the A. Khadi B. Ulama C. Hakimi D. Emir 17. The commission established to handle

the electoral activities in the Second Republic of Nigeria was

A. FEDECO B. NEC C. INEC D. NECON 18. A distinctive feature of the Richards

Constitution was it provision for A. unofficial members in the Legislative

Council B. a Legislative Council for the whole of

Nigeria C. the establishment of local councils. D. official members in the Legislative

Council 19. The failure of the assimilation policy

necessitated the introduction of A. direct rule B. indirect rule C. paternalism. D. association 20. The head of the Nigerian judiciary is the A. Solicitor-General of the Federation B. President of the Court of Appeal C. Chief Justice of the Federation D. Attorney-General and Minister of

Justice 21. In the First Republic, the official

opposition party was the A. Action Group B. Northern People's Congress C. Northern Elements Progressive

Union D. National Council of Nigeria and the

Cameroons 22. Under the 1999 Constitution, the

appointment of ministers and ambassadors must be ratified by the

A. National Council of States. B. Presidency C. Senate D. House of Representatives 23. In Nigeria, promotion of judges is the

responsibility of the A. Judicial Service Commission B. Chief Justice of the Federation. C. Attorney-General and Minister of

Justice


26

D. Council of Legal Education 24. The legislature in Nigeria under the 1999

Constitution is composed of A. 108 senators and 350 members of

the House of Representatives B. 109 senators and 350 members of

the House of Representatives C. 100 senators and 250 members of

the House of Representatives D. 109 senators and 360 members of

the House of Representatives 25. The pre-colonial Tiv society can best be

described as A. republican B. aristocratic C. feudalistic. D. monarchical 26. A major function of the State

Independent Electoral Commissions in Nigeria is the

A. registration of political parties B. conduct of elections into local

government offices C. conduct of gubernatorial elections D. delineation of electoral

constituencies 27. The principle of checks and balances

empowers the judiciary to A. invalidate the actions of the other

arms B. administer the criminal justice

system C. abrogate the law. D. apply the law 28. In a first-past-the-post electoral system,

a candidate is declared elected when he A. records the highest number of the

votes cast B. obtains a two-thirds majority of the

votes cast C. obtains one-third of the votes cast D. scores the aggregate of the

opponents' votes. 29. The major function of the civil service is

A. providing relevant Information on government

B. keeping records of the activities of government

C. promoting the interest of civil servants

D. advising government and implementing its Policies

30. The pressure group that resort to unconventional methods to achieve its objective is called

A. anomic group B. institutional group C. promotional group D. interest group 31. Citizenship acquired through marriage is

referred to as A. honorary B. naturalization C. nationalization. D. registration 32. The method used to determine the

possible outcome of an electoral contest is

A. press review B. plebiscite C. opinion poll D. referendum 33. On the basis of its structure, a political

party can be classified as indirect if A. its membership is acquired through

other groups B. it contests elections by proxy C. it campaigns for votes through

agents D. it controls government indirectly. 34. The final stage in the process of enacting

legislation is A. final reading B. assent C. notification D. guillotine 35. How does the president relieve a

minister of his appointment in a presidential system of government?

A. In consultation with the legislature. B. After serving a full tenure C. In consultation with the judiciary


27

D. By unilateral action 36. The study of government essentially

facilitates the understanding of the A. functioning of the entire social

formation B. organization of the executive arm of

government C. governance of human societies D. observance of fundamental human

rights. 37. In judicia1 administration, the term the

bench refers to the A. registrars. B. judges C. lawyers D. litigants 38. Serfs are the dominated class under A. capitalism B. socialism C. fascism D. feudalism 39. The ultimate authority in a state is A. sovereignty B. power C. influence D. legitimacy 40. One of the foremost theorists of

federalism was A. Baron de Montesquieu B. Karl Marx C. K. C. Wheare D. A. V.Dicey 41. A major flaw in a liberal democracy is A. the limitation of the freedom of

expression B. its emphasis on political rights over

economic rights C. that it promotes political instability D. its emphasis on collective ownership. 42. An unwritten constitutions is A. entirely based on case laws B. completely sourced from

parliamentary law C. partially written, and based on

convention D. completely unwritten and based on

convention. 43. The most important aspect of political

participation in a democracy is A. voting in elections' B. attending political rallies C. the observance of electoral

processes D. registration with a political party. 44. An elected legislator in a presidential

system can lose his seat by A. a vote of no confidence B. impeachment C. cross-carpeting D. recall 45. Under a parliamentary system of

government, the cabinet holds office at the pleasure of the

A. opposition B. electorate C. head of state. D. legislature 46. A non-monarchical state can best be

described as a A. republic B. confederation C. nation D. federation 47. The first successful disengagement of the

military from politics in Nigeria was carried out by the government of

A. Abdulsalami Abubakar B. Murtala/Obasanjo C. Buhari/Idiagbon D. Ibrahim Babangida. 48. During the Second Republic, the Great

Nigeria People's Party won the governorship election in

A. Sokoto and Bauchi States. B. Borno and Gongola States C. Borno and Kaduna States D. Gongola and Sokoto States 49. In the present local government

structure, traditional rulers play A. an advisory role B. an executive role C. a judicial role D. a legislative role 50. In the local government administration,


28

“Chief and Council” implies that A. the council operates independently

of the chief’s authority. B. members of the local council appoint

the chief to office. C. all members of the local council are

anointed and controlled by the chief. D. the chief is a member of the local

council but the does not exercise veto power.

2005 Answers 1. A All other bodies mentioned are subject

to- the control of the Authority of Heads of State and Government.

2. C. The South – South cooperation includes

all countries in Africa, Latin American as well as most of Asia

3. B. 4. B. The Aburi Accord was part of the causes

of the crisis. 5. C. One of the major aims of the OAU as

contained in its charter was the decolonization of the entire continent, which had been fully achieved.

6. A. The Ministry of integration and

cooperation in Africa focuses mainly on the promotion of unity and strengthening of bilateral and multilateral relations among Africa countries particularly Nigeria.

7. B. Both Ibrahim Gambari and late Maj. Gen.

Joe Garba (Rtd) served as Nigerian’s Minister of Foreign Affairs and later Nigerian’s Permanent Representative at UNO.

8. C. 9. B. Refusal of just one of the five permanent

members renders any resolution of the Council invalid.

10. D. Up till now, there has never been any

dispute between Tunisia and Morocco, Zimbabwe and Tanzania or Kenya and Somalia.

11. B. Nigerian has never cut relations with any

other advanced country of the world apart from France.

12. D. All the other options are republics, which

are ruled by their own citizens. 13. B. Although Africa is the centre – piece of

Nigerian’s foreign policy since the end of the civil war, her voting at the United Nations is guided primarily by her national interests.

14. D. NYM was established in 1936, NCNC in

1944 and UNIP in 1953. 15. A. Under the Clifford and Macpherson

constitutions, Nigeria was still operating a unitary constitution while the 1960 independence constitution was the second one having introduced a few amendments to the Lyttleton constitution of 1954.

16. D. The emir performed both executive and

legislative functions leaving only the judicial ones to the Khadi.

17. A. NEC was the electoral body that was to

midwife the aborted their Republic in the


29

Babangida Regime, NECO under Abacha and INEC – the current one.

18. B. Before the introduction of the

constitution, the colonial Governor made laws for the Northern protectorate by proclamation while the legislative Assembly made laws, for the South.

19. D. The policies of assimilation were used in

the French West African Colonies while indirect Rule was adopted min the British controlled territories while paternalism was in operation in the Portuguese colonies

20. C. The attorney-General and Minister of

Justice, the Chief Law Offic0er of the Federation is a member of- the Executive and servers as the link between that body and the judiciary, the solicitor-General of the Federation is the Permanent Secretary of the Federal Ministry of Justice while the president of the Federal Court of Appeal is Junior to the Chief Justice.

21. A. The NPC formed a collation with the

NCNC to control the federal Government. 22. C. The Presidency nominates persons for

appointment as ministers and ambassadors but the names must be approved by the Senate – the Upper chamber of the National Assembly; the National Council of states and the House of representatives have nothing to do with this.

23. A. 24. D. Three senators represent each of the

thirty-six states of the federation while

the FCT has one. Representation in the Federal House of Representatives is based on the population of each state.

25. A. 26. B All other functions listed are the duties of

the Federal government controlled Electoral Commission

27. A. 28. A. The absolute majority system holds

where a candidate wins an election after obtaining a 2/3 majority of the votes; there is no electoral system that stipulates that a candidate wins only after obtaining 1/3 of the votes cast or the aggregate of the opponents; votes.

29. D. 30. A. Anomic pressure groups use violence,

demonstrations, arson, assassination, kidnapping etc to achieve their aims and objectives.

31. D. An alien acquires the citizenship of a

country through naturalization while a person may be given the honorary citizenship of a country different from list own in recognition of some, past achievement; nationalization as the process by which a country takes over certain companies owned by citizens of another country.

32. C. A plebiscite or referendum is an election

conducted to determine the opinion of the majority of the people of a country on a crucial policy of the government.

33. A. An example of this was the NCNC, which

for many years after its establishment


30

admitted members only through its affiliated bodies.

34. B. The third of final stage of a bill in a

legislative house corrects all errors before a voting on the bill takes place after which the document is forwarded, to the president for his ascent, the guideline is the, process through which debate on a bill is limited or suppressed.

35. D. It is only the appointment of a Minister

that requires legislative ratification; the termination of the appointment requires no consultation with anyone.

36. C. Organization of the executive arm of

government and the observance of fundamental human rights are part of the governance of human societies.

37. B. The lawyers constitute ‘the Bar’. The

litigants are the opponents in court i.e. the prosecutor and defender while the registrars are the ‘court secretaries’.

38. D. Self have no place in the other three

systems listed. 39. A. 40. C. Montesquieu theorized on separation of

powers, Karl Marx on socialism/Communism and Dicey on the Rule of Law.

41. B 42. C. An unwritten constitution is partly

written and partly unwritten; the written part is made up of parliamentary law and case laws while the unwritten aspect is composed of conventions.

43. A.

Every qualified citizen is expected to vote at elections while it is not compulsory for him to take part in all others.

44. D. Vote of no confidence is used to remove

a parliamentary executive; the Executive President can be removed from office via impeachment; cross carpeting is the process by which an elected legislator crosses over from the political party on which platform he was elected into the legislature into another one during his tenure.

45. D. The electorate can only vote mount the

cabinet during an election but the executive needs the support of the parliament for survival during its tenure; the Head of State and the opposition alone cannot remove the cabinet without the support of the entire legislature.

46. A. A non–monarchical state is one that is

ruled by an elected citizen of that state that will rule for a specified term; a federatio9n is one in which on the bill takes place after which powers are constitutionally shared between the centre and the component units while a confederation is an association of autonomous states in which the central government is subordinate to the sovereign states.

47. B. The government of Abdulsalami

Abubakar followed the example of the Murtala/Obasanjo regime; the Buhari/Idiagbon regime was toppled by Babangida who was forced to step aside before concluding his winding transition program.

48. B.


31

NPN won in seven (7) states including Sokoto and Bauchi while PRP won in Kaduna and Kano States.

49 A. Traditional rules as fathers of all are

under the present dispensation insulated from partisan politics.

50. D. UTME 2010 Questions - Type C 1. Which Government Question Paper Type

is given to you? A. Type A B. Type B C. Type C D. Type D 2. Nation-State is synonymous with A. self-actualization B. liberation C. sovereignty D. nationalism 3. A fundamental component of political

culture is A. social values B. community structure C. family values D. economic values. 4. A form of oligarchy in which gifted

people are at the helm of affairs is A. aristocracy B. plutocracy C. theocracy D. gerontocracy. 5. A state that is ruled by an elected citizen

is A. a monarchy B. a republic C. a plutocracy D. an empire. 6. A true democracy in the modern sense

exists where the A. elected representatives rule B. majority of the people vote C. majority of the people rule

D. elite rules. 7. In a parliamentary system, when the

legislature passes a vote of no confidence on the executive, it means that the

A. executive is expected to go on suspension

B. executive is required to resign C. legislature ceases to trust the

executive D. legislature commences legal

proceeding against the executive. 8. The legislative body of the United States

of America is the A. Parliament B. Congress C. National Assembly D. Council 9. Unicameralism is a feature of the

legislature in A. Israel B. the United Kingdom C. the United States D. Ghana. 10. The upper house in most federal systems

is created to A. ensure equality of federating units B. oversee and check the lower house. C. prevent excesses of the executive D. enable experienced elder make

inputs to governance. 11. In which of the following systems is the

power of the component units more than that of the central government?

A. Monarchical B. Unitary C. Federal D. Confederal 12. One of the general tenets of fascist

doctrine is that the leader is A. supreme relative to the constitution B. subordinate to the laws of the state C. weak relative to the constitution D. subordinate to the norms of the

society 13. In a cabinet system of government,

executive power is exercised by the A. head of government


32

B. president C. monarch D. dominant party 14. The principle of separation of powers is

best practiced in the A. presidential system B. monarchical system C. parliamentary system D. feudal system 15. A typical form of delegated legislature is A. an act B. a decree C. a bill D. a bye-law 16. The rights of a citizen can be withdrawn

by the state if the person A. opposes the government violently B. is convicted of a serious crime C. leaves the country permanently D. is pronounced dead. 17. An electoral process in which candidates

are selected for elective offices by party members is

A. primary election B. bye election C. electoral college D. general election. 18. In theory, one major advantage of the

one-party system is that it A. eliminates intra-party conflict B. promotes greater mass participation

in government C. serves as an instrument of national

integration D. guarantees social justice. 19. A tactic employed by pressure groups to

achieve their objectives is A. memorandum B. propaganda C. electioneering campaign D. lobbying 20. Public opinion can be measured through A. negotiation B. strike action C. referendum D. rumour.

21. Which of the following is the main function of the civil service?

A. Implementing government policies B. Supporting the party in power C. Allocating resources to the

federating units D. Mobilizing grassroot support for

government 22. Who was the political head of the Old

Oyo Empire? A. Bashorun B. Aremo C. Oyomesi D. Alaafin. 23. The Igbo political system was based on A. age grades B. family ties C. Umunna D. Umuada 24. The Aro age-grade system in Igboland

was A. a religious organization B. a commercial organization C. a political organization D. an imperial organization. 25. France introduced the policy of

assimilation in her colonies primarily to A. teach them the art of leadership B. change their way of life C. give them a sound education D. discourage them from ritual killings. 26. The foremost British trading company on

the West African coast was A. Royal Niger Company B. Lever Brothers C. United African company D. John Holt and Sons 27. Which of these rules resisted colonial

rule and was deported to Calabar? A. King Kosoko. B. Oba Ovoramwen. C. King Dosunmu. D. King Jaja. 28. Nigerian nationalism was described as

two-phased by A. John Payne Jackson


33

B. James S. Coleman C. Edward Wilmot Blyden D. David Ricardo. 29. One major weakness of the

Independence constitutions is that it A. failed to provide the country with full

sovereignty B. gave full powers to the Supreme

Court in Nigeria C. gave total independence to Nigeria D. empowered Britain to continue to

rule. 30. The first law-making body in Nigeria after

amalgamation was A. Nigerian Council B. Legislative Council C. National Assembly D. Regional Assembly 31. The designation of ministers as Chief

Executive and accounting officers was recommended by a commission headed by

A. Jerome Udoji B. Simeon Adebo C. S. J. Cookey D. Dotun Phillips 32. A major shortcoming of the Ombudsman

is A. lack of adequate resources B. its inability to restrain bureaucratic

excesses C. lack of clear-cut mandate D. lack of executive power to enforce

decisions. 33. One of the strong points of the multi-

party system in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic is

A. the provision for a bicameral legislature

B. government interference C. wider political participation D. wider anti-democracy campaign. 34. In which of the following is the

ceremonial and executive power fused?

A. Presidential system of government B. Federal system of government C. Parliamentary system of government D. Unitary system of government 35. A major contentious issue confronting

Nigerian federalism is A. poverty B. health care delivery C. education D. revenue allocation 36. The main purpose of establishing public

enterprises in Nigeria is to A. increase government revenue B. enrich the elite C. provide essential services D. compete with the private sector 37. Parastatals are established to A. enhance entrepreneurial skills B. expand business transactions C. maximize government profits D. render social services. 38. The General Purpose Committee of the

local government is the A. cabinet of the local government B. body responsible for supervising self-

help projects C. local government public relations

unit D. body for awarding contracts. 39. The highest organ of the state during the

Babangida Regime was the A. Provisional Ruling Council B. Armed Forces Ruling Council C. Supreme Military Council D. Federal Executive Council 40. Decree 34 of 1966 was unacceptable to

many Nigerians because it was A. seen as an instrument of

impoverishment B. promulgated without consultation

with the people C. perceived to abolish the federal

system D. considered as alien.


34

41. Nigeria broke diplomatic relations with France in 1961 because of

A. France’s atomic test in the Sahara Desert

B. her poor relations with the francophone countries

C. General de-Gaulle’s negative attitude towards her

D. France’s diplomatic relations with Israel.

42. An attribute that Nigeria shares with most non-aligned countries is

A. the state of her economy B. her large population C. her heterogeneous population D. her large size. 43. Nigeria spearheaded the formation of

ECOWAS during the regime of A. Olusegun Obasanjo B. Murtala Muhammed C. Yakubu Gowon D. Ibrahim Babangida 44. Nigeria was classified as a frontline state

for A. participating in peacekeeping in the

Congo B. spearheading the formation of

African Union C. supporting the liberation efforts in

Southern Africa D. helping to end the crisis in Liberia. 45. The prominent role Nigeria played in the

UN in the 70’s earned her A. non-permanent membership

position B. permanent representation at the UN C. membership of the Security Council D. chairmanship of the General

Assembly. 46. The head of Nigeria’s foreign mission in a

Commonwealth nation is known as A. high Commissioner

B. ambassador C. charge d’affaires D. attache. 47. One major function of the Authority of

Heads of State and Government of ECOWAS is

A. organizing international conferences B. appointing staff of the Secretariat C. appointing the Executive Secretary D. preparing the budget of the

Community. 48. The tenure of non-permanent members

of the Security Council is A. 5 years B. 4 years C. 2 years D. 6 years 49. The Secretary-General of the United

Nations is appointed by the A. Security Council acting alone B. Permanent members of the Security

Council on the recommendation of the General Assembly

C. General Assembly on the recommendation of the Security Council.

D. General Assembly in plenary session. 50. The approval of treaties and agreements

of the Economic Community of West African States is the reasonability of the

A. Secretariat B. Council of Ministers C. ECOWAS tribunal D. Assembly of Heads of State and

Government. 2010 Answers 1. Option C 2. Option C

Sovereignty is the highest power of a country to make and enforce laws within its borders without foreign influence. This is synonymous with a Nation-State.

3. Option B


35

Political culture consists of the values and norms which guide the political behavior of any society. Its fundamental component is the community structure.

4. Option A Plutocracy is the system of government under the control of the wealthy class; theocracy is a government headed by God represented by religious leaders while gerontocracy is a government that is controlled by the aged.

5. Option B Monarchy is the system whereby the country is ruled by a monarch i.e. king or queen; plutocracy is a government which is led by the rich while an empire is a land under the control of an emperor i.e. ruler of a very vast area of land.

6. Option A Majority of the people of a country can only rule through their representatives who are elected by a vote of the majority.

7. Option B It means the legislative has withdrawn its support for the executive without which the government can survive as no bill presented by the executive to the parliament can sail through.

8. Option B The Parliament is the legislature of the United Kingdom while the Nigerian Federal Legislative body is known as the National Assembly.

9. Option A. Other options operate bicameralism. 10. Option A

Federal States all have heterogeneous population; the upper house is therefore necessary to reduce fears of domination by certain ethnic groups over others.

11. Option D

The Central Government in a federal set up possess greater powers than the component units; in a unitary state, the component states can only assist the centre to execute its functions as they have no power of the own.

12. Option A The leader is regarded as the repository of wisdom and so is above the constitution and other citizens of the state.

13. Option A The head of government exercises the executive power. Though the dominant party may produce the head of government, the executive power is not vested in it.

14. Option A In all other options, powers are fused. 15. Option D

Acts and decrees are enacted by legislative bodies while a bill is a proposed law awaiting legislative consideration. A bye-law, on the other hand, is a law made by local governments and government parastatals.

16. Option B 17. Option A

A bye election is one that is held to fill an elective position that becomes vacant; an electoral college is a system in which a group of people are chosen to select leaders while a general election is that which allows all qualified people (usually adults above a certain age) to vote for leaders of their choice.

18. Option C All politicians from different ethnic and religious backgrounds to the only legally recognized party.

19. Option D


36

It is political parties that employ electioneering campaign and propaganda in their attempt to gain political power.

20. Option C 21. Option A 22. Option D

The Bashorun - as the head of the Oyomesi was the Prime Minister while the Aremo was the heir-apparent.

23. Option C The Igbo village assembly was made up of related families; decisions reached during meetings of the village assembly were enforced by the age grades which served as the police force.

24. Option D 25. Option B

The policy of Assimilation was introduced to turn Africans into French men.

26. Option A The other options were off-shoots of the Royal Niger Company.

27. Option B Following the British bombardment of Lagos, Kosoko fled to Epe but was never deported; Jaja of Opobo was deported to the West Indies while King Dosunmu of Lagos was a stooge of the British.

28. Option A 29. Option A

Under the Independence Constitution, provided the British Queen still remained Nigeria’s ceremonial Head of State represented by the Governor-General, there was still the Anglo-Nigerian Defence pact while highest court was the British Privy Council in London.

30. Option A The Legislative Council was established by the 1922 Clifford’s Constitution while the Richard’s constitution of 1946 set up Regional Assemblies; the Independence

Constitution of 1960 provided for the National Assembly.

31. Option D Jerome Udoji headed the commission that reviewed the salaries and allowances of workers in 1974, Simeon Adebo was for many years Nigeria’s Permanent Representative at the United Nations while S. J. Cookey was the Chairman of the 1986 Political Bureau that fashioned out Babangida’s Transition to Civil Rule Program.

32. Option D 33. Option C

Nigeria currently has a total of 54 registered political parties giving the citizenry a wide horizon of political self-actualization.

34. Option A Ceremonial and executive functions are separated and performed by two distinct persons under the parliamentary system; presidentialism or parliamentarianism could be adopted by a federation or a country with a unitary system of government.

35. Option D Other options are also problems confronting Nigeria but not because it is a federation.

36. Option C 37. Option D 38. Option A 39. Option B

The provisional Ruling Council was in operation under the Abacha government, the Supreme Military Council under the regimes of Ironsi, Gowon, Murtala/Obasanjo and Buhari/Idiagbon; the Federal Executive Council was the National Executive under the various military juntas.


37

40. Option C It was regarded as an attempt to establish the domination of the minorities by the large ethnic groups.

41. Option A This was a demonstration of Nigeria’s adoption of Africa as centre piece of her foreign policy since independence in 1960.

42. Option A The Non-Aligned movement has member countries which are either large or small in size or population which may be homogeneous or heterogeneous.

43. Option C ECOWAS was formed in May 1975 two months before Gowon’s military regime was toppled in a bloodless coup and succeeded by the Murtala Muhammed/ Obasanjo Junta-July 1975 to October 1979 while Babangida came on stage on August 27, 1985.

44. Option C Congo was not a frontline state and the peace keeping operation there had ended had ended as far back as 1965; the Liberian crisis occurred long after the frontline states had become independent while the African Union emerged from the OAU in 2001.

45. Option D 46. Option A

The head of the country’s foreign mission in a non-commonwealth country is known as the ambassador; the other two options are officials in the embassy under the high commissioner/ambassador.

47. Option C The budget is prepared by the Council of ministers; the appointment of the staff of the secretariat and organization of

international conferences are the duties of the Executive Secretary.

48. Option C. 49. Option C. 50. Option D. UTME 2012 - Type GREEN Questions 1. Which Question Paper Type of

Government as indicated above is given to you?

A. Type Green B. Type Purple C. Type Red D. Type Yellow. 2. The distinctive attribute of a state is the

monopoly of A. control B. power C. violence D. justice 3. State as a political entity refers to A. an organized group within a definite

territory B. an association of men in a given

society C. a branch of a nation D. a geographical location. 4. Political values are required in any given

society through A. political re-orientation B. political campaign C. political socialization D. political indoctrination 5. In a democratic government, political

sovereignty is vested in the A. legislature B. elite C. executive D. electorate


38

6. One judicial function performed by the executive is

A. granting of amnesty B. implementing judicial orders C. ensuring obedience to the law D. appointing judges. 7. A government system in which

constitutional supremacy resides in the centre is

A. federal B. confederal C. unitary D. parliamentary. 8. A political system which empowers the

leader with the ultimate responsibility to execute laws is

A. parliamentarism B. presidentialism C. dictatorship D. autocracy. 9. A bill is a draft which is awaiting the

consideration of the A. executive B. party caucus C. legislature D. judiciary. 10. The private ownership of the means of

production is a feature of A. capitalism B. socialism C. communalism D. communism. 11. In a feudal system, the two major classes

are the serfs and the A. masses B. vassals C. lords D. elite. 12. An example of a country with a flexible

constitution is A. South Africa B. Britain

C. Benin Republic D. the United States of America. 13. The rule of law is a negation of A. equality before the law B. supremacy of the law C. limited power D. absolute power. 14. To ensure the rights and freedom of

citizens, the powers of the arms of government must be

A. fused B. incorporated C. separated D. rotated. 15. delegated legislation is made by bodies

other than the A. president B. governor C. parliament D. judiciary 16. The bringing of a session of a parliament

to an end through royal proclamation is known as

A. political impasse B. dissolution of parliament C. vote of no confidence D. prorogation of parliament. 17. The citizens to participate in the affairs of

government of their country is called A. economic right B. civil right C. political right D. social right 18. The commission charged with the

conduct of federal elections in Nigeria is A. NEC B. FEDECO C. INEC D. NECON 19. An electoral system in which parties are

assigned seats in the parliament


39

commensurate to the number of votes polled is

A. absolute majority B. simple majority C. proportional representation D. indirect election. 20. An intra-party activity for the selection of

candidates for elective positions is known as

A. primary election B. general election C. mid-term election D. bye-election. 21. The primary aim of pressure groups is to A. attract people’s attention B. protests the interest of members C. capture political power D. fight corrupt officials. 22. Which of the following is used in gauging

public opinion? A. Constitution B. Educational institution C. Mass Media D. Electoral college. 23. A permanent structure that facilities

continuity and guarantees orderly conduct in governance is

A. bureaucracy B. public corporation C. ombudsman D. political party. 24. In the Hausa pre-colonial political

system, a district was headed by A. a hakimi B. a dagaci C. an alkali D. a waziri. 25. Which of the following ensured the

practice of democracy in the pre-colonial Yoruba political system?

A. Checks and balances B. Fusion of power

C. Individual responsibility D. The rule of law. 26. Colonization of Africa was mainly

motivated by A. security considerations B. economic reasons C. religious reasons D. cultural factors. 27. The French colonial system was

underlined by the policy of A. assimilation B. paternalism C. socialism D. indirect rule. 28. Radical nationalism in Nigerian is

generally attributed to the influence of A. Aminu Kano B. Herbert Macaulay C. Nnamdi Azikiwe D. Mbonu Ojike. 29. Two foreigners that directly aroused

nationalist feelings among Nigerian are A. Edward Blyden and Payne Jackson B. Casely Hayford and James Horton C. W.E.du bois and J.O. Davies D. Marcus Garvey and Casely Hayford. 30. Members of the Senate in Nigeria’s First

Republic were A. elected directly by the people B. elected by electoral college C. nominated by regional and federal

governments D. nominated by the president of the

house. 31. In Nigeria, the agency mainly responsible

for the maintenance of internal peace and security is the

A. Army B. Navy C. Civil Defence Corps D. Police.


40

32. The National Assembly in Nigeria is primarily responsible for

A. executing laws B. interpreting laws C. ratifying appointments D. making laws. 33. The major factor militating against the

efficient operation of electoral commissions in Nigeria is

A. inadequate public support B. population size C. inadequate skilled manpower D. excessive political interference. 34. A major objective of the Public

complaints Commission is A. training and promotion of public

servants B. settlement of disputes among

individuals C. addressing the grievances of

individuals and groups. D. fighting corruption and indiscipline. 35. The three registered political parties at

the inception of Nigeria’s Fourth Republic were

A. PDP, AND PPA B. PDP, AD and APP C. PDP, AD and PPA D. PDP, APP and AC. 36. The Sharia legal system was first

introduced in the Fourth Republic in A. Kano State B. Katsina State C. Zamfara State D. Sokoto State. 37. Quota system and federal character

principles were entrenched in the 1979 Constitution to ensure

A. loyalty B. economic empowerment C. equity D. even development.

38. Workers in the public corporations are known as

A. civil servants B. private employees C. public servants D. professional employees. 39. The central objective of privatization in

Nigeria is to A. reduce the retrenchmenent of

workers B. encourage prompt payment of

salaries C. improve standard of living D. improve the efficiency of enterprises. 40. Military intervention in Nigeria arose

from A. perceived incapability of civilians to

govern B. international pressure for change C. the desire for a military government D. civilians’ desire to relinquish power. 41. The first institution introduced by the

military to exercise legislative power was the

A. Supreme Military Council B. Armed Forces Ruling Council C. Federal Executive Council D. Provisional Ruling Council. 42. The main focus of Nigeria’s foreign policy

since independence centres on A. south-south cooperation B. sub-regionalism C. globalism D. afrocentrism. 43. The country that championed

decolonization in Africa was A. Nigeria B. South Africa C. Ghana D. Kenya. 44. A major drawback to the NEPAD initiative

is its


41

A. articulation by few African leaders B. affiliation to the African union C. inability to empower the youth D. reliance on Western donors for

funds. 45. The structure of the African Union

includes A. The Court of Justice, Pan Africa

Congress and People’s Assembly B. Pan African Parliament, the Court of

Justice and the Peace and Security Council

C. Specialized Technical Commission, the Court of Justice and Humanitarian Board

D. People’s Assembly, Humanitarian Board and the peace and Security Council.

46. ECOMOG at the initial stage of its intervention in Liberia was perceived as

A. neutral B. incompetent C. partisan D. invaders. 47. The African leader mostly credited for

spearheading the formation of the African Union is

A. Muammar Ghaddafi B. Abdelaziz Bouteflika C. Abdoulaye Wade D. Thabo Mbeki. 48. One of the programmes binding

members of the Commonwealth is the A. food and aid programme B. cultural programmes C. agenda for peace D. scholarship scheme. 49. As part of the reforms in the UN, two

slots were proposed in the Security Council for

A. Asia B. Africa

C. America D. Europe 50. The founding members of OPEC are A. Algeria, Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia and

Kuwait B. Nigeria, Libya, Iran, Iraq and Saudi

Arabia C. Venezuela, Nigeria, Libya, Iran and

Iraq D. Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait and

Venezuela.


42

2012 Answers 1. Option A The Type is Green. 2. Option C.

The State uses power to establish control over its citizens within the territory and to dispense justice. A state does not instigate violence.

3. Option A. A State which in other places may be called Province, region, etc., could be an administrative branch of a nation with its distinct geographical location but cannot stand as a separate political entity.

4. Option C. Political campaign is associated with political parties while political re-orientation and political indoctrination are used by government to achieve specific objectives.

5. Option D. The electorates, through their voting power, give legal sovereignty to the legislature and electorate to rule the people made up of both the elite and the masses.

6. Option A. 7. Option C.

In federalism, power is constitutionally distributed between the centre and the component units; in confederal system, constitutional supremacy lies with the component units while in parliamentary system, such powers reside with the parliament.

8. Option B. In dictatorship and autocracy, the leader rules according to his wishes and desires while in parliamentarianism, the power of the parliament is superior to that of the executive.

9. Option C.

The executive implements the bill when it becomes law while the judiciary adjudicates it.

10. Option A. In socialism, the most important means of production are owned by the state; in communism, private ownership of such means of production is totally prohibited; in communalism, property was jointly owned by all members of a society.

11. Option C. 12. Option B.

The three other options are examples of countries operating rigid constitution.

13. Option D. The other options are attributes of the rule of law.

14. Option C. If the powers are fused or incorporated, government will become too powerful and the rights and liberties of citizens would be jeopardized.

15. Option C. 16. Option D.

Dissolution of parliament takes place at the end of the term of the parliament; vote of no confidence is used by the legislature to force the government out of office when it withdraws its support for the parliamentary executive; a political impasse occurs when there is a disagreement over a particular issue among political leaders who refuse to change their decision or opinion for a long time.

17. Option C. 18. Option C. The commission (called FEDECO) was in

the First and Second Republics; in the aborted Third Republic, it was called NEC while under Abacha’s Transition to


43

Civil Rule Programme, it was known as NECON.

19. Option C. Simple majority refers to the political system whereby the candidate with the highest number of votes is declared winner; absolute majority is that in which the winner must win more than half of the total votes cast in an election; indirect election is that in which a group of electors chosen by the people vote to elect public office holders.

20. Option A. A bye-election is one conducted to fill a vacant post; a general election is that in which people all over the country are voting at the same time; a mid-term election takes place when the term of a government is half way.

21. Option B. 22. Option C.

The mass media conducts opinion polls to achieve this purpose.

23. Option A. 24. Option A.

The Waziri was the Prime Minister of an emirate and was next in rank to the Emir; Alkali was the Judicial Officer who dispenses justice according to Islamic Law. There was no title holder by the name Dagaci in the pre-colonial Hausa/Fulani political system.

25. Option A. 26. Option B. 27. Option A.

The British Colonial System was Indirect Rule while Paternalism was the colonial system of the Germans; no colonial power practiced Socialism in her colonial possessions.

28. Option C.

Macaulay is generally regarded as the father of Nigerian Nationalism which began in the 1920s but it became radical with the return of Azikiwe from the USA in 1937.

29. Option A. 30. Option C.

Direct election of Senators started in Nigeria’s Second Republic and has continued up till now.

31. Option D. The Armed Forces made up of the Army, Navy and Air force are in charge of the defence of the territorial integrity of the country while the Civil Defence Corps now partners the Police on maintenance of internal security.

32. Option D. The Upper Chamber of the National Assembly i.e., the Senate is in charge of ratifying appointments, the executive executes laws which are interpreted by the judiciary.

33. Option D. 34. Option C.

Training and promotion of public servants is the duty of the Public Service Commission while ICPC and EFCC are in charge of fighting corruption and fiscal indiscipline.

35. Option B. PPA, DPP and AC were also registered later at different times.

36. Option C. Other states in the core North later followed suit and adopted the system.

37. Option C. 38. Option C.

Workers in Government Ministries are called Civil Servants while private employees are people who work in


44

private business enterprises. Workers in all the cadres mentioned who have received special training in specified disciplines are called professional employees.

39. Option D. 40. Option A. 41. Option A.

Ironsi’s military government in Jan 1966, Murtala Mohammed’s six months as well as Buhari/Idiagbon’s in 1983 established the SMC, Babangida’s regime in 1985 changed it to AFRC while Abacha adopted PRC in 1993; the FEC is the National Council of Ministers under any of the regimes.

42. Option D. Afrocentrism refers to Nigeria’s policy of Africa as the centre piece.

43. Option A. 44. Option D. 45. Option B.

Structural organs of the Union do not include People’s Assembly, Humanitarian Board and Pan African Congress – a political party in South Africa.

46. Option C. 47. Option A.

Ghaddafi muted the idea which was later supported by Mbeki and Obasanjo; the trio of Bouteflika, Obasanjo and Mbeki initiated the idea of establishing NEPAD.

48. Option D. 49. Option B. 50. Option D.

Algeria, Libya and Nigeria later joined the oil cartel.

2013 Government Question Paper Type: U 1. Which question paper type of

government is given to you? A. Type D B. Type I C. Type B D. Type U

2. Power that is delegated is exercised A. By coercion B. Indirectly C. By devolution D. Directly.

3. De jure sovereignty is acquired through A. Treaty B. Force C. Law D. Grant.

4. A group of people who live together under a common law within a definite territory is a A. Nation B. State C. Community D. Nation-state.

5. Political socialization is associated with A. Political transition B. Free choice of party programmes C. Military takes over of civilian

government D. The transmission of political values.

6. According to Aristotle, a form of government in which few rule for the benefit of all is A. Autocracy


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B. Polyarchy C. Diarchy D. Aristocracy.

7. Rule by the old people is known as A. Feudalism B. Theocracy C. Monarchy D. Gerontocracy.

8. As an executive, the commissioner is charged with the responsibility of A. Giving loans B. Making laws C. Implementing laws D. Writing laws.

9. Rule adjudication is a primary function of the A. Government B. Legislature C. Judiciary D. Executive.

10. The judiciary controls the executive in federal states through A. Judicial review B. Motions C. Delegated legislation D. Judicial overview.

11. One major advantage of the unitary system is that it tends to make government A. Popular among the masses B. Strong and stable C. Free of controversy D. Distant from the people

12. The presidential system differs from the parliamentary system of government in that

A. Powers of the three arm of government are merged

B. The tenure of office of the president is limited

C. The principle of collective responsibility applies

D. Executive and legislative power are fused

13. Which of the following advocates equitable distribution of wealth A. Socialism B. Plutocracy C. Capitalism D. Aristocracy.

14. A constitution that is difficult to amend is A. Unwritten B. Flexible C. Rigid D. Written.

15. Which of the following constitution is more suitable for centralization of political power? A. Written constitution B. Flexible constitution C. Unwritten constitution D. Rigid constitution.

16. The act of transferring autonomous powers to subordinate agencies is A. Delegated B. Devolution C. Concentration D. Deconcentration.

17. Which of the following types of citizens cannot be withdrawn? A. Honorary citizenship B. Citizenship by naturalization C. Citizenship by conquest


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D. Citizenship by birth 18. The right of citizens to vote is

A. Electoral suffrage B. Adult suffrage C. Universal suffrage D. organization suffrage

19. A political party is different from a pressure group in its A. Strategy B. Source of finance C. Objective D. Organization

20. One of the functions of pressure group is to A. Articulate the opinion of their members B. Contest elections to serve the people C. Nominate the president D. Prepare the budget.

21. Public opinion refers to the A. Views of the chief justice of a country B. Aggregate of attitudes held by members of the

national assembly C. Aggregate views of groups on particular

government activities D. Views held by the president of a country.

22. The class that oversees the implementation of government decisions and policies is the A. Technical B. Administrative C. Executive D. Clerical

23. The performance of ritual rites in the Yoruba empire is the responsibility of the A. Ogboni B. Oyo mesi C. Aare-ona kakanfo D. Oba

24. Under the emirate system, the commander of the army is the A. Madawaki B. Alkali C. Hakimi D. Sarkin fada

25. The indirect rule system of administration was more successful in northern Nigeria because A. The natives showed little or no resistance B. The people were mainly interested in being

governed directly C. Of the existence of an organized structure in the

area D. The Europeans ensured that the farmlands of the

natives were not confiscated 26. The earliest nationalist activities in Nigeria were

spearheaded by A. Political parties B. Educated elites C. Trade unions D. Traditional rulers

27. The first notable nationalist movement west Africa was the A. Aborigines right protection society B. National congress of british west Africa C. West African students union D. Nigeria youth movement

28. In Nigeria’s first republic, the prime minister was both the

A. Head of states and part leader B. Head of government and a lawmaker C. Head of states and commander-in-chief of the

armed force D. Commander-in-chief of the armed forces and

party leader

29. In Nigeria’s first republic, the prime minister was both the


47

A. Federal legislature B. Council of state C. House of assembly D. National economic council.

30. Under Nigeria’s second republic, the senate was under the leadership of

A. Godwin Ume-Ezeoke B. John Wash Pam C. J. S Tarka D. Joseph Wayas

31. The revenue mobilization, allocation and fiscal commission is statutorily empowered to determine the remuneration of

A. Employees of public corporations B. All civil servants C. Only elected representatives D. Political office holders.

32. The primary function of the code of conduct bureau is to

A. Receive declaration of assets B. Ensure due process by public officers C. Ensure minimum standard of morality D. Retain custody of declarations.

33. The party system practiced in Nigeria’s Third republic was

A. One-party B. Multi-party C. Two-party D. Zero -party

34. Nigeria adopted the federal system of government because of

A. The adoption of a state religion B. The fear of domination of minorities C. Uneven development D. The availability of limited resources

35. The highest policy making body under the Gowon regime was the

A. Supreme Military Council B. Federal Executive Council C. Armed Forces Ruling Council D. Provisional Ruling Council

36. Nigeria became a federation of thirty-six states during the era of

A. Abdulsalami Abubakar B. Yakubu Gowon C. Ibrahim Babangida D. Sani Abacha

37. Which of the following headed the committee that recommended the suitability of Abuja as a new federal city?

A. Justice Udo Udoma B. Justice Akinola Aguda C. Justice Buba Ardo D. Justice Atanda Fatai Williams

38. A public corporation is managed by A. The board of governors B. The board of director C. A minister D. A general manager.

39. A major source of revenue in the post-1976 local government in Nigeria is

A. Grants and loans B. The joint state-local government account C. Internally generated revenue D. The federation account.

40. The Provisional Ruling Council was the highest ruling body during the regime of

A. Murtala muhammed B. Sani Abacha C. Muhammadu Buhari D. Ibrahim Babangida.


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41. Nigeria’s non-alignment policy in the sixties lacked real substances because of her

A. Partnership with Asian countries B. Close ties with Britain C. Afrocentric Policy D. Poor economic potential.

42. Under the technical aid corps, Nigerian experts are deployed to

A. The pacific, the Caribbean, and the Europe B. Asia, Africa, and the Pacific C. Africa, the Pacific and the Caribbean D. Europe, South America and Asia.

43. The centre piece of Nigeria’s foreign policy covers only

A. Latin America B. Asia C. Europe D. Africa

44. Which of the following countries pioneered the establishment of ECOWAS alongside Nigeria? A. Algeria B. Cameroon C. Ghana D. Togo

45. Nigeria’s role in the African union was most prominent during the regime of A. President Umaru Yar’adua B. President Ibrahim Babangida C. President Olusegun Obasanjo D. President Shehu Shagari

46. A representative of a commonwealth country in another member state is known as A. Attaché B. High commissioner C. Consul-general D. Ambassador

47. The organ of UN that promotes voluntary co-operation among member states in diverse areas is the A. Economic and social council B. Security council C. International court of justice D. General assembly

48. The main representative body of the united nations is the A. Trusteeship council B. Secretariat C. Security council D. General assembly

49. The AU differs from the OAU having A. A minimum of a divergent viewpoints B. No assembly of head of state C. Effective tools for decision enforcement D. No permanent

50. OPEC has strong influence with the A. AU B. IMF C. EU D. ADB.

2013 UTME Government Answers

1. Option D. 2. Option B. 3. Option C. 4. Option B. 5. Option D. 6. Option D. 7. Option D. 8. Option C. 9. Option C. 10. Option D. 11. Option B.


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12. Option B. 13. Option A. 14. Option C. 15. Option B. 16. Option B. 17. Option D. 18. Option C. 19. Option C. 20. Option A. 21. Option C. 22. Option B. 23. Option A. 24. Option A. 25. Option C

26. Option B. 27. Option A. 28. Option B. 29. Option A. 30. Option D. 31. Option D. 32. Option C. 33. Option C. 34. Option B. 35. Option A. 36. Option D. 37. Option B. 38. Option D. 39. Option D. 40. Option B. 41. Option B. 42. Option C. 43. Option D. 44. Option D. 45. Option C. 46. Option B. 47. Option A.

48. Option D. 49. Option C. 50. Option B.

Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board UTME …...Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board 1 UTME 2001 - Type T Questions 1 Power differs from influence in that it is A. persuasive

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