Advancing International Policy, Programs, and Professional Development related to Electromagnetic Spectrum Operations in all Domains Why EMSO? A Conceptual Framework Jesse “Judge” Bourque Secretary, Association of Old Crows U.S. Senior Defense Analyst OUSD Policy & OSD CIO Director, Expression Networks [email protected]June 2017 Why EMSO? A Conceptual Framework www.crows.org
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Advancing International Policy, Programs, and Professional Development
related to Electromagnetic Spectrum Operations in all Domains
Why EMSO? A Conceptual Framework
Jesse “Judge” BourqueSecretary, Association of Old Crows
A perpetual, reinforcing cycle vs perishable, episodic action
“State-Dependent”
Spectrum Systems
USER
GROUP
BLUEFORCE
EP EAES
SM
REDFORCE
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ELECTRONIC WARFARE (EW) “action involving the
use of EM and directed energy (DE) to control
the EMS or to attack the enemy.”
Electronic Attack (EA) is “the use of EM energy,
directed energy, or anti-radiation weapons to
attack personnel, facilities, or equipment with
the intent of degrading, neutralizing, or destroying
enemy combat capability...”
Electronic Protect (EP) is “actions taken to protect personnel, facilities,
and equipment from any effects of friendly or enemy use of the EMS
that degrade, neutralize, or destroy friendly combat capability.”
Electronic Warfare Support (ES) “actions tasked by, or under direct
control of, an operational commander to search for, intercept, identify,
and locate or localize sources of intentional and unintentional
radiated EM energy for the purpose of immediate threat recognition,
targeting, planning, and conduct of future operations.”
EW? …or “EMS” Warfare?
ELECTRONIC WARFARE (EW) “action involving the
use of EM and directed energy (DE) to control
the EMS or to attack the enemy.”
Electronic Attack (EA) is “the use of EM energy,
directed energy, or anti-radiation weapons to
attack personnel, facilities, or equipment with
the intent of degrading, neutralizing, or destroying
enemy combat capability...”
Electronic Protect (EP) is “actions taken to protect personnel, facilities,
and equipment from any effects of friendly or enemy use of the EMS
that degrade, neutralize, or destroy friendly combat capability.”
Electronic Warfare Support (ES) “actions tasked by, or under direct
control of, an operational commander to search for, intercept, identify,
and locate or localize sources of intentional and unintentional
radiated EM energy for the purpose of immediate threat recognition,
targeting, planning, and conduct of future operations.”
Focused on Energy & Capability vs. Electronics & Information
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Electronic Attack Includes All EMS Attack
Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP)Hi-Power Microwave (HPM) DE
RF Jamming … yup. LASER DE
DISRUPT
DECEIVE
DENY
DESTROY
“the use of EM energy, directed energy, or anti-radiation weapons to attack personnel, facilities, or equipment with the intent of degrading, neutralizing, or destroying enemy combat capability...”
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Part 2
Understanding
the Tricky Bits
crows.org
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(We have met the enemy, and it is us...)
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Cultural Challenge to EMSO
DIS
INTE
GR
ATI
ON
SPEED / CLARITY / EFFICIENCY / EFFECTIVENESS
EMAIL / PHONE COORD
EW CELL OPS
OPPORTUNITY
COST
EMSO CELL OPS
INTEGRATED C2/TOOLS/TASKS
UNITARYSKILLSET ??
CONSOLIDATED GUIDANCE
EMSO
EMSO is a culture shift … blending process stability (SM) & operational initiative (EW)
to create a durable professional cadre optimized for assuring force-wide EMS Control
EW
SM
The good news is that this
only affects our capabilities
that depend on Spectrum…
INTE
GR
ATI
ON
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Competing Service Dynamics(No Single-Service Spectrum Solution)
Solution providers, focused on different missions, with no viable ‘problem owner’
ARMY
Large
Dense
Stationary
~ 10,000
Enterprise
NAVY
Medium
Spread
Mobile
~ 500
Federated
MARINES
Small
Light
Highly Mobile
~ 1,000
Task-Organized
AIR FORCE
Dot
Formation
Mach
~ 50
Remote
SOF
Discreet
Team
Hidden
< 10
Isolated
Footprint
Dynamic
Movement
Apertures
Aggregation
As each of the Services sets out to solve “THE” Spectrum problem, intending to offer their template as the DoD’s best solution, we must remember that they are instinctively solving only for the
portions and attributes of the problem apparent to THEM.
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Competing EMS Paradigms
Fundamental EMS differences in Mindset, Requirement and Acquisition
• Civil-Commercial use of the Spectrum is based on Compliance (!!)
- Confidence - Grouping - Predictability!
- Planning - Sharing Path to Revenue
• Warfare challenges those assumptions, via introduction of CHAOS
- Disorientation - Spreading - UN-predictability
- Escalation - Denial Freedom of Action
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“Net Centric Vulnerability?”(IA Does Not Accomplish EP)
• Adversaries view DoD net-centric trends as low-hanging
fruit, based upon our apparent implementation strategies
• To avoid cost, we field predictable FCC-compliant and
IP-compatible systems, and then expect to be sneaky…
• In our reticence to concentrate on the Spectrum, we’ve
inadvertently bought into a ‘new and exciting’ problem set
• Continued reliance on insufficiently adaptive / survivable
links across the Spectrum will invite ‘cascading failures’
MILITARY NEED BUSINESS MERIT
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EMS Ops & Cyberspace Ops: Getting Along…
• EMSO & CO not ‘Convergence’
– Integration between Code & Energy
– Convergence of EW+SM as EMSO
• Working the EMSO / CO Seam
– Supported Fires “EP IA”
– Combined Fires Joint Targeting
– Integrated Fires “EMCA”…
• “Electromagnetic Cyberspace Attack”
– Delivery of ‘digitally-persistent’ effects from EMS systems into IT systems
• Information Assurance does not accomplish EM Protection
The EMS Domain is a unique and elemental component of the
mutually reinforcing system of Operational Responsibilities
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Fighting Like ‘MICE’Addressing the “Non-Kinetic Effects” Thing
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NON-
KINETIC
KINETIC
Man ON the Loop (REMOTE)
Man IN the Loop (COINCIDENT)
Man OUT of the Loop (AUTONOMOUS)
IDEAS
ENERGY
CODE
MASS
SCALABILITY!
- DECEPTION +
- DISRUPTION +
- PRECISION +
- PERSISTENCE +
- DESTRUCTION+
- LETHALITY +
EA/DE’s scalability, precision and speed will rebaseline Allied opportunity
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The Approaching Tech ParityCOTS Capes are Universal … and the GOTS Lead is Diminishing
???
Era of Clear Superiority Present Day:
Shifting Dynamics
Friendly EMS Capes
Adversary EMS Capes
Capability lines include aggregation of available & fielded
Technology, relative levels of Capacity, and qualified /
dedicated Personnel committed to warfighting effort
PAST PRESENT FUTURE
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I tried to look up “Ninjas” on a
wikipedia search and it replied,
“Ninjas could not be found.”
Well played, Ninjas...
Very well played.
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Part 3
Better Living Through
Disruptive Thinking
crows.org
23(This is where we begin fixing things...)
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A Shift in Perspective…
LOCAL
EMS
EMS
EMS
EMS
EMS
SPACE
AIR
CYBER
SEA
LAND(FRACTURED)
“SUSTAINABLE”
TO DEFEAT ADVERSARIES IN ANY SITUATION, WE MUST REALIGN
OUR INSTITUTIONAL FRAME OF REFERENCE ONTO THE SINGLE PHYSICAL ENTITY
UNIVERSALLY SHARED
“TRADITIONAL”
Unacknowledged
interdependencies,
relationships and
consequences
EMS
SPACE
CYBER
SEALAND
GLOBAL(COHERENT)
AIR
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…Driving a Shift in Approach• EMSO is not just “Ops” … it responds to future needs by
driving an inclusive framework for coherent engagement– Requirements, Coordination, Technology, Acquisition, and Enforcement
– EMSO acknowledges that J3 and J6 are having the same discussion
To win in the future, we must leverage LOGIC vs. waiting for Evidence…
• The most important thing about EMSO is “The SHIFT”– …from reactive fixation with threat to proactive pursuit of opportunity
– …from ad hoc tech-driven capabilities to unified EMS-driven technologies
– …from entropy of self-interest (MoP) to efficiency of shared interest (MoE)
– …from focus on means (electronics) to focus on ends (EMS Control)
– …from “EMS as a utility” to “EMS as a Maneuver Space” (‘Domain’)
• Fortunately, we saw this coming:– 2009 VCJCS-Directed EW Capability Based Assessment