Jhufybpfwbz gj åtpjgfcyjcnb b cjnhelybxtcnde d Tdhjgtghtptynfwbz yjdjuj bplfybz tuj ht-xtq gjl yfpdfybtv ≤Vbh b cnfåbkm-yjcnm gentv edfétybz ghfd xtkjdt-rf b ghfd vtymibycnd≥.

■ Yjdsq Dthöjdysq rjvbccfh ghbcnegftn r hfåjnt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

■ Uheggf cjltqcndbz djpdhfoftncz d Xtxyñ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

■ GF JÅCT ghbybvftn Gfhbécreñ ltrkfhfwbñ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

■ Erhtgktybt htubjyfkmyjuj gjlöjlf d ltzntkmyjcnb JÅCT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

■ Åjhmåf c ytpfrjyyjq njhujdktq cnhtkrjdsv jheébtv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

■ Gjcjk Idtqwfhbb hfpvsikztn yf ntve jå JÅCT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

■ Gjlujnjdrf gjkbwtqcrbö d Fkåfybb . . .18■ Rjyrehc yf kexieñ

ajnjuhfabñ vtczwf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19■ Yjdjcnb c vtcn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20■ Rjhjnrj j hfpyjv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22■ Jåpjh gtxfnb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24■ Yjdjcnb ÅLBGX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26■ J ltzntkmyjcnb DRYV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30■ Yjdjcnb GF JÅCT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32■ J hfåjnt GCCVB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34■ Yjdjcnb Ctrhtnfhbfnf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

1

Njv ªÈÈÈ, No. 7 BÑKM/FDUECN 2001

Jhufybpfwbz gj åtpjgfcyjcnb b cjnhelybxtcnde d Tdhjgt

Yb e jlyjuj bp ujcelfhcnd, hfpltkzñoböwtyyjcnb JÅCT, ytn jcyjdfybq xedcndjdfnmctåz bpjkbhjdfyysv bkb gjrbyensvGhtlctlfntkm dscnegftn c gjkeujljdsv ljrkfljv j dsgjkytybb Hevsybtq aeyrwbq Ghtlctlfntkz

D ÄNJV DSGECRT

≤Jhufybpfwbz gj åtpjgfc-

yjcnb b cjnhelybxtcnde

d Tdhjgt ljkéyf cke-

ébnm ≤pjynbrjv≥, jödfnsdfñobv

dctö, dscnegfz gj jnyjitybñ r döj-

lzobv d tt cjcnfd 55 ujcelfhcndfv-

exfcnybrfv d rfxtcndt ajhevf, d

hfvrfö rjnjhjuj jyb vjuen cnfdbnm

yfbåjktt åtcgjrjzobt bö djghjcs b

jåhfofnmcz r cdjbv rjkktufv b gfh-

nythfv pf gjvjomñ d yföjéltybb

yfbåjktt jgnbvfkmysö htitybq≥, –

pfzdbk vbybcnh byjcnhfyysö ltk He-

vsybb Vbhxf Léjfyf d cdjtv rfxt-

cndt ysytiytuj Ltqcndeñotuj ghtl-

ctlfntkz (LG) JÅCT.

Dscnegfz yf pfctlfybb Gjcnjzy-

yjuj cjdtnf 21 bñyz, jy crfpfk:

≤Vs, rfr ybrnj lheujq, jåkflftv

nfrbvb ghtbveotcndfvb, rfr ibhj-

rjt xktycndj, utjuhfabxtcrbq jödfn,

leö cjnhelybxtcndf b, xnj ytvfkj-

dféyj, ubårbq gjlöjl r htitybñ pf-

lfx. JÅCT vjétn ufhfynbhjdfnm,

xnjås yb e jlyjuj bp ujcelfhcnd,

hfpltkzñobö tt wtyyjcnb, yt åskj

jcyjdfybq xedcndjdfnm ctåz bpjkb-

hjdfyysv bkb gjrbyensv≥.

Ytpfljkuj lj gjkeujljdjq xthns

LG hfccrfpfk j ljcnbétybzö Hevs-

oD T C N Y B R

Ltqcndeñobq ghtlctlfntkm JÅCT, vbybcnh byjcnhfyysö ltk Hevsybb Vbh-xf Léjfyf dscnegftn c gjkeujljdsv ljrkfljv yf pfctlfybb Gjcnjzyyjujcjdtnf 21 bñyz.

JÅCT/J

KTZHYBR

D T C N Y B R

2 Njv ªÈÈÈ, Nj. 7

o

ybb yf gjcne Ghtlctlfntkz b j wt-

kzö, rjnjhst jyf cnfdbn d jcnfdibt-

cz itcnm vtczwtd: ≤Vs dthbv d nj,

xnj åskj cltkfyj, b hfccxbnsdftv

yf dfie lfkmytqieñ gjllthére b

bybwbfnbds, ytjåöjlbvst JÅCT lkz

tt lfkmytqituj ghjuhtccf... JÅCT yt

bp ntö jhufybpfwbq, j rjnjhsö gjcnj-

zyyj gbitn ghtccf. Jlyfrj d ysyti-

ytv ujle yfvb ghtlghbyzn hzl dfé-

ysö ifujd≥.

D rfxtcndt gthdjuj bp ljcnbét-

ybq Jhufybpfwbb jy erfpfk yf jnrhs-

nbt vbccbb JÅCT d Åtkuhflt, vfy-

lfn rjnjhjq jödfnsdftn nfrbt djghj-

cs, rfr htajhvf celtåyjq cbcntvs,

chtlcndf vfccjdjq byajhvfwbb b ht-

ajhvf pfrjyjlfntkmcndf j dsåjhfö

d Cjñpyjq Htcgeåkbrt Ñujckfdbb.

≤Ecbkbz JÅCT gj hfphfåjnrt b

jceotcndktybñ ghjuhfvvs aeyr-

wbjybhjdfybz vyjujänybxtcrbö gj-

kbwtqcrbö cbk, – ljåfdbk jy, – zd-

kzñncz dféytqibv eckjdbtv jce-

otcndktybz cjukfcjdfyysö lkz Ñé-

yjq Cthåbb vth erhtgktybz ljdthbz,

gjcrjkmre nfrfz ghjuhfvvf cgjcjå-

cndetn djccnfyjdktybñ chtlb vtcn-

ysö ébntktq ljdthbz r dkfcnzv≥.

Dnjhsv ljcnbétybtv åskj djp-

dhfotybt Uheggs cjltqcndbz JÅCT

d Xtxyñ, rjnjhjt, gj ckjdfv Ltqcn-

deñotuj ghtlctlfntkz (LG), cnfkj

htpekmnfnjv ≤lkbntkmyjuj b nhelyj-

uj ghjwtccf... Z öjntk ås nfrét jn-

lfnm ljkéyjt ghtlsleotve Ghtlct-

lfntkñ pf ghjzdktyyeñ yfcnjqxb-

djcnm b ghtlghbyznst ecbkbz d änjv

djghjct. Änj yfi jåobq ecgtö≥.

Jy nfrét ghbdtncndjdfk ljcnbu-

yeneñ vtéle ujcelfhcndfvb-exfcn-

ybrfvb ljujdjhtyyjcnm j irfkt

dpyjcjd lkz rhegysö vbccbq, rjnj-

hfz cnfkf jlybv bp rkñxtdsö afr-

njhjd, gjpdjkbdibö cjöhfybnm vbc-

cbb JÅCT yf vtcnfö.

≤R yfcnjzotve vjvtyne z gjås-

dfk gjxnb dj dctö yfibö vbccbzö, b

vtyz dyjdm b dyjdm gjhféfñn ght-

lfyyjcnm ltke b äythubxyjcnm yfibö

cjnhelybrjd yf vtcnfö, – crfpfk jy.

– Bö ltzntkmyjcnm b gjvjom d jce-

otcndktybb ghjtrnjd htfkmyj jnhf-

éfñncz yf gjdctlytdyjq ébpyb ntö,

c rtv jyb bvtñn ltkj. Bö ltzntkm-

yjcnm cbvdjkbpbhetn gjlkbyysq ec-

gtö JÅCT. Jyb pfckeébdfñn yfitq

åkfujlfhyjcnb b ghbpyfntkmyjcnb.

Vyt öjntkjcm ås, xnjås bö hfåjnf

jcdtofkfcm ujhfplj åjktt ibhjrj≥.

Åkbéfqibt pflfxb

Jlyfrj, gj vytybñ V. Léjfys,

bnjub gjkeujljdjq hfåjns ytkmpz

ghbpyfnm gjkyjcnmñ eljdktndjhb-

ntkmysvb, rjkm crjhj ghjljkéftn-

cz rjyakbrn d åsditq ñujckfdcrjq

Htcgeåkbrt Vfrtljybb. Gjkjétybt

ghjljkéftn dspsdfnm rjkjccfkmyjt

åtcgjrjqcndj – b yt njkmrj gjnjve,

xnj htxm bltn j ntö, rnj yfghzveñ

pfnhjyen bv, j ≤ntö, rnj gjrbyek

cdjq ljv, rnj gjkexbk edtxmz, j hjl-

cndtyybrfö ntö, rnj gjubå≥, yj b gj-

njve, xnj jyj pfnhfubdftn cnfåbkm-

yjcnm dctuj htubjyf.

≤JÅCT, – pfzdbk LG, – ujnjdf

ghtljcnfdbnm bvtñobtcz e ytt djp-

vjéyjcnb b ärcgthnysq gjntywbfk d

hfcgjhzétybt yfhjlf b ghfdbntkmcn-

df åsditq ñujckfdcrjq Htcgeåkbrb

Vfrtljybb, f nfrét vtéleyfhjlyj-

uj cjjåotcndf...

Vbccbtq JÅCT yfrjgkty ytvf-

ksq jgsn ltzntkmyjcnb yf vtcnfö.

Jyf eét exfcndetn d jrfpfybb gjvj-

ob vtcnysv jåobyfv, yfghbvth, d

djccnfyjdktybb djljcyfåétybz d

Revfyjdj. Yj jyf vjétn csuhfnm b

gjpbnbdyeñ hjkm d jceotcndktybb

vth erhtgktybz ljdthbz, gjckt njuj

rfr åeltn ghtndjhtyf d ébpym ghj-

uhfvvf hfpjheétybz: htxm gjqltn j

djccnfyjdktybb ljdthbz chtlb fkåfy-

crjuj yfctktybz b j dsgjkytybb jc-

yjdfyysö yf ghbywbgt vyjujänybx-

yjcnb ghjuhfvv, rfcfñoböcz ltz-

ntkmyjcnb gjkbwbb b vtcnyjq flvb-

ybcnhfwbb. Rhjvt njuj, jyf vjétn

dytcnb drkfl d ljkujchjxyeñ hfåj-

ne gj ghtjljktybñ gjcktlcndbq rjy-

akbrnf≥.

Gj ckjdfv V. Léjfys, dnjhjq ct-

hmtpyjq ghjåktvjq cnfytn gjlujnjd-

rf r dsåjhfv d Rjcjdj. ≤JÅCT ghb-

pdfyf csuhfnm rkñxtdeñ hjkm d jh-

ufybpfwbb dsåjhjd b yfåkñltybb pf

ybvb, f nfrét d lfkmytqitv jceot-

cndktybb yfibö dféysö ghjuhfvv

gjlujnjdrb gjkbwtqcrbö rflhjd b cj-

plfybz ghjatccbjyfkmyjq flvbyb-

cnhfwbb. Z öjntk ås yfcnjzntkmyj

ghbpdfnm ujcelfhcndf-exfcnybrb clt-

kfnm vfrcbvev djpvjéyjuj lkz ds-

ltktybz chtlcnd, ytjåöjlbvsö lkz

ljcnbétybz änjq wtkb≥.

Jy nfrét ghbpdfk ljåbnmcz ghj-

uhtccf d djghjct j ghfdjcgjcjåyjcnb

JÅCT, pfzdbd: ≤Z yfcnjzntkmyj gjl-

xthrbdfñ ytjåöjlbvjcnm htitybz

änjuj djghjcf lj rjywf ujlf≥.

Jghtltktybt chfdybntkmyjq hjkb

bpvthtybq

LG gjltkbkcz cdjbvb cjjåhfét-

ybzvb gj gjdjle ghjljkéfdiböcz d

ntxtybt ujlf lbcreccbq j chfdybntkm-

yjq hjkb nhtö bpvthtybq åtpjgfcyjc-

nb JÅCT.

≤Xtkjdtxtcrjt bpvthtybt gj-

ghtéytve zdkztncz jlyjq bp rkñxt-

dsö wtyyjcntq, rjnjhst cktletn

jncnfbdfnm. Yf dctv ghjcnhfycndt

JÅCT dct tot ghtlcnjbn ytvfkj clt-

kfnm lkz erhtgktybz ltvjrhfnbb b

dthöjdtycndf pfrjyf, jåtcgtxtybz

cdjåjlysö b xtcnysö dsåjhjd, bcrj-

htytybz lbcrhbvbyfwbb b ytnthgb-

vjcnb b erhtgktybz uhfélfycrjuj

jåotcndf. Jlyjq bp ljkujchjxysö

wtktq, r rjnjhsv vs ljkéys b lf-

ktt cnhtvbnmcz, zdkztncz gjcnhjtybt

ltvjrhfnbxtcrbö bycnbnenjd. Vyj-

ujt vjétn åsnm cltkfyj d djghjct j

D T C N Y B R

3Njv ªÈÈÈ, Nj. 7

o

djpdhfotybb gthtvtotyysö kbw b

åtétywtd...

Djn ghbpsds... rjnjhst vs lj-

kéys b åeltv gjdnjhznm lj ntö gjh,

gjrf r ybv yt ghbckeifñncz b gjrf

yeélf d ybö yt bcxtpytn...≥

Dvtcnt c ntv jy ljåfdbk, xnj ghb

dctq rkñxtdjq dféyjcnb xtkjdtxtc-

rjuj bpvthtybz jy hfpltkztn njxre

phtybz ntö, rnj cxbnftn ghfdbkmysv

åjktt bybwbfnbdysq gjlöjl rfr d dj-

ghjcfö [djtyyj-gjkbnbxtcrjq] åtpj-

gfcyjcnb, nfr b d djghjcfö ärjyjvb-

rb b jrheéfñotq chtls.

≤Vs ljkéys ghtlkjébnm åjkm-

it ntv ujcelfhcndfv-exfcnybrfv,

rjnjhst cnfkrbdfñncz c nhelyjcnz-

vb... Ckjébdibtcz d ybö eckjdbz

ghtgzncndeñn ärjyjvbxtcrjve hjc-

ne b htfkbpfwbb ghfd xtkjdtrf. Ärj-

yjvbxtcrjt jåjcjåktybt gjhféftn b

yfyjcbn dhtl. Rhjvt njuj, jyj jc-

kjéyztncz jgfcyjcnmñ, bcöjlzotq

jn jhufybpjdfyyjq ghtcnegyjcnb b

ärcnhtvbcncrbö ldbétybq, rjnjhst

gjhjñ ltqcndeñn cjjåof, ytoflyj

jåhfofz nfrjt gjkjétybt r cdjtq

dsujlt. D htpekmnfnt vs bvttv

åjkmit rjyakbrnjd, åjkmit åtlyjc-

nb b vtymit cdjåjls. Vs ljkéys

pfybvfnmcz änbvb djghjcfvb≥, – crf-

pfk jy.

Chtlb lheubö pflfx – hfåjnf gj

dsgjkytybñ d gjkyjv jåütvt Ljre-

vtynf j kturjv b cnhtkrjdjv jhe-

ébb (cv. vfnthbfk yf cnh. 13).

LG lfktt gjlxthryek dféyjcnm

htubjyfkmyjuj cjnhelybxtcndf d rf-

xtcndt chtlcndf gjcnfyjdrb b htit-

ybz ghjåktv; ghb änjv jy cltkfk

cktleñott ghtlkjétybt: ≤D jrnzå-

ht c. u. d Åeöfhtcnt cjcnjbncz htubj-

yfkmyfz rjyathtywbz d hfvrfö Gfr-

nf j cnfåbkmyjcnb [lkz Ñuj-Djcnjx-

yjq Tdhjgs]. Vs ghtlkjébkb ghj-

dtcnb gfhfkktkmyj c änbv rjyathty-

wbñ, gjcdzotyyeñ cjåsnbzv d Ñuj-

Djcnjxyjq Tdhjgt, xnjås ghblfnm

yjdsq bvgekmc dsgjkytybñ ghj-

uhfvv d hfvrfö Gfrnf b cnbvekbhj-

dfnm exfcnbt xfcnyjuj ctrnjhf d bö

jceotcndktybb≥.

≤Jåtcgtxtybt hfdysö djpvjéyjc-

ntq, cjwbfkmyjq cghfdtlkbdjcnb b

ghjwdtnfybz, – crfpfk jy, – ljkéyj

cnfnm jåsxyjq yjhvjq, jghtltkzñ-

otq ltzntkmyjcnm dj dctö htubjyfö

JÅCT, f yt njkmrj d ntö, r rjnjhsv

ghbdktxtyj dybvfybt dctuj vbhf b

CVB. Vyt öjntkjcm ås, xnjås lj-

cneg r nfrbv djpvjéyjcnzv gjkexb-

kb b ghjxbt cnhfys htubjyf JÅCT≥.

Djn gjxtve jy yfpyfxbk cdjbv

yjdsv cgtwbfkmysv ghtlcnfdbntktv

gthdjuj Utythfkmyjuj ctrhtnfhz JÅCT

gjckf Öjqyrf, rjnjhjve gjhextyj

yfvtnbnm rjyrhtnyst ghjtrns, exb-

nsdfñobt bynthtcs wtynhfkmyjfpb-

fncrbö ujcelfhcnd-exfcnybrjd.

≤Ltzntkmyjcnmvbccbq yf vtcnföcbvdjkbpbhetn gjlkbyysq ecgtö JÅCT≥

Dcnhtxf Cjdtnf vbybcnhjd

d Åeöfhtcnt

B yfrjytw, jy jåhfnbkcz c yfcnjz-

ntkmysv ghbpsdjv r njve, xnjås yf

dcnhtxt Cjdtnf vbybcnhjd, rjnjhfz

ljkéyf cjcnjznmcz 3–4 ltrfåhz d Åe-

öfhtcnt, åskf hfccvjnhtyf djpvjé-

yjcnm gjlndthéltybz ghbdthétyyjc-

nb JÅCT ltke åtpjgfcyjcnb b cnf-

åbkmyjcnb d Ñuj-Djcnjxyjq Tdhjgt.

Jy ljåfdbk: ≤Vs ljkéys jåtc-

gtxbnm gjlndthéltybt ghbyznjq d

JÅCT yjhvs vyjujänybxyjcnb yf

dctq nthhbnjhbb yfituj rjynbytynf,

nfr xnjås änj yfikj xtnrjt dshf-

étybt d gjkbnbrt, cbcntvt jåhfpj-

dfybz b vtcnyjq flvbybcnhfwbb. Yf-

itq wtkmñ ljkéyj åsnm jåtcgtxt-

ybt ghbdthétyyjcnb gjlkbyyjve

ghjuhtcce d djpdhfotybb åtétywtd b

gthtvtotyysö kbw. Vs ljkéys lj-

åbdfnmcz åjktt ndthlsö jåzpfntkm-

cnd d djghjcfö ytpfrjyyjq njhujdkb

kñlmvb b jhufybpjdfyyjq ghtcneg-

yjcnb d hfvrfö htubjyfkmyjuj b

vtéhtubjyfkmyjuj cjnhelybxtcndf c

pfrhtgktybtv pf JÅCT xtnrjq hjkb

d djghjcfö åjhmås c njhujdktq

kñlmvb b gjlujnjdrb gjkbwtqcrbö

rflhjd. Vs pf cjukfcbt d djghjcfö

erhtgktybz ärjyjvbxtcrjuj bpvtht-

ybz≥, – ljåfdbk jy.

Ytjåöjlbvj ghjldbétybt b gj

djghjcfv, jcnfñobvcz ythtityys-

vb cj dhtvtyb Cnfvåekmcrjq dcnht-

xb yf dscitv ehjdyt 1999 ujlf, ukfd-

ysv bp rjnjhsö zdkztncz dsgjkyt-

ybt jåzpfntkmcnd, rfcfñoböcz Uhe-

pbb b Vjkljds, c ghblfybtv JÅCT

åjktt dtcjvjq hjkb d ehtuekbhjdf-

ybb Ghblytcnhjdcrjuj rhbpbcf.

≤Yflj b lfktt eltkznm dybvfybt

ehtuekbhjdfybñ yfujhyjrfhfåföcrj-

uj rjyakbrnf. Vs åeltv b dghtlm

yfcnfbdfnm yf njv, xnjås pfbyntht-

cjdfyyst cnjhjys ghtlghbyzkb ht-

fkmyst ecbkbz d wtkzö hfphtitybz

ytehtuekbhjdfyysö djghjcjd.

JÅCT åfpbhetncz yf jåotq ghb-

dthétyyjcnb gjcnhjtybñ tlbyjq, åt-

pjgfcyjq, cdjåjlyjq, yj jcyjdfyyjq

yf vyjujjåhfpbb Tdhjgs. Jgbhfzcm

yf Dfie gjllthére b cjnhelybxtcn-

dj, vs cvjétv ghbåkbpbnmcz r lj-

cnbétybñ yfitq wtkb, nfr xnjås r

vjvtyne pfdthitybz yfituj ghtås-

dfybz yf gjcne Ghtlctlfntkz Tdhj-

gf cnfkf åjktt åtpjgfcysv rjynbyty-

njv, xtv d yfxfkt yfitq hfåjns≥.

D T C N Y B R


o

Drjywt bñyz d Åñhj Dthöjd-

yjuj rjvbccfhf JÅCT gj lt-

kfv yfwbjyfkmysö vtymiby-

cnd ghjbpjikf cvtyf herjdjlcndf.

Vfrc dfy lth Cnek, hfåjnfdibq

d rfxtcndt Dthöjdyjuj rjvbccf-

hf c vjvtynf cjplfybz änjq lj-

kéyjcnb d 1993 ujle, 1 bñkz gt-

htlfk cdjb gjkyjvjxbz idtlcrj-

ve lbgkjvfne Hjkmae Ärtece.

V. dfy lth Cnek frnbdyj hf-

åjnfk yf cdjtv gjcne lj gjcktl-

ytuj lyz (cv. vfnthbfk j DRYV

lfktt d lfyyjv dsgecrt). Ghb

dctq cdjtq pfyznjcnb d ntxtybt

änjuj vtczwf jy cevtk yfqnb dht-

vz b lkz ghbcencndbz yf hzlt wt-

htvjybq, jhufybpjdfyysö d tuj

xtcnm. 12 bñyz Kjyljycrbq eyb-

dthcbntncrbq rjkktlé ghbcdjbk

tve gjxtnyeñ cntgtym ljrnjhf

ghfdf, f 19 bñyz tve åskf dhe-

xtyf ghtvbz vbhf, exhtéltyyfz

gfhkfvtynjv ptvkb Utccty.

Dscnegfz yf wthtvjybb dhext-

ybz d Dbcåfltyt, V. dfy lth Cnek yf-

pdfk ≤cbpbajdsv nheljv≥ pflfxe

elthéfybz jn hfcgflf vyjujänybxtc-

rbö ujcelfhcnd gjckt yfxfkf rjy-

akbrnf. ≤Tcnm cgjcjås yt ljgecnbnm

njuj, xnjås rfvtym yfwbjyfkbpvf

dctulf yfrfnsdfkcz yf yfc≥, – crf-

pfk jy, yj d pfrkñxtybb ljåfdbk:

≤Yfv dct tot ghtlcnjbn cltkfnm tot

åjkmit d gkfyt gjvjob d ghtljndhf-

otybb rjyakbrnjd, ghbyznbz vth

ghb gthdsö cbuyfkfö cbcntvs hfyyt-

uj ghtleghtéltybz b erhtgktybz jc-

yjd vyjujänybxtcrbö ujcelfhcnd...

Pfdthibdittcz cnjktnbt b lfét lt-

cznbktnbt gjckeébkb lkz yfc ljcnf-

njxysv ghtleghtéltybtv jnyjcb-

ntkmyj njuj, xnj åsdftn, tckb änjuj

yt cltkfnm≥.

22 bñyz åskj ghjdtltyj cgtwb-

fkmyjt pfctlfybt Gjcnjzyyjuj cjdt-

nf (GC) JÅCT d xtcnm pfdthitybz

åtcghtwtltynyjuj åjktt xtv djcmvb-

ktnytuj chjrf ghtåsdfybz V. dfy lth

Cnekf yf gjcne Dthöjdyjuj rjvbccf-

hf. Gthtl pfctlfybtv cjcnjzkfcm

ghtptynfwbz yjdjuj bplfybz tuj ht-

xtq gjl yfpdfybtv ≤Vbh b cnfåbkm-

yjcnm gentv edfétybz ghfd xtkjdt-

rf b ghfd vtymibycnd≥. Yf pfctlf-

ybb GC åskb pfxbnfys pfzdktybz hz-

lf ysytiybö b åsdibö dblysö uj-

celfhcndtyysö ltzntktq, d xfcnyjc-

nb åsdituj ghtpbltynf Kfndbb Uey-

nbcf Ekmvfybcf, åsdituj vbyb-

cnhf byjcnhfyysö ltk Uthvfybb

Ufycf-Lbnhböf Utyithf, åsdit-

uj ghtpbltynf Vfrtljybb Rbhj

Ukbujhjdf b åsdituj ghtpblty-

nf CIF Léjhléf Åeif. C gj-

plhfdktybzvb b yfbkexibvb gj-

étkfybzvb jn bvtyb cdjbö ghf-

dbntkmcnd r V. dfy lth Cneke

jåhfnbkbcm hzl gjckjd, ghtl-

cnfdkzñobö ujcelfhcndf JÅCT.

D jcjåj ghjybryjdtyyjq htxb gj-

cjk Yjhdtubb Rfq Äqlt jnytc V.

dfy lth Cnekf r ≤gjrjktybñ ub-

ufynjd d vtéleyfhjlysö rjy-

nfrnfö≥.

D cdjtv dscnegktybb gthtl

GC V. dfy lth Cnek gjåkfujlf-

hbk ghtlcnfdbntktq ujcelfhcnd –

exfcnybrjd JÅCT pf vyjujktn-

ytt cjnhelybxtcndj. Jy crfpfk,

xnj hfåjnf yf gjcne Dthöjdyjuj rj-

vbccfhf gjhjñ åskf ytåkfujlfhyjq,

gjcrjkmre dhtvtyfvb jy gjldthufk-

cz yfgflrfv cj cnjhjys rfr vtym-

ibycnd, nfr b ghtlcnfdbntktq åjkm-

ibycndf. Jy nfrét dscrfpfk cjéf-

ktybt gj gjdjle njuj, xnj jåotcn-

dtyyjcnm eltkztn ytljcnfnjxyj dyb-

vfybz djghjcfv ghtljndhfotybz

rjyakbrnjd, b pfjcnhbk dybvfybt yf

ghjåktvt dsltktybz ljcnfnjxysö

htcehcjd yf wtkb ghtjljktybz yfghz-

étyyjcnb yf hfyybö änfgfö: ≤Ytjå-

Yjdsq Dthöjdysq rjvbccfh JÅCT gj ltkfv yfwbjyfkmysö vtymibycndghbcnegftn r hfåjntVfrc dfy lth Cnek gjrblftn cdjq gjcn gjckt djcmvb c gjkjdbyjq ktnghtåsdfybz d ljkéyjcnb; tuj cvtyztn Hjkma Ärtec

1 bñkz idtlcrbq lbgkjvfn Hjkma Ärtec

ghbcnegbk r hfåjnt d rfxtcndt yjdjuj

Dthöjdyjuj rjvbccfhf.

JÅCT/Å

LBGX


D T C N Y B R

o

öjlbvj jnkflbnm yfib bycnhevtyns

b dsltkbnm ljcnfnjxyst htcehcs,

lkz njuj xnjås vs cvjukb elth-

éfnmcz yf jcnhbt ecbkbq gj ght-

ljndhfotybñ rjyakbrnjd≥.

Jy ghtljcnthtu, xnj tcnm ghtltks

njve, xnj Dthöjdysq rjvbccfh cgj-

cjåty cltkfnm cdjbvb cbkfvb; vté-

leyfhjlyjt cjjåotcndj jåzpfyj

ghtlghbybvfnm ≤htibntkmyst, wtkt-

yfghfdktyyst b cdjtdhtvtyyst≥

ltqcndbz gj gjcnegktybb cbuyfkjd gj

kbybb hfyytuj ghtleghtéltybz. ≤Tc-

kb yt ghbyznm äaatrnbdysö vth d

jndtn yf gthdst nhtdjéyst ghbpyf-

rb, åeltn gjnthzyj lhfujwtyyjt dht-

vz. B byjq hfp pf änj dhtvz åeltn

yfytcty nfrjq dhtl, xnj ifycs yf

ghtljndhfotybt rjyakbrnf cnfyj-

dzncz dtcmvf ifnrbvb. Ckfåfz b pf-

gjplfkfz htfrwbz ytgjpdjkbntkmyf≥,

– ghtljcnthtu jy.

Nf ét vsckm ghjpdexfkf dyjdm d

dscnegktybb yf wthtvjybb d xtcnm

V. dfy lth Cnekf d ctyfnt Yblthkfy-

ljd d Uffut 29 bñyz. Jrheétyysq

cdjbvb rjkktufvb, chtlb rjnjhsö

åskb åsdibt b ysytiybt gjkbnbrb

b lbgkjvfns bp Ujkkfylbb, gjrb-

lfñobq cdjq gjcn Dthöjdysq rjvbc-

cfh crfpfk, xnj gjkjétybt, ckjébd-

ittcz d åsditq ñujckfdcrjq Htc-

geåkbrt Vfrtljybb, dscdtxbdftn

hzl ghjåktv äaatrnbdyjuj ghtjlj-

ktybz vtéänybxtcrbö rjyakbrnjd,

c rjnjhsvb gj-ghtéytve cnfkrbdf-

tncz vtéleyfhjlyjt cjjåotcndj.

Rjulf d yfxfkt ujlf yfl Crjgmt

≤cueofkbcm nexb... vtéleyfhjlyjt

cjjåotcndj åskj pfyznj cjåsnbzvb

d lheubö hfqjyfö Åfkrfy... Rjulf

hfphfpbkcz rhbpbc, vtéleyfhjlyjt

cjjåotcndj åskj pfödfxtyj dhfc-

gkjö b åskj dsyeéltyj yfdthcns-

dfnm egeotyyjt. F ntgthm, djpvjé-

yj, cltkfnm xnj-kbåj ckbirjv gj-

plyj≥.

D öjlt wthtvjybb vbybcnh byj-

cnhfyysö ltk Yblthkfyljd Q.-Q. dfy

Fhncty jåüzdbk jå exhtéltybb ght-

vbb bv. dfy lth Cnekf (ghtvbfkmyfz

cevvf – 100 000 uekmltyjd), rjnj-

hfz åeltn ghbceélfnmcz rfélst ldf

ujlf njve bkb byjve kbwe bkb uheg-

gt pf dslfñobtcz pfckeub d jåkfc-

nb pfobns vtymibycnd. D öjlt wtht-

vjybb nfrét cjcnjzkfcm ghtptynfwbz

yjdjq rybub j ltzntkmyjcnb Dthöjd-

yjuj rjvbccfhf gjl yfpdfybtv ≤Nb-

öfz lbgkjvfnbz d ltqcndbb≥.

V. dfy lth Cnek yt gjrblftn

JÅCT. 29 bñyz jy åsk yfpyfxty kbx-

ysv ghtlcnfdbntktv Ltqcndeñotuj

ghtlctlfntkz JÅCT c gjhextybtv

≤cjplfdfnm eckjdbz lkz lbfkjuf b

dshfåfnsdfnm htrjvtylfwbb d wtkzö

crjhtqituj ehtuekbhjdfybz ysyti-

Rfhbrfnehf bp éehyfkf ≤Ärjyjvbcn≥, bpjåhféfñofz gthdjuj Dthöjdyjuj

rjvbccfhf JÅCT gj ltkfv yfwbjyfkmysö vtymibycnd Vfrcf dfy lth Cnekf.

© G

. Ihf

yr, ≤Ärjyjv

bcn≥, 11/9/99

6 Njv ªÈÈÈ, No. 7

D T C N Y B R

o

ytuj rhbpbcf d åsditq ñujckfdcrjq

Htcgeåkbrt Vfrtljybb≥.

Ärtec ghbybvftn äcnfatne

1 bñkz V. dfy lth Cnekf yf gj-

cne Dthöjdyjuj rjvbccfhf cvtybk

gjcjk Hjkma Ärtec. Jy eét ghbcne-

gbk r ghtlvtnyjq hfåjnt. Yf gthdjq

ytltkt ghtåsdfybz d ljkéyjcnb jy

ghbåsk d Åtkuhfl, xnjås dscnegbnm

yf htubjyfkmyjq rjyathtywbb vbybc-

nhjd, gjcdzotyyjq yfwbjyfkmysv b

änybxtcrbv jåobyfv d Ñuj-Djcnjx-

yjq Tdhjgt. 6 bñkz d Gfhbét jy nfr-

ét ghbyzk exfcnbt d hfåjnt 10-q

tétujlyjq ctccbb Gfhkfvtyncrjq fc-

cfvåktb (GF) JÅCT.

H. Ärtec pfzdbk gfhkfvtynfhbzv:

≤D cjjndtncndbb c vjbv vfylfnjv b

leöjv JÅCT vjq gjlöjl åeltn jc-

yjdfy yf ghbywbgfö cjnhelybxtcndf.

Yj xnjås hfåjnfnm äaatrnbdyj, z

yeélfñcm d dfitq gjvjob – rfr d

gkfyt gjllthérb vjtq ltzntkmyjc-

nb, nfr b gj xfcnb dsgjkytybz vjbö

htrjvtylfwbq. Änybxtcrbt rjyakbr-

ns gj-ghtéytve euhjéfñn åtpjgfc-

yjcnb Tdhjgs. Vs ljkéys cjdvtcn-

ysvb ltqcndbzvb cybpbnm äne euhj-

pe, c ntv xnjås jåobvb ecbkbzvb

jghfdlfnm jéblfybz, djpybribt 10

ktn yfpfl, b eghjxbnm ähe ltvjrhf-

nbb, vbhf b tlbycndf d Tdhjgt≥.

H. Ärtec yt yjdbxjr d JÅCT. Jy

frnbdyj exfcndjdfk d tt hfåjnt d uj-

ls, rjulf Jhufybpfwbz aeyrwbjyb-

hjdfkf d dblt Cjdtofybz gj åtpjgfc-

yjcnb b cjnhelybxtcnde d Tdhjgt

(CÅCT) yf yfxfditvcz gjckt gflt-

ybz rjvveybpvf gthtöjlyjv änfgt.

Jy djpukfdkzk ltktufwbñ Idtwbb d

JÅCT c 1988 gj 1992 ujl b buhfk fr-

nbdyeñ hjkm d dshfåjnrt Gfhbé-

crjq öfhnbb d yjzåht 1990 ujlf.

Pf tuj gktxfvb 40 ktn dslfñotq-

cz rfhmths yf idtlcrjq lbgkjvfnb-

xtcrjq ckeéåt; jy ghtlcnfdkzk cdjñ

cnhfye d Åjyyt, Yfqhjåb, Ymñ-Qjh-

rt b Uffut. D gjcktlytt dhtvz jy åsk

gjckjv Idtwbb d Cjtlbytyysö Inf-

nfö.

D öjlt cdjtq rfhmths H. Ärtec yt-

jlyjrhfnyj pfybvfkcz djghjcfvb

rjynhjkz yfl djjheétybzvb b hfpj-

heétybz. Yfbåjktt pfvtnyjq åskf

tuj ltzntkmyjcnm yf gjcne bcgjkyb-

ntkmyjuj ghtlctlfntkz Cgtwbfkmyjq

rjvbccbb JJY gj Bhfre (ÑYCRJV),

ult d 1991–1997 ujlfö jy djpukfd-

kzk hfåjne bycgtrnjhjd gj djjheét-

ybzv. Lj änjuj jy ckeébk d rfxtcn-

dt gjcnjzyyjuj ghtlcnfdbntkz Idt-

wbb yf Rjyathtywbb gj hfpjheétybñ

d Étytdt (1983–1988 uu.) b åsk ghtl-

ctlfntktv yf gthtujdjhfö d hfvrfö

änjq rjyathtywbb gj dshfåjnrt Rjy-

dtywbb gj öbvbxtcrjve jheébñ

(1984–1987 uu.). Jy gj-ghtéytve ghb-

ybvftn frnbdyjt exfcnbt d hfåjnt hz-

lf rjycekmnfnbdysö cjdtnjd, pfyb-

vfñoböcz djghjcfvb zlthyjuj hfpj-

heétybz b ythfcghjcnhfytybz zlth-

yjuj jheébz.

D gjcktlytt dhtvz H. Ärtec dtk

gjlujnjdre ldeö ljrkfljd lkz ghf-

dbntkmcndf Idtwbb. Gthdsq bp ybö

cjlthébn fyfkbp b jwtyre gjkbnbrb

Idtwbb d jåkfcnb åtpjgfcyjcnb d gt-

hbjl öjkjlyjq djqys. Dnjhjq gjcdz-

oty djtyyj-gjkbnbxtcrbv fcgtrnfv

htfrwbb yf ghjybryjdtybt byjcnhfy-

ysö gjldjlysö kjljr d nthhbnjhb-

fkmyst djls Idtwbb c 1980 ujlf gj

yfcnjzott dhtvz.

Jy ghjljkébn dsgjkytybt aeyr-

wbq ghtlctlfntkz cjdtnf eghfdkzñ-

obö Vtéleyfhjlyjuj bycnbnenf gj

bpextybñ ghjåktv vbhf d Cnjrujkm-

vt (CBGHB).

Jndtxfz yf djghjc j tuj gthdsö

dgtxfnktybzö jn hfåjns d yjdjq lj-

kéyjcnb, H. Ärtec pfzdbk, xnj jy

jéblftn frnbdyjq hfåjns gj djghj-

cfv, rfcfñobvcz yfwbjyfkmysö

vtymibycnd, b yfvthty hfpdbdfnm ec-

gtöb cdjtuj ghtlitcndtyybrf.

C gjkysv ntrcnjv ghjofkmyjq

htxb V. dfy lth Cnekf d Uffut vjé-

yj jpyfrjvbnmcz yf dtå-cfqnt

Dthöjdyjuj rjvbccfhf gj flhtce:

www.osce.org/hcnm; nfv ét vjéyj

ghbjåhtcnb åkfyr pfrfpf yjdjq

rybub.

7Njv ªÈÈÈ, No. 7

D T C N Y B R

o

Uheggf cjltqcndbz JÅCT djpdhfoftnczd XtxyñLtqcndeñobq ghtlctlfntkm: Uheggf cjltqcndbz ujnjdf jrfpfnm gjvjomd gjkbnbxtcrjv ehtuekbhjdfybb rhbpbcf d Xtxyt

Gjxnb hjdyj ltym d ltym xt-

htp ldf c gjkjdbyjq ujlf

gjckt dsdjlf cdjbö vtéle-

yfhjlysö cjnhelybrjd JÅCT d bñ-

yt yfrjytw djpdhfnbkfcm d Xtxyñ,

äne hfphsdftveñ rjyakbrnjv htc-

geåkbre d cjcnfdt Hjccbqcrjq Atlt-

hfwbb. Gjckt ljkujq hfåjns gj gkf-

ybhjdfybñ b gjlujnjdrt, rjnjhfz yf-

xfkfcm tot d 2000 ujle, uheggf cj-

nhelybrjd Uheggs cjltqcndbz JÅCT

d Xtxyt 15 bñyz pfyzkf cdjb hfåj-

xbt vtcnf d Pyfvtycrjv yf ctdtht

Xtxyb.

≤Änj rhegysq ifu dgthtl lkz

Jhufybpfwbb≥, – pfzdbk Ltqcndeñ-

obq ghtlctlfntkm (LG) JÅCT, vb-

ybcnh byjcnhfyysö ltk Hevsybb

Vbhxf Léjfyf, dscnegfz gj ckexfñ

jabwbfkmyjuj jnrhsnbz änjq cnher-

nehs. ≤Åskf ås djkz, f djpvjéyjcnm

yfqltncz≥, – c eljdktndjhtybtv

jnjpdfkcz jy j gkjljndjhyjv pfdth-

itybb nhelyjuj ghjwtccf gthtujdj-

hjd j djpdhfotybb Uheggs cjltqcn-

dbz. LG lfktt gjlxthryek ytjåöjlb-

vjcnm dsgjkytybz d gjkyjv jåütvt

vfylfnf Uheggs, endthéltyyjuj Gj-

cnjzyysv cjdtnjv JÅCT d fghtkt

1995 ujlf.

D ltym jabwbfkmyjuj djpdhfot-

ybz JÅCT d Xtxyñ V. Léjfyf ds-

hfpbk eåtéltybt, xnj JÅCT elfcncz

djdktxm dkfcnb d Hjccbb rfr yf vtcn-

yjv, nfr b yf atlthfkmyjv ehjdyt d

rjycnhernbdysq lbfkju d bynthtcfö

Xtxyb, Hjccbqcrjq Atlthfwbb d wt-

kjv b cjjåotcndf JÅCT.

≤Pfdthibkcz dféysq änfg yfibö

ecbkbq, – crfpfk jy. – Cfvjt nhel-

yjt tot dgthtlb. Uheggf cjltqcndbz

ujnjdf jrfpfnm gjvjom d gjkbnbxtc-

rjv ehtuekbhjdfybb rhbpbcf d Xtx-

yt≥.

Uhegge cjltqcndbz åeltn djpukfd-

kznm gjcjk Hevsybb Fktrcfylhe

Rjhyz, rjnjhsq jabwbfkmyj dcnegbk

d ljkéyjcnm d ltym jnrhsnbz yjdj-

uj jabcf Uheggs.

Pf ldf lyz lj wthtvjybb jnrhs-

nbz Lbhtrnjh Åñhj JÅCT gj ltvjr-

hfnbxtcrbv bycnbnenfv b ghfdfv xt-

kjdtrf (ÅLBGX) Éthfh Cnelvfy yf-

ytc ldeölytdysq dbpbn d Xtxyñ lkz

jwtyrb cbnefwbb d uevfybnfhyjq jå-

kfcnb b d jåkfcnb ghfd xtkjdtrf. Tuj

dbpbn cjcnjzkcz gj ghbukfitybñ

ghtlcnfdbntkz ghtpbltynf gj ghfdfv

xtkjdtrf d Xtxyt Dkflbvbhf Rfkf-

vfyjdf.

Kfuthm DGK

D öjlt ghtåsdfybz d Xtxyt É.

Cnelvfy b tuj ltktufwbz gjctnbkb

jlyj bp vtcn ghtldfhbntkmyjuj pf-

rkñxtybz b kfuthm lkz dyenhtyyt gt-

htvtotyysö kbw. Jy nfrét dcnht-

nbkcz c ghtvmth-vbybcnhjv Htcgeå-

kbrb Cnfybckfdjv Bkmzcjdsv b gj-

ctnbk vtcnyst åñhj, yföjlzobtcz d

dtltybb D. Rfkfvfyjdf, d Uhjpyjv b

Pyfvtycrjv c wtkmñ jwtyrb njuj, rf-

rjt jnhfétybt d ntreotq ltzntkm-

yjcnb änbö cnherneh yföjlbn gj-

vjom, hfytt jrfpfyyfz cj cnjhjys

ÅLBGX.

Uheggf cjltqcndbz JÅCT gthdj-

yfxfkmyj ghbcnegbkf r hfåjnt 26 fg-

htkz 1995 ujlf. D 1995 b 1996 ujlfö

JÅCT jrfpfkf gjvjom d pfrkñxt-

ybb cjukfitybq j ghtrhfotybb juyz

Ltqcndeñobq ghtlctlfntkm Vbhxf Léjfyf (d wtynht) b herjdjlbntkm Uheggs cjltqcndbz JÅCT d Xtxyt Fktrcfylhe Rjhyz (cktdf) d Pyfvtycrjv.

JÅCT/R

jntr

D T C N Y B R


o

dj dhtvz rjyakbrnf d Xtxyt. Gjckt

ghtrhfotybz åjtdsö ltqcndbq Uheg-

gf cjltqcndbz buhfkf dtleoeñ hjkm

d jhufybpfwbb ghtpbltyncrbö dsåj-

hjd, cjcnjzdiböcz d Xtxyt 27 zydf-

hz 1997 ujlf. Gjckt dsåjhjd dybvf-

ybt d ltzntkmyjcnb JÅCT d Xtxyt

åskj gthtytctyj yf gjcnrjyakbr-

nyjt djccnfyjdktybt; Jhufybpfwbz

jrfpsdfkf gjvjom d djpdhfotybb d

Htcgeåkbre uevfybnfhysö jhufybpf-

wbq, cjltqcndjdfkf ecnfyjdktybñ

rjynfrnjd lkz jåvtyf pfödfxtyysvb

kbwfvb, exfcndjdfkf d dshfåjnrt lj-

ujdjhtyyjcntq j hfpvbybhjdfybb b

cktlbkf pf gjkjétybtv d jåkfcnb

ghfd xtkjdtrf.

D njn gthbjl JÅCT åskf tlbycn-

dtyyjq vtéleyfhjlyjq jhufybpfwbq,

ghbcencndjdfditq d Xtxyt. Jlyfrj d

ltrfåht 1998 ujlf vtéleyfhjlysq

gthcjyfk Uheggs åsk dhtvtyyj ds-

dtlty d Vjcrde bp-pf rhbnbxtcrjuj

eöelitybz gjkjétybz d Xtxyt d jå-

kfcnb åtpjgfcyjcnb. Jabc JÅCT d

Uhjpyjv jcnfdfkcz jnrhsnsv lj dj-

pjåyjdktybz åjtdsö ltqcndbq d 1999

ujle.

Ltqcndez bp Vjcrds, Uheggf rj-

jhlbybhjdfkf gjcnfdre uevfybnfh-

yjq gjvjob b hfåjne gj jceotcndkt-

ybñ ghjtrnjd jrfpfybz gjvjob yf-

ctktybñ, pfnhjyenjve rjyakbrnjv.

D gthbjl, gjcktljdfdibq pf dsdj-

ljv Uheggs, JÅCT ytjlyjrhfnyj jn-

rkflsdfkf htitybt gjdnjhyj yfghf-

dbnm Uhegge d Xtxyñ ddble ghjljk-

éfñotujcz jncencndbz åtpjgfcysö

eckjdbq lkz hfåjns d Htcgeåkbrt.

Nhtnmt bplfybt cghfdjxybrf JÅCTJåyjdktyyst fyukbqcrbq b heccrbq dfhbfyns hfpvtotys yf cfqnt

www.osce.org/publications/handbookD gtxfnyjv dblt bplfybt nfrét vjéyj ghbjåhtcnb d Ctrhtnfhbfnt JÅCT gj flhtce:

Kärntner Ring 5-7, A-1010 Vienna, Austria

Gfhbécrfz ltrkfhfwbz GF JÅCT: ghbpsd r ecbktybñ yflpjhf b gjljnxtnyjcnb d JÅCTJrjkj 300 gfhkfvtynfhbtd bp 50 c kbiybv cnhfy exfcndeñn d ltcznjqtétujlyjq ctccbb Gfhkfvtyncrjq fccfvåktb Jhufybpfwbb (GF JÅCT),ghjdjlbditqcz d änjv ujle d Gfhbét

Dgjcktlybq ltym tétujlyjq

ctccbb GF JÅCT, ghjdjlbd-

itqcz 6–10 bñkz, gfhkfvty-

nfhbb ghbyzkb Gfhbécreñ ltrkfhf-

wbñ, drkñxfdieñ tlbyjleiyj en-

dthéltyyeñ htpjkñwbñ j gjdsit-

ybb nhfycgfhtynyjcnb b gjljnxtnyjc-

nb d JÅCT. D htpjkñwbñ åskj

drkñxtyj ghtlkjétybt j njv, xnj-

ås ghb ghbyznbb dféysö htitybq

Cjdtn vbybcnhjd ghbybvfk dj dyb-

vfybt njxre phtybz Gfhkfvtyncrjq

fccfvåktb JÅCT (GF JÅCT) b gjzc-

yzk, rfr änj crfétncz yf htpekmnf-

nt.

Rhjvt njuj, rjkm crjhj JÅCT

cnhjuj ghblthébdftncz ghfdbkf rjy-

ctycecf, cktletn bcrkñxbnm rjyab-

ltywbfkmyjcnm d djghjcfö exfcnbz d

ghjwtcct ghbyznbz htitybq b jåtc-

gtxbnm ljdtltybt djphfétybq ghjnbd

njuj bkb byjuj ghtlkjétybz lj cdt-

ltybz kñåjuj pfbynthtcjdfyyjuj uj-

celfhcndf – exfcnybrf JÅCT bkb by-

cnbnenf JÅCT. Gfhkfvtynfhbb nfr-

ét jåhfnbkbcm r Gjcnjzyyjve cjdt-

ne JÅCT c ghbpsdjv cltkfnm cdjb

pfctlfybz jnrhsnsvb lkz geåkbrb.

D htpjkñwbb lfktt cjlthéfkcz

ghbpsd j ≤cdjtdhtvtyyjv≥ ghtlj-

cnfdktybb jnxtnjd dytiybö b dyen-

htyybö htdbpjhjd JÅCT d hfcgjhz-

étybt Gfhkfvtyncrjq fccfvåktb.

GF JÅCT exhtlbkf cgtwbfkmysq rj-

vbntn, ghbpdfyysq jceotcndkznm

rjynhjkm pf dsgjkytybtv htpjkñwbb


D T C N Y B R

o

j nhfycgfhtynyjcnb b erhtgkznm

nhfycgfhtynyjcnm b gjljnxtnyjcnm d

Jhufybpfwbb.

Rhjvt njuj, d Gfhbécreñ ltrkf-

hfwbñ åskb drkñxtys htpjkñwbb gj

nfrbv rjyrhtnysv djghjcfv, rfr:

jnvtyf cvthnyjq rfpyb; ytljgeotybt

gsnjr, étcnjrjuj jåhfotybz, ghb-

yeéltybz r lfxt gjrfpfybq bkb bysö

ghjnbdjghfdysö ltzybq; åjhmåf c

njhujdktq kñlmvb; åjhmåf c rjhheg-

wbtq b vtéleyfhjlyjq ghtcnegyjc-

nmñ; cdjåjlf chtlcnd vfccjdjq by-

ajhvfwbb, – f nfrét htpjkñwbb, gj-

cdzotyyst nfrbv htubjyfv, rfr

Ñuj-Djcnjxyfz Tdhjgf, Ctdthysq

Rfdrfp, Vjkljdf b Erhfbyf.

Fccfvåktz gthtbpåhfkf ltgenfnf

gfhkfvtynf Hevsybb Flhbfyf Ctdt-

hbyf yf gjcn Ghtlctlfntkz yf dnj-

hjq ujlbxysq chjr. Pfvtcnbntkzvb

Ghtlctlfntkz Fccfvåktb yf nhtö-

ktnybq chjr åskb bpåhfys xkty rjy-

uhtccf CIF Äkcb Ufcnbyuc, ltgenfn

gfhkfvtynf Abykzylbb Rbvvj Rb-

kmñyty b ltgenfn gfhkfvtynf Neh-

wbb Fövtl Nfy.

Yf tétujlyeñ ctccbñ ghbåskb

nfrét yfåkñlfntkb jn Gfhkfvtyn-

crjq fccfvåktb Cjdtnf Tdhjgs, Td-

hjgtqcrjuj gfhkfvtynf, Gfhkfvtyn-

crjq fccfvåktb YFNJ, Fccfvåktb

Pfgflyjtdhjgtqcrjuj cjñpf, Vté-

gfhkfvtyncrjq fccfvåktb Cjlheét-

cndf Ytpfdbcbvsö Ujcelfhcnd (CYU)

b Ctdthyjuj cjdtnf.

Yf cdjbö pfctlfybzö, cjcnjzdibö-

cz 7–9 bñkz, nhb jåobö rjvbntnf

Fccfvåktb hfccvjnhtkb ljrkfls b

ghjtrns htpjkñwbq, rfcfdibtcz gj-

kbnbxtcrbö, ärjyjvbxtcrbö b ghfdj-

pfobnysö fcgtrnjd wtynhfkmyjq nt-

vs ltcznjq tétujlyjq ctccbb – ≤Td-

hjgtqcrfz åtpjgfcyjcnm b ghtljndhf-

otybt rjyakbrnjd: dspjds lkz

JÅCT d ÖÖÈ dtrt≥.

Gthtl jnrhsnbtv ltcznjq

tétujlyjq ctccbb rjvbntn gj ghjdth-

rt gjkyjvjxbq dj ukfdt c ltgenfnjv

gfhkfvtynf Idtwbb Njyt Nbyucufh-

ljv pfckeifk ghtlcnfdbntktq Yf-

wbjyfkmyjuj cjåhfybz Åtkfhecb b

Dthöjdyjuj cjdtnf 13-uj cjpsdf. Rj-

vbntn htrjvtyljdfk Gjcnjzyyjve

rjvbntne GF jcnfdbnm vtcnj ltkt-

ufwbb Åtkfhecb yf Gfhbécrjq ctccbb

ytpfyznsv. Gjcrjkmre d Gjcnjzy-

yjv rjvbntnt yt elfkjcm ljcnbxm

rjyctycecf gj ajhvekbhjdrt, vtcnj

Åtkfhecb jcnfkjcm ytpfyznsv.

Gktyfhyjt pfctlfybt, gjcdzotyyjt

jnrhsnbñ

Jnrhsdfz gthdjt gktyfhyjt pfct-

lfybt, Ghtlctlfntkm GF Flhbfy Ct-

dthby jcnfyjdbkcz yf djghjct j rjy-

rhtnysö hsxfufö, cgjcjåfö b chtlcn-

dfö, c gjvjomñ rjnjhsö gfhkfvty-

nfhbb vjuen dkbznm yf hfpkbxyst

rhbpbcs b rjyakbrns. Gfhkfvtynf-

hbb cgjcjåys jnrhsdfnm nt ldthb,

rjnjhst vjuen åsnm jnrhsns njkm-

rj gjkbnbrfvb, cjplfdfnm åkfujghb-

znyst eckjdbz lkz dsgjkytybz ht-

itybq b htfkbpfwbb ljujdjhtyyjc-

ntq, cjukfcjdfyysö ghjatccbjyfkm-

ysvb lbgkjvfnfvb, b yfkfébdfnm

gjkbnbxtcrbq lbfkju yf ehjdyt gfh-

kfvtynjd, gjkbnbxtcrbö gfhnbq b

uhfélfycrjuj jåotcndf.

Jy dyjdm ghbpdfk ghtjljktnm lt-

abwbn ltvjrhfnbb d JÅCT b jåtcgt-

xbnm jnrhsnjcnm, gjljnxtnyjcnm b

nhfycgfhtynyjcnm, pfzdbd: ≤Z yt ec-

nfñ rhbnbrjdfnm dshjéltybt ghby-

wbgf rjyctycecf d gjhjxyeñ ghfrnb-

re nfqyjuj rjyctycecf b cjukfcty c

LG d njv, xnj cktletn exhtlbnm

≤uhegge velhtwjd≥ lkz gjlujnjdrb

ghjtrnf c ghtlkjétybzvb j htajh-

vt JÅCT≥.

Gjckt njuj rfr Fccfvåktz pfcke-

ifkf ghbdtncndtyyeñ htxm cgbrthf

ahfywepcrjuj Yfwbjyfkmyjuj cjåhf-

ybz Hfqvjyf Ajhyb b vbybcnhf byj-

cnhfyysö ltk Ahfywbb Ñåthf Dtl-

hbyf, gthtl exfcnybrfvb pfctlfybz

dscnegbk Ltqcndeñobq ghtlctlf-

ntkm (LG) JÅCT, vbybcnh byjcnhfy-

ysö ltk Hevsybb Vbhxf Léjfyf. Jy

c edfétybtv jnjpdfkcz j ytjwtyb-

vsö ecbkbzö GF JÅCT, pfzdbd: ≤Ds

jrfpsdftnt dtcjvjt ljgjkybntkmyjt

lfdktybt b yf ghfdbntkmcndf, b yf

gfhkfvtyns. Dfi jgsn pfrjyjlfnt-

ktq b bpåhfyysö ghtlcnfdbntktq df-

Dcnhtxf Gfhkfvtyncrjq fccfvåktb d änjv ujle ghjöjlbn d pfkt Yfwbjyfkm-

yjuj cjåhfybz d Gfhbét.

GF J

ÅCT

D T C N Y B R


o

ibö cjåcndtyysö yfhjljd lftn dfv

åtccgjhyjt ghtbveotcndj. Dfi uj-

kjc vjétn åsnm ecksify nfv, ult

ckjdf ghtlcnfdbntktq ghfdbntkmcnd

åelen jcnfdktys åtp dybvfybz≥.

Yf pfctlfybb nfrét dscnegbkb

Utythfkmysq ctrhtnfhm JÅCT Zy

Reåbi, yjdsq Dthöjdysq rjvbccfh

JÅCT gj ltkfv yfwbjyfkmysö vtym-

ibycnd Hjkma Ärtec, Ghtlcnfdbntkm

JÅCT gj djghjcfv cdjåjls chtlcnd

vfccjdjq byajhvfwbb Ahfqven Le-

dt b Lbhtrnjh ÅLBGX Éthfh Cnel-

vfy, f nfrét bcgjkyzñobq jåzpfy-

yjcnb rjjhlbyfnjhf ltzntkmyjcnb

JÅCT d jåkfcnb ärjyjvbrb b jrhe-

éfñotq chtls Vfhr Åfknc.

Rhjvt njuj, Fccfvåktz pfckeif-

kf dscnegktybz ghtlctlfntkz Gfh-

kfvtyncrjq fccfvåktb Cjdtnf Tdhj-

gs kjhlf Hfcctkf-Léjycnjyf, ghtl-

ctlfntkz Gfhkfvtyncrjq fccfvåktb

YFNJ Hfafäkz Äcnhtkks, ghtlctlf-

ntkz Gfhkfvtyncrjq fccfvåktb PTC

Rkfecf Åñkthf b pfvtcnbntkz ghtl-

ctlfntkz Tdhjgtqcrjuj gfhkfvtynf

Rttcf Dbåtyub, f nfrét ghtlcnfdbnt-

kz Vtégfhkfvtyncrjq fccfvåktb

CYU Dbnfkbz Rkbvjdf.

D öjlt Gfhbécrjq ctccbb nfrét

ghjikf nhflbwbjyyfz dcnhtxf éty-

oby-gfhkfvtynfhbtd. Ghtlctlfntkm-

cndjdfkf yf ytq ltgenfn gfhkfvtynf

Ahfywbb u-éf Kbymtht-Rfcce. Jyf

åskf gjcdzotyf ntvt ≤Étyobys d

gjkbnbxtcrjq ébpyb b dsgjkytybt

gkfyf ltqcndbq JÅCT d utylthyjq

jåkfcnb≥. Exfcnybws pfckeifkb ds-

cnegktybz pfvtcnbntkz Ghtlctlfnt-

kz GF JÅCT b ghtlctlfntkz uheggs

gj Rjcjdj Hbns Pñcven, cjdtnybrf

ÅLBGX gj utylthysv djghjcfv Cj-

yb Wbvvthvfy b cjdtnybrf JÅCT gj

utylthysv djghjcfv Åtfnhbc Fnnby-

uth Rjkbqy. Pfvtcnbntkm Utythfkm-

yjuj ctrhtnfhz Gtynnb Dzyzyty ghtl-

cnfdbk ljrkfl j cjåkñltybb cjjnyj-

itybz veéxby b étyoby d infnt by-

cnbnenjd JÅCT, gjlujnjdktyysq

vtéleyfhjlysv ctrhtnfhbfnjv d

Rjgtyufutyt.

Ghtvbz JÅCT pf ltzntkmyjcnm d jåkfcnbéehyfkbcnbrb b pfobns

ltvjrhfnbb

D öjlt cjcnjzditqcz 6 bñkz cgtwb-

fkmyjq wthtvjybb ghtvbz JÅCT pf

ltzntkmyjcnm d jåkfcnb éehyfkbcnb-

rb b pfobns ltvjrhfnbb 2001 ujlf

åskf dhextyf dljdfv ldeö gjubåibö

jn her eåbqw éehyfkbcnjd – Öjct

Kebcf Kjgtcf lt Kfrfkmt (Bcgfybz)

b Utjhubz Ujyuflpt (Erhfbyf). Ght-

vbz åskf ghbceéltyf änbv éehyf-

kbcnfv gjcvthnyj pf bö drkfl d en-

dthéltybt wtyyjcntq JÅCT gentv

htgjhnfétq j rjyakbrnfö b dcrhs-

nbz gjljgktrb gjkbnbxtcrbö cjås-

nbq. Ghtvbz åskf dhextyf u-ét Ujy-

uflpt b u-ét Kjgtc cgbrthjv ahfy-

wepcrjuj Yfwbjyfkmyjuj cjåhfybz

Hfqvjyjv Ajhyb.

Rhjvt njuj, yf wthtvjybb dscne-

gbkb Ghtlcnfdbntkm JÅCT gj djghj-

cfv cdjåjls chtlcnd vfccjdjq by-

ajhvfwbb Ahfqven Ledt b Ghtlct-

lfntkm Jåotuj rjvbntnf gj ltvjr-

hfnbb, ghfdfv xtkjdtrf b uevfybnfh-

ysv djghjcfv Uthn Dfqcrbhöty. Jåf

jyb bvtkb ghzvjt jnyjitybt r

exhtéltybñ ghtvbb b gj-ghtéytve

dtlen frnbdyeñ ghjgfufylbcncreñ b

jhufybpfwbjyyeñ hfåjne d cdzpb c tt

ghbceéltybtv.

Ghtlctlfntkm GF F. Ctdthby yf-

gjvybk, xnj änj eét itcnjq ckexfq

ghbceéltybz ghtvbb, cnfditq dfé-

ysv b ibhjrj ghbpyfyysv bycnhe-

vtynjv endthéltybz cdjåjls chtl-

cnd vfccjdjq byajhvfwbb. Jy dshf-

pbk ghbpyfntkmyjcnm ljyjhfv, xmt

otlhjt abyfycjdjt exfcnbt cltkfkj

djpvjéysv ghbceéltybt ghtvbb:

rjvgfybzv ≤Åthntkmcvfy FU≥ (Uth-

vfybz), ≤Åjyybth uhegg≥ (Idtwbz),

≤Cfenötv byr.≥ (Rfyflf), ≤Crbåcntl

FCF≥ (Yjhdtubz) b Ajyle Utjhuf b

Ntkmvs Gfhfcrtdfbltc (Rbgh).

GF J

ÅCT

Ghtlctlfntkm Yfwbjyfkmyjuj cjåhf-

ybz Hfqvjy Ajhyb b dljdf gjubåit-

uj jn herb eåbqws bcgfycrjuj éehyf-

kbcnf Ö.-K. Kjgtcf lt Kfrfkmt

Fhnjkfpfåfkm lt Kjgtc lt Kfrfkmt.


D T C N Y B R

o

Erhtgktybt htubjyfkmyjuj gjlöjlf JÅCT r ghjåktvt åtpjgfcyjcnb d Wtynhfkmyjq FpbbLtqcndeñobq ghtlctlfntkm ghjdtk d ghjikjv vtczwt gthtujdjhs yfdscjrjv ehjdyt d xtnshtö ujcelfhcndfö-exfcnybrfö

3–8 bñyz Ltqcndeñobq ghtlctlf-

ntkm (LG) JÅCT Vbhxf Léjfyf cj-

dthibk gjtplre gj xtnshtv wty-

nhfkmyjfpbfncrbv cnhfyfv; jlyf bp

tuj jcyjdysö wtktq cjcnjzkf d njv,

xnjås jåhfnbnm dybvfybt bö herjdj-

lbntktq b kbw, jndtncndtyysö pf ghb-

yznbt htitybq, yf ytjåöjlbvjcnm

ghtlghbyznm yjdst ecbkbz lkz ds-

hfåjnrb cjukfcjdfyyjuj htubjyfkm-

yjuj gjlöjlf. Htitybt djghjcjd åt-

pjgfcyjcnb, nfrbö, rfr vtéleyfhjl-

ysq nthhjhbpv b jhufybpjdfyyfz ght-

cnegyjcnm, f nfrét ytpfrjyyfz njh-

ujdkz yfhrjnbrfvb, jheébtv b

kñlmvb, djpvjéyj njkmrj yf genzö

cjdvtcnyjq hfåjns yf vtéleyfhjl-

yjv ehjdyt.

D jncencndbt nfrjuj gjlöjlf yt-

djpvjéyj ghtlghbyznm rfrbt-kbåj

ceotcndtyyst vths gj bcrjhtytybñ

änbö pjk. Nfrbt ckjdf ghjbpytc V.

Léjfyf d Fcnfyt (Rfpföcnfy), cnfd-

itq gthdsv geyrnjv d tuj gjtplrt,

d öjlt rjnjhjq jy nfrét gjctnbk

Rshuspcnfy, Nflébrbcnfy b Nehrvt-

ybcnfy. Jåhfnbd dybvfybt yf joenb-

vsq ghjuhtcc, yfåkñlftvsq d Wty-

nhfkmyjq Fpbb d djghjcfö dsgjkyt-

ybz jåzpfntkmcnd gj JÅCT, V. Léjf-

yf, rjnjhsq zdkztncz vbybcnhjv

byjcnhfyysö ltk Hevsybb, gjlxth-

ryek, xnj yf änjv yfghfdktybb ghtl-

cnjbn tot ytvfkj cltkfnm.

D Fcnfyt, ult LG dcnhtnbkcz c

ghtpbltynjv cnhfys Yehceknfyjv

Yfpfhåftdsv, jy gjkjébntkmyj

jnjpdfkcz j rjycnhernbdyjv cjnhel-

ybxtcndt rfpföcrbö dkfcntq c JÅCT.

Jy egjvzyek j ytjåöjlbvjcnb lfkm-

ytqibö ecbkbq gj cjdthitycndjdf-

ybñ celtåyjq b gtybntywbfhyjq cbc-

ntv, gjkbwbb b pfrjyjlfntkmcndf j

chtlcndfö vfccjdjq byajhvfwbb. D

öjlt cdjbö åtctl, d njv xbckt c pf-

vtcnbntktv ghtvmth-vbybcnhf b vb-

ybcnhjv byjcnhfyysö ltk, f nfrét c

lheubvb gjkbnbxtcrbvb ltzntkzvb,

V. Léjfyf gjlxthrbdfk dféyjcnm

rjvgktrcyjuj gjlöjlf d lheubö dfé-

ysö htubjyfkmysö ghjåktvfö, nfrbö,

rfr djlyst htcehcs b äythutnbrf.

Jy nfrét gjlxthryek ghbjhbntn-

yeñ hjkm ltvjrhfnbb b pfobns ghfd

xtkjdtrf d hfvrfö rjvgktrcyjuj

gjlöjlf JÅCT r ghjåktvt åtpjgfc-

yjcnb. ≤Edfétybt ghfd xtkjdtrf,

yflktéfott aeyrwbjybhjdfybt lt-

vjrhfnbxtcrbö bycnbnenjd b ytpfdb-

cbvjcnm celtq ytgjchtlcndtyyj cdz-

pfys c hfpdbnbtv ärjyjvbrb≥, – jn-

vtnbk jy. Jy yfcnjzntkmyj ghbpdfk

gjkbnbxtcrbö kblthjd r dtltybñ

lbfkjuf d hfvrfö jhufybpetvsö

JÅCT dcnhtx ≤pf rheuksv cnjkjv≥

gj djghjcfv dsåjhjd c wtkmñ lj-

åbnmcz joenbvjuj ghjuhtccf lj ghtl-

cnjzobö dsåjhjd d vtcnyst jhufys

dkfcnb.

Herjdjlbntkm Vbccbb d Nflébrbcnfyt Vfhr Ubkåthn ghbdtncndetn Ltqcn-

deñotuj ghtlctlfntkz, vbybcnhf byjcnhfyysö ltk Hevsybb Vbhxe Léjf-

ye d fähjgjhnt Leifyåt.

JÅCT/R

jntr


D T C N Y B R

o

Ltcznbktnyzz cnhfntubz

D öjlt cdjtuj dbpbnf d Rshusp-

cnfy LG ghbdtncndjdfk ndthleñ ht-

ibvjcnm cnhfys dsgjkyznm hfphfåj-

nfyyeñ c exfcnbtv Dctvbhyjuj åfy-

rf Hfvjxyeñ ghjuhfvve rjvgktr-

cyjuj hfpdbnbz. Änf ghjuhfvvf cnf-

dbn wtkmñ hfphfåjnre lkz cnhfys

ärjyjvbxtcrjq cnhfntubb yf ghtl-

cnjzobt ltcznm ktn. ≤Änj jnkbxysq

bycnhevtyn, c gjvjomñ rjnjhjuj dct

cnjhjys djdktrfñncz d hfåjne hflb

åkfujgjkexbz änjq cnhfys d åele-

otv≥, – crfpfk V. Léjfyf.

LG jn bvtyb JÅCT jåhfnbkcz r

cdjbv cjåtctlybrfv, d xbckt rjnj-

hsö åskb ghtpbltyn cnhfys b cgbrt-

hs jåtbö gfkfn gfhkfvtynf Rshusp-

cnfyf, f nfrét vbybcnh byjcnhfyysö

ltk, c ghtlkjétybtv jrfpfnm gj-

vjom d djghjcfö djlysö htcehcjd,

jöhfys jrheéfñotq chtls, endth-

éltybz yflktéfotq ghfrnbrb ujce-

lfhcndtyyjuj eghfdktybz b nhfycgf-

htynyjcnb. Rfcfzcm xtkjdtxtcrjuj

bpvthtybz, V. Léjfyf gjlxthryek

dféyjcnm gjkyjdtcyjuj lbfkjuf c jg-

gjpbwbtq. Jy ghbdtncndjdfk dtle-

ottcz jåceéltybt nhtö yjdsö pfrj-

yjghjtrnjd, gjlujnjdktyysö c exfc-

nbtv JÅCT (rfcfñoböcz bycnbnenf

jvåelcvtyf, cdjåjls cjåhfybq b

cdjåjls htkbubb), yfcnjzntkmyj ghb-

pdfd jåtcgtxbnm gjkyjt bö cjjndtn-

cndbt jåzpfntkmcndfv gj JÅCT.

D nhtnmtq bp gjctotyysö bv

cnhfy, Nflébrbcnfyt, LG dcnhtnbk-

cz d Leifyåt c ghtpbltynjv cnhfys,

ghtvmth-vbybcnhjv b ghtlctlfntkz-

vb jåtbö gfkfn gfhkfvtynf, f nfrét

c ghtlcnfdbntkzvb gjkbnbxtcrbö

gfhnbq, ytghfdbntkmcndtyysö jhuf-

ybpfwbq (YGJ) b jhufyjd vfccjdjq

byajhvfwbb. D öjlt änbö åtctl jy

dscrfpfk gjkjébntkmyeñ jwtyre

gjllthérb Nflébrbcnfyjv htubj-

yfkmyjuj gjlöjlf JÅCT r åjhmåt c

nthhjhbpvjv b lheubvb nhfycuhfybx-

ysvb euhjpfvb b gjlxthryek dfé-

yjcnm cjcnjzditqcz d ltrfåht ghji-

kjuj ujlf rjyathtywbb gj ghjåktvt

dctjåütvkñotq åtpjgfcyjcnb c exfc-

nbtv JÅCT b Zgjybb.

V. Léjfyf ghbpdfk nflébrcrbt

dkfcnb ghjljkébnm dtleobqcz gjkb-

nbxtcrbq lbfkju d leöt yfwbjyfkm-

yjuj ghbvbhtybz, ghbpdfyysq jåktu-

xbnm ghjwtcc gjcnrjyakbrnyjuj djc-

cnfyjdktybz. Jy nfrét pfzdbk j gjl-

lthért ecbkbq dkfcntq gj cjltqcn-

dbñ hfpdbnbñ étycrbö YGJ d Nf-

lébrbcnfyt. Exbnsdfz ghbåkbétybt

dsåjhjd d vtcnyst jhufys dkfcnb,

V. Léjfyf ghjcbk j dsgjkytybb ht-

rjvtylfwbq, gjlujnjdktyysö Åñhj

JÅCT gj ltvjrhfnbxtcrbv bycnbne-

nfv b ghfdfv xtkjdtrf gj bnjufv

ghjiksö gfhkfvtyncrbö dsåjhjd.

Rfr b d lheubö cnhfyfö, ult jy gj-

åsdfk d öjlt änjuj dbpbnf, LG ghb-

pdfk dkfcnb ghbyznm vths gj htajh-

vbhjdfybñ celtåyjq cbcntvs b gt-

htlfxt vtcn pfrkñxtybz d dtltybt

vbybcnthcndf ñcnbwbb. Jy nfrét lfk

gjyznm, xnj d cdzpb c ltcznjq ujljd-

obyjq ytpfdbcbvjcnb ghtlcnfdbkcz

ås ghtrhfcysq ckexfq ghtlghbyznm

hzl gjrfpfntkmysö ifujd d dblt, yf-

ghbvth, jcdjåjéltybz pfrkñxty-

ysö, b jcjåtyyj étyoby, bp nñhtv.

LG erfpfk yf ntcyeñ dpfbvjcdzpm

vtéle erhtgktybtv ljdthbz, ärjyj-

vbxtcrbv hfpdbnbtv b yflktéfotq

ghfrnbrjq ujcelfhcndtyyjuj eghfd-

ktybz. ≤Yflktéfofz ghfrnbrf ujce-

lfhcndtyyjuj eghfdktybz b nhfycgf-

htynyjcnm zdkzñncz rkñxtdsvb

bycnhevtynfvb cjltqcndbz ärjyjvb-

xtcrjve hjcne b ghbdktxtybñ bydtc-

nbwbq≥, – jnvtnbk jy.

D Fiöfåflt (Nehrvtybcnfy), cnj-

kbwt gjcktlytq bp cnhfy, rjnjhst LG

gjctnbk d öjlt cdjtq wtynhfkmyjfpb-

fncrjq gjtplrb, jy dcnhtnbkcz c ght-

pbltynjv cnhfys Cfgfhvehfnjv

Ybzpjdsv, vbybcnhjv byjcnhfyysö

ltk b ghtlctlfntktv gfhkfvtynf. Jy

jåcelbk c ybvb ghjåktvs hjcnf jh-

ufybpjdfyyjq ghtcnegyjcnb, rjynhf-

åfyls yfhrjnbrjd b htkbubjpyjuj

aeylfvtynfkbpvf d htubjyt. Rhjvt

njuj, jy gjlxthryek dféyjt pyfxt-

ybt cdjåjlysö b ytpfdbcbvsö chtl-

cnd vfccjdjq byajhvfwbb, ytjåöjlb-

vjcnm rhtgrjuj uhfélfycrjuj jåot-

cndf b pfobns ghfd kbw, ghbyflkt-

éfobö r yfwbjyfkmysv vtymibycn-

dfv, f nfrét jnvtys dstplysö dbp

b juhfybxtybq yf gthtldbétybt dyen-

hb cnhfys.

LG cltkfk jcjåsq frwtyn yf yt-

jåöjlbvjcnb endthéltybz yflktéf-

otq ghfrnbrb ujcelfhcndtyyjuj eg-

hfdktybz b nhfycgfhtynyjcnb, f nfr-

ét jåtcgtxtybz äaatrnbdyjcnb

uhfélfycrjq ckeéås d rfxtcndt

chtlcndf erhtgktybz dyenhbgjkbnb-

xtcrjq cnfåbkmyjcnb. Jy nfrét ghb-

pdfk dkfcnb Nehrvtybb r dsgjkyt-

ybñ eét hfnbabwbhjdfyysö cjukf-

itybq, nfrbö, rfr Jhöeccrfz rjydty-

wbz j ljcnegt jåotcndtyyjcnb r by-

ajhvfwbb, rfcfñotqcz djghjcjd

ärjkjubb.


D T C N Y B R

o

D cdzpb c jnrhsnbtv 9 bñkz Rjyat-

htywbb JJY, gjcdzotyyjq ytpfrjy-

yjq njhujdkt cnhtkrjdsv jheébtv

b kturbvb djjheétybzvb dj dctö tt

fcgtrnfö, evtcnyj yfgjvybnm j

njv, xnj JÅCT eét dytcty dféysq

drkfl d hfåjne änjuj pyfxbvjuj aj-

hevf d dblt cjukfcjdfyyjuj d 2000 uj-

le Ljrevtynf j kturjv b cnhtkrjdjv

jheébb.

Gjckt ghjljkéfdiböcz wtksq

ujl rhjgjnkbdsö gthtujdjhjd yf Aj-

hevt JÅCT gj cjnhelybxtcnde d jå-

kfcnb åtpjgfcyjcnb d yjzåht ghji-

kjuj ujlf åsk cjukfcjdfy dctjåütv-

kñobq ljrevtyn, ghbyznbtv rjnjhj-

uj Jhufybpfwbz cltkfkf rhegysq ifu

dgthtl d cdjbö ecbkbzö gj åjhmåt c

ytrjynhjkbhetvsv hfcghjcnhfytyb-

tv kturjuj b cnhtkrjdjuj jheébz.

Ljrevtyn JÅCT j kturjv b cnhtk-

rjdjv jheébb, rjnjhsq åsk c jljå-

htybtv djcghbyzn rfr änfgyjt cjukf-

itybt, cnfk dtcjvsv drkfljv d gjl-

ujnjdre dféyjq rjyathtywbb gj

cnhtkrjdjve jheébñ d hfvrfö Jh-

ufybpfwbb Jåütlbytyysö Yfwbq,

ghjqlz ghb änjv ecgtiyeñ ghjdth-

re d öjlt gthdjuj änfgf tuj jceot-

cndktybz yf htubjyfkmyjv ehjdyt.

Hfcghjcnhfytybt kturjuj b cnhtk-

rjdjuj jheébz, gjl rjnjhsv jåsx-

yj gjybvftncz dct gthtyjcyjt jhe-

ébt åjtdjuj yfpyfxtybz jn gbcnjkt-

njd lj hfrtnysö rjvgktrcjd, åskj

ghbpyfyj hfcneotq euhjpjq åtpjgfc-

yjcnb b ghbxbyjq åtlcndbq uevfyb-

nfhyjuj öfhfrnthf. Cnhtkrjdjt jhe-

ébt dct ibht bcgjkmpetncz d uhfé-

lfycrbö rjyakbrnfö b jhufybpjdfy-

yjq ghtcnegyjcnmñ, yfyjcz ghb änjv

ytcjhfpvthysq ehjy uhfélfycrjve

yfctktybñ. Gj jrjyxfybb rjyakbr-

njd juhjvyjt rjkbxtcndj ytpfrjyyj-

uj jheébz bp-pf ytfltrdfnyjcnb vth

hfpjheétybz jcnftncz d herfö vtcn-

yjuj yfctktybz, xnj gjlhsdftn gj-

gsnrb bö ehtuekbhjdfybz b ecbkbz

gj djccnfyjdktybñ.

Åelexb htubjyfkmyjq jhufybpfwb-

tq, d cjcnfd rjnjhjq döjlzn vyjubt

cnhfys – ghjbpdjlbntkb b ärcgjhnt-

hs jheébz, JÅCT yf hfyytv änfgt

jcjpyfkf cdjñ jcjåeñ jndtncndty-

yjcnm d djghjcfö rjynhjkz pf gtht-

lfxtq jheébz b ghtctxtybz tuj rjy-

nhfåfyls.

Cjjndtncndtyyj, d Ljrevtyn

JÅCT åskb drkñxtys gjkjétybz j

rjynhjkt yfl ghjbpdjlcndjv, vfhrb-

hjdrjq, ärcgjhnjv b gjchtlybxtcrjq

ltzntkmyjcnmñ, f nfrét j yjhvfö,

htuekbheñobö åtpjgfcyjt crkflbhj-

dfybt b eybxnjétybt kbiytuj jhe-

ébz. D ytv nfrét ghtlecvfnhbdftn-

cz hzl vth, rjnjhst ljkéys ghbyb-

vfnmcz vbccbzvb b lheubvb cnher-

nehfvb JÅCT yf vtcnfö, drkñxfz

exfcnbt d ghjuhfvvfö cåjhf jheébz.

Ljrevtyn dgthdst åsk jghjåjdfy

yf ltkt 30 bñyz, rjulf ujcelfhcndf-

exfcnybrb ghjdtkb cjukfcjdfyyeñ

cthbñ jåvtyjd byajhvfwbtq. Ujce-

lfhcndf jåvtyzkbcm cdtltybzvb j

ltqcndeñobö d ybö cbcntvfö vfhrb-

hjdrb, vthfö rjynhjkz pf ghjbpdj-

lbntkzvb cnhtkrjdjuj jheébz, yf-

wbjyfkmyjv pfrjyjlfntkmcndt, ärc-

gjhnyjq gjkbnbrt b ärcgjhnysö ghj-

wtlehfö, f nfrét j ghbvtyztvjv bvb

gjhzlrt eybxnjétybz kbiytuj jhe-

ébz.

Gjcnegbdifz byajhvfwbz lftn

ghtlcnfdktybt j njv, d rfrjq vtht

ujcelfhcndf-exfcnybrb dsgjkyzñn

dpznst bvb jåzpfntkmcndf yf yfwbj-

yfkmyjv ehjdyt. Jyf åeltn bpextyf

d cnjkbwfö cnhfy JÅCT b åeltn bc-

gjkmpjdfyf d rfxtcndt cghfdjxyjuj

vfnthbfkf ghb lbcreccbb d hfvrfö

Ajhevf gj cjnhelybxtcnde d jåkfc-

nb åtpjgfcyjcnb, rjulf jy dyjdm cj-

åthtncz d rjywt fduecnf.

Rhjvt njuj, cjcnjzkbcm lbcrec-

cbb j njv, rfr gthtdtcnb d ghfrnb-

xtcreñ gkjcrjcnm njn hfpltk ljre-

vtynf, rjnjhsq rfcftncz rjyakbr-

nysö cbnefwbq. Ytrjnjhst vbccbb

JÅCT ghbcnegbkb r jceotcndktybñ

ghjtrnjd lj cjukfcjdfybz Ljrevty-

nf b d gjcktlytt dhtvz frnbdbpbhj-

dfkb cdjb ecbkbz.

Nfr, yfghbvth, Ghbcencndbt

JÅCT d Fkåfybb eét ytrjnjhjt dht-

vz yfåkñlftn pf dsgjkytybtv hfp-

hfåjnfyyjq ghfdbntkmcndjv cnhfys

ghjuhfvvs cåjhf jheébz, f Vbccbz

Pfjcnhtybt dybvfybz vbhjdjq jåotcndtyyjcnb yf jgfcytqitq ghjåktvt ytpfrjyyjq njhujdkb cnhtkrjdsv jheébtvDrkfl JÅCT d åjhmåe vbhjdjuj cjjåotcndf ghjnbd cthmtpyjq euhjpsåtpjgfcyjcnb


D T C N Y B R

o

d Uhepbb, cj cdjtq cnjhjys,

yfåkñlftn pf jceotcndktyb-

tv ghjdjlbvjq Cvtifyys-

vb cbkfvb gj gjllthéfybñ

vbhf d Ñéyjq Jctnbb ghj-

uhfvvs ljåhjdjkmyjq clfxb

cnhtkrjdjuj jheébz. Yf

chtlcndf, ghtljcnfdktyyst

Yjhdtubtq, Vbccbz ytlfdyj

gjcnfdbkf rfywtkzhcrjt

jåjheljdfybt yf wtkb jceot-

cndktybz änjq ghjuhfvvs d

Uhepbb.

Ghfrnbrev d Åfre

Jghtltktyysq ifu d lt-

kt htfkbpfwbb juhfybxtybq d

jåkfcnb cnhtkrjdjuj jhe-

ébz åsk ytlfdyj cltkfy yf

cjdvtcnyj jhufybpjdfyyjv

Idtqwfhbtq b Fpthåfqléf-

yjv 21–22 bñyz d Åfre ghfr-

nbrevt. Änj vthjghbznbt yf

ntve ≤Kturjt b cnhtkrjdjt

jheébt: ghfrnbxtcrbt nhel-

yjcnb ghb dsgjkytybb jåzpf-

ntkmcnd d hfvrfö JÅCT b

CTFG≥ gjpdjkbkj ecnfyjdbnm rjy-

nfrn c Cjdtnjv tdhjfnkfynbxtcrjuj

gfhnythcndf (CTFG), d cjcnfd rjnj-

hjuj döjlzn xktys YFNJ b bö gfh-

nyths.

Yf ghfrnbrev ghbåskb ärcgthns

bp hfpkbxysö cnhfy, f nfrét cjnhel-

ybrb JÅCT b YFNJ. Utythfkmysq

ctrhtnfhm JÅCT Zy Reåbi ghjby-

ajhvbhjdfk exfcnybrjd j ljcnbuye-

njv ghjuhtcct b yfcnjzntkmyj ghb-

pdfk ujcelfhcndf-exfcnybrb d vfrcb-

vfkmyj rjhjnrbt chjrb dsgjkybnm

dpznst bvb yf ctåz yf yfwbjyfkmyjv

ehjdyt jåzpfntkmcndf. Jy nfrét ghb-

dtncndjdfk åjktt ibhjrjt cjnhelyb-

xtcndj c CTFG b ghbpdfk exfcndeñ-

obt jhufybpfwbb cjnhelybxfnm c ghf-

dbntkmcndfvb ghbybvfñobö cnhfy d

hfphfåjnrt ≤gbkjnysö≥ ghjtrnjd yf

vtcnfö.

Exfcnybrb ctvbyfhf c jcjåsv by-

nthtcjv jéblfkb dscnegktybq ghtl-

cnfdbntktq vbccbq b cnherneh JÅCT

yf vtcnfö. Cjnhelybrb vbccbq d Uhe-

pbb, Vjkljdt, Fkåfybb b Cjñpyjq

Htcgeåkbrt Ñujckfdbb gjltkbkbcm

byajhvfwbtq j cdjtv jgsnt b gkf-

yfö exfcnbz d ghjuhfvvfö cåjhf jhe-

ébz b jceotcndktybb lheubö ghjtr-

njd.

Gjldjlz bnju, cjghtlctlfntkb

ghfrnbrevf: åsdibq rjjhlbyfnjh

hfåjns gj gjlujnjdrt Ljrevtynf

JÅCT Gjk Akäthnb b yfxfkmybr

ctrnjhf gj juhfybxtybñ jåsxysö

djjheétybq b rjynhjkñ pf ybv d

YFNJ Vfqrk Vbuubyc – gjlxthrye-

kb gjntywbfkmyeñ hjkm vbccbq d ds-

gjkytybb cjjndtncndeñobö gjkjét-

ybq. Jyb nfrét gjlxthryekb djp-

vjéyjcnb lkz cjnhelybxtcndf vté-

le htubjyfkmysvb jhufybpf-

wbzvb, jcjåtyyj d hfvrfö

JJY.

Eybxnjétybt cnhtkrjdjuj

jheébz

Rjyathtywbz JJY yfxf-

kfcm 9 bñkz c ghjdtltybz

vtéleyfhjlyjuj lyz, gjcdz-

otyyjuj eybxnjétybñ ktu-

rjuj b cnhtkrjdjuj jheébz.

Ghbpsd r eybxnjétybñ kbi-

ytuj jheébz åsk, gj dctq db-

lbvjcnb, djcghbyzn ghfdb-

ntkmcndjv Cjñpyjq Htcgeå-

kbrb Ñujckfdbb (CHÑ), rj-

njhjt jåüzdbkj j gkfyfö

eybxnjétybz rhegysö gfh-

nbq kturjuj b cnhtkrjdjuj

jheébz, jcjåtyyj njuj, rjnj-

hjt åskj rjyabcrjdfyj e

rjynhfåfylbcnjd.

Herjdjlbntkm Vbccbb

JÅCT d CHÑ Cntafyj Cfy-

ybyj ghbdtncndjdfk änj pfzd-

ktybt rfr ≤tot jlyj ljrfpf-

ntkmcndj ndthljq htibvjcnb

[dkfcntq] cjåkñlfnm cdjb jåzpfntkm-

cndf, pfabrcbhjdfyyst d ljrevtynfö

JÅCT, b d xfcnyjcnb d Ljrevtynt

JÅCT j kturjv b cnhtkrjdjv jhe-

ébb≥.

Ghfdbntkmcndj Öjhdfnbb nfrét

jpyfvtyjdfkj änjn ltym eybxnjétyb-

tv 449 tlbybw jheébz b 44 652 tlb-

ybw dphsdxfnsö åjtghbgfcjd. Pf ghj-

wtlehjq eybxnjétybz yfåkñlfkb

byjcnhfyyst lbgkjvfns, drkñxfz

pfvtcnbntkz herjdjlbntkz Vbccbb

JÅCT d Öjhdfnbb Njllf Åtrthf.

Rjyathtywbz d Ymñ-Qjhrt cnf-

dbn wtkmñ cjukfcjdfybt ghjuhfvvs

ltqcndbq Jhufybpfwbb Jåütlbytyysö

Yfwbq d dblt gjkbnbxtcrb jåzpf-

ntkmyjq ltrkfhfwbb, ghbpsdfñotq

ujcelfhcndf-xktys dytcnb åjktt dt-

cjvsq drkfl d ghtrhfotybt ytpfrjy-

yjq njhujdkb cnhtkrjdsv jheébtv

D Öjhdfnbb yfxfkj Rjyathtywbb JJY gj kturjve

jheébñ åskj jpyfvtyjdfyj vthjghbznbzvb ghfdb-

ntkmcndf gj eybxnjétybñ rhegysö gfhnbq jheébz.

≤Dtx

thyb

q kbc

n≥, Öjh

dfnb

z, a

jnjf

höbd

D cdjtv bynthdmñ Vfhbfyyf ajy

Uhñybuty, herjdjlbntkm ltktufwbb

Idtqwfhbb d JÅCT c 1997 gj rjytw

vfz ysytiytuj ujlf, rfr exfcnybr

ghjwtccf ltkbncz cdjbvb djcgjvbyf-

ybzvb j njv, rfr Cjdtofybt gj åtpj-

gfcyjcnb b cjnhelybxtcnde d Tdhjgt

(CÅCT) ghtdhfnbkjcm d JÅCT – rheg-

ytqieñ jhufybpfwbñ d vbht gj djghj-

cfv htubjyfkmyjq åtpjgfcyjcnb.

≤Dtcnybr≥: Rfrjds åskb dfib gth-

dst dgtxfnktybz j ghjwtcct CÅCT?

Ghtélt dctuj vyt rfpfkjcm, xnj

juhjvysv ljcnbétybtv åsk eét

cfv afrn yfxfkf gjkbnbxtcrjuj ghj-

wtccf d Tdhjgt, d hfvrfö rjnjhjuj

Djcnjr b Pfgfl dcnhtnbkbcm pf jl-

ybv cnjkjv d gjgsnrt eukeåbnm dpf-

bvjgjybvfybt, b d jcjåtyyjcnb clt-

kfnm xnj-nj lkz ntö kñltq, rjnjhst

yföjlbkbcm gj lheueñ cnjhjye njuj,

xnj njulf yfpsdfkb ≤étktpysv pf-

yfdtcjv≥. Leijq z åskf dctwtkj pf

nfrjt hfpdbnbt, öjnz d nj dhtvz z

yfghzveñ yt exfcndjdfkf d änjq

hfåjnt. E vtyz njulf bvtkbcm rjt-

rfrbt ghfrnbxtcrbt djpvjéyjcnb

cjltqcndjdfnm jceotcndktybñ ytrj-

njhsö ghbywbgjd b jåzpfntkmcnd, dj-

gkjotyysö d ötkmcbyrcrjv Pfrkñ-

Vfhbfyyf ajy Uhñybuty d gjcktlybqhfp ghbcencndetn yf pfctlfybb Gj-cnjzyyjuj cjdtnf JÅCT.

D T C N Y B R


b cjrhfotybt tuj ukjåfkmysö bp-

kbirjd.

Gjcjk Hevsybb Fktrcfylhe Yb-

rektcre, dscnegfz yf Rjyathtywbb

jn bvtyb Ltqcndeñotuj ghtlctlfnt-

kz JÅCT, dshfpbk yfltéle, xnj d

ghjuhfvvt JJY yfqlen jnhfétybt

vyjubt bp jåzpfntkmcnd, pfabrcbhj-

dfyysö d Ljrevtynt JÅCT. Lfktt

jy jcjåj jnvtnbk djpvjéyjcnb lkz

cjnhelybxtcndf, pfzdbd: ≤D JÅCT

hfccxbnsdfñn yf cjnhelybxtcndj c

JJY b lheubvb vtéleyfhjlysvb

jhufybpfwbzvb, ghbxtv yt ghjcnj yf

lbfkju b lbcreccbb, f yf hfphfåjn-

re b htfkbpfwbñ rjyrhtnysö bybwbf-

nbd, rjnjhst ghbytcen gjkmpe yfbåj-

ktt yeélfñobvcz≥.

Jncencndbt tlbyjleibz d hfvrfö

JJY (yf vjvtyn dsöjlf d cdtn lfy-

yjuj dsgecrf) crjhtt dctuj yt gjpdj-

kbn cjukfcjdfnm rjvgktrc étcnrbö

jåzpfntkmcnd. Jlyfrj d ghjuhfvvt

ltqcndbq, gj dctq dthjznyjcnb, åeltn

gjlxthryenf dféyfz hjkm htubj-

yfkmysö jhufybpfwbq, yfghbvth

JÅCT, d hfphfåjnrt åjktt étcnrbö

yjhv åjhmås c njhujdktq cnhtkrj-

dsv jheébtv.

Exbnsdfz nfreñ gthcgtrnbde,

Ltqcndeñobq ghtlctlfntkm, vb-

ybcnh byjcnhfyysö ltk Hevsybb

Vbhxf Léjfyf d cdjtv dscnegktybb

yf pfctlfybb Gjcnjzyyjuj cjdtnf

JÅCT 21 bñyz dscrfpfk vsckm j

njv, xnj JÅCT tot yt bcxthgfkf

cdjbö djpvjéyjcntq d djghjct jåtc-

gtxtybz dsgjkytybz d gjkyjv jåüt-

vt Ljrevtynf j kturjv b cnhtkrj-

djv jheébb.

≤Vs vjétv ghtlghbybvfnm vt-

ytt rhegyjvfcinfåyst vths hfpj-

heétybz, yfghbvth cåjh jheébz, –

crfpfk jy. – Vs vjétn gjdsifnm

jcdtljvktyyjcnm jå jgfcyjcnzö b gj-

nhtåyjcnzö, jcjåtyyj d ntö htubjyfö,

ult vtéleyfhjlyjt cjjåotcndj

ghtlcnfdktyj ckfåj, yj ult JÅCT

jåtcgtxbdftn cdjt ghbcencndbt d db-

lt vbccbq yf vtcnfö. Vs vjétv

ghbdktrfnm dybvfybt vtéleyfhjl-

yjq jåotcndtyyjcnb, lfdfnm htrj-

vtylfwbb ujcelfhcndfv, relf jåhf-

ofnmcz pf gjvjomñ, ckeébnm d rf-

xtcndt cdzpeñotuj pdtyf vtéle ht-

ubjyfkmysvb vtöfybpvfvb b ghjdj-

lbnm ghjuhfvvs jåextybz...

Ghbjhbntnysv djghjcjv ljkéyj

åsnm erhtgktybt gjuhfybxysö

ckeéå yf yfghfdktybb åjhmås c rjy-

nhfåfyljq åtp jckjéytybz pfrjyyjq

nhfycuhfybxyjq njhujdkb b juhfyb-

xtybz cdjåjls gthtldbétybz kñ-

ltq≥.

o

≤Ghb yfkbxbb gjkbnbxtcrjq djkb vs, d cdjñ jxthtlm, vjétv htfkmyj ltqcndjdfnm≥Vfhbfyyf ajy Uhñybuty hfpvsikztn j ghjwtcct ädjkñwbb CÅCT/JÅCT

JÅCT

D T C N Y B R


o

xbntkmyjv frnt, gjcrjkmre c 1982 gj

1986 ujl z hfåjnfkf d Vjcrdt. Z hfp-

ltkzkf vytybt j dféyjcnb pflfxb

dshfåjnrb vth erhtgktybz ljdthbz

b åtpjgfcyjcnb. Dvtcnt c ntv z ås-

kf eåtéltyf, xnj nfrbt vths ytjå-

öjlbvs yt njkmrj d djtyyj-gjkbnb-

xtcrjq jåkfcnb, yj b d jåkfcnb xt-

kjdtxtcrjuj bpvthtybz. Nfrjds ås-

kb vjb gthdst dgtxfnktybz.

Dj dhtvz Dfitq ckeéås d Vjcrdt d

rfrbö ghfrnbxtcrbö ltqcndbzö gj

jceotcndktybñ ötkmcbyrcrbö ghbywb-

gjd Ds exfcndjdfkb?

Hfpevttncz, d nt lyb lbccbltyns

yt bvtkb djpvjéyjcnb gjctofnm

idtqwfhcrjt gjcjkmcndj. Jlyfrj vs

xfcnj dscnegfkb c ltvfhifvb d vb-

ybcnthcndt byjcnhfyysö ltk, cjjå-

ofz, yfghbvth, j ntö bkb bysö by-

wbltynfö, j rjnjhsö lj yfc ljöjlb-

kb cdtltybz, b nhtåez jn dkfcntq ght-

rhfnbnm nhfdkñ bkb jcdjåjlbnm nj-

uj bkb byjuj lbccbltynf.

Jlybv bp ntö, rnj åsk ghtlvt-

njv yfitq jcjåjq pfåjns, åsk frf-

ltvbr Cföfhjd. D nj dhtvz jy dvtc-

nt cj cdjtq étyjq yföjlbkcz d ccsk-

rt d Ujhmrjv, b vs åskb dtcmvf

jåtcgjrjtys cjcnjzybtv tuj pljhj-

dmz b tuj lfkmytqitq celmåjq.

Gjljåyst bybwbfnbds, rjnjhst

ghbybvfkbcm b d pfobne vyjubö lhe-

ubö lbccbltynjd, åskb ghzvsv ds-

gjkytybtv gjkjétybq ötkmcbyrcrj-

uj Pfrkñxbntkmyjuj frnf.

Rfr Ds jwtybdftnt jåott hfpdbnbt

CÅCT lj njuj vjvtynf, rjulf d 1994

ujle jyj ghtdhfnbkjcm d jhufybpf-

wbñ?

Rhbnbxtcrjq njxrjq cnfk 1989

ujl, rjulf heöyekf Åthkbycrfz cntyf.

Lkz vtyz änj åskj jcjåsv cjåsnb-

tv, gjcrjkmre 6 yjzåhz 1989 ujlf z

djpdhfnbkfcm bp Ötkmcbyrb d Åthy b

åskf yfpyfxtyf rehbhjdfnm chtlb

ghjxbö djghjcjd b CÅCT. 9 yjzåhz

yfxfkcz ltvjynfé Åthkbycrjq cntys.

D njn gthbjl djghjc cnjzk nfr:

dsgjkybkj kb CÅCT cdjñ vbccbñ?

Vjéyj kb åskj crfpfnm: vjk, ght-

rhfcyj, ghjåktvs Djcnjr-Pfgfl ht-

itys, bkb vs ljkéys gjgsnfnmcz

jghtltkbnm, rfr gjcnegbnm c CÅCT,

xnjås jyj vjukj ghbytcnb gjkmpe b

d gthbjl, yfxfdibqcz gjckt jrjyxf-

ybz ≤öjkjlyjq≥ djqys? Jndtn yf änj

gjcktljdfk d dblt Gfhbécrjq öfh-

nbb. Z lj cbö gjh jxtym hflf njve,

xnj jy åsk gjpbnbdysv.

Vyjubt d Idtqwfhbb, rfr b z, c

cfvjuj yfxfkf cxbnfkb, xnj CÅCT

dsébdtn, tckb ghtdhfnbncz d aeyr-

wbjyfkmyeñ jhufybpfwbñ. Vyt jxtym

öjntkjcm, xnjås vs pfyzkbcm cnhf-

yfvb, ult ceotcndjdfkb ghtlgjcsk-

rb lkz rhbpbcf.

Öjnz gj-ghtéytve ytjåöjlbvj

vtcnj, ult 55 ltktufwbq vjukb ås

dtcnb gthtujdjhs b gjkbnbxtcrbq

lbfkju, ljkéys ceotcndjdfnm b djp-

vjéyjcnb lkz ghzvsö gthtujdjhjd

c dkfcnzvb b ghtlvtnyjq hfåjns c

yfctktybtv yf vtcnfö c wtkmñ er-

htgktybz cnfåbkmyjcnb. Bvtyyj nf-

rbt djpvjéyjcnb b jåtcgtxbdftn yfv

ctujlyz ltzntkmyjcnm vbccbq, Åñhj

gj ltvjrhfnbxtcrbv bycnbnenfv b

ghfdfv xtkjdtrf, Dthöjdyjuj rjvbc-

cfhf gj ltkfv yfwbjyfkmysö vtym-

ibycnd b Ghtlcnfdbntkz gj djghj-

cfv cdjåjls chtlcnd vfccjdjq by-

ajhvfwbb.

Gjckt gththsdf, d ntxtybt rjnjhjuj

Ds hfåjnfkb d Tubgnt, Ds dyjdm dkb-

kbcm d cjcnfd JÅCT d 1997 ujle d rf-

xtcndt herjdjlbntkz ltktufwbb

Idtqwfhbb. Bpvtybkfcm kb JÅCT?

R vjtve åjkmijve eljdktndjht-

ybñ JÅCT ltqcndbntkmyj ghtdhfnb-

kfcm d jhufybpfwbñ gj htuekbhjdf-

ybñ rhbpbcjd. Rjulf z dthyekfcm,

dybvfybt åskj cjchtljnjxtyj yf

Åjcybb b Uthwtujdbyt, Fkåfybb, f pf-

ntv Öjhdfnbb. Yj crjhj yfitq jc-

yjdyjq pfåjnjq cnfkj Rjcjdj, ult

ägbpjls gjdsityyjq yfghzétyyjc-

nb, rfr, yfghbvth, ghb ädfrefwbb

Vbccbb gj ghjdthrt d Rjcjdj, cvt-

yzkbcm ecthlyjq hfåjnjq gj cjplf-

ybñ d ntcyjv dpfbvjltqcndbb c Dht-

vtyyjq flvbybcnhfwbtq JJY yjdjq

Vbccbb d Rjcjdj. Vs njulf gjyzkb,

xnj ghbjåhtkb jgsn äaatrnbdyjq hf-

åjns d nfrbö ltkbrfnysö cbnefwbzö,

jcjpyfd ghb änjv b ytjåöjlbvjcnm cj-

dthitycndjdfnm yfib vtnjls.

JÅCT eybrfkmyf ntv, xnj vjétn

åsnm yf vtcnt hfymit kñåjq lheujq

jhufybpfwbb. Ctujlyz yfib vtöfybp-

vs nfrjds, xnj ghb yfkbxbb gjkb-

nbxtcrjq djkb vs, d cdjñ jxthtlm,

vjétv htfkmyj ltqcndjdfnm.

Rfr ås Ds jöfhfrnthbpjdfkb hjkm

dfitq cnhfys d hfpdbnbb CÅCT/

JÅCT?

C cfvjuj yfxfkf Idtqwfhbz bu-

hfkf dtcmvf frnbdyeñ hjkm d CÅCT,

yfxbyfz c dshfåjnrb Pfrkñxbntkm-

yjuj frnf, ltqcndtyyjq hjkb d hfp-

dbnbb chtlbptvyjvjhcrjuj bpvtht-

ybz b, hfpevttncz, lj cjplfybz Celf

gj ghbvbhtybñ b fhåbnhfée, rjnj-

hsq, yf yfi dpukzl, ghb yflktéf-

otv bcgjkmpjdfybb vjétn cnfnm

dtcmvf dféysv bycnhevtynjv yfitq

jhufybpfwbb.

Gjcrjkmre Idtqwfhbz yt zdkztn-

cz xktyjv JJY, yfv åkfujlfhz exfc-

nbñ d JÅCT r njve ét ghtlcnfdkz-

tncz åtcghtwtltynyfz djpvjéyjcnm

exfcndjdfnm d gjkbnbxtcrjq ébpyb

pf ghtltkfvb yfitq cnhfys. Yfghb-

vth, xthtp JÅCT vs endthélftv

jghtltktyysq ghbjhbntn åfkrfycrj-

uj htubjyf; d Idtqwfhbb ghjébdftn


D T C N Y B R

o

ytvfkj kñltq, ghjbcöjlzobö bp änj-

uj htubjyf, b vs gjllthébdftv c

ybv nhflbwbjyyst cdzpb. Vs ytvf-

kj cltkfkb, d xfcnyjcnb, lkz Åjcybb

b Uthwtujdbys. Rjulf Idtqwfhbz pf-

ybvfkf gjcn Ghtlctlfntkz, vs csu-

hfkb jghtltktyyeñ hjkm d yfhfob-

dfybb Vbccbb JÅCT d Åjcybb b Uth-

wtujdbyt, b vs gj-ghtéytve gjllth-

ébdftv c ytq cfvsq ntcysq rjynfrn.

Cjdctv ytlfdyj vs dsltkbkb yt-

vfkeñ cevve d 200 000 idtqwfhcrbö

ahfyrjd, xnjås gjvjxm Ghtlcnfdb-

ntkñ gj djghjcfv cdjåjls chtlcnd

vfccjdjq byajhvfwbb jhufybpjdfnm

yjdsq ghjtrn rekmnehyjuj öfhfrnt-

hf lkz vjkjltéb åfkrfycrbö cnhfy,

b z tplbkf d Nepke yf wthtvjybñ jn-

rhsnbz. Änj jxtym öjhjibq ghbvth

njuj, xnj vjétn b lfktt ltkfnmcz

JÅCT b rfrjq drkfl d äne hfåjne

vjétn b dghtlm dyjcbnm vjz cnhfyf.

Yfcrjkmrj dféysv lkz JÅCT zdkz-

tncz cjnhelybxtcndj c lheubvb

vtéleyfhjlysvb jhufybpfwbzvb?

Gjckt ghbyznbz d Cnfvåekt d

1999 ujle Gkfnajhvs åtpjgfcyjcnb,

jcyjdfyyjq yf cjnhelybxtcndt, dpf-

bvjltqcndbt c vtéleyfhjlysvb jh-

ufybpfwbzvb tot åjktt erhtgbkjcm.

Xhtpdsxfqyj dféyj – jcjåtyyj d ec-

kjdbzö rhbpbcf, – xnjås hfpkbxyst

vtéleyfhjlyst jhufybpfwbb yt rjy-

rehbhjdfkb, f cjnhelybxfkb lheu c

lheujv. Cfvsv ytlfdybv ghbvthjv

zdkztncz åsdifz ñujckfdcrfz Htc-

geåkbrf Vfrtljybz. JÅCT, vtöfybp-

vs htuekbhjdfybz rhbpbcjd Tdhj-

gtqcrjuj cjñpf b lheubt gfhnyths

ljkéys dpfbvyj gjlrhtgkznm lheu

lheuf b ntv cfvsv gjdsifnm äa-

atrnbdyjcnm bö jåobö ecbkbq gj lj-

cnbétybñ joenbvsö htpekmnfnjd. D

hfvrfö änjuj dpfbvjltqcndbz rfé-

lfz jhufybpfwbz cgjcjåyf dytcnb

cdjq cjåcndtyysq cgtwbabxtcrbq

drkfl. Ytcvjnhz yf ljcnjqyeñ gj-

ödfks ltzntkmyjcnm yf gjcnrjy-

akbrnyjv änfgt, JÅCT, yf vjq dpuk-

zl, tot yt ljcnftn ≤njyrjcnb ckeöf≥

b ujnjdyjcnb r ltqcndbzv yf änfgfö

hfyytuj ghtleghtéltybz b ght-

ljndhfotybz rjyakbrnjd. Ghb lfkm-

ytqitv cjdthitycndjdfybb yfituj

gjntywbfkf åscnhjuj htfubhjdfybz

yfv cktletn bvtnm d dble, xnj äa-

atrnbdyjt ghtljndhfotybt pfdbcbn

yt njkmrj jn yfkbxbz vtöfybpvjd,

yj r njve ét – b d gthdeñ jxthtlm

– jn gjkbnbxtcrjq djkb b gjkbnbxtc-

rjq xedcndbntkmyjcnb. Dct tot

ckbirjv xfcnj jrfpsdftncz, xnj vs

pfcnbuyens cjåsnbzvb dhfcgkjö b

ytljcnfnjxyj cltkfkb lkz ecnhfyt-

ybz rjhtyysö ghbxby gjntywbfkmyj-

uj rjyakbrnf.

Yfcrjkmrj cåfkfycbhjdfyysv b äa-

atrnbdysv zdkztncz gjlöjl JÅCT r

åtpjgfcyjcnb, jcyjdfyysq yf nhtö

bpvthtybzö?

Yf vjq dpukzl, vs dct tot yeé-

lftvcz d jlyjdhtvtyyjv erhtgktybb

dctö nhtö bpvthtybq JÅCT: djtyyj-

gjkbnbxtcrjuj, ärjyjvbxtcrjuj b

ärjkjubxtcrjuj, f nfrét xtkjdtxtc-

rjuj. Yfghbvth, rjulf vs jnvtxftv

jckjéytybt gjkjétybz d jåkfcnb

ghfd xtkjdtrf d njq bkb byjq cnhf-

yt, änj pfxfcneñ cjghjdjélftncz

eöelitybtv ärjyjvbxtcrjq cbnef-

wbb. Änb ldf äktvtynf dpfbvjcdzpf-

ys b vjuen lfét jrfpsdfnm djp-

ltqcndbt yf jåott gjkjétybt d jå-

kfcnb åtpjgfcyjcnb. Gjänjve yfv

cktletn åjktt frnbdyj ghbvtyznm

änjn dctjåütvkñobq gjlöjl r åtpj-

gfcyjcnb b d ghfrnbxtcrjq ltzntkm-

yjcnb. Vyt ghtlcnfdkztncz, yfghb-

vth, xnj Gjcnjzyysq cjdtn vju ås

cnfnm cdjtuj hjlf ujkjdysv jhufyjv

gj dctv nhtv bpvthtybzv, ghtndjhzz

gjkbnbxtcrbt htitybz d åjktt xtn-

rbt ecnfyjdrb. Änj gjckeébkj ås

gjpbnbdysv cbuyfkjv lkz ntö, rnj

éfketncz, xnj bö njkmrj rhbnbreñn

gj kbybb xtkjdtxtcrjuj bpvthtybz,

yj ybrfr yt gjvjufñn bv d lheubö

bpvthtybzö. Vjéyj åskj ås jåce-

lbnm gjktpyjcnm b lheubö jhufybpf-

wbjyyj-flvbybcnhfnbdysö bltq.

Dféytqitq pflfxtq zdkztncz dshfd-

ybdfybt åfkfycf, nfr xnjås änj ås-

kj jxtdblysv b pltcm, d Dtyt.

Cxbnftnt kb Ds wtktcjjåhfpysv

cltkfnm ltzntkmyjcnm Jhufybpfwbb

åjktt pfvtnyjq?

Ghtélt dctuj, z levfñ, xnj pf-

vtnyjcnm dféyf lkz yfctktybz ntö

cnhfy, ult vs dtltv cdjñ ltzntkm-

yjcnm. Änj gthdjt.

Pfvtnyjcnm nfrét dtcmvf dféyf

lkz cfvbö yfibö cnhfy, ujcelfhcnd-

exfcnybrjd, gjcrjkmre d cdjtq ltz-

ntkmyjcnb vs yeélftvcz d gjllth-

ért yfibö ghfdbntkmcnd, f jxtym

xfcnj r njve ét b yfibö gfhkfvty-

njd, d xfcnyjcnb, rjulf yfv ytvtl-

ktyyj nhtåetncz pyfxbntkmyfz cev-

vf ltytu. Rjulf jåotcndtyyjcnm,

gfhkfvtyn, yfit herjdjlcndj kexit

jcdtljvktys jå Jhufybpfwbb gj åt-

pjgfcyjcnb b cjnhelybxtcnde d Tdhj-

gt b pyfñn j ytq yt njkmrj gj jnxt-

nfv, jyb vjuen cjcnfdbnm åjktt

jåütrnbdyjt ghtlcnfdktybt j njv,

xtv JÅCT pfybvftncz b rfr jyf

ltqcndetn, b ghjzdkzñn åjkmieñ

crkjyyjcnm gjllthéfnm Jhufybpf-

wbñ d gjkbnbxtcrjv b abyfycjdjv

jnyjitybb.

D T C N Y B R

o18 Njv ªÈÈÈ, Nj. 7

D T C N Y B R

o

Gjdcñle yf Åfkrfyfö cjnhelybrb

ghfdjjöhfybntkmysö jhufyjd cnfk-

rbdfñncz c utylthysvb ghjåktvfvb,

d htitybb rjnjhsö jåsxyst vtnjls

ghjatccbjyfkmyjq gjlujnjdrb jrfps-

dfñncz åtccbkmysvb. D Fkåfybb gj-

kbwbb ythtlrj ghböjlbncz bvtnm lt-

kj c yfcbkmcndtyysvb ghtcnegktybz-

vb utylthyjuj öfhfrnthf, rjnjhst

nhtåeñn yjdjuj gjlöjlf. D änjq cdz-

pb JÅCT dsltkbkf ytvfkst htcehcs

yf wtkb gjlujnjdrb b gthtgjlujnjdrb.

D ghjikjv vtczwt Ghbcencndbt

JÅCT d Fkåfybb c ecgtöjv pfdthib-

kj ghjdtltybt extåyjuj rehcf lkz

fkåfycrbö gjkbwtqcrbö bycnhernj-

hjd d gjkbwtqcrjv exbkbot d Nbhf-

yt; änjn rehc åsk gjcdzoty utylth-

ysv djghjcfv, b d xfcnyjcnb cnthtj-

nbgfv b ghtlcnfdktybzv j vtcnt

veéxby b étyoby d jåotcndt, yfcb-

kbñ d ctvmt b njhujdkt kñlmvb.

Jåextybt yf änjv rehct, ghjdjlbd-

itvcz 25–29 bñyz yf chtlcndf, ds-

ltktyyst gjlhfpltktybtv gj åjhmåt

c njhujdktq kñlmvb Åñhj JÅCT gj

ltvjrhfnbxtcrbv bycnbnenfv b ghf-

dfv xtkjdtrf (ÅLBGX), ghjikb 12

gjkbwtqcrbö bycnhernjhjd.

D rfxtcndt åfpjdsö ghb jåextybb

åskb bcgjkmpjdfys vfnthbfks, gth-

djyfxfkmyj gjlujnjdktyyst lkz

rehcf, cjdvtcnyj jhufybpjdfyyjuj d

bñyt 2000 ujlf ÅLBGX/JÅCT b Eg-

hfdktybtv Dthöjdyjuj rjvbccfhf

Jhufybpfwbb Jåütlbytyysö Yfwbq gj

ghfdfv xtkjdtrf, yf ntve ≤Gjkbwtq-

crfz ltzntkmyjcnm d pfobne ghfd

étyoby: yfcbkbt d ctvmt, ghjcnbne-

wbz b njhujdkz étyobyfvb≥.

Jlby bycnhernjh gj ghfdfv xtkj-

dtrf, hfytt hfåjnfdibq d cjcnfdt

vbccbb gj gjlujnjdrt gjkbwtqcrbö

rflhjd, jhufybpjdfyyjq Pfgflyjtd-

hjgtqcrbv cjñpjv, b bycnhernjhf bp

yfwbjyfkmyjq Ctnb ghjnbd yfcbkbz

yf utylthyjq gjxdt b njhujdkb kñlm-

vb cjdvtcnysvb ecbkbzvb jåyjdbkb

extåyst vfnthbfks b ghjdtkb jåe-

xtybt.

Ckeifntkb åskb yfåhfys bp xbc-

kf ghtgjlfdfntktq gjkbwtqcrjuj

exbkbof b gjkbwtqcrjq frfltvbb; yf

pfyznbzö bcgjkmpjdfkbcm bynthfr-

nbdyst vtnjls jåextybz, jcyjdfy-

yst yf exfcnbb ckeifntktq. D öjlt

ytltkmysö pfyznbq hfccvfnhbdfkbcm

ghfrnbxtcrbt ghbvths b ghjdjlb-

kbcm ltkjdst buhs gj cgtwbabxtcrb

fkåfycrjq ntvfnbrt.

Jnpsds j rehct gjcnegbkb cfvst

gjkjébntkmyst, b åskb yfpdfys nhb

jcyjdysö ghbxbys ecgtöf. Dj-gth-

dsö, gjkbwtqcrbv bycnhernjhfv yt

åskj bpdtcnyj j hfåjnt fkåfycrbö

YGJ, döjlzobö d cjcnfd Ctnb, b j

yfkbxbb d cnhfyt ärcgthnyjuj gjnty-

wbfkf gj änbv djghjcfv. Dj-dnjhsö,

bycnhernjhf, gj cjåcndtyyjve ghb-

pyfybñ, jåkflfkb kbim gjdthöyjc-

nysvb pyfybzvb d änjq jåkfcnb b yt

gjljphtdfkb j ceotcndjdfybb pfrj-

yjlfntkmcndf, rjnjhjt vjukj ås äa-

atrnbdyj bcgjkmpjdfnmcz lkz euj-

kjdyjuj ghtcktljdfybz dbyjdysö d

frnfö yfcbkbz d ctvmt b njhujdkt

kñlmvb. B, yfrjytw, d cjpyfybt

bycnhernjhjd c cfvjuj yfxfkf yt ås-

kj d gjkyjq vtht pfkjétyj gjyznbt

ghfd éthnd yfcbkbz yf utylthyjq gj-

xdt b gjybvfybt ytjåöjlbvjcnb ghb-

vtytybz gjkbwtqcrbö vth d jnyjit-

ybb nfrjuj yfcbkbz.

Lbhtrnjh gjkbwtqcrjuj exbkbof

gjkrjdybr Öbrvtn Åepb, nfrét åsd-

ibq d xbckt ckeifntktq, dgjcktlcn-

dbb crfpfk: ≤Gj cdjtve cjlthéfybñ

rehc åsk dtcmvf dgtxfnkzñobv, b

z yfvthty jåtcgtxbnm drkñxtybt tuj

vfnthbfkjd d extåyeñ ghjuhfvve

gjkbwtqcrjuj exbkbof≥.

Lkz yfåkñltybz pf jåextybtv

åsk nfrét ghbukfity lbhtrnjh gj

djghjcfv jnyjitybq c jåotcndtyyjc-

nmñ vbybcnthcndf jåotcndtyyjuj gj-

hzlrf. Jåf lbhtrnjhf gjplytt pfzdb-

kb j cdjtv ndthljv yfvthtybb d gth-

cgtrnbdt hfphfåjnfnm ghb exfcnbb

JÅCT ghjuhfvve, rjnjhfz gjpdjkb-

kf ås ghbrjvfylbhjdfnm änbö gjkb-

wtqcrbö bycnhernjhjd dvtcnt c

bycnhernjhfvb jn Ctnb ghjnbd yfcb-

kbz yf utylthyjq gjxdt b njhujdkb

kñlmvb r rféljve gjkbwtqcrjve

rjvbccfhbfne Fkåfybb. Nfrfz ghj-

uhfvvf cnfdbkf ås wtkmñ gjdscbnm

jcdtljvktyyjcnm b rdfkbabrfwbñ

gjkbwtqcrbö, hfåjnfñobö yf vtcnfö

b bvtñobö ghzvst rjynfrns c éth-

ndfvb yfcbkbz yf utylthyjq gjxdt.

Ghbcencndbt JÅCT d Fkåfybb ghjdjlbnjåextybt gjkbwtqcrbö bycnhernjhjd gjutylthyjq ntvfnbrt

ÅLBGX/JÅCT b Ghbcencndbt JÅCT dFkåfybb jhufybpjdfkb cgtwbfkbpbhj-dfyyjt jåextybt gjkbwtqcrbö bycnher-njhjd gj utylthyjq ntvfnbrt.

JÅCT/G

hbce

ncnd

bt d

Fkåf

ybb

D T C N Y B R


o

Dhfvrfö dtleotujcz Jnltkjv

ghtccs b jåotcndtyyjq

byajhvfwbb äktrnhjyyjuj

ajnjfhöbdf d JÅCT åsk jhufybpj-

dfy rjyrehc ≤Ajnjuhfabz vtczwf≥.

J njv, rnj cnfk gjåtlbntktv rjy-

rehcf d bñkt 2001 ujlf, vjé-

yj epyfnm yf cfqnt, ult hfpvtoty

äktrnhjyysq ajnjfhöbd JÅCT

(www.osce.org/photos); yf änjv cfqnt

nt, rjuj änj bynthtcetn: ajnjuhfas,

ghtlcnfdbntkb CVB b lheubt gjkm-

pjdfntkb, – vjuen jpyfrjvbnmcz c

ajnjuhfabzvb, hfccrfpsdfñobvb j

hfåjnt jhufybpfwbb, tt vbccbq b by-

cnbnenjd.

Yf ajnjuhfabb, gjåtlbditq yf

rjyrehct, (ghbdtltyf dsit) bpjåhf-

étys fkåfycrbt uhfélfyt, pfgjk-

yzñobt cdjb åñkktntyb dj dhtvz

gfhkfvtyncrbö dsåjhjd, ghjöjlbd-

ibö 24 bñyz (ajnj Tycf Äityåtöt-

hf, JÅCT).

JÅCT ghbybvftn lkz drkñxtybz

d fhöbd cybvrb jn dytinfnysö aj-

njuhfajd b ytpfdbcbvsö futyncnd.

Vfnthbfkmyjt djpyfuhféltybt ghtl-

kjétyj åsnm yt vjétn, yj, dj dcz-

rjv ckexft, åelen gjkyjcnmñ erfps-

dfnmcz fdnjh ajnjuhfabb b tt bcnjx-

ybr. Kexitt ajnj åeltn gjvtofnm-

cz d ärcgjpbwbb JÅCT d rfxtcndt

≤ajnjuhfabb vtczwf≥. Ljgjkyb-

ntkmyeñ byajhvfwbñ vjéyj gjke-

xbnm e ghtcc-ctrhtnfhz Léjcmñ Fy-

ctkvj d Ctrhtnfhbfnt JÅCT. Ntk.:

+43-1 51436-180, afrc: +43-1 514 36

105, äk. gjxnf: infoÍosce.org

Rjyrehc JÅCT ≤Ajnjuhfabz vtczwf≥

Fkåfycrbt uhfélfyt,

pfgjkyzñobt cdjb

åñkktntyb dj dhtvz

gfhkfvtyncrbö dsåj-

hjd 24 bñyz.

Tyc

Äi

tyåt

öth/

JÅCT

D T C N Y B R


o

Yjdjcnb c vtcnYf ctujlyziybq ltym e JÅCT bvtñncz vbccbb bkb lheubt ajhvs ltzntkmyjcnb yf vtcnfö d Fpthåfqléfyt, Fkåfybb,

Fhvtybb, Åtkfhecb, Åjcybb b Uthwtujdbyt, Uhepbb, Rfpföcnfyt, Rjcjdj (Ñujckfdbz), Rshuspcnfyt, Kfndbb, Crjgmt

(åsdifz ñujckfdcrfz Htcgeåkbrf Vfrtljybz), Vjkljdt, Hjccbb, Nflébrbcnfyt, Nehrvtybcnfyt, Epåtrbcnfyt, Erhfbyt,

Öjhdfnbb, Äcnjybb b Ñujckfdbb. Ybét ghbdjlzncz rhfnrbt cjjåotybz j ytrjnjhsö fcgtrnfö ltzntkmyjcnb yf vtcnfö pf

gjcktlytt dhtvz.

Extåysq ctvbyfh lkz

uhfélfycrbö ckeéfobö Rjcjdj

7–9 bñyz d Ghbinbyt cjcnjzkcz

nhtölytdysq ctvbyfh lkz yjdsö

uhfélfycrbö ckeéfobö, rjjhlbyf-

njhjv rjnjhjuj dscnegbk eghfdkzt-

vsq JÅCT Bycnbnen uhfélfycrjq

flvbybcnhfwbb (BUF) d Rjcjdj. Änjn

ctvbyfh, ghtcktljdfdibq wtkm ghb-

dbnbz yfdsrjd ghjatccbjyfkmyjq

flvbybcnhfnbdyjq ltzntkmyjcnb,

ghjdjlbkcz d hfvrfö jlyjq bp ghj-

uhfvv jåextybz, ghbpdfyysö jrf-

pfnm gjvjom yjdsv flvbybcnhfnbd-

ysv cnhernehfv yf vtcnfö d dsgjk-

ytybb bö aeyrwbq. ≤Wtkm änjuj ct-

vbyfhf – gjvjxm herjdjlbntkzv fl-

vbybcnhfwbq ghbdbnm ghjatccbj-

yfkmysq gjlöjl r dsgjkytybñ

ckjéyjq hfåjns gj eghfdktybñ ltz-

ntkmyjcnmñ veybwbgfkmysö cjåhf-

ybq, – crfpfk yfxfkmybr Jnltkf

jåtcgtxtybz ltzntkmyjcnb uhfélfy-

crbö flvbybcnhfwbq JÅCT Åmçhy

Fhty. – Änj cjdthityyj ytjåöjlb-

vj, xnjås cjplfnm hfåjnjcgjcjåyeñ

veybwbgfkmyeñ cnhernehe d Rjcj-

dj≥. Yf ctvbyfht jåceélfkcz djghjc

jå bycnhevtynfhbb, ytjåöjlbvjv

lkz ljkujchjxyjuj gkfybhjdfybz yf

veybwbgfkmyjv ehjdyt, drkñxfz

ghbdbnbt yfdsrjd herjdjlzotq hf-

åjns, yfåjh gthcjyfkf, hfpdbnbt

kñlcrbö htcehcjd b hfcghtltktybt

jåzpfyyjcntq vtéle ukfdfvb flvb-

ybcnhfwbq b ghtlctlfntkzvb cjåhf-

ybq.

Gkfys gjdsitybz hjkb YGJ d

Rjcjdj

16 bñyz Vbccbz JÅCT d Rjcjdj

(VR) b Fccfvåktz ytghfdbntkmcn-

dtyysö jhufybpfwbq (YGJ) Rjcjdj

jhufybpjdfkb rjycekmnfnbdyjt cjdt-

ofybt gj djghjcfv cjdthitycndjdf-

ybz cjnhelybxtcndf. Jcyjdyjq wt-

kmñ cjdtofybz åskj djcgbnfybt

xedcndf ghbxfcnyjcnb r ghjbcöjlz-

otve yf vtcnfö chtlb YGJ rhfz. D

xbckt ghjxbö jåceélfkbcm djghjcs

cjplfybz ecnjqxbdjq b äaatrnbdyjq

byahfcnhernehs, rjnjhfz vjukf ås

bcgjkmpjdfnmcz YGJ d rhft b ghtl-

cnfdkznm bö. ≤Vs yflttvcz, xnj rj-

cjdcrbt YGJ cjdvtcnysvb ecbkbz-

vb åelen dyjcbnm cdjq drkfl d cj-

plfybt ghjxyjuj uhfélfycrjuj jå-

otcndf, rjnjhjt jåtcgtxbkj ås gj-

ljnxtnyjcnm ujcelfhcndtyysö jhuf-

yjd uhfélfyfv cnhfys≥, – crfpfk bc-

gjkyzñobq jåzpfyyjcnb herjdjlb-

ntkz jnltkf uhfélfycrjuj jåotcn-

df Vbccbb Dfktynby Vbntd.

D gjkbwtqcrjv exbkbot

ghjdjlbncz rjyuhtcc vjkjltéb

Rjcjdj 2001 ujlf

Eghfdkztvjt VR exbkbot gjkb-

wtqcrjq ckeéås Rjcjdj (EGCR) d

Dexbnhyt cnfkj vtcnjv ghjdtltybz

26–29 bñyz rjyuhtccf vjkjltéb

2001 ujlf. Änj vthjghbznbt, yf rj-

njhjt cütöfkbcm ghtlcnfdbntkb hfp-

kbxysö jåoby ghjdbywbb, åskj jh-

ufybpjdfyj Ghjuhfvvjq hfpdbnbz

JJY b Vtéleyfhjlysv rjvbntnjv

cgfctybz d hfvrfö Ghjuhfvvs cnb-

vekbhjdfybz cjwbfkmyjq frnbdyjcnb

vjkjltéb yf gjcnrjyakbrnyjv änf-

gt. D öjlt xtnshtölytdyjuj vthjg-

hbznbz åskb jhufybpjdfys dctdjp-

vjéyst ghfrnbrevs, cjcnjzkbcm

lbcreccbb j åeleotv vjkjltéysö

YGJ. ≤Vs c åjkmibv eljdjkmcn-

dbtv exfcndetv d änjv vthjghbznbb

b ghtljcnfdkztv bvtñobtcz e yfc

djpvjéyjcnb d hfcgjhzétybt vjkj-

ltéb, – crfpfk lbhtrnjh EGCR Cnbd

Åtyytn. – Ctujlyz vjkjlsv kñlzv

bp hfpkbxysö jåoby yt xfcnj elftn-

cz cjåhfnmcz dvtcnt b gjexfcndjdfnm

d lbfkjut. Jlyfrj exbkbot cfvj gj

ctåt zdkztncz vyjujänybxtcrbv pf-

dtltybtv b gjnjve gjlöjlzobv vtc-

njv, ult dct jyb vjuen gjjåofnmcz

b gjpyfrjvbnmcz lheu c lheujv åtp

dczrbö jgfctybq≥.

Vbccbz JÅCT jnrhsdftn gthdsq

≤Ljv ltvjrhfnbb≥ d Gtxt

7 bñkz Vbccbtq JÅCT d Rjcjdj

åsk jabwbfkmyj jnrhsn ≤Ljv lt-

vjrhfnbb≥ d Gtxt; d ytv gjl jlyjq

rhsitq åelen cjceotcndjdfnm nhb

dféytqibö rjvgjytynf rjcjdcrjuj

jåotcndf: gjkbnbxtcrbt gfhnbb,

YGJ b CVB. ≤Ljv ltvjrhfnbb≥ hfc-

gjkfuftn gjvtotybtv b jåjheljdf-

ybtv lkz cjåhfybq, f nfrét vjétn

ckeébnm vtcnjv lkz ghjdtltybz pf-

yznbq b cjdtofybq. Lj ytlfdytuj

dhtvtyb Vbccbz cjplfdfkf aeyr-

wbjybhjdfdibt jnltkmyj wtynhs jå-

ckeébdfybz gjkbnbxtcrbö gfhnbq,

wtynhs htcehcjd lkz YGJ b rjvve-

yfkmyst wtynhs (gthdsq wtynh ht-

D T C N Y B R


o

cehcjd jnrhskcz c Gtxt jrjkj 2 ktn

yfpfl). Jlyfrj ntgthm jåütlbytybt

gjkbnbxtcrbö gfhnbq, YGJ b CVB

gjl jlyjq rhsitq ljkéyj cjplfnm

eckjdbz lkz jåvtyf bltzvb b ecnf-

yjdktybz tcntcndtyysö cdzptq vté-

le ybvb.

Cjnhelybrb gjkbwbb Åjcybb b

Uthwtujdbys ghjöjlzn jåextybt gj

djghjcfv CVB

8 bñyz pfdthibkbcm pfyznbz yf

ghjdjlbditvcz Vbccbtq JÅCT d

Åjcybb b Uthwtujdbyt (ÅbU) rehct

lkz ghtcc-ctrhtnfhtq b lheubö ghtl-

cnfdbntktq dctö ghfdjjöhfybntkmysö

jhufyjd ldeö jåhfpjdfybq cnhfys:

Atlthfwbb b Htcgeåkbrb Cthåcrjq.

Änjn rehc ghjdjlbkcz dj dpfbvj-

ltqcndbb cj Cgtwbfkmysvb vtéle-

yfhjlysvb gjkbwtqcrbvb cbkfvb

JJY d ÅbU. ≤Gjkbwbb ghbyflktébn

dtcmvf dféyfz hjkm d ecnfyjdktybb

jnyjitybq ljdthbz c jåotcndtyyjc-

nmñ, djpvjéyj, lfét åjkmifz, xtv

hjkm kñåjuj lheujuj jabwbfkmyjuj

jhufyf, gjcrjkmre gjkbwtqcrbt

cnjkm xfcnj rjynfrnbheñn c kñlm-

vb, – crfpfkf lbhtrnjh jnltkf Vbc-

cbb gj djghjcfv CVB H. Vfrrfhnb.

– Djn gjxtve gjkbwbz yeélftncz d

ghtcc-ctrhtnfhzö, rjnjhst åskb ås

cgjcjåys cyfåéfnm jåotcndtyyjcnm

b CVB njxyjq, yfltéyjq b cdjtdht-

vtyyjq byajhvfwbtq. D ltvjrhfnb-

xtcrjv jåotcndt änf aeyrwbz ytpf-

vtybvf≥.

Cgtwbfkbcns gj yfhrjnbrfv bp

Fåöfpbb b Ñéyjq Jctnbb yf

rjyathtywbb JÅCT

21–22 bñyz cgtwbfkbcns gj yfh-

rjnbrfv bp Fåöfpbb b Ñéyjq Jct-

nbb ghbyzkb exfcnbt d jhufybpjdfy-

yjq JÅCT d Ceöevb (Uhepbz) dcnht-

xt. D öjlt lbcreccbq jcjåj gjlxth-

rbdfkfcm pflfxf ghjabkfrnbrb yfh-

rjvfybb b ktxtybz yfhrjvfyjd, b d

xfcnyjcnb nhelyjcnb, cdzpfyyst c

ghjuhfvvfvb, jcyjdfyysvb yf ghb-

vtytybb vtnfljyf. Vyjubt dscnegfd-

ibt ujdjhbkb j ytjåöjlbvjcnb cj-

dvtcnysö bybwbfnbd. ≤Änj åskj

dtcmvf gkjljndjhyjt vthjghbznbt,

bvtñott dféytqitt pyfxtybt lkz

lfkmytqituj hfpdbnbz cjnhelybxtcn-

df chtlb dhfxtq d njq jåkfcnb, ult

yt ljkéyj ceotcndjdfnm uhfybw≥, –

crfpfk uhepbycrbq dhfx Utkf Ktléf-

df. Tuj rjkktuf bp Fåöfpbb Léfy-

cer Fyef ljåfdbk: ≤Jlybv bp dfé-

ysö htpekmnfnjd dcnhtxb åskj ecnf-

yjdktybt ghjatccbjyfkmysö rjynfr-

njd, xtve cgjcjåcndjdfkf wfhbdifz

yf dcnhtxt lheétcndtyyfz b ntgkfz

fnvjcathf≥.

Wtynh d Fkvf-Fnt jhufybpetn

nhtnmñ dcnhtxe ≤pf rheuksv

cnjkjv≥ gj djghjcfv dsåjhjd d

Rfpföcnfyt

11 bñyz d cnjkbwt Rfpföcnfyf Fc-

nfyt gjl äubljq Wtynhf JÅCT d Fk-

vf-Fnt cjcnjzkfcm nhtnmz dcnhtxf

≤pf rheuksv cnjkjv≥, gjcdzotyyfz

dsåjhfv. Rfr b ghtlsleobt, ysyti-

yzz dcnhtxf cnfdbkf wtkmñ cjltqcn-

djdfnm cjdthitycndjdfybñ pfrjyj-

lfntkmcndf j dsåjhfö gentv dsgjk-

ytybz htrjvtylfwbq, cjlthéfoböcz

d pfrkñxbntkmyjv ljrkflt ÅLBGX

j gfhkfvtyncrbö dsåjhfö, cjcnjzd-

iböcz d jrnzåht 1999 ujlf. Jcjåjt

dybvfybt åskj eltktyj djghjce j

cfyrwbzö b vthfö ghfdjdjq pfobns

d ckexft yfheitybz bpåbhfntkmyjuj

pfrjyjlfntkmcndf, f nfrét ghjwtle-

hfv hfphtitybz djpybrfñobö d öj-

lt bpåbhfntkmyjuj ghjwtccf cgjhjd.

Exfcnybrb nfrét jåcelbkb ghbvth-

ysq gthtxtym ghtlkfuftvsö gjghf-

djr r pfrjye j dsåjhfö, gjlujnjd-

ktyysq d öjlt cjcnjzdiböcz dcnhtx

≤pf rheuksv cnjkjv≥. D hjkb dtle-

otuj dscnegbk pfvtcnbntkm Ghtlct-

lfntkz Gfhkfvtyncrjq fccfvåktb

JÅCT Bujhm Jcnfi. Yf äne dcnhtxe

ghbåskb ghtlcnfdbntkb hfpkbxysö

ghfdbntkmcndtyysö dtljvcnd, vté-

leyfhjlysö jhufybpfwbq b gjcjkm-

cnd, f nfrét cjnhelybrb ÅLBGX b

Wtynhf JÅCT d Fkvf-Fnt.

Yf cjdtofybb d Nfirtynt

jåceéltys djghjcs

ghtldfhbntkmyjuj cktlcndbz

Ntvjq cjcnjzditujcz 1–2 bñyz d

Nfirtynt cjdtofybz, cjdvtcnyj

jhufybpjdfyyjuj ÅLBGX, Wtynhjv

JÅCT d Nfirtynt b Wtynhfkmyj- b

Djcnjxyjtdhjgtqcrjq ghfdjdjq byb-

wbfnbdjq Fvthbrfycrjq fccjwbfwbb

fldjrfnjd, åsk celtåysq yflpjh pf

ghtldfhbntkmysv cktlcndbtv d

Epåtrbcnfyt. D xbckj 40 exfcnybrjd

cjdtofybz döjlbkb ghtlcnfdbntkb

celtåyjq dkfcnb, ghjrehfnehs, rjk-

ktubb fldjrfnjd b vbybcnthcndf dyen-

htyybö ltk, f nfrét ärcgthns bp Hjc-

cbqcrjq Atlthfwbb, Vjkljds b Cj-

tlbytyyjuj Rjhjktdcndf. Gjdtcnrf

lyz drkñxfkf hfccvjnhtybt epåtrbc-

nfycrjuj jåotyfwbjyfkmyjuj eujkjd-

yj-ghjwtccefkmyjuj pfrjyjlfntkmcn-

df d xfcnb, rfcfñotqcz ghfrnbrb lj-

pyfybz, f nfrét jpyfrjvktybt c vté-

leyfhjlysvb yjhvfvb jnyjcbntkmyj

celtåyjuj yflpjhf pf ghtldfhbntkm-

ysv cktlcndbtv. Åskb gjlujnjdktys

b ghtlcnfdktys yf hfccvjnhtybt

cjjndtncndeñobö ujcelfhcndtyysö

ljkéyjcnysö kbw htrjvtylfwbb j

ghbvtytybb d Epåtrbcnfyt yflktéf-

obö vtéleyfhjlysö cnfylfhnjd.

≤JÅCT cxbnftn, xnj ghjwtccefkmyfz

ghfrnbrf d Epåtrbcnfyt ljkéyf jc-

yjdsdfnmcz yf nhtåjdfybzö vtéle-

yfhjlyjuj ghfdf, rfcfñoböcz fhtcnf

b pflthéfybz, jåhfotybz c pflthéfy-

ysvb, pfghtotybz gsnjr, ghbyznbz

ljrfpfntkmcnd r hfccvjnhtybñ b

cghfdtlkbdjuj celtåyjuj hfpåbhfntkm-

cndf≥, – pfzdbk herjdjlbntkm Wtynhf

JÅCT d Nfirtynt Ufyxj Ufyxtd.


D T C N Y B R

o

Dcnhtxf d Nflébrbcnfyt gj

ghjåktvt njhujdkb kñlmvb

21 bñyz cjcnjzkcz ≤rheuksq

cnjk≥, yf rjnjhsq cjåhfkbcm ghtl-

cnfdbntkb nflébrcrbö dkfcntq b ce-

ltåysö jhufyjd, f nfrét YGJ b

CVB, xnjås jåcelbnm genb åjhmås

c njhujdktq kñlmvb. Änf dcnhtxf ås-

kf cjdvtcnyj jhufybpjdfyf JÅCT,

Vtéleyfhjlyjq jhufybpfwbtq gj dj-

ghjcfv vbuhfwbb b Ajyljv JJY lkz

hfpdbnbz d bynthtcfö étyoby. D wty-

nht jåceéltybz åsk ytlfdyj gjluj-

njdktyysq ljrkfl yf ntve j njhujd-

kt étyobyfvb b ltnmvb, cnfdibq

bnjujv ≤gbkjnyjuj≥ bccktljdfntkmc-

rjuj ghjtrnf, xfcnbxyj abyfycbhj-

dfditujcz ÅLBGX. Änjn ljrkfl nt-

gthm ghtlcnfdkty nflébrcrjve ghf-

dbntkmcnde c ghjcmåjq dscrfpfnm

cdjb cjjåhfétybz b ghtlkjétybz.

Hfåjnf ≤rheukjuj cnjkf≥ pfdthib-

kfcm ghbyznbtv htrjvtylfwbq hfåj-

xtq uheggs jnyjcbntkmyj ghjdtltybz

ghjcdtnbntkmcrjq rfvgfybb chtlb

yfctktybz Nflébrbcnfyf b dytctybz

gjghfdjr d eujkjdysq rjltrc c wt-

kmñ jåtcgtxtybz åjktt yfltéyjq pf-

obns éthnd njhujdkb kñlmvb.

Gjctotybt erhfbycrbvb celmzvb

gjkmcrjuj flvbybcnhfnbdyjuj celf

D ghjikjv vtczwt uheggf erhf-

bycrbö celtq, ghtlcnfdkzñobö cels

nhtö bycnfywbq, dcnhtxfkfcm cj cdjb-

vb gjkmcrbvb rjkktufvb lkz jpyf-

rjvktybz c jgsnjv flvbybcnhfnbd-

yjuj ghfdjcelbz d Gjkmit. Änjn db-

pbn, ghjitlibq c 18 gj 22 bñyz, åsk

jhufybpjdfy Rjjhlbyfnjhjv ghjtr-

njd JÅCT b Dthöjdysv celjv Er-

hfbys d hfvrfö gthdjuj änfgf htf-

kbpfwbb ghjtrnf gjl yfpdfybtv ≤Cjp-

lfybt nbgjdsö flvbybcnhfnbdysö ce-

ljd≥. Ghtlctlfntkm yföjlzotujcz d

Dfhifdt Dthöjdyjuj flvbybcnhfnbd-

yjuj celf Gjkmib ghjatccjh Hjvfy

Öfepth ghbukfcbk erhfbycrbö celtq,

xnjås gjltkbnmcz c ybvb gjkmcrbv

jgsnjv cjplfybz cbcntvs flvbyb-

cnhfnbdysö celjd. Gthdst ldf lyz

celmb hfåjnfkb d egjvzyenjv celt d

Dfhifdt, f pfntv – d jlyjv bp tuj

abkbfkjd d Ulfymcrt. D öjlt åtctl

c ghtlctlfntktv celf b lheubvb ce-

lmzvb erhfbycrbt ghtlcnfdbntkb jp-

yfrjvbkbcm c ceotcndeñotq d Gjkm-

it cbcntvjq flvbybcnhfnbdyjuj ghf-

djcelbz, tt jhufybpfwbtq b aeyr-

wbjybhjdfybtv. Jcjåsq bynthtc

ghtlcnfdkzkb ghjwtccefkmyst fcgtr-

ns hfåjns flvbybcnhfnbdysö celjd

b gjhzljr dtltybz ltk. Yf cktleñ-

otv änfgt lfyyjuj ghjtrnf gkfybhe-

tncz jhufybpjdfnm 2–9 ctynzåhz

extåyj-jpyfrjvbntkmyeñ gjtplre d

Uthvfybñ c gjctotybtv flvbybcnhf-

nbdysö celjd änjq cnhfys.

14 bñyz Ltqcn-

deñobq ghtlctlf-

ntkm (LG), vb-

ybcnh byjcnhfy-

ysö ltk Hevsybb

Vbhxf Léjfyf jåüzdbk j yfpyfxt-

ybb l-hf Dbkmutkmvf Öjqyrf, gthdj-

uj Utythfkmyjuj ctrhtnfhz JÅCT,

cdjbv kbxysv ghtlcnfdbntktv gj

djghjcfv jrfpfybz gjllthérb wty-

nhfkmyjfpbfncrbv ujcelfhcndfv-

exfcnybrfv. Cjukfcyj cdjtve vfy-

lfne gjcjk Öjqyr åeltn, d xfcnyjc-

nb, yfvtxfnm lfkmytqibt ghjtrns

JÅCT, rjnjhst vjukb ås åsnm htf-

kbpjdfys yf htubjyfkmyjv ehjdyt d

Wtynhfkmyjq Fpbb. ≤Yfit cjnhelyb-

xtcndj c wtynhfkmyjfpbfncrbvb uj-

celfhcndfvb-exfcnybrfvb bvttn bc-

rkñxbntkmyeñ dféyjcnm, gjcrjkmre

kbim rjyrhtnyst b xtnrj cajhve-

kbhjdfyyst htubjyfkmyst ghjtrns

cvjuen dytcnb ceotcndtyysq drkfl

d erhtgktybt åtpjgfcyjcnb b cnf-

åbkmyjcnb d htubjyt≥, – pfzdbk LG.

Jlyjq bp gthdjjxthtlysö pflfx

D. Öjqyrf åskj gjctotybt gznb wty-

nhfkmyjfpbfncrbö ujcelfhcnd-exfcn-

ybrjd. D öjlt cjcnjzditqcz 17–28

bñyz gjtplrb jy dcnhtnbkcz c ghtl-

cnfdbntkzvb ghfdbntkmcnd, f nfrét

ldecnjhjyybö b vtéleyfhjlysö jh-

ufybpfwbq b ghjljkébk jåceéltybz,

yfxfnst d gthdsö xbckfö bñyz dj

dhtvz dbpbnf d htubjy LG.

18–19 bñyz LG JÅCT dcnhtnbk-

cz d cnjkbwt Rjcjdj Ghbinbyt c fk-

åfycrbvb gjkbnbxtcrbvb kblthfvb

Båhfubvjv Heujdjq, Öfibvjv Nfxb

b Hfveitv Öfhblbyftv, f nfrét c

cthåcrbvb kblthfvb Leifyjv Hbc-

nbxtv, Lhfufyjv Dtkbxtv b Cnjz-

yjv Qjdfyjdbxtv. Gjvbvj änjuj e

ytuj cjcnjzkbcm åtctls c herjdjlb-

ntktv vbccbb JJY d Rjcjdj Öfy-

cjv Ötrrthegjv b rjvfyleñobv

CLR utythfk-ktqntyfynjv Njhcntq-

yjv Crbfrthjv. Wtynhfkmyjq ntvjq

dbpbnf LG åskb ghtlcnjzobt jå-

otrhftdst dsåjhs d Rjcjdj b bö

djpltqcndbt yf hfpdbnbt cjåsnbq d

htubjyt. Yfhzle c änbv pfnhfubdf-

kbcm nfrét ghjåktvs jhufybpjdfy-

yjq ghtcnegyjcnb, rjhhegwbb b njh-

ujdkb kñlmvb. ≤Dsåjhs dféys, yj

dféyj nfrét b nj, rfr ds åeltnt

ltqcndjdfnm gjckt ybö≥, – pfzdbk LG

RJHJNRJ J HFPYJV


D T C N Y B R

o

rjcjdcrbv kblthfv. Jöfhfrnthbpj-

dfd ghtlcnjzott ujkjcjdfybt rfr gj-

djhjnysq vjvtyn, jy jnvtnbk: ≤Ds

ljkéys dctv gjrfpfnm, xnj dsåjhs

jhufybpjdfys yflktéfobv jåhfpjv.

Ytjåöjlbvj, xnjås åskj joeotybt

ldbétybz dgthtl d Rjcjdj≥, b ljåf-

dbk: ≤Vs ybrjulf yt jnrfétvcz jn

cdjtq gjkbnbrb, ghtlecvfnhbdfñotq

hfåjne gj cjplfybñ gjlkbyyj vyjuj-

änybxtcrjuj, jnrhsnjuj jåotcndf≥.

20 bñyz d Åeöfhtcnt cjcnjzkfcm

dcnhtxf vbybcnthcrjq Nhjqrb

JÅCT d cjcnfdt vbybcnhf byjcnhfy-

ysö ltk Hevsybb Vbhxb Léjfys,

utythfkmyjuj ctrhtnfhz fdcnhbqcrj-

uj vbybcnthcndf byjcnhfyysö ltk

Fkmåthnf Hjöfyf b vbybcnhf byj-

cnhfyysö ltk Gjhneufkbb Éfqvb

Ufvs. Vbybcnhs jåcelbkb ntreobt

djghjcs, ghtlcnfdkzñobt bynthtc

lkz JÅCT, d njv xbckt gjcktlybt

cjåsnbz d åsditq ñujckfdcrjq Htc-

geåkbrt Vfrtljybb, Cjñpyjq Htc-

geåkbrt Ñujckfdbb, yf Rfdrfpt, d

Åtkfhecb, Htcgeåkbrt Vjkljdf b

Wtynhfkmyjq Fpbb. Dj dcnhtxt nfr-

ét ghbyzkb exfcnbt Utythfkmysq

ctrhtnfhm JÅCT Zy Reåbi, lbhtr-

njh Åñhj gj ltvjrhfnbxtcrbv by-

cnbnenfv b ghfdfv xtkjdtrf

(ÅLBGX) Éthfh Cnelvfy, Ghtlcnf-

dbntkm JÅCT gj djghjcfv cdjåjls

chtlcnd vfccjdjq byajhvfwbb Ahfq-

ven Ledt b ghtlcnfdkzñobq Ghtl-

ctlfntkz Gfhkfvtyncrjq fccfvåktb

JÅCT pfvtcnbntkm tt Utythfkmyjuj

ctrhtnfhz Gtynnb Dzyzyty.

27 bñyz yf pfctlfybb Gjcnjzy-

yjuj cjdtnf JÅCT d Dtyt dscnegb-

kf Fyyf Kbyl, vbybcnh byjcnhfyysö

ltk Idtwbb, pfdthifñofz cdjñ hf-

åjne yf gjcne ghtlctlfntkz Tdhjgtq-

crjuj cjñpf. D cdjtq htxb jyf clt-

kfkf egjh yf cjdvtcnysö ltqcndbzö

ldeö jhufybpfwbq yf pfgflt Åfkrfy

b d lheubö xfcnzö htubjyf JÅCT. Jyf

nfrét eltkbkf jcjåjt dybvfybt ghj-

åktvt ghtljndhfotybz rhbpbcjd, rj-

njhfz yf ytlfdytq dcnhtxt Tdhjgtq-

crjuj cjdtnf d Utntåjhut åskf yf-

pdfyf jlybv bp åtpeckjdyj ghbjhb-

ntnysö djghjcjd. Ujdjhz j ghbywb-

gfö b gfhfvtnhfö åeleobö dpfbvj-

jnyjitybq vtéle TC b JÅCT, F.

Kbyl pfzdbkf xktyfv Gjcnjzyyjuj

cjdtnf: ≤Yf yfi dpukzl, hfcibhtybt

cjnhelybxtcndf vjukj ås drkñxfnm

hfphfåjnre b rjjhlbyfwbñ ghbvtyt-

ybz bycnhevtynjd htuekbhjdfybz

rhbpbcjd..., jåtcgtxtybt cgjcjåyjcnb

r jgthfnbdyjve dpfbvjltqcndbñ pf

cxtn bcgjkmpjdfybz cjdvtcnbvsö

vtnjljd b cnfylfhnjd, bcgjkmpjdfybt

jgsnf JÅCT d cnhjbntkmcndt ltvjr-

hfnbb..., ghjldbétybt ghfd xtkjdt-

rf..., djtyyj-gjkbnbxtcrbt fcgtrns...

b gjllthére ltzntkmyjcnb JÅCT cj

cnjhjys TC d utjuhfabxtcrbö hfqj-

yfö, ult bvttncz pyfxbntkmyjt ghb-

cencndbt JÅCT yf vtcnfö≥.

Gfhkfvtyncrfz nhjqrf (Tdhj-

gtqcrbq gfhkfvtyn dvtcnt c gfhkf-

vtyncrbvb fccfvåktzvb Cjdtnf Td-

hjgs b JÅCT) yfhzle c ytrjnjhsvb

lheubvb bycnbnenfvb ghbpdfkf Åñ-

hj gj ltvjrhfnbxtcrbv bycnbnenfv

b ghfdfv xtkjdtrf (ÅLBGX) JÅCT

jhufybpjdfnm vbccbñ gj ljkuj- b

rhfnrjchjxyjve vtéleyfhjlyjve

yfåkñltybñ pf ghtpbltyncrbvb ds-

åjhfvb d Åtkfhecb, pfgkfybhjdfyys-

vb yf 9 ctynzåhz. Jå änjv cnfkj bp-

dtcnyj gjckt cjcnjzdiböcz 5 bñkz

d Gfhbét rjycekmnfwbq c exfcnbtv

ghtlcnfdbntktq Nhjqrb b Tdhjgtq-

crjq rjvbccbb, Åtkmubb rfr ysyti-

ytuj Ghtlctlfntkz Tdhjgtqcrjuj cj-

ñpf, Ghtlctlfntkz JÅCT, ghtlcnfdb-

ntktq ÅLBGX b Rjycekmnfnbdyj-yfå-

kñlfntkmyjq uheggs JÅCT d Åtkf-

hecb, f nfrét åfpbheñotujcz d CIF

Yfwbjyfkmyjuj ltvjrhfnbxtcrjuj

bycnbnenf. Jlyfrj lfyyjt htitybt

gjlktébn gthtcvjnhe c extnjv lfkm-

ytqituj hfpdbnbz äktrnjhfkmyjuj

ghjwtccf, yfbåjktt nhelyjq ghtlds-

åjhyjq afpjq rjnjhjuj zdkztncz ht-

ubcnhfwbz rfylblfnjd. D öjlt rjy-

cekmnfwbq ghtlcnfdbntkb tdhjgtq-

crbö bycnbnenjd c jpfåjxtyyjcnmñ

jnvtnbkb hzl cthmtpysö ytljcnfnrjd

d njv, xnj rfcftncz jåtcgtxtybz jc-

yjdjgjkfufñobö eckjdbq lkz ghjdt-

ltybz dsåjhjd b ghbpdfkb åtkjhec-

crbt dkfcnb r jceotcndktybñ cnhj-

ujq gjkbnbrb ytdvtifntkmcndf d bp-

åbhfntkmysq ghjwtcc b ytlbcrhbvb-

yfwbb d jnyjitybb gjntywbfkmysö

cjgthybrjd b bö cnjhjyybrjd.


D T C N Y B R

o

Dslthérb bp cjjåotybq CVBhfpkbxysö cnhfyvbhf, gjcdzotyystJÅCT b tt ltzntkmyjcnb pfghtlitcndeñobtytltkb

DTHÖJDYSQ RJVBCCFH GJ LTKFV YFWBJYFKMYSÖ VTYMIBYCND

≤Ghtcct≥, 25 bñyz

Fgkjlbcvtyns gjl pfyfdtc

≤Yf ghjnzétybb dctö djcmvb c

gjkjdbyjq ktn cdjtuj ghtåsdfybz yf

gjcne Dthöjdyjuj rjvbccfhf gj lt-

kfv yfwbjyfkmysö vtymibycnd

Vfrc dfy lth Cnek ybrjulf yt cnht-

vbkcz ghbdktxm r cdjtq gthcjyt dyb-

vfybt CVB. Yb ghb rfrbö jåcnjz-

ntkmcndfö yt gsnfzcm pfhfåjnfnm

åhjcrbö pfujkjdrjd d ufptnfö, jy

ghtlgjxbnfk dtcnb rjyabltywbfkm-

yst jåceéltybz pf pfrhsnsvb ldt-

hzvb c ghjnbdjcnjzobvb lheu lhe-

ue cnjhjyfvb. Nj, xnj CVB kbif-

kbcm ghb änjv djpvjéyjcnb geåkb-

rjdfnm äaatrnyst htgjhnféb, f

JÅCT – ekexibnm cdjñ htgenfwbñ

d ukfpfö jåotcndtyyjcnb rfr äa-

atrnbdysq bycnhevtyn ehtuekbhj-

dfybz rjyakbrnjd, yt åskj tlbycn-

dtyysv cktlcndbtv tuj rjyabltywb-

fkmyjuj cnbkz hfåjns. Änjn cnbkm,

c lheujq cnjhjys, gjvju tve c ec-

gtöjv hfphzlbnm yfghzétyyjcnm d

gjntywbfkmyj jgfcysö rjyakbrnfö d

Äcnjybb, Kbndt b Erhfbyt b nfrbv

jåhfpjv, djpvjéyj, ghtljndhfnbnm

nj bkb byjt rhegyjt rhjdjghjkbnbt

d Tdhjgt. Änjn ujkkfyltw, Vfrc dfy

lth Cnek, nfrét cjckeébk Tdhjgt

jnkbxyeñ ckeéåe, jncnfbdfz ghfdf

vtymibycnd b ghjnbdjltqcndez yf-

wbjyfkbpve. Ntgthm Vfrc dfy lth

Cnek vjétn d gjcktlybq hfp ≤dsq-

nb yf åbc≥ r pfyfdtce – jy ltqcndb-

ntkmyj pfckeébk fgkjlbcvtyns

dctq Tdhjgs≥.

ÅTKFHECM

Htqnth, 14 bñyz

≤Ghfdbntkmcndf pfgflysö cnhfy

dshféfñn jpfåjxtyyjcnm jnyjcb-

ntkmyj njuj, åelen kb ghtlcnjzobt

dsåjhs cdjåjlysvb b xtcnysvb. Åt-

kfhecm gjldthuftncz rhbnbrt pf yt-

ghjdtltybt äaatrnbdysö ärjyjvb-

xtcrbö b ltvjrhfnbxtcrbö htajhv,

f byjcnhfyyst ghjuhfvvs ghtlj-

cnfdktybz pfqvjd ctqxfc pfvjhjét-

ys. D gjcktlybt ujls bcxtp hzl jg-

gjytynjd ghtpbltynf Kerfityrj,

bvtkj vtcnj pfrhsnbt jggjpbwbjy-

ysö ufptn b eétcnjxtybt yjhvfnbd-

ysö gjkjétybq, ghtgzncndeñobö

ghjdtltybñ ltvjycnhfwbq. Cnhfyf

dcnegbkf d jétcnjxtyysq cgjh c

JÅCT, rjnjhfz öjxtn gjlujnjdbnm

nsczxb yfåkñlfntktq lkz rjynhjkz

pf dsåjhfvb. Jabwbfkmyst kbwf jå-

dbyzñn JÅCT d njv, xnj jyf ujnj-

dbn igbjyjd≥.

WTYNHFKMYFZ FPBZ

Yjdjcnb Åb-åb-cb, 10 bñyz

≤Ltqcndeñobq ghtlctlfntkm td-

hjgtqcrjq jhufybpfwbb gj djghjcfv

åtpjgfcyjcnb – JÅCT – ghtleghtlbk,

xnj d ckexft ytghbyznbz vth gj hfp-

dbnbñ ltvjrhfnbb d Wtynhfkmyjq

Fpbb änjn htubjy åeltn åjktt ezp-

dbv gj jnyjitybñ r ärcnhtvbpve,

jcjåtyyj bckfvcrjve ärcnhtvbpve.

C nfrbv pfzdktybtv Vbhxf Léjf-

yf, vbybcnh byjcnhfyysö ltk Hevs-

ybb, dscnegbk gjckt ghtlghbyznjq

bv itcnblytdyjq gjtplrb, d öjlt rj-

njhjq jy gjctnbk Rfpföcnfy, Rsh-

uspcnfy, Nflébrbcnfy b Nehrvtybc-

nfy... Gj tuj ckjdfv, Jhufybpfwbz

ghtlkfuftn cdjñ gjvjom d djghjcfö

åtpjgfcyjcnb, ärjyjvbrb b jrhe-

éfñotq chtls, c ntv xnjås gjåe-

lbnm wtynhfkmyjfpbfncrbt ujcelfh-

cndf ghtlghbyznm åjktt äythubxyst

ltqcndbz gj hfpdbnbñ ltvjrhfnbb≥.

XTXYZ (HA)

Htqnth, 13 bñyz

≤Hjccbz cjukfcbkfcm hfphtibnm

Vbccbb JÅCT dthyenmcz d jgfkty-

yeñ djqyjq Xtxyñ≥, – cjjåobkb d

chtle ghtlcnfdbntkb änjq cnjzotq

yf cnhfét åtpjgfcyjcnb b ghfd xt-

kjdtrf jhufybpfwbb. Xktys vbccbb

åelen jncktébdfnm gjcnegfñobt cj-

jåotybz j yfheitybzö ghfd xtkjdt-

rf d pjyt rjyakbrnf yf ñut Hjccbb

b cgjcjåcndjdfnm ghtljcnfdktybñ

uevfybnfhyjq gjvjob b cjltqcndbz

åtétywfv. Rfr crfpfk rjhhtcgjy-

ltyne Htqnth hevsycrbq gjcjk Kb-

dbe Åjnf, xmz cnhfyf d änjv ujle

ghtlctlfntkmcndetn d JÅCT, d åkb-

éfqibt lyb uheggf d cjcnfdt xtns-

htö xtkjdtr djpjåyjdbn ltzntkm-

yjcnm vbccbb d ctkt Pyfvtycrjv, yf-

öjlzotvcz yf ctdtht Xtxyb≥.

Htqnth, 14 bñyz

≤Djpdhfotybt JÅCT jnvtxtyj

cgjhfvb. Dyenhtyybt ljrevtyns, gj-

kextyyst jnltktybtv Htqnth d Dt-

yt, cdbltntkmcndeñn j njv, xnj

Uheggf ljkéyf åeltn jgkfxbdfnm ec-

keub ghtljcnfdkztvjuj hjccbqcrbv

vbybcnthcndjv dyenhtyybö ltk gjl-

hfpltktybz djjheétyyjq jöhfys

xbcktyyjcnmñ d 25 xtkjdtr. Ljujdj-

htyyjcnm jå änjv djpvenbkf ytrjnj-

hst pfgflyst cnhfys, cxbnfñobt

hjccbqcrbt djqcrf dbyjdysvb d cj-

dthitybb vfccjdsö yfheitybq ghfd

xtkjdtrf d öjlt åjhmås c gjdcnfy-

wfvb-ctgfhfnbcnfvb. Hjccbqcrbq

ghtlcnfdbntkm gj djghjcfv xtxty-

crjq rfvgfybb yfpdfk ljujdjhty-

yjcnm c JÅCT jåsxysv rjynhfrnjv

JÅPJH GTXFNB


gj jåtcgtxtybñ åtpjgfcyjcnb b pf-

zdbk, xnj egjvzyenst cjnhelybrb

VDL ljkéys åsnm djjheétys, xnj-

ås ufhfynbhjdfnm åtpjgfcyjcnm≥.

≤Ahfyraehnth fkmutvfqyt

wfqneyu≥, 15 bñyz

≤Ljcnbuyenfz ljujdjhtyyjcnm,

jxtdblyj, dspdfkf hfpjxfhjdfybt e

ytrjnjhsö pfgflysö ujcelfhcnd-

exfcnybrjd. Jyb c jpfåjxtyyjcnmñ

jnvtxfñn, xnj ≤JÅCT djjheéftn

heccrbö≥. Ntv yt vtytt dscrfpsdfd-

ibtcz cjvytybz jrfpfkbcm ytljcnf-

njxyj cbkmysvb, xnjås gjvtifnm

pfrkñxtybñ cjukfitybz≥.

≤Yjqt wñhöth wfqneyu≥, 15 bñyz

≤Nfrbv jåhfpjv htitybt j njv,

cvjuen kb yfåkñlfntkb gjctnbnm njn

bkb byjq rjyrhtnysq hfqjy, jcnfytn-

cz pf hjccbqcrbvb djtyysvb. D änbö

eckjdbzö vfkjdthjznyj, xnj JÅCT

cvjétn hfccktljdfnm rfrbt-kbåj

cdbltntkmcndf djtyysö ghtcnegkt-

ybq... D kexitv ckexft ghtlcnfdb-

ntkb JÅCT cvjuen ljrkflsdfnm j

ceotcndeñobö d Htcgeåkbrt ghj-

åktvfö b åtcghbcnhfcnyj ljdjlbnm

afrns lj cdtltybz jåotcndtyyjc-

nb≥.

Bynthafrc, 15 bñyz

≤Djpjåyjdktybt ltzntkmyjcnb

jabcf Uheggs cjltqcndbz JÅCT d

Xtxyt zdkztncz ghbpyfybtv pyfxb-

ntkmyjuj ghjuhtccf, ljcnbuyenjuj d

ecbkbzö gj yjhvfkbpfwbb ceotcn-

deñotuj nfv gjkjétybz, – pfzdbkb

rjhhtcgjyltyne Bynthafrcf d gzn-

ybwe ärcgthns bp fggfhfnf gjvjo-

ybrf ghtpbltynf Cthutz Zcnhétvå-

crjuj. Cktletn yfltznmcz, crfpfkb

jyb, xnj änj cjåsnbt dytctn drkfl d

yfkfébdfybt vbhyjq ébpyb d Xtxyt

b åeltn cgjcjåcndjdfnm jrfpfybñ ue-

vfybnfhyjq gjvjob b gjcnhjtybñ

nfv jcyjd ltvjrhfnbb. Gj ckjdfv

ärcgthnjd, Hjccbz ybrjulf yt ght-

gzncndjdfkf hfåjnt Uheggs bkb dj-

pjåyjdktybñ tt ltzntkmyjcnb d hfv-

rfö bvtñotujcz e Uheggs vfylfnf,

d cjjndtncndbb c hjccbqcrbv pfrjyj-

lfntkmcndjv b d ntcyjv cjnhelybxt-

cndt c atlthfkmysvb dkfcnzvb≥.

ÅSDIFZ ÑUJCKFDCRFZ HTCGEÅKBRF VFRTLJYBZ

≤Bynthytiyk uthfkl nhbåñy≥,

8 bñyz

≤Dj bpåtéfybt gjkyjvfcinfåyjq

djqys b c wtkmñ pfkjébnm jcyjds

ghjxyjuj vbhf vtéleyfhjlyjt cjjå-

otcndj ljkéyj ctqxfc ghbkjébnm

cthmtpyst ecbkbz d jåkfcnb lbgkj-

vfnbb. Ujdjhz rjyrhtnyj, rfrfz-nj

vtéleyfhjlyfz jhufybpfwbz, jåkf-

lfñofz jgsnjv vbhjcnhjbntkmcndf,

ljkéyf ecnfyjdbnm dtcjvjt ghbcen-

cndbt yf dctq nthhbnjhbb Vfrtljybb

d wtkzö cåjhf gjlhjåyjq byajhvf-

wbb gj dctv cgjhysv djghjcfv ébp-

yb jåotcndf... Åskj ås tcntcndtyyj

dsåhfnm JÅCT d rfxtcndt jhufybpf-

wbb lkz jceotcndktybz gjljåyjq

vbccbb. JÅCT ljkéyf ytpfvtlkb-

ntkmyj hfpvtcnbnm yf vtcnfö gj dctq

cnhfyt åjkmijt xbckj – djpvjéyj,

200 – gjkbnbxtcrbö cjnhelybrjd yf

chjr d jlby bkb, vjétn åsnm, lfét

ldf ujlf, xnjås ghtlvtnyj ghjfyf-

kbpbhjdfnm bvtñobtcz e rféljq bp

jåoby ghtntypbb r ghjnbdjgjkjé-

yjq cnjhjyt, f nfrét bö dbltybt åe-

leotuj≥.

≤Pñlljqxt wfqneyu≥, 19 bñyz

≤Ysytiybq ghtlctlfntkm JÅCT,

vbybcnh byjcnhfyysö ltk Hevsybb

Vbhxf Lfy Léjfyf ghbåsk d gjyt-

ltkmybr d Crjgmt lkz ghjdtltybz gt-

htujdjhjd c herjdjlbntktv vfrt-

ljycrjuj ujcelfhcndf Åjhbcjv Nhfq-

rjdcrbv. Gjvbvj änjuj Léjfyf

dcnhtnbncz c kblthfvb xtnshtö gfh-

nbq, döjlzobö d rjfkbwbjyyjt ghf-

dbntkmcndj, rjnjhst d yfcnjzobq

vjvtyn ghbybvfñn exfcnbt d gtht-

ujdjhfö gj ehtuekbhjdfybñ rhbpbcf.

Ghtlctlfntkm JÅCT öjxtn jåcelbnm

c ybvb, d xfcnyjcnb, genb ghtrhfot-

ybz rjyakbrnf b hjkm JÅCT d djp-

vjéyjv hfpjheétybb EXR≥.

≤Ahfyraehnth fkmutvfqyt

wfqneyu≥, 21 bñyz

≤Vtéleyfhjlyst gjchtlybrb gj-

ghtéytve yfltñncz yf ecgtiysq bc-

öjl vfrtljycrbö gthtujdjhjd.

Ltqcndeñobq ghtlctlfntkm JÅCT,

vbybcnh byjcnhfyysö ltk Hevsybb

Vbhxf Léjfyf pfzdbk d chtle yf

dcnhtxt Nhjqrb JÅCT d Åeöfhtcnt,

xnj ≤rjyrhtnyst htpekmnfns≥ lj-

kéys åsnm ljcnbuyens r gjytltkm-

ybre≥.

VJKLJDF

Htqnth, 21 bñyz

≤JÅCT pfzdbkf d xtndthu, xnj

jyf ujnjdf abyfycbhjdfnm kbrdblf-

wbñ hjccbqcrjuj djtyyjuj fhctyfkf

d cnhtvzotvcz r jnltktybñ jn Vjk-

ljds ghblytcnhjdcrjv htubjyt.

≤JÅCT, Hjccbz b Ghblytcnhjdmt gjl-

gbcfkb cjdvtcnysq ghjnjrjk j kbr-

dblfwbb åjtghbgfcjd b j cjjheétybb

d änbö wtkzö cgtwbfkmyjuj ghtlghbz-

nbz. JÅCT ujnjdf abyfycbhjdfnm

lfyysq ghjtrn, – pfzdbk yf ghtcc-

rjyathtywbb herjdjlbntkm gjcnjzy-

yjq vbccbb JÅCT d Vjkljdt

Ebkmzv Öbkk. – Änj ghtlcnfdkztn

cjåjq ghjhsd d ecbkbzö gj dsdjle

hjccbqcrbö djjheétybq c nthhbnj-

hbb Vjkljds≥... D ghjikjv ujce-

lfhcndf – exfcnybrb JÅCT pfzdkz-

kb j cdjtq ujnjdyjcnb dsltkbnm lj

30 vbkkbjyjd ljkkfhjd CIF yf wt-

kb dsdjlf hjccbqcrjuj djtyyjuj fh-

ctyfkf c nthhbnjhbb Vjkljds b tuj

eybxnjétybz≥.

D T C N Y B R

o


D T C N Y B R

o

YFUJHYJRFHFÅFÖCRBQ RJYAKBRN

Htqnth, 2 bñyz

≤Ghtpbltyn Fpthåfqléfyf Utq-

lfh Fkbtd pfzdbk d ceååjne, xnj gjc-

kt tuj dcnhtxb c ghtpbltynjv Fhvt-

ybb Hjåthnjv Rjxfhzyjv ifycjd yf

ghjdtltybt gthtujdjhjd c Fhvtybtq

gj djghjce j cgjhyjq nthhbnjhbb Yf-

ujhyjuj Rfhfåföf cnfkj tot vtym-

it... Fhvtybz eét pfzdbkf, xnj gt-

htujdjhs, cgjycjhjv rjnjhsö zdkz-

tncz JÅCT b rjnjhst ghbpdfys gj-

vjxm gjkjébnm rjytw 13-ktnytve

rjyakbrne, åskb jnkjétys yf yt-

jghtltktyyjt dhtvz≥.

Åñhj gj ltvjrhfnbxtcrbv bycnbnenfvb ghfdfv xtkjdtrf

Åñhj JÅCT gj ltvjrhfnbxtcrbv bycnbnenfv b ghfdfv xtkjdtrf (ÅLBGX) yföjlbncz gj flhtce: Aleje Ujazdowskie 19, PL-00 557 Warsaw, Poland.Ntk.: (+48-22) 520 06 00, afrc: (+48-22) 520 06 05, äk. gjxnf: [email protected]

YJDJCNB

Ldeölytdyfz gjtplrf ltktufwbb

ÅLBGX d Xtxyñ c wtkmñ ecnfyjd-

ktybz afrnjd

13–14 bñyz Xtxyñ gjctnbkf lt-

ktufwbz dj ukfdt c Lbhtrnjhjv

ÅLBGX Éthfhjv Cnelvfyjv c wt-

kmñ ecnfyjdktybz afrnjd b dszcyt-

ybz gjkjétybz c ghfdfvb xtkjdtrf

b uevfybnfhyjq cbnefwbb d Htcgeå-

kbrt. Jlyjq bp ukfdysö pflfx dbpb-

nf åskj jwtybnm äaatrnbdyjcnm

ghjtrnjd, jceotcndkzdiböcz

ÅLBGX yf ghjnzétybb gjcktlytuj

ujlf d gjhzlrt jrfpfybz cjltqcndbz

åñhj cgtwbfkmyjuj ghtlcnfdbntkz

ghtpbltynf gj ghfdfv xtkjdtrf d

Xtxyt Dkflbvbhf Rfkfvfyjdf, rjnj-

hsq b jhufybpjdfk äne gjtplre.

Ltktufwbz ÅLBGX bvtkf djp-

vjéyjcnm jwtybnm hfåjne cjnhelyb-

rjd D. Rfkfvfyjdf d Xtxyt c hfphf-

åjnfyyjq ÅLBGX rjvgmñnthyjq

ghjuhfvvjq lkz dtltybz åfps lfy-

ysö, ghtlyfpyfxtyyjq lkz htubcnhf-

wbb b jncktébdfybz bylbdblefkmysö

éfkjå yf yfheitybz ghfd xtkjdtrf.

Jyb nfrét ghbcencndjdfkb yf åtct-

lfö c gjlfntkzvb éfkjå b dcnhtxf-

kbcm c ldevz ärcgthnfvb Cjdtnf Td-

hjgs, ghbrhtgktyysvb r infne cj-

nhelybrjd ukfdyjuj åñhj D. Rfkf-

vfyjdf d Pyfvtycrjv. Gjvbvj änj-

uj ltktufwbz gjctnbkf hfcgjkjéty-

ysq d Pyfvtycrjv kfuthm lkz dyen-

htyyt gthtvtotyysö kbw b dcnhtnb-

kfcm c ukfdjq vtcnyjq flvbybcnhf-

wbb.

D Uhjpyjv ltktufwbz bvtkf

dcnhtxe c herjdjlbntktv flvbyb-

cnhfwbb Xtxtycrjq Htcgeåkbrb Fö-

vfljv Rflshjdsv b ghtvmth-vb-

ybcnhjv Cnfybckfdjv Bkmzcjdsv. D

öjlt jnltkmyjq dcnhtxb c celmzvb b

ghjrehjhfvb jcyjdyjt dybvfybt ås-

kj eltktyj ghjljkéfñobvcz ecb-

kbzv gj djccnfyjdktybñ hfåjnfñ-

otq celtåyjq cbcntvs b ytjåöjlb-

vjcnb d gjkyjq vtht hfccktljdfnm

ckexfb yfheitybz ghfd xtkjdtrf b

ghbdktrfnm dbyjdysö r jndtncndty-

yjcnb. D Uhjpyjv ltktufwbz nfrét

dcnhtnbkfcm c vtcnysvb cjnhelyb-

rfvb D. Rfkfvfyjdf d jlyjv bp nhtö

ujhjlcrbö abkbfkjd tuj jabcf b gj-

ctnbkf jlby bp cktlcndtyysö bpjkz-

njhjd.

Cltkfyyst rjvbccbtq pfrkñxt-

ybz åskb ljdtltys lj cdtltybz

Ltqcndeñotuj ghtlctlfntkz JÅCT b

Gjcnjzyyjuj cjdtnf, f nfrét hjccbq-

crbö dkfcntq. JÅCT yflttncz jceot-

cndbnm d cdtnt bnjujd änjq gjtplrb

lfkmytqibt ghjtrns gj gjlujnjdrt

ghfdjdsö rflhjd b ghjljkébnm jrf-

pfybt gjllthérb åñhj cgtwbfkmyj-

uj ghtlcnfdbntkz.

Ctvbyfh-ghfrnbrev ÅLBGX

d Crjgmt gj djghjcfv

htuekbhjdfybz rhbpbcjd

D ctvbyfht-ghfrnbrevt, jhufyb-

pjdfyyjv 6–7 bñyz ÅLBGX cjdvtcn-

yj c Rjynhjkmyjq vbccbtq JÅCT d

Crjgmt gj ghtljndhfotybñ hfcghj-

cnhfytybz rjyakbrnf b gjcdzoty-

yjv ntvt htuekbhjdfybz rhbpbcjd,

ghbyzkb exfcnbt cjnhelybrb gjkb-

wbb b vähs ujhjljd pfgflyjq xfcnb

åsditq ñujckfdcrjq Htcgeåkbrb

Vfrtljybb. Gthtl exfcnybrfvb ds-

cnegbkb ldf cjnhelybrf gjkbwtqcrjq

ckeéås Ctdthyjq Bhkfylbb.

Jlby bp ybö, cegthbyntyltyn Hjq

Aktvbyu crfpfk: ≤Vs yflttvcz,

xnj, gjltkbdibcm c exfcnybrfvb ct-

vbyfhf ytrjnjhsv bp yfrjgktyyjuj

yfvb ghfrnbxtcrjuj jgsnf hfåjns d

eckjdbzö hfpyjhjlyjuj jåotcndf,

cnfkrbdfñotujcz c ghjåktvjq ct-

hmtpysö cjwbfkmysö djkytybq, vs


D T C N Y B R

o

cvjétv gjvjxm bv yfqnb htitybt

ceotcndeñobö pltcm ghjåktv≥. Rfr

jy, nfr b tuj rjkktuf cthéfyn Cnb-

dty Åjllb eét åsdfkb d Vfrtljybb

hfymit, d öjlt jceotcndktybz ghj-

trnf ÅLBGX gj htajhvbhjdfybñ gj-

kbwtqcrjq frfltvbb.

Fylhtfc Hffå, gjkbnbxtcrbq cj-

dtnybr Vbccbb JÅCT d Crjgmt pf-

zdbk, xnj jhufybpfnjhs eljdktndj-

htys wfhbditq yf ctvbyfht fnvjcat-

hjq, d xfcnyjcnb njq jnrhsnjcnmñ, c

rjnjhjq jåofkbcm lheu c lheujv tuj

exfcnybrb.

D bñkt åelen ghjdtltys fyfkj-

ubxyst ghfrnbrevs d lheubö jåkfc-

nzö. ≤Änb ctvbyfhs – jlyf bp jxtym

ytvyjubö vth erhtgktybz ljdthbz,

jhufybpetvsö d yfcnjzobq vjvtyn

vtéleyfhjlysv cjjåotcndjv cj-

dvtcnyj c dkfcnzvb cnhfys≥, – jn-

vtnbk F. Hffå.

Rfr crfpfk cjdtnybr ÅLBGX gj

Åfkrfyfv Vböfäkm Vtqth, pfxfcneñ

dpfbvjltqcndbt vtéle cbkfvb åtpj-

gfcyjcnb b vtcnysvb dkfcnzvb yf-

kfétyj jxtym gkjöj bkb jncencndetn

djdct. Ghtlcnfdbntkb cbk åtpjgfc-

yjcnb b vtcnysö dkfcntq ytrjnjhsö

hfqjyjd djjåot dcnhtnbkbcm yf ghfr-

nbrevt dgthdst pf dct dhtvz.

≤C rhbpbcjv

vjéyj cghfdbnmcz

njkmrj d njv cke-

xft, tckb dct änb

jhufys, ghtlcnfd-

kzñobt ujcelfhcn-

dtyyeñ dkfcnm, cj-

nhelybxfñn vtéle

cjåjq≥, – pfzdbk V.

Vtqth.

Jy nfrét jåhf-

nbk dybvfybt

exfcnybrjd yf nj,

xnj edfétybt vté-

leyfhjlysö jåzpf-

ntkmcnd d uevfyb-

nfhyjq jåkfcnb b jåzpfntkmcnd gj

ghfdfv xtkjdtrf cktletn djcghbyb-

vfnm yt rfr gjvtöe d ltzntkmyjcnb

cbk åtpjgfcyjcnb, f rfr dféytqieñ

cjcnfdkzñoeñ cnhfntubb, yfghfd-

ktyyjq yf jckfåktybt yfghzétyyjc-

nb b vjhfkmyeñ bpjkzwbñ djjhe-

étyysö uheggbhjdjr.

D JÅCT jåceélfñncz genb

jåtcgtxtybz nthgbvjcnb b

ytlbcrhbvbyfwbb

18–19 bñyz d Dtyt cjåhfkbcm

ltktufwbb ujcelfhcnd – exfcnybrjd

JÅCT, bycnbnenjd b cnherneh JÅCT

yf vtcnfö, f nfrét vtéleyfhjlysö

b ytghfdbntkmcndtyysö jhufybpfwbq,

c ntv xnjås jåcelbnm genb jåtcgt-

xtybz nthgbvjcnb b ytlbcrhbvbyf-

wbb d htubjyt JÅCT. Vthjghbznbt

yfpsdfkjcm ≤Dnjhjt ljgjkybntkmyjt

cjdtofybt 2001 ujlf gj djghjcfv xt-

kjdtxtcrjuj bpvthtybz≥ b åskj jh-

ufybpjdfyj Hevsybtq rfr cnhfyjq-

ghtlctlfntktv JÅCT d cjnhelybxt-

cndt c ÅLBGX.

Änj cjdtofybt cnfkj dféysv aj-

hevjv lkz hfccvjnhtybz yfrjgkty-

yjuj d htubjyt JÅCT jgsnf d ghtl-

ldthbb Dctvbhyjq rjyathtywbb

JJY ≤Ghjnbd hfcbpvf, hfcjdjq lbc-

rhbvbyfwbb, rctyjajåbb b cdzpfyyjq

c ybvb ytnthgbvjcnb≥, rjnjhfz cj-

cnjbncz d ctynzåht d u. Lehåfy (Ñé-

yfz Fahbrf).

Yf hfåjxbö pfctlfybzö jåceélf-

kbcm nhb åkjrf djghjcjd: ghjcdtot-

ybt, drkñxfz irjkmyst vfnthbfks

b extåybrb; flvbybcnhfnbdyj-ghfdj-

dst vtöfybpvs; vtérekmnehyst

dpfbvjjnyjitybz. D rféljq hfåjxtq

uheggt exfcnybrb dszdkzkb jcyjd-

yst ghtgzncndbz yf genb gjdsitybz

nthgbvjcnb b jåtcgtxtybz ytlbcrhb-

vbyfwbb, jåvtybdfkbcm gthtljdsv

jgsnjv, rjnjhsq vju ås åsnm bc-

gjkmpjdfy d lheubö cnhfyfö, b ghtl-

kfufkb genb htitybz ceotcndeñobö

ghjåktv. Gj bnjufv jåceéltybz åsk

gjlujnjdkty hzl htrjvtylfwbq, fl-

htcjdfyysö ujcelfhcndfv-exfcnyb-

rfv, bycnbnenfv b cnhernehfv

JÅCT yf vtcnfö. C jnxtnjv j hfåj-

nt cjdtofybz vjéyj åeltn jpyfrj-

vbnmcz yf dtå-cfqnt ÅLBGX:

www.osce.org/odihr.

Gfhkfvtyncrbt

dsåjhs d Åjkufhbb

jndtxfñn

vtéleyfhjlysv

cnfylfhnfv

Cjukfcyj pfrkñ-

xtybñ hfåjnfditq d Cjabb vtéle-

yfhjlyjq vbccbb gj yfåkñltybñ pf

dsåjhfvb, gfhkfvtyncrbt dsåjhs d

Åjkufhbb 17 bñyz d jcyjdyjv cjjn-

dtncndjdfkb vtéleyfhjlysv cnfy-

lfhnfv, rfcfñobvcz ltvjrhfnbxtc-

rbö dsåjhjd. Yfåkñlfntkb jnvtnb-

kb, xnj yjdjt bpåbhfntkmyjt pfrjyj-

lfntkmcndj d wtkjv jåtcgtxbdftn

fltrdfnyeñ ghfdjdeñ åfpe lkz ghj-

dtltybz ltvjrhfnbxtcrbö dsåjhjd,

öjnz ytrjnjhst tuj fcgtrns b dsps-

dfñn jpfåjxtyyjcnm. Bpåbhfntkmyst

rjvbccbb dctö ehjdytq bcgjkyzkb

cdjb aeyrwbb ghjatccbjyfkmyj, åtc-

ghbcnhfcnyj b nhfycgfhtynyj.

DSÅJHS

Gjcjk Éthfh Cnelvfy dj dhtvz gjctotybz kfuthz lkz

dhtvtyyj gthtvtotyysö kbw d Pyfvtycrjv


D T C N Y B R

o

Bpåbhfntkmyfz rfvgfybz ghjikf

d jåotv cgjrjqyj. Pyfxbntkmyjt

xbckj gtxfnysö b äktrnhjyysö

CVB, rfr ujcelfhcndtyysö, nfr b

xfcnysö, jåtcgtxbkb ibhjrbq ljcneg

jåotcndtyyjcnb r byajhvfwbb. Jl-

yfrj yf ghfrnbrt jcdtotybt bpåbhf-

ntkmyjq rfvgfybb ujcelfhcndtyysvb

äktrnhjyysvb CVB pfnhelyzkjcm

xhtpvthyj juhfybxbntkmysv öfhfr-

nthjv gjkjétybq pfrjyf j dsåjhfö.

Yfåkñlfntkmyfz vbccbz åskf cj-

dvtcnyj jhufybpjdfyf ÅLBGX b Gfh-

kfvtyncrjq fccfvåkttq Cjdtnf Td-

hjgs lkz jncktébdfybz cjåsnbq d

ltym dsåjhjd. Lheufz, ljkujchjxyfz

yfåkñlfntkmyfz vbccbz ÅLBGX,

djpukfdkzdifzcz gjckjv Xfhkmpjv

Väléb (CIF), åskf hfpdthyenf 19

vfz. D ltym dsåjhjd yf vtcnfö ås-

kb hfpvtotys 132 rhfnrjchjxysö

yfåkñlfntkz (drkñxfz xtnshtö gfh-

kfvtynfhbtd), rjnjhst ljrkflsdfkb

j ghjbcöjlzotv yf 752 bpåbhfntkm-

ysö geyrnfö d hfpkbxysö hfqjyfö

Åjkufhbb.

Yfåkñlfntkb cdbltntkmcndeñn:

dsåjhs d Fkåfybb – ifu dgthtl

Vtéleyfhjlyfz vbccbz gj yf-

åkñltybñ pf dsåjhfvb ghbikf r pf-

rkñxtybñ, xnj cjcnjzdibtcz 24 bñ-

yz gfhkfvtyncrbt dsåjhs d Fkåfybb

pyfvtyjdfkb cjåjq ghjuhtcc yf genb

endthéltybz cnfylfhnjd, rfcfñobö-

cz ltvjrhfnbxtcrbö dsåjhjd. Jrjy-

xfntkmysq dsdjl jnyjcbntkmyj njuj,

ghbåkbpbkb kb änb dsåjhs Fkåfybñ

r vtéleyfhjlysv cnfylfhnfv, åeltn

pfdbctnm jn gjldtltybz bnjujd gth-

djuj nehf b ghjdtltybz dnjhjuj ne-

hf ujkjcjdfybz, yfvtxtyyjuj yf 8

bñkz, f nfrét jn njuj, rfr ghjqltn

ghjwtcc hfcghtltktybz ≤rjvgtycfwb-

jyysö≥ vfylfnjd b rfreñ hjkm åe-

len buhfnm wtynhfkmyfz bpåbhfntkm-

yfz rjvbccbz (WBR) b cels. Gjxnb

d gjkjdbyt bpåbhfntkmysö jrheujd

nhtåetncz ghjdtltybt dnjhjuj nehf

ujkjcjdfybz.

Ghjuhtcc, jnvtxtyysq d öjlt ds-

åjhjd, åsk ljcnbuyen d pyfxbntkm-

yjq vtht åkfujlfhz ghjatccbjyfkm-

yjq b nhfycgfhtynyjq hfåjnt WBR.

Dféyeñ hjkm buhfkb chtlcndf vfc-

cjdjq byajhvfwbb, ghtlcnfdkzñobt

ibhjrbq cgtrnh vytybq, xnj lfkj bp-

åbhfntkzv djpvjéyjcnm cltkfnm

cdjq dsåjh cj pyfybtv ltkf.

D wtkjv bpåbhfntkmyfz rfvgfybz

ghjöjlbkf d cgjrjqyjq jåcnfyjdrt.

D jåotq ckjéyjcnb åfkkjnbhjdf-

kbcm 2000 rfylblfnjd jn 28 gjkbnb-

xtcrbö gfhnbq. Cgjhs dspdfkf gj-

gsnrf dscnfdbnm xktyjd gfhnbb d rf-

xtcndt ytpfdbcbvsö rfylblfnjd c wt-

kmñ edtkbxtybz xbckf ≤rjvgtycfwb-

jyysö≥ vfylfnjd, dsltkztvsö gfh-

nbzv.

Chtlb lheubö jnvtxtyysö ytljc-

nfnrjd åskb ytnjxyjcnb d cgbcrfö

bpåbhfntktq b ckbirjv åjkmibt

hfcöjéltybz d xbckt pfhtubcnhbhj-

dfyysö bpåbhfntktq d ytrjnjhsö bp-

åbhfntkmysö jrheufö.

D ltym dsåjhjd d jcyjdyjv wfhb-

kf vbhyfz fnvjcathf, tckb yt cxb-

nfnm ytåjkmijuj xbckf bpjkbhjdfy-

ysö bywbltynjd, cdzpfyysö c yfcbkb-

tv. Ghjwtcc ujkjcjdfybz b gjlcxtnf

ujkjcjd ghjitk jnyjcbntkmyj ytgkj-

öj. Ntv yt vtytt, ytcvjnhz yf nj,

xnj d åjkmibycndt hfqjyjd bpåbhf-

ntkmyst rjvbccbb cnfhfkbcm rfr

vjukb, d ltym dsåjhjd åskj pfvtn-

yj jncencndbt e ybö gjlujnjdrb b

ckfétyyjcnb d hfåjnt.

Yfåkñlfntkmyfz vbccbz åskf cj-

dvtcnyj jceotcndktyf ÅLBGX, Gfh-

kfvtyncrjq fccfvåkttq (GF) JÅCT,

Gfhkfvtyncrjq fccfvåkttq Cjdtnf

Tdhjgs (GFCT) b Tdhjgtqcrbv gfh-

kfvtynjv. C 22 vfz hfåjnfkf vbc-

cbz ÅLBGX gj ljkujchjxyjve yf-

åkñltybñ pf dsåjhfvb dj ukfdt c

Ybrjkftv Dekxfyjdsv (Åjkufhbz).

D ltym dsåjhjd yf vtcnfö åskb hfp-

vtotys ghbvthyj 250 rhfnrjchjx-

ysö yfåkñlfntktq bp 30 cnhfy, d njv

xbckt 39 jn GF JÅCT, 17 jn GFCT

b ctvm jn Tdhjgtqcrjuj gfhkfvtynf.

Jgeåkbrjdfy ljrkfl

yfåkñlfntktq pf dsåjhfvb

ÅLBGX JÅCT jgeåkbrjdfkj bnj-

ujdsq ljrkfl j gfhkfvtyncrbö

dsåjhfö d Htcgeåkbrt Xthyjujhbb

(Cjñpyfz Htcgeåkbrf Ñujckfdbz),

cjcnjzdiböcz 22 fghtkz 2001 ujlf.

C ljrkfljv vjéyj jpyfrjvbnmcz yf

dtå-cfqnt ÅLBGX: www.osce.org/odihr.

ÅLBGX gjvjuftn

d gjlujnjdrt

gjuhfybxybrjd yf

Ñéyjv Rfdrfpt

ÅLBGX ghbcnegb-

kj r htfkbpfwbb yjdjq ghjuhfvvs

gjvjob gjuhfybxysv ckeéåfv d

ñéyjrfdrfpcrjv htubjyt. Gthdsv

ifujv d änjv yfghfdktybb cnfk rehc

gjlujnjdrb, ghjdtltyysq d Gjkmit

c 17 gj 22 bñyz lkz uheggs cjnhel-

ybrjd gjuhfybxyjq ckeéås Fpthåfq-

léfyf.

Chtlb ckeifntktq rehcf åskb, d

xfcnyjcnb, ghtlcnfdbntkb ytlfdyj cj-

plfyyjuj d Åfre wtynhf gjlujnjdrb

gjuhfybxysö bycgtrnjhjd. Exfcnyb-

rb änjq ghjuhfvvs gjlujnjdrb cvju-

kb ytgjchtlcndtyyj jpyfrjvbnmcz c

gjkmcrjq gjkbnbrjq b ghfrnbrjq gj-

uhfybxyjuj rjynhjkz b bcgjkmpet-

vsvb vtnjlfvb gjlujnjdrb.

Ghjuhfvvf jåextybz drkñxfkf

dcnhtxb d ltgfhnfvtynt rflhjd b

ghjatccbjyfkmyjq gjlujnjdrb Ukfd-

yjuj eghfdktybz gjuhfybxyjq ckeé-

ås d Dfhifdt, gjctotybt dfhifdcrj-

uj fähjgjhnf b jlyjuj bp rjynhjkm-

yj-ghjgecrysö geyrnjd yf uhfybwt c

Hjccbqcrjq Atlthfwbtq, f nfrét pf-

LTVJRHFNBPFWBZ


D T C N Y B R

o

yznbz d extåyjv wtynht gjkmcrjq gj-

uhfyckeéås d Rtnébyt.

Yf cktleñotv änfgt ghjuhfvvs

gjvjob ärcgthn gj cjcnfdktybñ

extåysö ghjuhfvv bp lheujuj, hfc-

gjkjétyyjuj d u. Rjifkby extåyj-

uj wtynhf gjkmcrjq gjuhfyckeéås

gjctnbn Åfre, xnjås yf vtcnt gjvjxm

d hfphfåjnrt äaatrnbdysö ghj-

uhfvv lkz wtynhf gjlujnjdrb gjuhf-

ybxysö bycgtrnjhjd.

Herjdjlcndj fpthåfqléfycrbö

nñhtv ghjöjlbn gjlujnjdre d

Gjkmit

D hfvrfö jhufybpjdfyyjq ÅLBGX

ghjuhfvvs gjlujnjdrb hfåjnybrjd

fpthåfqléfycrbö gtybntywbfhysö

exhtéltybq c 17 gj 24 bñyz uheggf

d cjcnfdt ltcznb herjdjlzobö cj-

nhelybrjd nñhtv ghjikf gjlujnjd-

re d gjkmcrjv extåyjv wtynht lkz

herjdjlcndf b gthcjyfkf nñhtv, hfc-

gjkjétyyjv d u. Rfkbi. Ukfdyjq nt-

vjq änjuj jlyjytltkmyjuj rehcf ås-

kb extåyst ghjuhfvvs b vtnjlbrb,

bcgjkmpetvst lkz gjlujnjdrb gth-

cjyfkf nñhtv, f nfrét vtéleyfhjl-

yst cnfylfhns, d xfcnyjcnb, cjlth-

éfobtcz d Tdhjgtqcrbö nñhtvysö

ghfdbkfö. Rhjvt njuj, herjdjlbntkb

fpthåfqléfycrbö nñhtv gjctnbkb

hzl gtybntywbfhysö exhtéltybq, ult

jyb bvtkb djpvjéyjcnm jåcelbnm b

yfåkñlfnm ghfrnbxtcrjt ghbvtytybt

ghbjåhtntyysö d öjlt extås pyfybq.

Extåyst rehcs d Epåtrbcnfyt yf

ntve j vtéleyfhjlyj-ghfdjdsö

cnfylfhnfö

21–29 vfz ÅLBGX ghjdtkj d Åe-

öfht b Nfirtynt ldf rehcf, gjcdz-

otyysö vtéleyfhjlyj-ghfdjdsv

cnfylfhnfv. Jyb åskb jhufybpjdfys

d cjnhelybxtcndt c Wtynhjv JÅCT d

Nfirtynt, Epåtrcrbv yfwbjyfkmysv

wtynhjv gj ghfdfv xtkjdtrf, f nfr-

ét Wtynhfkmyj- b Djcnjxyjtdhjgtq-

crjq ghfdjdjq bybwbfnbdjq Fvthb-

rfycrjq rjkktubb fldjrfnjd.

Ckeifntkb rehcjd gjlhjåyj jp-

yfrjvbkbcm c gjkjétybzvb Vtéle-

yfhjlyjuj gfrnf j uhfélfycrbö b gj-

kbnbxtcrbö ghfdfö b Tdhjgtqcrjq

rjydtywbb gj ghfdfv xtkjdtrf, f nfr-

ét c jåzpfntkmcndfvb, ghbyznsvb d

hfvrfö JÅCT. Pfyznbz ghjdjlbkbcm

ldevz ärcgthnfvb bp ÅLBGX. Yf ybö

ghbcencndjdfkb ghtlcnfdbntkb jå-

kfcnysö b jåotyfwbjyfkmysö celtå-

ysö jhufyjd, ghjrehfnehs, rjkktubb

fldjrfnjd, vbybcnthcndf dyenhtyybö

ltk b ckeéås yfwbjyfkmyjq åtpjgfc-

yjcnb.

Uffucrfz dcnhtxf rjycekmnfnbdyjq

uheggs ÅLBGX gj cdjåjlt

htkbubb

Rjynfrnyfz uheggf rjycekmnfnbd-

yjq uheggs ärcgthnjd ÅLBGX gj cdj-

åjlt htkbubb b dthjbcgjdtlfybz ghj-

dtkf 20–21 bñyz d Uffut dcnhtxe,

ghbehjxtyyeñ r ctvbyfhe yf ntve

≤Cdjåjlf htkbubb b dthjbcgjdtlf-

ybz: ghfdjdst b ghfrnbxtcrbt dspj-

ds≥, jhufybpjdfyyjve vbybcnthcn-

djv byjcnhfyysö ltk Yblthkfyljd b

Hevsybtq rfr cnhfyjq – ghtlctlfnt-

ktv JÅCT. Gthtl exfcnybrfvb ctvb-

yfhf, chtlb rjnjhsö åskb ärcgthns

d lfyyjq jåkfcnb bp hfpysö xfcntq

htubjyf JÅCT, dscnegbkb Ltqcndeñ-

obq ghtlctlfntkm JÅCT, vbybcnh

byjcnhfyysö ltk Hevsybb Vbhxf

Léjfyf b vbybcnh byjcnhfyysö ltk

Yblthkfyljd Qjpbfc dfy Fhncty. Jåf

jyb gjlxthryekb dféyjcnm jåtcgtxt-

ybz nthgbvjcnb b cdjåjls htkbubb.

Gjvbvj jåceéltybz cnhfntubb

dsgjkytybz dscrfpfyysö yf ctvbyf-

ht htrjvtylfwbq, rjycekmnfnbdyfz

uheggf ghjfyfkbpbhjdfkf cdjñ ltz-

ntkmyjcnm b öjl htfkbpfwbb cjjndtn-

cndeñobö ghjtrnjd ÅLBGX pf gthb-

jl c ghtlitcndeñotq dcnhtxb (jr-

nzåhm 2000 ujlf), f nfrét jåcelbkf

ntyltywbb d ghfrnbrt ujcelfhcnd ht-

ubjyf JÅCT d njv, xnj rfcftncz cdj-

åjls htkbubb.

DJGHJCS HJVF B CBYNB

Hjvf hfccvfnhbdfñn

d Crjgmt gkfy ltqcndbq

d hfvrfö Gfrnf j

cnfåbkmyjcnb

6 bñyz ÅLBGX jhufybpjdfkj d

Crjgmt cjdtofybt gj djghjcfv, rf-

cfñobvcz åtétywtd-hjvf bp Rjcjdj

d åsditq ñujckfdcrjq Htcgeåkbrt

Vfrtljybb. Änj cjdtofybt, d rjnj-

hjv exfcndjdfkb ghbvthyj 40 ghtl-

cnfdbntktq gjkbnbxtcrbö gfhnbq b

YGJ, f nfrét vtéleyfhjlyst är-

cgthns, lfkj djpvjéyjcnm jåcelbnm

öjl htfkbpfwbb gkfyf ltqcndbq d jn-

yjitybb åtétywtd-hjvf b dyenhtyyt

gthtvtotyysö kbw (DGK) yf Åfkrf-

yfö, ghbyznjuj d ctynzåht 2000 ujlf

d hfvrfö Gfrnf j cnfåbkmyjcnb lkz

Ñuj-Djcnjxyjq Tdhjgs.

D rjyntrcnt cjukfcjdfyyjq c lhe-

ubvb vtéleyfhjlysvb jhufybpfwbz-

vb rjywtgnefkmyjq åfps lkz cjnhel-

ybxtcndf ÅLBGX cgjcjåcndetn ajh-

vbhjdfybñ chtlb åtétywtd b DGK

jåotcndtyysö fccjwbfwbq, c ntv xnj-

ås cnbvekbhjdfnm åjktt frnbdyjt b

ytgjchtlcndtyyjt exfcnbt änbö uhegg

yfctktybz d htitybb bö rjyrhtnysö

ghjåktv.

Yf egjvzyenjv cjdtofybb ghbcen-

cndjdfkb ghtlcnfdbntkb hzlf ytlfdyj

cjplfyysö fccjwbfwbq åtétywtd, rj-

njhst ghbyzkb frnbdyjt exfcnbt d jå-

ceéltybb ysytiytuj gjkjétybz d

åsditq ñujckfdcrjq Htcgeåkbrt Vf-

rtljybb b gthcgtrnbd yf åeleott lkz

åtétywtd-hjvf. Ghjpdexfkb flhtcj-

dfyyst ghtlcnfdbntkzv YGJ ghbps-

ds r åjktt ltqcndtyyjve exfcnbñ d

jåhfpjdfntkmyjq b byjq ghjcdtnb-

ntkmcrjq ltzntkmyjcnb yf dctö ehjd-

yzö, ghjdjlbvjq dkfcnzvb cnhfys


D T C N Y B R

o

ghtåsdfybz, f nfrét ghb cjltqcndbb

vtéleyfhjlysö jhufybpfwbq.

D bñyt rjynfrnysq geyrn ÅLBGX

gj djghjcfv hjvf b cbynb ghjljk-

éfk dybvfntkmyj cktlbnm b pf gjkj-

étybtv hjvf, zdkzñoböcz uhfélf-

yfvb åsditq ñujckfdcrjq Htcgeåkb-

rb Vfrtljybb.

D cdtnt bnjujd ghjdtltyyjuj d

vfhnt gjl äubljq ÅLBGX ctvbyfhf,

yf rjnjhjv gjlxthrbdfkfcm ytjåöj-

lbvjcnm kexitq cfvjjhufybpfwbb

uhfélfy-hjvf d cnhfyt, nhb ghtl-

cnfdkzñobt hjvf gjkbnbxtcrbt gfh-

nbb ljujdjhbkbcm d bñyt j cjplfybb

rjfkbwbb, c ntv xnjås hfphfåjnfnm

b ghtlcnfdbnm cjdvtcnyeñ gkfnajh-

ve lkz yfkfébdfybz gjkbnbxtcrjuj

lbfkjuf jå erhtgktybb vyjujänyb-

xtcrbö ltvjrhfnbxtcrbö cnherneh d

åsditq ñujckfdcrjq Htcgeåkbrt

Vfrtljybb.

Hjvf ghbpsdfñn r åjktt

ibhjrjve exfcnbñ d

gjkbnbxtcrjv ghjwtcct

byntuhfwbb c TC

2–3 bñyz d u. Cfvjhby (Ckjdf-

rbz) cjcnjzkfcm vtéleyfhjlyfz rjy-

athtywbz ghtlcnfdbntktq jhufybpf-

wbq hjvf bp Ckjdfrbb, Xticrjq Htc-

geåkbrb b Gjkmib, jlybv bp cgjy-

cjhjd rjnjhjq åskj ÅLBGX. Exfcn-

ybrb rjyathtywbb ghbyzkb ltrkfhf-

wbñ, ghbpsdfñoeñ r åjktt frnbd-

yjve djdktxtybñ ghtlcnfdbntktq hj-

vf d gjkbnbxtcrbq ghjwtcc, dtleobq

r byntuhfwbb bö cnhfy d Tdhjgtqcrbq

cjñp (TC), d njv xbckt d hfåjne by-

cnbnewbjyfkmysö cnherneh, d hfvrfö

rjnjhsö dtlencz gthtujdjhs vtéle

TC b cnhfyfvb-rfylblfnfvb.

Ghjljkéfz yfxfneñ yf änjq rjy-

athtywbb hfåjne, ÅLBGX cjdvtcnyj

c Cjdtnjv Tdhjgs b Tdhjgtqcrjq rj-

vbccbtq ghjbpdtltn jwtyre äaatr-

nbdyjcnb jceotcndkztvsö TC ghj-

uhfvv AFHT, yfghfdktyysö yf

ekexitybt eckjdbq ébpyb hjvf d

cnhfyfö-rfylblfnfö.

ÅLBGX gjllthébdftn rfvgfybñ

gj cnbvekbhjdfybñ exfcnbz d

gthtgbcb yfctktybz d Ckjdfrbb

ÅLBGX cjdvtcnyj c Bycnbnenjv

≤Jnrhsnjt jåotcndj≥ (Åelfgtin)

gjllthéfkj rfvgfybñ gj gjjoht-

ybñ exfcnbz hjvf d gthtgbcb yfct-

ktybz d Ckjdfrbb. Änf rfvgfybz,

ghjdjlbdifzcz d vft-bñyt Futyncn-

djv ghfdjdjq pfobns hjvf, ghtckt-

ljdfkf wtkm gjdscbnm jcdtljvkty-

yjcnm wsufy jå bö ghfdt cdjåjlyj pf-

zdkznm j cdjtq änybxtcrjq ghbyfl-

ktéyjcnb d öjlt gthtgbcb. Uheggf

wsufycrbö frnbdbcnjd gjctnbkf 200

bp 600 yfctktyysö geyrnjd, d cjcnf-

dt yfctktybz rjnjhsö pyfxbntkmyeñ

xfcnm cjcnfdkzñn hjvf, b hfcghj-

cnhfybkf ghbvthyj 140 000 gkfrfnjd

b lheubö byajhvfwbjyysö vfnthbf-

kjd yf nhtö zpsrfö (ckjdfwrjv, dty-

uthcrjv b wsufycrjv). Änf rfvgfybz

åskf ghjdtltyf ddble ibhjrj hfc-

ghjcnhfytyyjuj chtlb ghtlcnfdbntktq

hjvf ytétkfybz jåjpyfxfnm cdjñ än-

ybxtcreñ bkb yfwbjyfkmyeñ ghbyfl-

ktéyjcnm ddble bvtdibö hfytt vtc-

nj ghtcktljdfybq, lbcrhbvbyfwbb b

yfcbkmcndtyyjq fccbvbkzwbb.

Gjcktlybq vtczw hfåjns Dfy

lth Cnekf: jcyjdyjt dybvfybt –

vfrtljywfv

Yf ghjnzétybb gjcktlytuj vtcz-

wf cdjtuj ghtåsdfybz yf gjcne Dth-

öjdyjuj rjvbccfhf JÅCT gj ltkfv

yfwbjyfkmysö vtymibycnd Vfrc dfy

lth Cnek ghjljkéfk pfybvfnmcz

ehtuekbhjdfybtv yfghzétyyjq cb-

nefwbb d åsditq ñujckfdcrjq Htc-

geåkbrt Vfrtljybb. Jy gjllthéb-

dfk htuekzhyst b ntcyst rjynfrns

c ghtlcnfdbntkzvb vfrtljycrjuj

ghfdbntkmcndf, fkåfycrjq jåobys b

vtéleyfhjlyjuj cjjåotcndf (jcj-

åtyyj c Dscjrbv ghtlcnfdbntktv

Tdhjgtqcrjuj cjñpf Öfdmthjv Cj-

kfyjq). 18 bñyz V. dfy lth Cnek cj-

ghjdjélfk Ltqcndeñotuj ghtlctlf-

ntkz, vbybcnhf byjcnhfyysö ltk

Hevsybb Vbhxe Léjfye d öjlt tuj

gjtplrb d Crjgmt. Ukfdyjq wtkmñ db-

pbnf åskj gjlxthryenm ujnjdyjcnm

JÅCT ghjljkéfnm buhfnm frnbdyeñ

hjkm d Vfrtljybb.

26–28 bñyz V. dfy lth Cnek

dyjdm gjctnbk äne cnhfye c wtkmñ

Dthöjdyjuj rjvbccfhf gj ltkfv yfwbjyfkmysö vtymibycndÅñhj Dthöjdyjuj rjvbccfhf JÅCT gj ltkfv yfwbjyfkmysö vtymibycnd (DRYV) yföjlbncz gj flhtce: Prinsessegracht 22, NL-2514 AP The Hague, The Netherlands. Ntk.: (+31-70) 312 55 00, afrc: (+31-70) 363 59 10, äk. gjxnf: [email protected]

J LTZNTKMYJCNB

31Njv ªÈÈÈ, No.7

oD T C N Y B R

lfkmytqituj enjxytybz cbnefwbb. Jy

cnhtvbkcz åsnm d rehct cjåsnbq, c

ntv xnjås bvtnm djpvjéyjcnm gjl-

ujnjdbnm htrjvtylfwbb jnyjcbntkm-

yj cjltqcndbz vtéänybxtcrjve lbf-

kjue b ecnhfytybz ytrjnjhsö bp rj-

htyysö ghbxby rjyakbrnf.

Gjrblfñobq cdjq gjcn Dthöjd-

ysq rjvbccfh lfdyj eét exfcndetn

d ltkfö åsditq ñujckfdcrjq Htcgeå-

kbrb Vfrtljybb b pyfrjv c tt gj-

kbnbxtcrbvb gfhnbzvb b ghjåktvf-

vb. Ctqxfc, rjulf pfrfyxbdftncz

chjr ghtåsdfybz V. dfy lth Cnekf

d ljkéyjcnb Dthöjdyjuj rjvbccfhf,

Ltqcndeñobq ghtlctlfntkm htibk

yfpyfxbnm tuj cdjbv kbxysv ghtl-

cnfdbntktv ≤d wtkzö cjltqcndbz lbf-

kjue b ghtlcnfdktybz htrjvtylfwbq

jnyjcbntkmyj crjhtqituj ehtuekb-

hjdfybz ysytiytuj rhbpbcf d åsd-

itq ñujckfdcrjq Htcgeåkbrt Vfrt-

ljybb≥.

Hjkma Ärtec dcnegftn d

ljkéyjcnm

Yjdsq Dthöjdysq rjvbccfh,

Hjkma Ärtec (Idtwbz), eét ghbcne-

gbk r bcgjkytybñ cdjbö jåzpfyyjc-

ntq, gjctnbd 5 bñkz Åtkuhfl, ult jy

dscnegbk yf htubjyfkmyjq vbybcnth-

crjq rjyathtywbb gj ghjåktvfv yf-

wbjyfkmysö b änybxtcrbö jåoby d

Ñuj-Djcnjxyjq Tdhjgt. D cdjtv ds-

cnegktybb jy pfzdbk j yfvthtybb

ghjljkéfnm b yfhfobdfnm yfxfnjt

tuj ghtlitcndtyybrjv exfcnbt d lt-

kfö htubjyf, ≤jncktébdfz ghb änjv

dct cjåsnbz yf Åfkrfyfö, cdzpfyyst

c gjntywbfkmyjq yfghzétyyjcnmñ

djrheu yfwbjyfkmysö vtymibycnd≥

(c gjkysv ntrcnjv tuj dscnegktybz

vjéyj jpyfrjvbnmcz yf dtå-cfqnt

DRYV: www.osce.org/hcnm). D re-

kefhfö rjyathtywbb H. Ärtec dcnht-

nbkcz c vbybcnhjv byjcnhfyysö ltk

Ujhfyjv Cdbkfyjdbxtv, atlthfkm-

ysv vbybcnhjv gj ltkfv yfwbjyfkm-

ysö b änybxtcrbö jåoby Hfcbvjv

Kzbxtv b herjdjlbntktv Vbccbb

JÅCT d Cjñpyjq Htcgeåkbrt Ñujc-

kfdbb Cntafyj Cfyybyj.

6 bñkz H. Ärtec gjctnbk Gfhbé,

ult dscnegbk yf ltcznjq tétujlyjq

ctccbb Gfhkfvtyncrjq fccfvåktb

JÅCT. Jy nfrét ghjdtk ldecnjhjy-

ybt åtctls cj cnfhibvb ljkéyjc-

nysvb kbwfvb ahfywepcrjuj vbybc-

nthcndf byjcnhfyysö ltk b dcnhtnbk-

cz c dscjrjgjcnfdktyysvb jabwb-

fkmysvb kbwfvb JÅCT.

9–11 bñkz jy cjdthibk jpyfrj-

vbntkmyeñ gjtplre d Dtye, ult

dcnhtnbkcz c ghtlcnfdbntkzvb ujce-

lfhcnd – exfcnybrjd JÅCT b cnfh-

ibvb cjnhelybrfvb Ctrhtnfhbfnf

JÅCT.

Quiet Diplomacy in Action(≤Nböfz lbgkjvfnbz≥ d ltqcndbb)

Dthöjdysq rjvbccfh JÅCT gj ltkfv yfwbjyfkmysö vtymibycnd

Htlfrnjh: Ejknth Rtvg – Ghtlbckjdbt: Vböfäkm Buyfnmtd

Änf rybuf, d rjnjhjq gjlhjåyj hfccrfpsdftncz j hfåjnt gthdjuj Dthöjdyjuj rjvbccfhf JÅCT gj ltkfv yf-

wbjyfkmysö vtymibycnd Vfrcf dfy lth Cnekf, yfgbcfyf tuj cnfhibv cjdtnybrjv. Jyf lftn djpvjéyjcnm

xbnfntkñ pfukzyenm ≤pf rekbcs≥ b gjyznm, rfrbv jåhfpjv änjve ≤nböjve lbgkjvfne≥ yf ghjnzétybb djcm-

vb ktn elfdfkjcm dsgjkyznm cdjq vfylfn gj ghtljndhfotybñ rjyakbrnjd d åjktt xtv 15 cnhfyfö. D rf-

xtcndt ghbkjétybz d rybue drkñxtys jcyjdyst cdzpfyyst c lfyyjq ntvjq ljrevtyns.

Published by Kluwer Law International, The Hague, PO Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands. E-mail: [email protected]

32 Njv ªÈÈÈ, No.7

D T C N Y B R

o

Gfhkfvtynfhbb cktlzn pf

dsåjhfvb d Fkåfybb

≤Änb dsåjhs cnfkb tot jlybv

dféysv ifujv yf genb rjycjkblf-

wbb ltvjrhfnbb d Fkåfybb≥, – pf-

zdbk pfvtcnbntkm ghtlctlfntkz Gfh-

kfvtyncrjq fccfvåktb

JÅCT Åhñc Léjhlé,

ghtlcnfdkzz jn bvtyb

vtéleyfhjlyjq vbccbb

gj yfåkñltybñ pf dsåj-

hfvb ghtldfhbntkmyjt

pfzdktybt j gfhkfvtyn-

crbö dsåjhfö, cjcnjzd-

iböcz d Fkåfybb 26 bñ-

yz. ≤Åfkrfys – gjkbnb-

xtcrb jxtym ytcnfåbkm-

ysq htubjy, jlyfrj vs

åskb gjhfétys ntv, yf-

crjkmrj cgjrjqyj ghji-

kb änb dsåjhs≥, – ljåf-

dbk jy.

Å. Léjhlé d rfxtcndt

cgtwbfkmyjuj ghtlcnfdb-

ntkz Ltqcndeñotuj ghtlctlfntkz

JÅCT, vbybcnhf byjcnhfyysö ltk He-

vsybb Vbhxb Léjfys djpukfdkzk

uhegge d cjcnfdt cdsit 270 vtéle-

yfhjlysö yfåkñlfntktq, drkñxfz 40

gfhkfvtynfhbtd JÅCT, rjnjhst d

ltym dsåjhjd åskb hfcchtljnjxtys

yf vtcnfö gj dctq Fkåfybb. Jy ds-

cnegbk c ghtldfhbntkmysv pfzdktyb-

tv gj bnjufv dsåjhjd yf ghtcc-rjy-

athtywbb 27 bñyz dvtcnt c ghtlcnf-

dbntkzvb Gfhkfvtyncrjq fccfvåktb

Cjdtnf Tdhjgs, Tdhjgtqcrjuj gfh-

kfvtynf b Åñhj JÅCT gj ltvjr-

hfnbxtcrbv bycnbnenfv b ghfdfv xt-

kjdtrf.

D pfzdktybb jnvtxfkbcm jcyjd-

yst ytljcnfnrb d jhufybpfwbb dsåj-

hjd, d xfcnyjcnb, gjgsnrb dscnfd-

kznm gfhnbqysö rfylblfnjd d rfxt-

cndt ytpfdbcbvsö, ytnjxyjcnb d

cgbcrfö bpåbhfntktq b ckbirjv

åjkmibt hfcöjéltybz d xbckt pfht-

ubcnhbhjdfyysö bpåbhfntktq d ytrj-

njhsö bpåbhfntkmysö jrheufö.

Dbpbns Ghtlctlfntkz GF JÅCT

d Rfyfle b Cjtlbytyyst Infns

Gj ghbukfitybñ cgbrthjd jåtbö

gfkfn rfyflcrjuj gfhkfvtynf Ghtl-

ctlfntkm Gfhkfvtyncrjq fccfvåktb

(GF) Flhbfy Ctdthby 11–12 bñyz yf-

ytc jabwbfkmysq dbpbn d Rfyfle.

Jnnelf jy yfghfdbkcz d Cjtlbyty-

yst Infns, ult 13–15 bñyz ghjdtk

ytcrjkmrj dcnhtx. D gthdsq ltym

cdjtuj ghtåsdfybz d Jnnfdt jy

dcnhtxfkcz c ghfdbntkmcndtyysvb

jabwbfkmysvb kbwfvb, drkñxfz

vbybcnhf byjcnhfyysö ltk Léjyf

Väykb, f dnjhjq ltym gjcdznbk åt-

ctlfv c rfyflcrbvb gfhkfvtynfhbz-

vb. Gjvbvj änjuj e ytuj cjcnjzkcz

hzl dcnhtx c herjdjlzobvb hfåjn-

ybrfvb VBL, drkñxfz ujcctrhtnf-

hz Létqvcf Hfqnf b lj-

kéyjcnysö kbw, rehb-

heñobö hfpkbxyst xfc-

nb htubjyf JÅCT. Jy

nfrét dscnegbk yf cjdt-

ofybb gjckjd cnhfy

JÅCT b dcnhtnbkcz c cj-

dtnybrjv gj vtéleyf-

hjlysv ltkfv ghtvmth-

vbybcnhf cnhfys Éfyf

Rhtnmtyf.

D hfvrfö vtégfhkf-

vtyncrbö rjynfrnjd

Ghtlctlfntkm Fccfvåktb

Ctdthby dcnhtnbkcz c

xktyfvb ltktufwbb d GF

JÅCT b åsdibv pfvtc-

nbntktv ghtlctlfntkz

Dnjhjuj rjvbntnf GF JÅCT Léth-

hb Uhfacnfqyjv, f nfrét c lheubvb

gfhkfvtyncrbvb herjdjlbntkzvb.

Ghtlctlfntkz Fccfvåktb cjghjdjé-

lfk rfpyfxtq GF JÅCT Åbkk Uhäv.

D Dfibyunjyt Ghtlctlfntkm GF

Ctdthby dcnhtnbkcz cj cgbrthjv gf-

kfns ghtlcnfdbntktq Läyybcjv Öfc-

nthnjv b kblthjv vtymibycndf Hb-

xfhljv Utgöfhljv, f nfrét c pfvtc-

nbntktv ghtlctlfntkz GF JÅCT

Cntyb Öjqthjv b ghtlctlfntktv rj-

vbntnf gj gjkbnbxtcrbv djghjcfv b

åtpjgfcyjcnb Fkcb Ötqcnbyucjv. F.

Ötqcnbyuc, zdkzñobqcz nfrét dkbz-

ntkmysv ghtlcnfdbntktv ltvjrhf-

njd d gjlrjvbntnt gj tdhjgtqcrbv

Gfhkfvtyncrjq fccfvåktb JÅCT

Ctrhtnfhbfn Gfhkfvtyncrjq fccfvåktb JÅCT yföjlbncz gj flhtce: Rådhusstræde 1, DK-1466 Copenhagen K, Denmark. Ntk.: (+45-33) 37 80 40, afrc: (+45-33) 37 80 30, äk. gjxnf: [email protected]

YJDJCNB

Pfvtcnbntkm ghtlctlfntkz Gfhkfvtyncrjq fccfvåktb

Åhñc Léjhlé herjdjlbn hfåjnjq uheggs vtéleyfhjlysö

yfåkñlfntktq pf gfhkfvtyncrbvb dsåjhfvb d Fkåfybb


ltkfv gfkfns ghtlcnfdbntktq, jhuf-

ybpjdfk dcnhtxe c xktyfvb änjuj

gjlrjvbntnf, drkñxfz infnysö är-

cgthnjd. Rhjvt njuj F. Ctdthby

bvtk åtctle c ctyfnjhjv Rhbcjv

Ljlljv (infn Rjyytrnbren), rjnj-

hjve ghtlcnjbn djpukfdbnm ötkm-

cbyrcreñ rjvbccbñ rjyuhtccf CIF.

Yföjlzcm d Dfibyunjyt, Ghtlct-

lfntkm GF dcnhtnbkcz c pfvtcnbnt-

ktv ujcctrhtnfhz Hbxfhljv Fhvb-

nfétv, pfvtcnbntktv ujcctrhtnfhz

gj ukjåfkmysv djghjcfv Gjkjq Lj-

åhzycrb b rkñxtdsvb cjnhelybrf-

vb ujcelfhcndtyyjuj ltgfhnfvtynf

CIF, pfybvfñobvbcz ghjåktvfvb

htubjyf JÅCT. Yfhzle c änbv e yt-

uj cjcnjzkbcm åtctls d cjdtnt yf-

wbjyfkmyjq åtpjgfcyjcnb b yfwbj-

yfkmyjv ltvjrhfnbxtcrjv bycnbne-

nt gj vtéleyfhjlysv ltkfv. D öj-

lt gjtplrb d Jnnfde b Dfibyunjy

F. Ctdthbyf cjghjdjélfk Utythfkm-

ysq ctrhtnfhm GF Cgtycth Jkbdth.

Pfdthibd cdjb jabwbfkmyst db-

pbns, F. Ctdthby gjctnbk Ymñ-Qjhr,

ult dcnhtnbkcz c gjvjoybrjv Utyt-

hfkmyjuj ctrhtnfhz gj gjkbnbxtc-

rbv djghjcfv Lfybkjq Nñhrjv b

lbhtrnjhjv jnltkf Tdhjgs b Fvt-

hbrb ltgfhnfvtynf JJY gj gjkbnb-

xtcrbv djghjcfv Fyétkjq Rtqy.

Gjvbvj änjuj jy åtctljdfk c ghtpb-

ltynjv Fccjwbfwbb wtynhjd dctvbh-

yjq njhujdkb Ub Njpjkb.

Dscnegfz gthtl felbnjhbtq, cj-

cnjzotq bp åbpytcvtyjd b ghtlcnf-

dbntktq CVB, jy ghjbpytc htxm j hj-

kb b ädjkñwbb GF JÅCT, dféyjcnb

jåtcgtxtybz cnfåbkmyjcnb b åtpjgfc-

yjcnb d vbht yf genzö hfpdbnbz, ärj-

yjvbxtcrjuj cjnhelybxtcndf b by-

ntuhfwbb, f nfrét j djpvjéyjcnb

ghbdktxtybz vbhf åbpytcf r htfkb-

pfwbb ghjtrnjd JÅCT, jcjåtyyj d

njv, xnj rfcftncz ljcnbétybz wtktq

Gfrnf j cnfåbkmyjcnb.

Dbpbn Ghtlctlfntkz GF Ctdthbyf

d Gjkmie

19–20 bñyz gj ghbukfitybñ ctq-

vf (gjkmcrbq gfhkfvtyn) Ghtlctlf-

ntkm GF JÅCT Flhbfy Ctdthby yf-

ytc jabwbfkmysq dbpbn d Gjkmie,

ult dcnhtnbkcz cj cgbrthjv Vfwt-

qtv Gkzwbycrbv, ghtlctlfntktv rj-

vbntnf gj byjcnhfyysv ltkfv ctq-

vf Xtckfdjv Åtktwrbv, f nfrét c

gjkmcrjq ltktufwbtq d GF JÅCT,

drkñxfz tt herjdjlbntkz Téb Jcz-

nbycrjuj.

D öjlt cjcnjzdiböcz dcnhtx

F. Ctdthby gjödfkbk gjkmcrbq gfh-

kfvtyn pf tuj frnbdyjt exfcnbt d

ltzntkmyjcnb GF JÅCT. Jy nfrét

dscrfpfk b jåcelbk c cjåtctlybrfvb

hzl bltq jnyjcbntkmyj lfkmytqibö

ltqcndbq Fccfvåktb, d njv xbckt d

tt jnyjitybzö c lheubvb gfhkfvtyn-

crbvb bycnbnenfvb, nfrbvb, rfr Td-

hjgtqcrbq gfhkfvtyn b Gfhkfvtyn-

crfz fccfvåktz Cjdtnf Tdhjgs.

Dj dnjhjq ltym dbpbnf jy ghjdtk

gthtujdjhs cj cgbrthjv gjkmcrjuj

ctyfnf Fkbwbtq Uétcrjdzr b ght-

vmth-vbybcnhjv Téb Åewtrjv. Dj

dnjhjq gjkjdbyt lyz jy dcnhtnbkcz

c vbybcnhjv byjcnhfyysö ltk Dkf-

lbckfdjv Åfhnjitdcrbv b ujcelfh-

cndtyysv ctrhtnfhtv u-yjv Cbdt-

rjv, f nfrét c dscjrjgjcnfdktyys-

vb ghtlcnfdbntkzvb vbybcnthcndf

jåjhjys. F. Ctdthby ujdjhbk j yt-

jåöjlbvjcnb ghblfnm ltzntkmyjcnb

JÅCT yjdsq gjkbnbxtcrbq bvgekmc

b j dféyjcnb gjkbnbxtcrbö lbhtr-

nbd bp cnjkbw cnhfy-exfcnybw lkz

hfcibhtybz ghjwtccjd, bleobö d

hfvrfö Jhufybpfwbb.

Jy pfdthibk cdjq jabwbfkmysq

dbpbn ktrwbtq d Dfhifdcrjv eybdth-

cbntnt yf ntve ≤Tdhjgf pfdnhf: jå-

oyjcnm cnhföjd bkb jåoyjcnm wty-

yjcntq?≥, d rjnjhjq ghjfyfkbpbhj-

dfk ghjåktvs b gthcgtrnbds ghj-

wtccf tdhjgtqcrjq byntuhfwbb c njx-

rb phtybz ujcelfhcnd Djcnjxyjq b

Wtynhfkmyjq Tdhjgs. Gthtl djpdhf-

otybtv d Åeöfhtcn Ghtlctlfntkm

GF ghjdtk hfåjxtt cjdtofybt c Lb-

htrnjhjv ÅLBGX Éthfhjv Cnelvf-

yjv.

Dbpbn gfhkfvtynfhbtd JÅCT d

Uhepbñ

26–28 bñyz xktys cgtwbfkmyjuj

gfhkfvtyncrjuj rjvbntnf JÅCT gj

Fåöfpbb gjctnbkb Uhepbñ, c ntv

xnjås lfnm gthdeñ jwtyre cjcnjz-

ybz ghjwtccf gj ehtuekbhjdfybñ

uhepbyj-fåöfpcrjuj rjyakbrnf.

Xktys ltktufwbb dcnhtnbkbcm c ght-

pbltynjv Uhepbb Älefhljv Itdfh-

lyflpt, f nfrét c vbybcnhfvb, gfh-

kfvtynfhbzvb b ghtlcnfdbntkzvb

dtleobö YGJ. Herjdjlbntkm cgtwb-

fkmyjuj rjvbntnf Téb Jcznbycrbq

pfzdbk, xnj GF JÅCT ujnjdf jrf-

pfnm cjltqcndbt d yfkfébdfybb cj-

nhelybxtcndf c wtkmñ dshfåjnrb

rjycnbnewbjyysö ljujdjhtyyjcntq,

rjnjhst cvjuen eljdktndjhbnm xfz-

ybz dctö pfbynthtcjdfyysö cnjhjy

ghb edfétybb wtkjcnyjcnb uhepby-

crjuj ujcelfhcndf.

Nhtnbq ≤rheuksq cnjk≥ d

Rfpföcnfyt yf ntve j dsåjhfö

11 bñyz d Fcnfye (Rfpföcnfy)

ghbåsk pfvtcnbntkm ghtlctlfntkz

GF JÅCT Bujhm Jcnfi, ghbyzdibq

exfcnbt d rfxtcndt dtleotuj d nht-

nmtv ≤rheukjv cnjkt≥ yf ntve j ds-

åjhfö. Lfyyjt vthjghbznbt, ghjöj-

lbditt gjl äubljq JÅCT, cjåhfkj

dvtcnt ghtlcnfdbntktq gfhkfvtynf,

hfpkbxysö ujcelfhcndtyysö vbybc-

nthcnd b dtljvcnd b uhfélfycrjuj

jåotcndf. Yf änjv nhtnmtv bp xtns-

htö pfgkfybhjdfyysö ≤rheuksö cnj-

kjd≥ jåceélfkbcm cfyrwbb pf yfhe-

itybt pfrjyjlfntkmcndf j dsåjhfö

oD T C N Y B R


b chtlcndf ghfdjdjq pfobns jn yf-

heitybq, f nfrét ghjwtlehs ehtue-

kbhjdfybz cgjhjd, cdzpfyysö c ds-

åjhfvb.

D öjlt lfyyjuj vthjghbznbz yt-

crjkmrj exfcndjdfdibö d jåceélt-

ybb gfhkfvtynfhbtd ljujdjhbkbcm

cjplfnm bybwbfnbdyeñ uhegge lkz

ghjldbétybz dshfåjnfyysö yf

≤rheukjv cnjkt≥ htrjvtylfwbq d

gfhkfvtynt. Ghjdtltybt xtndthnjuj,

pfrkñxbntkmyjuj ≤rheukjuj cnjkf≥

yf ntve j dsåjhfö pfgkfybhjdfyj yf

ctynzåhm c.u.

Dcnhtxf Nhjqrb JÅCT d Åeöfhtcnt

Yf Dcnhtxt Nhjqrb JÅCT, ghjöj-

lbditq 20 bñyz d Åeöfhtcnt, Ghtl-

ctlfntkz GF JÅCT Flhbfyf Ctdthb-

yf ghtlcnfdkzk pfvtcnbntkm Utyt-

hfkmyjuj ctrhtnfhz Gtynnb Dzyzyty.

Jy hfccrfpfk j vthjghbznbzö, yt-

lfdyj ghjdtltyysö Fccfvåkttq d

Fkåfybb, Uhepbb, Vjkljdt, Åtkfhe-

cb b Wtynhfkmyjq Fpbb, f nfrét j

hfcibhtybb cjnhelybxtcndf c Gfhkf-

vtyncrjq fccfvåkttq Cjdtnf Tdhj-

gs b Tdhjgtqcrbv gfhkfvtynjv.

G. Dzyzyty nfrét egjvzyek j

gbcmvt Ghtlctlfntkz Fccfvåktb

F. Ctdthbyf Ltqcndeñotve ghtlct-

lfntkñ jnyjcbntkmyj cjplfybz rjy-

cekmnfnbdyjq ≤uheggs velhtwjd≥,

rjnjhjq vjéyj åskj ås gjhexbnm

ghtlcnfdbnm yf hfccvjnhtybt Ghtl-

ctlfntkz JÅCT b Ghtlctlfntkz Gfh-

kfvtyncrjq fccfvåktb ghtlkjétybz

j wtkzö, genzö b cgjcjåfö htajhvb-

hjdfybz JÅCT, c ntv xnjås gjds-

cbnm äaatrnbdyjcnm hfåjns Jhufyb-

pfwbb b tt pyfxbvjcnm lkz ujce-

lfhcnd-exfcnybrjd.

Gfrn j cnfåbkmyjcnb erhtgkztn

cdjt gfhkfvtyncrjt bpvthtybt

5 bñyz Tdhjgtqcrbq gfhkfvtyn b

gfhkfvtyncrbt fccfvåktb JÅCT b

Cjdtnf Tdhjgs ljujdjhbkbcm dscne-

gbnm cgjycjhfvb gfhkfvtyncrjuj bp-

vthtybz Gfrnf j cnfåbkmyjcnb ge-

ntv cjplfybz gfhkfvtyncrjq nhjqrb,

rehbheñotq dct fcgtrns ltzntkm-

yjcnb b dct hfåjxbt uheggs Gfrnf.

Rjjhlbyfnjh Gfrnf j cnfåbkmyjcnb

Åjlj Öjvåfö yfpdfk exhtéltybt

gfhkfvtyncrjq nhjqrb ≤rhegysv

ifujv≥ d cjplfybb ltvjrhfnbxtcrjq

jgjhs lkz ltzntkmyjcnb d hfvrfö

Gfrnf b jnhfétybtv njq rjycnher-

nbdyjq hjkb, rjnjheñ gfhkfvtyns b

gfhkfvtynfhbb buhfñn yf ghjnzét-

ybb ldeö ktn ceotcndjdfybz Gfrnf≥.

D T C N Y B R

o

Ghtlcnfdbntkm gj djghjcfv

cdjåjls CVB – j rjycnbnewbjyyjq

ghjåktvt d Bnfkbb

21 bñyz Ghtlcnfdbntkm JÅCT gj

djghjcfv cdjåjls chtlcnd vfccjdjq

byajhvfwbb Ahfqven Ledt, dscne-

gfz yf pfctlfybb Gjcnjzyyjuj cjdt-

nf Jhufybpfwbb, gjltkbkcz cdjtq

jpfåjxtyyjcnmñ, bvtñotq jnyjit-

ybt r ukfdyjq pflfxt, cajhvekbhj-

dfyyjq d tuj vfylfnt, – jpfåjxtyyjc-

nmñ, rjnjhfz cdzpfyf c rjywtynhfwb-

tq rjynhjkz yfl ntktdbpbjyysvb

CVB d herfö ltvjrhfnbxtcrb bp-

åhfyyjuj ghfdbntkmcndf. Ujdjhz j

njv, xnj ghjbpjikj d Bnfkbb, jy ds-

crfpfk vsckm, xnj htpekmnfns

jåüzdktyyjuj hfpltktybz cath

dkbzybz Cbkmdbj Åthkecrjyb – vt-

lbf-vfuyfnf, ytlfdyj bpåhfyyjuj

ghtvmth-vbybcnhjv Bnfkbb, – vté-

le tuj rjvvthxtcrbvb bynthtcfvb b

tuj jabwbfkmysvb jåzpfyyjcnzvb,

ghtlcnfdkzñn bynthtc c njxrb pht-

ybz hfåjns Ghtlcnfdbntkz d ujce-

lfhcndfö – exfcnybrfö JÅCT.

D gbcmvt, yfghfdktyyjv 1 bñyz

njulfiytve vbybcnhe byjcnhfyysö

ltk Bnfkbb Kfvåthnj Lbyb, A. Le-

dt gjlxthryek, xnj ≤ytpfdbcbvst

CVB – xtndthnfz dkfcnm d cnherne-

ht vtöfybpvf ≤clthétr b ghjnbdj-

dtcjd≥ – bvtñn ébpytyyj dféyjt

pyfxtybt lkz kñåjuj ltvjrhfnbxtc-

rjuj jåotcndf. Xtnrjt hfpuhfybxt-

ybt vtéle CVB b gjkbnbrjq zdkz-

tncz ceotcndtyyjq xfcnmñ gjkbnb-

xtcrjq bcnjhbb Tdhjgtqcrjuj cjñpf,

b yb jlyj bp ujcelfhcnd – xktyjd Cj-

ñpf yt ljkéyj änj hfpuhfybxtybt

gjlhsdfnm≥.

Jy gjlxthryek, xnj htpekmnfn nf-

rjuj hfpuhfybxtybz vju ås gjcke-

ébnm lkz dctö ujcelfhcnd – exfcn-

ybrjd JÅCT dféysv ghbvthjv nj-

Ghtlcnfdbntkz JÅCT gj djghjcfvcdjåjls chtlcnd vfccjdjq byajhvfwbbÅñhj Ghtlcnfdbntkz JÅCT gj djghjcfv cdjåjls chtlcnd vfccjdjq byajhvfwbb yföjlbncz gj flhtce: Kärntner Ring 5–7, A-1010 Vienna, Austria. Ntk.: (+43-1) 512 21 45-0, afrc: (+43-1) 512 21 45-9,äk. gjxnf: [email protected]

J LTZNTKMYJCNB


uj, rfrbv jåhfpjv vjéyj jnltkbnm

bcgjkybntkmyst aeyrwbb ujcelfhcn-

df jn ytpfdbcbvsö pflfx cdjåjlysö

CVB. D ghjnbdyjv ckexft jy vju

ås cnfnm htfkmysv dspjdjv lkz

dctq fhöbntrnjybrb CVB yt njkmrj

d Tdhjgtqcrjv cjñpt, yj b gjdcñle

d htubjyt JÅCT.

≤Rjyntqyth rekmnehs≥ cnfyjdbncz

vjåbkmysv

6 bñyz d Nepkt (Åjcybz b Uthwt-

ujdbyf) d ghbcencndbb åjkmijuj xbc-

kf vtéleyfhjlysö b vtcnysö ltz-

ntktq åskj gjkjétyj yfxfkj jce-

otcndktybñ hfphfåjnfyyjuj Ghtl-

cnfdbntktv ljkujchjxyjuj ghjtrnf,

flhtcjdfyyjuj vjkjltéb Ñuj-Djc-

njxyjq Tdhjgs b yjczotuj yfpdfybt

≤D pfobne yfituj åeleotuj: gtht-

ldbéyjq rjyntqyth rekmneh≥. Eét

ctqxfc änjn vjåbkmysq ≤rkeå-åbå-

kbjntrf≥ jåktuxftn ghjdtltybt

dcnhtx vjkjlsö ghtlcnfdbntktq hfp-

kbxysö änybxtcrbö uhegg, yf rjnj-

hsö jyb jåceélfñn djghjcs cdjtuj

jåotuj åeleotuj. ≤Gthtldbéyjq

rjyntqyth rekmneh≥ åeltn gentitcn-

djdfnm gj dctve htubjye yf ghjnz-

étybb cktleñobö ldeö ktn. Tuj ckt-

leñofz jcnfyjdrf – d u. Jcbtr.

Eåbqcndj éehyfkbcnf d Cthåbb

Dscnegfz yf pfctlfybb Gjcnjzy-

yjuj cjdtnf 14 bñyz, Ahfqven Le-

dt gjlyzk djghjc j cjdthityyjv d

ujhjlt Zujlbyf (wtynhfkmyfz Cth-

åbz) eåbqcndt Vbkfyf Gfynbxf,

htgjhnthf cthåcrjq tétlytdyjq uf-

ptns ≤Dtxthybt yjdjcnb≥. D cdjbö

cnfnmzö V. Gfynbx gjlhjåyj gbcfk

j ghtcnegyjcnb b rjhhegwbb. Tuj ub-

åtkm – gthdsq ckexfq ≤wtypehs gj-

chtlcndjv eåbqcndf≥ d Cthåbb gjc-

kt ecnfyjdktybz ltvjrhfnbxtcrjuj

ghfdktybz. A. Ledt ghbpdfk dkfcnb

cnhfys ghtlghbyznm dct ytjåöjlb-

vst vths lkz ytpfvtlkbntkmyjuj

hfccktljdfybz lfyyjuj ghtcnegkt-

ybz b ghbdktxtybz dbyjdysö r cele.

Jpfåjxtyyjcnm d cdzpb c ≤ltkjv

Rbnjdjq≥ cjöhfyztncz

Yf ghjnzétybb bñyz Ghtlcnfdb-

ntkm JÅCT gj djghjcfv cdjåjls

CVB ghjljkéfk cktlbnm pf hfpdb-

nbtv cjåsnbq d ltkt hjccbqcrjq

éehyfkbcnrb Jkmub Rbnjdjq, rjh-

htcgjyltynrb jåkfcnyjq ufptns

≤Åtkujhjlcrfz ghfdlf≥. Gjckt jgeå-

kbrjdfybz hzlf cnfntq jå jibårfö

d jnghfdktybb ghfdjcelbz d Åtkuj-

hjlt (ujhjl, yföjlzobqcz ghbvthyj

d 700 rv jn Vjcrds) b j ytrjnjhsö

cjvybntkmysö ghbdfnbpfwbjyysö

vthjghbznbzö jyf gjldthukfcm rfr

abpbxtcrjq, nfr b vjhfkmyjq nhfd-

kt cj cnjhjys vtcnyjq vbkbwbb b

ghjrehjhf. Yf pfctlfybb Gjcnjzyyj-

uj cjdtnf JÅCT 14 bñyz A. Ledt

ghbdktr dybvfybt xktyjd Cjdtnf r

nzétkjve gjkjétybñ éehyfkbc-

nrb.

Yf pfrjy j hflbj- b ntktdtofybb

d Nehwbb yfkjétyj dtnj

14 bñyz Ghtlcnfdbntkm JÅCT pf-

zdbk, xnj ytrjnjhst gjghfdrb r ys-

ytiytve pfrjye j nehtwrjv rjvb-

ntnt hflbj- b ntktdtofybz dspsdf-

ñn jpfåjxtyyjcnm, gjcrjkmre drkñ-

xfñn hzl yjdsö juhfybxbntkmysö

gjkjétybq. Änb gjghfdrb ght-

lecvfnhbdfñn ddtltybt ljgjkyb-

ntkmysö, jceotcndkztvsö ghbyelb-

ntkmyj inhfaysö cfyrwbq, f nfrét

– dgthdst – rjynhjkz yfl Bynthyt-

njv. 21 bñyz A. Ledt c eljdktndj-

htybtv jnvtnbk, xnj ghtpbltyn cnhf-

ys Ctpth jnrfpfkcz gjlgbcfnm änjn

pfrjy, jlyfrj gjlxthryek vtéleyf-

hjlyst jåzpfntkmcndf Nehwbb jnyj-

cbntkmyj cdjåjls CVB, jcjåtyyj d

cdzpb c gjkjétybtv, rfcfñobvcz

Bynthytnf, rjnjhjt ≤juhfybxbkj ås

cdjåjle dshfétybz vytybq≥.

Ghtcktljdfybt cjnhelybrjd

uhepbycrjuj ND

25 bñyz Ahfqven Ledt gjcnfdbk

gthtl vbybcnhjv byjcnhfyysö ltk

Uhepbb djghjc j cthmtpyjv afrnt

ghtcktljdfybz cjnhelybrjd ghj-

uhfvvs ≤60 vbyen≥ – dtcmvf edf-

éftvjq b gjgekzhyjq ntktdbpbjyyjq

gthtlfxb, gjcdzotyyjq éehyfkbcn-

crbv hfccktljdfybzv, rjnjhfz ds-

gecrfkfcm ytpfdbcbvjq ntktrjvgf-

ybtq ≤Hecnfdb-2≥. Jxtdblyj, ghbxb-

yjq cyznbz ≤60 vbyen≥ c äabhf

(dgthdst pf ldf ujlf ceotcndjdfybz

gthtlfxb) gjckeébk hfccrfp j ytwt-

ktdjv bcgjkmpjdfybb vbybcnthcn-

djv plhfdjjöhfytybz åñlétnysö

chtlcnd, f nfrét ltytu, ghtljcnfd-

ktyysö Dctvbhysv åfyrjv. A. Le-

dt gjlxthryek: ≤Dct ujcelfhcndf

JÅCT, drkñxfz Uhepbñ, ghbpyfñn,

xnj rjhhegwbz – jgfcyjt zdktybt, c

rjnjhsv vjéyj äaatrnbdyj åj-

hjnmcz c gjvjomñ cdjåjlyjq b yt-

pfdbcbvjq ghtccs. Z ghbpsdfñ df-

it ghfdbntkmcndj dyjdm jåtcgtxbnm

åtpjgfcyjcnm cjnhelybrjd ghjuhfv-

vs ≤60 vbyen≥ b lfnm bv djpvjé-

yjcnm ghjljkébnm cdjñ dféyeñ hf-

åjne≥.

oD T C N Y B R


D T C N Y B R

o

Utythfkmyjuj ctrhtnfhz b Ctrhtnfhbfnf JÅCTCtrhtnfhbfn JÅCT yföjlbncz gj flhtce: Kärntner Ring 5–7, A-1010 Vienna, Austria.Ntk.: (+43-1) 514 36-0, afrc: (+43-1) 514 36-96, äk. gjxnf: [email protected]

J LTZNTKMYJCNB

Dbpbn UC d Gjhneufkbñ:

jåceéltys gthdjjxthtlyst

pflfxb åeleotuj Ltqcndeñotuj

ghtlctlfntkz

D yfxfkt bñyz gj ghbukfitybñ

vbybcnthcndf byjcnhfyysö ltk Gjh-

neufkbb Kbccfåjy gjctnbk Utythfkm-

ysq ctrhtnfhm Zy Reåbi. Ghtlctlf-

ntkmcndjdfybt Gjhneufkbb d JÅCT

yfxytncz d zydfht 2002 ujlf. Wtkmñ

dbpbnf åskj jåcelbnm gthdjjxthtl-

yst pflfxb åeleotuj Ghtlctlfntkz,

jåvtyznmcz vytybzvb j ltzntkm-

yjcnb JÅCT b hfåjnt Ctrhtnfhbf-

nf, f nfrét ljujdjhbnmcz j gjhzl-

rt åeleotuj cjnhelybxtcndf b rj-

jhlbyfwbb ltqcndbq vtéle Ghtl-

ctlfntktv b Ctrhtnfhbfnjv, rfr

d Dtyt, nfr b d Kbccfåjyt. Z. Re-

åbif ghbyzk ghtvmth-vbybcnh

cnhfys Fynjybj Uenthhtc; gjvb-

vj änjuj e ytuj cjcnjzkbcm jn-

ltkmyst dcnhtxb c vbybcnhjv byj-

cnhfyysö ltk Éfqvb Ufvjq b

jabwbfkmysvb ghtlcnfdbntkzvb

VBL.

D öjlt dcnhtx jåceélfkbcm, d

xfcnyjcnb, nfrbt frnefkmyst nt-

vs, rfr ytjåöjlbvjcnm åjktt ntc-

yjuj cjnhelybxtcndf b rjjhlbyf-

wbb ltqcndbq c lheubvb vtéleyf-

hjlysvb jhufybpfwbzvb, jcjåty-

yj TC b YFNJ, dféyjcnm njuj, xnj-

ås JÅCT buhfkf pfvtnyeñ hjkm, f

nfrét tt ltzntkmyjcnm d Ñuj-Djc-

njxyjq Tdhjgt, Wtynhfkmyjq Fpbb b

yf Rfdrfpt. Yfxfnst rjynfrns åe-

len ghjljkétys d öjlt dbpbnjd d

Kbccfåjy lheubö jabwbfkmysö kbw

JÅCT.

Dcnhtxb c ujcnzvb Ctrhtnfhbfnf

8 bñyz Utythfkmysq ctrhtnfhm

dcnhtnbkcz c ldevz ghtlcnfdbntkz-

vb dtycrjuj htubjyfkmyjuj åñhj

Vtéleyfhjlyjq jhufybpfwbb gj dj-

ghjcfv vbuhfwbb (VJV) – herjdj-

lbntktv vbccbb b rjjhlbyfnjhjv gj

djghjcfv Wtynhfkmyjq Tdhjgs Bht-

yjq Djzwrjdjq b gjcnjzyysv yfåkñ-

lfntktv, htubjyfkmysv rjjhlbyfnj-

hjv gj ltkfv JÅCT Fyhtfcjv Öfkm-

åföjv. Änjq dcnhtxt ghtlitcndjdf-

kf cjcnjzdifzcz ytlfdyj d Åeöfhtc-

nt ldecnjhjyyzz åtctlf Ltqcndeñ-

otuj ghtlctlfntkz, vbybcnhf byj-

cnhfyysö ltk Hevsybb V. Léjfys

c utythfkmysv lbhtrnjhjv VJV.

Jåceélfkbcm ldt jcyjdyst bltb:

jndtltybt djghjcfv, rfcfñobvcz

vbuhfwbb, åjktt dblyjuj vtcnf d gj-

dtcnrt lyz JÅCT, jcjåtyyj d rjy-

ntrcnt gjlujnjdrb r ghtlcnjzotq d

änjv ujle dcnhtxt Cjdtnf vbybcnhjd

JÅCT d Åeöfhtcnt, f nfrét djghjc

j dshfåjnrt hfvjxyjuj vtvjhfyle-

vf j ljujdjhtyyjcnb (VjL) vtéle

JÅCT b VJV c extnjv njuj, xnj

VJV yfvthtdftncz gjlgbcfnm cgt-

wbfkmysq VjL c ÅLBGX.


ghbyzk pfvtcnbntkz yfxfkmybrf lt-

gfhnfvtynf vtéleyfhjlysö jnyjit-

ybq utyinfåf ahfywepcrjuj vbybc-

nthcndf jåjhjys dbwt-flvbhfkf

Fkäyf Rjkmltab gj tuj ghjcmåt.

F. Rjkmltab cjghjdjélfkb gjcjk

Kflce b cnfhibq djtyysq cjdtn-

ybr ahfywepcrjq ltktufwbb utyt-

hfk Åjnnby.

D öjlt dcnhtxb jåceélfkbcm

dyenhtyybt djghjcs b åeleofz

hjkm Tdhjgtqcrjuj cjñpf, YFNJ

b JÅCT, ntreott hfpdbnbt jgthf-

nbdyjuj gjntywbfkf b djpvjéyjc-

ntq, f nfrét pfckeébdfñott fr-

nbdyjuj gjjohtybz rjyrhtnyjt cj-

nhelybxtcndj nhtö jhufybpfwbq yf

jcyjdt dpfbvyjuj ghbpyfybz hjkb,

gjntywbfkf b vbccbq lheu lheuf.

Chtlb ghjxtuj gjlxthrbdfkfcm gj-

nhtåyjcnm d åjktt ntcyjv cjnhel-

ybxtcndt vtéle JÅCT b TC, jcj-

åtyyj d ltkt ehtuekbhjdfybz rhb-

pbcjd.


dcnhtnbkcz c Utythfkmysv ctrhtnf-

htv Cjdtnf rjkktrnbdyjq åtpjgfc-

yjcnb Dfkthbtv Ybrjkftyrj. Lfy-

ysq Cjdtn zdkztncz dscibv gjkb-

nbxtcrbv jhufyjv ujcelfhcnd –

exfcnybrjd Cjukfitybz j rjkktr-

nbdyjq åtpjgfcyjcnb jn 15 vfz 1992


ujlf. D. Ybrjkftyrj ghjbyajhvbhj-

dfk Utythfkmyjuj ctrhtnfhz j cj-

cnjzditqcz ytlfdyj d Thtdfyt dcnht-

xt yf dscitv ehjdyt ujcelfhcnd –

xktyjd Cjdtnf. Tt exfcnybrb ljuj-

djhbkbcm, d xfcnyjcnb, hfcibhbnm

cdjt cjnhelybxtcndj d ghjnbdjltqcn-

dbb yjdsv euhjpfv b dspjdfv, nf-

rbv, rfr nthhjhbpv, njhujdkz yfh-

rjnbrfvb b jhufybpjdfyyfz ghtcneg-

yjcnm, f nfrét d gjkbnbxtcrjq jå-

kfcnb. Yfhzle c änbv Cjdtn pfbynt-

htcjdfy d åjktt ntcysö rjynfrnfö c

lheubvb vtéleyfhjlysvb jhufybpf-

wbzvb b d yfkfébdfybb åjktt cbc-

ntvfnbxyjuj lbfkjuf c JÅCT. Utyt-

hfkmysq ctrhtnfhm, d cdjñ jxthtlm,

hfccrfpfk j dtleotqcz lbcreccbb yf

ntve j åeleotq hjkb Jhufybpfwbb b

j njv, rfr JÅCT htfubhetn yf yj-

dst dspjds b euhjps åtpjgfcyjcnb.

Jy eckjdbkcz c D. Ybrjkftyrj j

ghjljkétybb rjynfrnjd vtéle lde-

vz jhufybpfwbzvb.


dcnhtnbkcz c vbybcnhjv byjcnhfy-

ysö ltk Idtwbb Fyyjq Kbyl, pfdth-

ifñotq cdjñ ltzntkmyjcnm d rfxt-

cndt Ghtlctlfntkz Tdhjgtqcrjuj cj-

ñpf, rjnjhfz ghbtöfkf d Dtye lkz

njuj, xnjås dscnegbnm yf cgtwbfkm-

yjv pfctlfybb Gjcnjzyyjuj cjdtnf.

Htxm ikf ukfdysv jåhfpjv j ghby-

wbgfö b eckjdbzö dpfbvjltqcndbz

vtéle JÅCT b TC, f nfrét j hzlt

ntvfnbxtcrbö b utjuhfabxtcrbö jå-

kfcntq, ult djpvjéyj hfcibhtybt

cjnhelybxtcndf.

D njn ét ltym Utythfkmysq ctr-

htnfhm dcnhtnbkcz c utythfkmysv

lbhtrnjhjv b herjdjlbntktv ukfd-

yjuj eghfdktybz dytiybö cyjitybq

ctrhtnfhbfnf Tdhjgtqcrjuj cjdtnf

Åhfqtyjv Rhje, yföjlbditvcz d Dt-

yt lkz ghjdtltybz ghtlvtnysö rjy-

cekmnfwbq d Ctrhtnfhbfnt JÅCT.

Å. Rhje cjghjdjélfkb tuj rjkktub,

ghtlcnfdkzñobt, d xfcnyjcnb, jnltk

gjkbnbxtcrjuj gkfybhjdfybz b hfy-

ytuj ghtleghtéltybz, cbnefwbjyysq

wtynh b djtyyjt pdtyj. Lbhtrnjh lt-

gfhnfvtynf kñlcrbö htcehcjd hfc-

crfpfk ltktufwbb ctrhtnfhbfnf Td-

hjgtqcrjuj cjdtnf j öjlt dsgjkyt-

ybz ghjuhfvvs HTFRN, f ghtlcnf-

dbntkb WGR – j cnherneht Ctrhtnf-

hbfnf/WGR b ltzntkmyjcnb JÅCT yf

vtcnfö. Yfhzle c änbv åskb jåceé-

ltys djghjcs cjnhelybxtcndf d by-

cnbnewbjyfkmyjv cnhjbntkmcndt b

jåtcgtxtybb yflktéfotq ghfrnbrb

ujcelfhcndtyyjuj eghfdktybz, f nfr-

ét djpvjéyjcnb ghjdtltybz d åele-

otv htuekzhysö rjycekmnfwbq yf

hfåjxtv ehjdyt, jceotcndktybz cj-

dvtcnysö ghjuhfvv gjlujnjdrb gth-

cjyfkf b rhfnrjchjxysö jåvtyjd cj-

nhelybrfvb.

Dscnegktybz UC yf rjyathtywbzö

gj åjhmåt c nthhjhbpvjv d

Wtynhfkmyjq Fpbb b

ghtljndhfotybñ rjyakbrnjd

d Fahbrt


ghbcencndjdfk yf ghjöjlbditq d

Cnfvåekt Rjyathtywbb gj åjhmåt c

nthhjhbpvjv d Wtynhfkmyjq Fpbb,

jhufybpjdfyyjq fynbnthhjhbcnbxtc-

rbv åñhj ujcelfhcndtyyjuj ltgfh-

nfvtynf CIF. Jy dscnegbk c htxmñ

j ghtbveotcndfö ukjåfkmyjuj cj-

nhelybxtcndf d ghjnbdjltqcndbb nth-

hjhbpve, d rjnjhjq, d xfcnyjcnb, hfc-

crfpfk j dctjåütvkñotv gjlöjlt

JÅCT r ghjåktvfv åtpjgfcyjcnb, j

ghbyznsö d JÅCT gjlöjlfö b jåz-

pfntkmcndfö, bvtñobö jnyjitybt r

ntvt rjyathtywbb, f nfrét j ytjå-

öjlbvjcnb åjhmås c nthhjhbpvjv

ghb gjkyjv edfétybb ghbywbgf dth-

öjdtycndf pfrjyf b ghfd xtkjdtrf.

Gj ghbukfitybñ lfncrjuj vbybc-

nthcndf byjcnhfyysö ltk Utythfkm-

ysq ctrhtnfhm ghbyzk exfcnbt d rjy-

athtywbb yf ntve ≤Ghtljndhfotybt

rjyakbrnjd b vbhjcnhjbntkmcndj d

Fahbrt≥, cjcnjzditqcz 28–29 bñyz

d Vfgene (Vjpfvåbr). Nfv jy ds-

cnegbk d rfxtcndt jlyjuj bp jcyjd-

ysö ljrkflxbrjd c cjjåotybtv,

jpfukfdktyysv ≤Ghtljndhfotybt

rjyakbrnjd: bycnhevtyns JÅCT≥,

ntrcn rjnjhjuj gjvtoty yf dtå-cfq-

nt JÅCT.

Gjtplrf kbxyjuj ghtlcnfdbntkz

LG d Wtynhfkmyeñ Fpbñ

17–28 bñyz gjcjk Dbkmutkmv

Öjqyr, rjnjhjuj Ltqcndeñobq ghtl-

ctlfntkm yfpyfxbk d vft cdjbv kbx-

ysv ghtlcnfdbntktv gj djghjcfv

jrfpfybz gjllthérb wtynhfkmyjfpb-

fncrbv ujcelfhcndfv-exfcnybrfv,

gjctnbk Nehrvtybcnfy, Epåtrbcnfy,

Nflébrbcnfy, Rfpföcnfy b Rshusp-

cnfy. Ukfdyfz wtkm tuj dbpbnf pf-

rkñxfkfcm d bpextybb djpvjéyjc-

ntq lkz jceotcndktybz htubjyfkm-

ysö bybwbfnbd, jcjåtyyj d jåkfcnb

ärjyjvbxtcrjuj b ärjkjubxtcrjuj

bpvthtybq, f nfrét d catht cjnhel-

ybxtcndf d jåkfcnb åtpjgfcyjcnb.

Frnefkmyst d änjv rjyntrcnt dj-

ghjcs åskb jåceéltys bv c jab-

wbfkmysvb kbwfvb ghfdbntkmcnd,

ghtlcnfdbntkzvb lheubö vtéleyf-

hjlysö jhufybpfwbq b cjnhelybrfvb

cjjndtncndeñobö vtcnysö cnherneh

JÅCT. 3 bñkz gjcjk Öjqyr ghjby-

ajhvbhjdfk pfbynthtcjdfyyst ltkt-

ufwbb cnhfy – exfcnybw JÅCT d Dt-

yt jå jcyjdysö bnjufö cdjtq gjtp-

lrb. Gjcjk Öjqyr, rjnjhsq d 1999

ujle dsgjkyzk aeyrwbb kbxyjuj

ghtlcnfdbntkz yjhdtécrjuj Ghtlct-

lfntkz gj ghjåktvfv Wtynhfkmyjq

Fpbb, åsk gthdsv Utythfkmysv ctr-

oD T C N Y B R


htnfhtv JÅCT d gthbjl c 1993 gj

1996 ujl.

Yjdfz cnhfybwf yf dtå-cfqnt

JÅCT: Ajhev gj cjnhelybxtcnde

d jåkfcnb åtpjgfcyjcnb

Jnltk ghtccs b jåotcndtyyjq by-

ajhvfwbb Ctrhtnfhbfnf jnrhsk tot

jlye yjdeñ cnhfybwe yf dtåcfqnt

JÅCT. Jnysyt gjkmpjdfntkb Bynth-

ytnf bvtñn ljcneg r byajhvfwbb j

ltzntkmyjcnb Ajhevf gj cjnhelyb-

xtcnde d jåkfcnb åtpjgfcyjcnb

(ACÅ), jcyjdyjuj jhufyf JÅCT, pf-

ybvfñotujcz djtyysvb fcgtrnfvb

åtpjgfcyjcnb. Exhtéltyysq yf

ötkmcbyrcrjq dcnhtxt yf dscitv

ehjdyt d 1992 ujle, ACÅ ghjdjlbn

pfctlfybz rféleñ ytltkñ; yf ybö

dtlencz gthtujdjhs d wtkzö cjplf-

ybz fnvjcaths jnrhsnjcnb b nhfyc-

gfhtynyjcnb d djtyysö djghjcfö b

hfphfåjnrb vth gj evtymitybñ

jgfcyjcnb djjheétyyjuj rjyakbr-

nf. D gjhzlrt dsgjkytybz ljcnbu-

yensö yf Ajhevt ljujdjhtyyjcntq

ujcelfhcndf – exfcnybrb JÅCT rfé-

lsq ujl jåvtybdfñncz gjlhjåyjq

byajhvfwbtq j cdjbö djjheétyysö

cbkfö b ltzntkmyjcnb d djtyyjq jå-

kfcnb.

Yf cgtwbfkbpbhjdfyyjq cnhfybwt

dtå-cfqnf ntgthm gjvtoftncz cghf-

djxyfz byajhvfwbz j ACÅ b tuj

ltzntkmyjcnb; gjkmpjdfntkb vjuen

jpyfrjvbnmcz c cjukfcjdfyysvb d

öjlt gthtujdjhjd ljrevtynfvb b ht-

itybzvb, f nfrét gjlhjåysvb cdt-

ltybzvb j ghtlcnjzobö vthjghbznb-

zö b ntvfnbxtcrbvb cnfnmzvb, rf-

cfñobvbcz djtyysö fcgtrnjd åtpj-

gfcyjcnb d htubjyt JÅCT. Flhtc

cnhfybws:

www.osce.org/fsc

Dshexrf jn ghjlféb åbktnjd

yf åfk JÅCT bltn yf

åkfujndjhbntkmyst wtkb

Chtlcndf, gjkextyyst jn ghjlf-

éb åbktnjd yf åfk JÅCT d atdhf-

kt c.u. åskb gjéthndjdfys yf gjl-

lthére ltzntkmyjcnb fdcnhbqcrjuj

abkbfkf åkfujndjhbntkmyjq jhufyb-

pfwbb ≤Pfuflfq étkfybt≥. 13 bñyz

lbhtrnjh ltgfhnfvtynf gj djghjcfv

eghfdktybz b abyfycjd Vböfäkm

ajy lth Iektyåehu dhexbk ghtlct-

lfntkñ egjvzyenjq åkfujndjhb-

ntkmyjq jhufybpfwbb Byut Rkflbdt

xtr yf cevve d 9000 tdhj. Gj ckj-

dfv jndtncndtyyjq pf ghjdtltybt

åkfujndjhbntkmysö vthjghbznbq Ht-

yfns Ryjhh, bö jhufybpfwbz ceotcn-

detn lkz njuj, xnjås gjvjufnm lt-

nzv, cnhflfñobv jn cthmtpysö bkb

ytbpktxbvsö pfåjktdfybq, htfkbpj-

dfnm pfdtnyeñ vtxne. ≤Kñåjq, rnj

pyftn nfrbö ltntq, vjétn htrjvty-

ljdfnm bö yfv yf ghtlvtn jrfpfybz

gjvjob. B gjcrjkmre vs cdzpfys c

fyfkjubxysvb åkfujndjhbntkmysvb

jhufybpfwbzvb d 23 lheubö cnhfyfö,

vs nfrét jrfpsdftv gjvjom lhe-

ubv ltnzv, rjnjhst öjnzn, xnjås bö

vtxnf cåskfcm d Fdcnhbb≥.

D ghjikjv ujle änf åkfujndjhb-

ntkmyfz jhufybpfwbz gjvjukf åjktt

xtv 100 ltnzv htfkbpjdfnm cdjb

vtxns. ≤Otlhsq lfh cjnhelybrjd

JÅCT dtcmvf ceotcndtyyj gjvjétn

yfv d ecbkbzö ghtdscbnm äne wbahe

d 2001 ujle≥, – pfzdbkf B. Rkflb-

df. Dct étkfñobt gjkexbnm åjktt

gjlhjåyeñ byajhvfwbñ j ltzntkm-

yjcnb lfyyjq åkfujndjhbntkmyjq jh-

ufybpfwbb vjuen änj cltkfnm, gjct-

nbd tt dtå-cfqn: www.makeawish.at

D T C N Y B R

o

Quiet Diplomacy in Action(≤Nböfz lbgkjvfnbz≥ d ltqcndbb)

Dthöjdysq rjvbccfh JÅCT gj ltkfv yfwbjyfkmysö vtymibycndHtlfrnjh: Ejknth Rtvg, cnfhibq cjdtnybr Dthöjdyjuj rjvbccfhf JÅCT gj ltkfv yfwbjyfkmysö vtymibycnd

“Quiet Diplomacy in Action” – gthdfz dctjåütvkñofz geåkbrfwbz j ltzntkmyjcnbVfrcf dfy lth Cnekf yf gjcne Dthöjdyjuj rjvbccfhf gj ltkfv yfwbjyfkmysövtymibycnd Jhufybpfwbb gj åtpjgfcyjcnb b cjnhelybxtcnde d Tdhjgt (JÅCT). Gjcrjkmre V. dfy lth Cnek ghblthébdfkcz rjyabltywbfkmyjuj cnbkz hfåjns, lj cbö gjh j tuj ltzntkmyjcnb yfgbcfyj åskj jxtym vfkj. Lfyyfz rybuf gjpdjkz-tn xbnfntkñ rfr ås pfukzyenm ≤pf rekbcs≥: d ytq jåüzcyztncz, lkz xtuj åsk cjplfy gjcn Dthöjdyjuj rjvbccfhf, rfrjd tuj vfylfn, d xtv yf ghfrnbrt cjcnjbntuj hfåjnf b rfrjds jcyjdyst ntvs b ghjåktvs, rjnjhsvb tve ghböjlbncz pfybvfnmcz. Yfhzle c änbv “Quiet Diplomacy in Action” gjlhjåyj gjdtcndetn j ltzntkmyjcnb Dthöjdyjuj rjvbccfhf d åjktt xtv 15 cnhfyfö d gthbjl vtéle1993 b 2001 ujljv. D ghbkjétybb ghbdjlzncz jcyjdyst ljrevtyns, rfcfñobtczyfwbjyfkmysö vtymibycnd d rjyntrcnt JÅCT.

Rfr gbitn d ghtlbckjdbb r rybut Vböfäkm Buyfnmtd, ≤j ghtljndhfotybb rjy-akbrnjd ujdjhzn dct. Dthöjdysq ét rjvbccfh JÅCT gj ltkfv yfwbjyfkmysövtymibycnd zdkztncz jlybv bp ntö ytvyjubö dscjrjgjcnfdktyysö ltzntktq, rjnjhst änbv htfkmyj pfybvfñncz≥. Rybuf, yfgbcfyyfz d cjnhelybxtcndt c V. dfy lth Cnekjv, lftn xbnfntkñ eybrfkmyeñ djpvjéyjcnm jpyfrjvbnmcz c hfåjnjq gj ghtljndhfotybñ rjyakbrnjd, ghfdfvb vtymibycnd b nhelyjq pflfxtqecnhfytybz vtéänybxtcrjq yfghzétyyjcnb. Tt cktletn hfccvfnhbdfnm d rfxtcndtjlyjuj bp jcyjdysö bcnjxybrjd byajhvfwbb lkz dctö, rnj bynthtcetncz lfyyjqghjåktvfnbrjq.

Cjlthéfybt

Ghtlbckjdbt Vböfäkz Buyfnmtdf

XFCNM È1. Jåobt cdtltybz b ghtlscnjhbz. 2. Gjlöjl Dthöjdyjuj rjvbccfhf. 3. Ghfrnbxtcrfz ltzntkmyjcnm Dthöjdyjuj rjvbccfhf. 4. Cjnhelybxtcndj b gjllthérf. 5. Jcyjdyst ntvs b ghjåktvs.

XFCNM ÈÈ6. Cbnefwbb: Äcnjybz, Kfndbz, Kbndf, Öjhdfnbz, Fkåfybz, åsdifz ñujckfdcrfzHtcgeåkbrf Vfrtljybz, Cjñpyfz Htcgeåkbrf Ñujckfdbz, Nehwbz, Erhfbyf, Vjkljdf, Hevsybz, Dtyuhbz, Ckjdfrbz, yfhjlyjcnm hjvf, Uhepbz, Rfpföcnfy,Rshuspcnfy, Epåtrbcnfy b Nflébrbcnfy

XFCNM ÈÈÈGhbkjétybz: ljrevtyns JÅCT, rfcfñobtcz yfwbjyfkmysö vtymibycnd

Bplfntkmcndj “Kluwer Law International”, The Hagued étcnrjv gthtgktnt, ISBN: 90-411-1651-6bñym 2001 u., 410 cnh.EUR 45.00 / USD 41.50 /GBP 28.00

Dtcnybr JÅCT dsgecrftncz tét-vtczxyj Ctrhtnfhbfnjv Jhufyb-pfwbb gj åtpjgfcyjcnb b cjnhel-ybxtcnde d Tdhjgt.

Kärntner Ring 5–7A-1010 Vienna, Austria

Ntk.: (+43-1) 514 36-180Afrc: (+43-1) 514 36-105Äk. gjxnf: [email protected]

Htlfrnjh: Rbn LébyrcPfv. htlfrnjhf: Fktrcfylh Ybwit

Ljgjkybntkmyfz byajhvfwbz jåJÅCT bvttncz

yf ctntdjv cfqnt JÅCT:http://www.osce.org

o

Jhufybpfwbz gj åtpjgfcyjcnb b cjnhelybxtcnde d Tdhjgtghtptynfwbz yjdjuj bplfybz tuj ht-xtq gjl yfpdfybtv ≤Vbh b cnfåbkm-yjcnm gentv edfétybz ghfd xtkjdt-rf b ghfd vtymibycnd≥.

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