Biopsies: A Patient Safety Perspective Jeffrey D. Lehrman, DPM, FASPS, MAPWCA, CPC APMA Coding Committee Expert Panelist, Codingline APMA MACRA Task Force Fellow, American Academy of Podiatric Practice Management Board of Directors, American Society of Podiatric Surgeons Board of Directors, American Professional Wound Care Association Editorial Advisory Board, WOUNDS Twitter: @DrLehrman
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Jeffrey D. Lehrman, DPM, FASPS, MAPWCA, CPC Lecture.pdfPatient presented to podiatrist day 0 with a lump on top of foot. Podiatrist diagnosed the lump as a ganglion cyst and aspirated
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Biopsies: A Patient Safety Perspective
Jeffrey D. Lehrman, DPM, FASPS, MAPWCA, CPC
APMA Coding Committee
Expert Panelist, Codingline
APMA MACRA Task Force
Fellow, American Academy of Podiatric Practice Management
Board of Directors, American Society of Podiatric Surgeons
Board of Directors, American Professional Wound Care Association
Editorial Advisory Board, WOUNDS
Twitter: @DrLehrman
https://www.defranciscolaw.com/skin-cancer.html
Medical malpractice and
cancer of the skin Review of 96 jury verdicts
54% alleged failure to diagnose
48% alleged biopsies were inappropriately omitted
Am J Surg. 2004 Jun;187(6):688-94.
Squamous Cell Cancer
Skin Punch Biopsy
Obtain a small part of a larger condition
2mm biopsy punch with or without plunger
Dermal and subcutaneous tissue
Punch Biopsy Instruments
Punch Biopsy Technique
Punch CPT 11104 (Punch biopsy of skin, (including simple
closure when performed), single lesion)
CPT 11105
If do multiple punches
CPT 11105 (Punch biopsy of skin, (including simple closure when performed), each separate/additional lesion)
Add-on code
Example
3 Punch Biopsies CPT 11104 CPT 11105 x 2 units
Skin Shave Biopsy
More superficial, may or may not remove entire lesion
Sample dermal and subcutaneous tissue
Shave
Shave Biopsy Instrument
Shave Biopsy Technique
Shave biopsy CPT 11102 (Tangential biopsy of skin, (eg, shave,
scoop, saucerize, curette), single lesion)
CPT 11103
If do multiple shaves
CPT 11103 (Tangential biopsy of skin, (eg, shave, scoop, saucerize, curette), each separate/additional lesion)
Ganglion cyst represents more than 50% of all soft tissue tumors in the foot
Soft tissue sarcoma: More than half are initially misdiagnosed as a ganglion cyst
Death Patient presented to podiatrist day 0 with a lump on top
of foot.
Podiatrist diagnosed the lump as a ganglion cyst and aspirated and injected with steroid
Exactly one year later patient returned and cyst returned and was larger
Surgical excision 2 months later
High-grade myxoid chondrosarcoma for which surgery was futile as the cancer had already metastasized to patient's lungs.
10 months later patient died.
Death, cont… Plaintiff's experts:
Had the cancer been diagnosed at time of original aspiration chances of survival 80% to 90%. However, when the diagnosis was made 14 months later survival chances were zero.
Needle Aspiration Technique
CPT 10021 – Fine needle aspiration; without imaging guidance
CPT 20612 – Aspiration and/or injection of ganglion cyst(s) any location
Fine needle aspiration ”Diagnostic procedure using a thin, hollow needle to
percutaneously obtain a sampling of cells for cytology exam or a sample of tissue for histological examination”.
Fine needle aspiration is a sampling that cannot otherwise be obtained using standard diagnostic techniques.
Fine needle aspiration examples
Masses or nodules of the thyroid
Breast masses
Suspicious kidney growths
Biopsies of the lung.
1,000
Fine Needle Aspiration Old CPT 10021 - Fine needle aspiration without imaging
guidance
CPT 10022 – Fine needle aspiration with imaging guidance
Fine Needle Aspiration New CPT 10021 - Fine needle aspiration biopsy, without
imaging guidance; without imaging guidancefirst lesion
CPT 10022 – Fine needle aspiration with imaging guidance DELETED
CPT 10004 Fine needle aspiration each additional lesion (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure)
Fine Needle Aspiration New CPT 10022 – Fine needle aspiration with imaging
guidance DELETED
Replaced with codes for fine needle aspiration with ultrasound guidance flouroscopic guidance MR guidance CT guidance
Fine Needle Aspiration New CPT 10005 - Fine needle aspiration biopsy, including
ultrasound guidance; first lesion
CPT 10006 - each additional lesion (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure)
Biopsy By Aspiration - Diagnoses
Have Diagnosis
M67.47- Ganglion (cyst), ankle and foot (need laterality)
D21.2- Benign neoplasm of connective and other soft tissue of lower limb, including hip (need laterality)
C49.2- Malignant neoplasm of connective and soft tissue of lower limb, including hip (need laterality)
Don’t want to wait
D49.2 Neoplasm of unspecified behavior of bone, soft tissue, and skin