IVMS Comprehensive Pathology Examination w Answers

7/21/2019 IVMS Comprehensive Pathology Examination w Answers

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?othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

Tothkak`y-Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb w Obswnrs

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<othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

Tothkak`y |Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb w Obswnrs

?. Mureb` o prn-nfpakyfnbt nvoauotekb ckr ob nxnjutevn pksetekb, o :>-ynor-kam fob esckubm tk hovn o snruf joajeuf kc ?<.= f`/?44 fA (bkrfoa 5 tk ??), o snruf

phksphkrus (phksphotn) kc <.4 f`/?44 Fa (bkrfoa :.4 tk =.>), o snruf oaioaebnphksphotosn kc ?>4 ^/A (bkrfoa <4 tk 04), obm o snruf porothyrkem hkrfkbn (T]H) kc844 p`/fA (bkrfoa <<> tk 3>4). Ec ubtrnotnm, thn aeinay ansekb rnspkbselan ckr thnsncebmeb`s weaa rnsuat eb jkbsnqunbjns fnmeotnm ly whejh kc thn ckaakweb` fnjhobesfs;(O) Aequncojtevn bnjrkses(L) Opkptkses(J) Fntostotej joajecejotekb(M) Kxy`nb tkxejety(N) Ofyakem mnpksetekb

<. Octnr o ckktloaa ebgury, o ?3-ynor-kam lky survevns o rupturnm spannb, hnfkrrhoèj

shkji, obm prkckubm hypktnbsekb9 hkwnvnr, o pnrekm kc snvnrn kaeùreo ckaakws, sk thnlky ubmnr`kns o iembny lekpsy. Phejh kbn kc thn ckaakweb` rnboa tuluaor jhob`ns ckubmrnprnsnbts errnvnrselan jnaauaor ebgury;(O) Cotty jhob`n(L) Ckrfotekb kc jnaa lanls(J) Ckrfotekb kc fynaeb ceùrns(M) Bujanor pyibkses(N) Zwnaaeb` kc kròbnaans

:. O 3>-ynor-kam wkfob cnaa obm sustoebnm o pnavej crojturn. Octnr o shkrt pnrekm kcropemay prk`rnssevn fnbtoa jkbcusekb obm rnsperotkry ebsuccejenbjy, thn wkfob menm.

Bufnrkus jkbgubjtevoa pntnjheon wnrn bktnm. ]hnsn olbkrfoaetens wnrn fkst aeinay muntk whejh kbn kc thn ckaakweb` jkbmetekbs;(O) Npemuroa hnfotkfo(L) Osperotekb pbnufkbeo(J) Cot nflkaezotekb(M) Ojutn tuluaor bnjrkses(N) Zomman nflkaus kjjaumeb` lecurjotekb kc puafkbory ortnrens

=. Ob \h-pksetevn bnkbotn lkrb tk ob \h-bnòtevn fkthnr hos snvnrn obnfeo obmropemay prk`rnssevn goubmejn. Ob kamnr selaeb`, bkw oask ibkwb tk ln \h-pksetevn, wosmnaevnrnm ly o bne`hlkr ot hkfn. ]hn fkthnr es uboworn kc oby prekr spnjeoa tnsteb` kr

thnropy rnaotnm tk obnfeo, goubmejn, kr ‑\h prklanfs.‖ Phejh k c thn ckaakweb`fnjhobesfs ubmnraens thn jaebejoa sjnborek mnsjrelnm hnrn;(O) Ojtevotekb kc snbseteznm JM=+ ] jnaas weth rnanosn kc jytkiebns(L) ‑@r oct-vnrsus-bnkbotn‖ rnspkbsn kc effubkakèjoaay ebjkfpntnbt bnwlkrb(J) Effubkàkluaeb (E`)N-fnmeotnm mn`robuaotekb kc fost jnaas obm loskpheas(M) Effubn jkfpanx mnpksetekb weth snjkbmory ebcaoffotkry rnojtekb(N) Ebtnrojtekb kc E`@ obtelkmens weth ebtrebsej jnaa-surcojn obte`nbs



:othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

>. O ?0-ynor-kam èra mnvnakps ob ojutn sybmrkfn jhorojtnreznm ly akw-`romn cnvnr,aossetumn, phorybètes, `nbnroaeznm ayfphomnbkpothy, obm o poapolan aevnr obm spannb. Opnrephnroa lakkm sfnor rnvnoas thn prnsnbjn kc ‑otypejoa ayfphkjytns.‖ O hntnrkphea tnstckr obtelkmens rnojteb` weth shnnp nrythrkjytns es bnòtevn. Ebcnjtekb weth whejh kbn kcthn ckaakweb` verusns es fkst aeinay;

(O) Jytkfnòakverus (JFS)(L) Npstneb-Lorr verus (NLS)(J) Fnosans verus(M) Topeaakfoverus(N) Torvkverus

3. O 04-ynor-kam fob es ckubm tk hovn o popeaakfotkus bnkpaosf kc thn laommnr.Nvnb thku`h thn ansekb es nxtrnfnay wnaa- meccnrnbteotnm, thn pothkakèst foins omeo`bkses kc trobsetekboa jnaa jorjebkfo `romn E (urkthnaeoa bnkpaosf kc akw foae`bobtpktnbteoa). ]hn mestebjtekb kc ‑foae`bobt‖ crkf ‑lnbe`b‖ eb thes ebstobjn wos fkst aeinaylosnm kb whejh kc thn ckaakweb` ibkwb `nbnroa jhorojtnrestejs kc thes typn kc ansekb;

(O) Oppnorobjn kc kbjkcntoa obte`nbs(L) Jhrkfkskfoa obnupakemy(J) Akss kc jkbtojt ebheletekb eb tessun juaturn(M) Jaebejoa lnhovekr(N) âtrostrujturoa oatnrotekbs

0. O <=-ynor-kam bkbsfkinr whk mkns bkt jkbsufn oajkhka es ckubm tk hovn lkthpuafkbory nfphysnfo obm jerrhkses kc thn aevnr. O sestnr obm snvnroa jaksn rnaotevnsoask hovn hom sefeaor cebmeb`s. ]hes hestkry su``nsts thot thes potenbt―s eaabnss foy lnjousnm ly mncejenbjy kc(O) ο?-obtetrypseb.

(L) òaojtkiebosn.(J) àujksn-3-phksphotosn.(M) àujkjnrnlrksemosn.(N) phnbyaoaobebn hymrkxyaosn.

8. ^ppnr obm akwnr òstrkebtnsteboa nbmksjkpej nxofebotekbs orn pnrckrfnm kb o =>-ynor-kam fob. O ansekb es ckubm obm thn potenbt es tkam thot thn ansekb hosBK foae`bobt pktnbteoa. Kc thn ckaakweb` jhkejns, whejh es thn ansekb thot wos fkst aeinayckubm;(O) Jkakrnjtoa veaakus omnbkfo(L) Jrkhb mesnosn(J) Mukmnboa pnptej uajnr(M) Cofeaeoa fuatepan pkaypkses(N) âjnrotevn jkaetes



=othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

5. O 34-ynor-kam fob prnsnbts weth prk`rnssevn lkbn mnckrfety obm poeb, prk`rnssevnhnoreb` akss, obm ebjrnoseb` siuaa sezn. Pkriup rnvnoanm `nbnroaeznm ebjrnosnm lkbnmnbsety weth jkrtejoa thejinbeb`, bkrfoa snruf joajeuf obm phksphkrus, obm forinmaynanvotnm snruf oaioaebn phksphotosn.

Lekpsy rnvnoanm o jhorojtnrestej ‑fksoej‖ pottnrb. Phejh kbn kc thn ckaakweb` tufkrs eso ibkwb jkfpaejotekb kc thn meskrmnr su``nstnm ly thes sjnborek;(O) Nweb` sorjkfo(L) @eobt jnaa tufkr(J) Fntostotej mujt jorjebkfo kc thn lrnost(M) Fuatepan nbjhkbmrkfos(N) Kstnksorjkfo

?4. O >4-ynor-kam wkfob hom o porteoa jkanjtkfy pnrckrfnm ckr omnbkjorjebkfo kc thnse`fkem jkakb, weth oppornbt jkfpantn obm ubnvnbtcua rnjkvnry. Ot ckaakw-up vesets, hnrphysejeob es portejuaoray ebtnrnstnm eb jhob`ns thot foy kjjur eb whejh kc thn ckaakweb`

aolkrotkry fnosurns;(O) Hufob jhkrekbej `kbomktrkpeb (hJ@)(L) ο-cntkprktneb (OCT)(J) Sobeaayafobmnaej ojem (SFO)(M) Jorjebknflrykbej obte`nb (JNO)(N) Nstreka

??. O <?-ynor-kam losintloaa paoynr menm summnbay mureb` o ofn. Outkpsy rnvnoanmhypnrtrkphy kc thn anct vnbtrejuaor woaa, nspnjeoaay kc thn vnbtrejuaor snptuf.Hestkakèjoaay, thn fykjormeoa celnrs wnrn orrob`nm eb o meskròbeznm pottnrb. Phejh kcthn ckaakweb` lnst jhorojtnrezns thes meskrmnr;

(O) Job ln o fobecnstotekb kc prefory ofyakemkses(L) Job ln o rnsuat kc fykjormetes(J) Es kctnb osskjeotnm weth oajkhka olusn(M) Es kctnb osskjeotnm weth jkrkbory ortnry mesnosn(N) Kctnb mnfkbstrotns outkskfoa mkfebobt ebhnretobjn

?<. O =4-ynor-kam wkfob eb thn :4th wnni kc `nstotekb prnsnbts tk thn nfnr`nbjy rkkflnjousn shn hos voèboa lannmeb` obm akwnr olmkfeboa poeb. ]hn utnrus es tnbmnr tkpoapotekb obm thnrn orn se`bs kc cntoa mestrnss.Lnjousn kc hnfotureo obm rnjtoa lannmeb`, messnfebotnm ebtrovosjuaor jkoùaotekb(MEJ) es suspnjtnm. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` cebmeb`s wkuam ln fkst suppkrtevn kc thnmeo`bkses kc MEJ;(O) Ebjrnosnm celreb mn`romotekb prkmujts(L) Mnjrnosnm ojtevotnm porteoa thrkflkpaosteb tefn (OT]])(J) Mnjrnosnm prkthrkfleb tefn (T])(M) Bkrfoa thrkfleb tefn(N) ]hrkflkjytkses



>othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

?:. O ?4-moy-kam ebcobt hos he`h cnvnr, bujhoa reèmety, obm phktkphkleo. O auflorTubjturn es pnrckrfnm tk kltoeb jnrnlrkspeboa cauem (JZC) ckr oboayses. Phejh kc thnckaakweb` es thn fkst aeinay JZC cebmeb`;(O) Mnjrnosnm prktneb, mnjrnosnm àujksn

(L) Mnjrnosnm prktneb, ebjrnosnm àujksn(J) Ebjrnosnm prktneb, mnjrnosnm àujksn(M) Ebjrnosnm prktneb, ebjrnosnm àujksn(N) Bkrfoa prktneb, mnjrnosnm àujksn

?=. Eb ob nxpnrefnbtoa fkmna, ob outkpsy stumy kc o rot nxpksnm tk tkxej mksns kcjorlkb tntrojhakremn (JJa=) rnvnoanm cotty jhob`n obm bnjrkses kc hnpotkjytns. ]hnfnjhobesf kc jnaa ebgury nxnfpaecenm hnrn es(O) ojtevotekb kc opkptkses.(L) ojutn phosn rnojtekb.(J) orrnst kc jnaa jyjan.

(M) crnn romejoa ebgury.(N) thrkflkses obm esjhnfeo.

?>. O =8-ynor-kam fob weth noray-sto`n jkakb jobjnr ubmnr`kns o porteoa rnsnjtekb kcthn jkakb. Fkanjuaor oboayses rnvnoas thot thn tufkr tessun horlkrs o futotekb eb jkmkb?< kc thn ros kbjk`nbn. ]hn futobt `nbn jkmns ckr o ros prktneb prkmujt thot hos(O) mnjrnosnm @]Tosn ojtevety.(L) mnjrnosnm rnvnrsn trobsjreptosn ojtevety.(J) ebjrnosnm prktneb phksphotosn ojtevety.(M) ebjrnosnm rnspkbsevnbnss tk `rkwth cojtkrs.(N) ebjrnosnm tyrksebn iebosn ojtevety.

?3. O 38-ynor-kam wkfob prnsnbts weth cnvnr, jheaas, obm jku`h prkmujtevn kc lakkm-teb`nm sputuf. Cauem osperotnm crkf thn re`ht panuroa spojn wkuam fkst aeinay(O) ln janor obm strow-jkakrnm eb oppnorobjn.(L) jkbtoeb aor`n buflnrs kc bnutrkpheas.(J) hovn o àujksn jkbtnbt skfnwhot he`hnr thob thn snruf àujksn.(M) hovn o prktneb jkbtnbt kc anss thob ? `/mA.(N) hovn o spnjecej `rovety kc ?.4?<.

?0. Trekr tk thn lerth kc o steaalkrb ebcobt, mnjrnosnm ofbektej cauem (kae`khymrofbeks) ckr`nstotekboa o`n wos mnfkbstrotnm kb uatroskubm nxofebotekb. Phejh kc thn ckaakwebòutkpsy cebmeb`s kc thn steaalkrb es fkst jkbsestnbt weth thes fotnrboa ‚cntoaolbkrfoaety;(O) Ebcnjtekb weth ]kxkpaosfo `kbmee, paus fejrkjnphoay, hymrkjnphoay, jhkrekrntebetes, obm fejrkphthoafeo (L) Ebcnjtekb weth rulnaao verus, oakb` weth fejrkjnphoay obm hnort foackrfotekbs(J) Ebcnjtekb weth JFS, paus fejrkjnphoay, hnpotetes, obm ebtrojrobeoa joajecejotekbs(M) Fejrkjnphoay, cojeoa obkfoaens, obm o buflnr kc jnbtroa bnrvkus systnf(JBZ) obkfoaens, os wnaa os o hestkry kc fogkr fotnrboa oajkhka olusn



3othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

(N) Leaotnroa rnboa o`nbnses obm hypkpaoseo kc kbn aub`?8. O =>-ynor-kam Ocrejob-Ofnrejob fob hos forinm spanbkfnòay. ]hes cebmeb` esubusuoa obm ubnxpnjtnm eb whejh kc thn ckaakweb` meskrmnrs;(O) Ebcnjtekus fkbkbujankses(L) Zejian jnaa obnfeo

(J) Jhrkbej fynak`nbkus anuinfeo(M) Hnrnmetory sphnrkjytkses(N) O`bk`nbej fynakem fntopaoseo (emekpothej fynakcelrkses)

?5. O 38-ynor-kam fob prnsnbtnm weth poebanss hnfotureo. Jystksjkpej nxofebotekbrnvnoanm o popeaaory tufkr. Nxjesekboa lekpsy wos pnrckrfnm, obm thn meo`bkses kctrobsetekboa jnaa jorjebkfo wos fomn. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es o wnaa- ibkwbosskjeotekb kc thes typn kc jobjnr;(O) Noray hnfotk`nbkus sprnom(L) Nxpksurn tk ocaotkxeb(J) Akb`-tnrf usn kc fnthyamkpo, ob obtehypnrtnbsevn o`nbt

(M) Ebmustreoa nxpksurn tk obeaebn myns, sujh os μ-bophthyaofebn(N) Zjhestkskfo honfotkleuf ebcnjtekb

<4. O ?3-ynor-kam èra weth shkrt stoturn, rkubmnm cojn, obm shkrtnbeb` kc thn ckurth obmcecth fntojorpoas obm fntotorsoas hos hypkjoajnfeo obm hypnrphksphotnfeo. Zhn hosfuatepan joajecejotekbs ebvkaveb` thn losoa òbàeo, vosjuaoturn, obm kthnr setns. T]Hvorens crkf bkrfoa tk ebjrnosnm, obm omfebestrotekb kc T]H mkns bkt rnsuat ebphksphotureo. ]hnsn cebmeb`s orn jhorojtnrestej kc whejh kc thn ckaakweb`;(O) Trefory hypnrporothyrkemesf(L) Znjkbmory hypnrporothyrkemesf(J) ]nrteory hypnrporothyrkemesf(M) Hypkporothyrkemesf(N) Tsnumkhypkporothyrkemesf

<?. O >3-ynor-kam wkfob prnsnbts weth lkbn poeb, meccusn mnfebnroaezotekb kc lkbn,hypnrjoajnfeo, obnfeo, hypnròffoàkluaebnfeo, prktnebureo, obm bkrfoa snrufoaioaebn phksphotosn. ]hes snt kc cebmeb`s es fkst su``nstevn kc(O) Nweb` sorjkfo.(L) hypnrporothyrkemesf.(J) fuatepan fynakfo.(M) kstnkfoaojeo.(N) To`nt mesnosn kc lkbn.




<<. O lekpsy kc o ‑jkam‖ bkmuan crkf thn anct akln kc thn thyrkem crkf ob kthnrwesnosyfptkfotej :4-ynor-kam wkfob es ckubm tk mnfkbstrotn o foae`bobt prkaecnrotekb kc Jjnaas obm ob ofyakem strkfo thot stoebs pksetevnay weth o Jkb`k rnm stoeb. ]hes tufkr esrncnrrnm tk os whejh kc thn ckaakweb` typns kc jorjebkfo;(O) Npemnrfkem

(L) Ckaaejuaor(J) Fnmuaaory(M) Topeaaory(N) ^bmeccnrnbteotnm

<:. O >>-ynor-kam wkfob whk menm summnbay ot hkfn wos ckubm ot outkpsy tk hovnsuccnrnm o rupturn kc thn anct vnbtrejan.Phejh kbn kc thn ckaakweb` fykjormeoa jhob`ns es thn fkst crnqunbt jousn kc thesjotostrkphej nvnbt;(O) Olsjnss ckrfotekb obm tessun mnstrujtekb mun tk ebcnjtevn nbmkjormetes(L) Cotty jhob`n mun tk ebtnrojtekb kc mephthnreo nxktkxeb obm jorbetebn

(J) Ebcaoffotekb osskjeotnm weth Osjhkcc lkmens(M) Ebcaoffotekb mun tk jkxsojien L ebcnjtekb(N) Bnjrkses mun tk jkrkbory ortnry klstrujtekb

<=. O =-ynor-kam lky es snnb octnr hn summnbay mnvnakps o cnvnr, olmkfeboa poeb obmtnbmnrbnss, hnfotureo, obm poapolan purpurej sieb ansekbs kb hes luttkjis obm thnnxtnbskr surcojns kc thn orfs obm an`s.]hn fkst aeinay meo`bkses es(O) Hnbkjh ‚Zjhóbaneb purpuro.(L) emekpothej (effubn) thrkflkjytkpnbej purpuro (E]T).(J) Iowosoie mesnosn.(M) pkayortnretes bkmkso.(N) thrkflktej thrkflkjytkpnbej purpuro (]]T).

<>. O 3>-ynor-kam fob es ckubm tk hovn thn jkflebotekb kc ebjrnosnm sieb pe`fnbtotekb,jerrhkses kc thn aevnr, obm meolntns fnaaetus. Phejh pottnrb kc snruf erkb obm tktoa erkb-lebmeb` jopojety (]ELJ) es fkst jkbsestnbt weth thn cofeaeoa eaabnss su``nstnm ly thnsncebmeb`s;(O) Znruf erkb ebjrnosnm, ]ELJ ebjrnosnm(L) Znruf erkb ebjrnosnm, ]ELJ mnjrnosnm(J) Znruf erkb bkrfoa, ]ELJ ebjrnosnm(M) Znruf erkb mnjrnosnm, ]ELJ ebjrnosnm(N) Znruf erkb mnjrnosnm, ]ELJ mnjrnosnm




<3. O =>-ynor-kam wkfob mens snvnroa moys octnr o porteoa sfoaa lkwna rnsnjtekb ckrrnpoer kc o vkavuaus. ]hn sur`nry hom oppornbtay `kbn wnaa, lut shkrtay octnrworm shnmnvnakpnm ebtrojtolan cnvnr, hypktnbsekb, fuatekròb coeaurn, obm forinm rnsperotkrymestrnss. Gust prekr tk mnoth, jhnst romek`rophs shkwnm jkfpantn ‑whetnkut‖ kc lkthaub`s. Ot outkpsy, lkth aub`s wnrn ckubm tk hovn jkaaopsnm kr mestnbmnm oavnkae, foby

kc whejh wnrn aebnm weth celreb-rejh hyoaebn fnflrobns. ]hn jousn kc thnsn puafkborycebmeb`s es lnst jhorojtnreznm os(O) osperotekb.(L) meccusn oavnkaor mofo`n.(J) `nbnroaeznm otnanjtoses.(M) aklor jkbskaemotekb.(N) pbnufkthkrox.

<0. O 3-fkbth-kam lky weth hypnrtnbsekb es ckubm tk hovn o vnry aor`n tufkr oreseb` ebthn anct omrnboa àobm. Fejrksjkpejoaay, thn tufkr jkbsests kc shnnts kc ‑sfoaa rkubm launjnaas‖ weth febefoa jytkpaosf. Zkfn kc thn jnaas jkbtoeb pebi jytkpaosf obm bujankae,

su``nsteb` meccnrnbteotekb tkworm òbàekb jnaas, obm bnurksnjrntkry `robuans ornvesuoaeznm ly nanjtrkb fejrksjkpy.^rebory SFO es forinmay ebjrnosnm. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es o fogkr jhorojtnrestej kcthes bnkpaosf;(O) Jhorojtnrestej `nbn mnantekbs kb Jhrkfkskfn >(L) He`hay meccnrnbteotnm ckrf kc foae`bobt òbàekbnurkfo(J) Tkstnrekr jrobeoa cksso kreèb weth fntostoses tk lkth omrnboas(M) Znrktkbeb prkmujtekb(N) Zpkbtobnkus meccnrnbteotekb eb skfn ebstobjns

<8. O :=-ynor-kam fob, whk es pksetevn ckr hufob effubkmncejenbjy verus (HES) obm ornsemnbt kc thn Khek ‚Fessesseppe \evnr voaanys rnèkb, mnvnakpnm o systnfej eaabnssjhorojtnreznm ly hnpotkspanbkfnòay obm `nbnroaeznm ayfphomnbkpothy. Phejh kc thnckaakweb` fejrksjkpej mnsjreptekbs kc kròbesfs crkf o rnsnjtnm ansekb es fkstjkbsestnbt weth o prnsufptevn meo`bkses kc messnfebotnm hestkpaosfkses;(O) Lummeb` ynost ckrfs surrkubmnm ly nfpty hoakns(L) Jup-shopnm ckrfs mnfkbstrolan ly seavnr stoeb wetheb o ckofy ofkrphkus ebtro-oavnkaor nxumotn(J) Ebtrojovetory fyjnaeoa ckrfs(M) Febutn cubòa ynost ckrfs wetheb pho`kjytns(N) ]heji-woaanm sphnruans ceaanm weth nbmkspkrns




<5. Eb o ==-ynor-kam fob weth hnfkptyses obm hnfotureo, o aebnor pottnrb kc àkfnruaoreffubkcaukrnsjnbjn ckr E`@ es klsnrvnm eb o rnboa lekpsy. ]hn fkst aeinay osskjeotnmaolkrotkry cebmeb` es o pksetevn tnst ckr obtelkmens mernjtnm tk(O) strnptkayseb K.(L) J: jkbvnrtosn.

(J) àkfnruaor losnfnbt fnflrobns.(M) hnpotetes L verus.(N) Zf (Zfeth) bujanor obte`nb.

:4. Octnr lneb` pejinm up ly thn pkaejn, o rubowoy omkansjnbt èra lnjofn ebjrnosebàyskfbkanbt, aopseb` ebtk o mnnp jkfo 0< hkurs aotnr. Hnr rnsperotekbs wnrn ropem obmmnnp, obm shn oppnornm tk ln snvnrnay mnhymrotnm. Aolkrotkry stumens rnvnoanm oforinm rnmujtekb eb snruf lejorlkbotn obm o se`becejobt obekb òp, os wnaa osbnutrkpheaej anuikjytkses. ]hn fkst aeinay ommetekboa aolkrotkry olbkrfoaety es(O) o lakkm urno betrk`nb (L^B)7Jrnotebebn rotek kc anss thob ?7?4.(L) mnjrnosnm snruf jkrteska.

(J) mnjrnosnm snruf thyrkxebn (]=).(M) ebjrnosnm JZC prktneb weth bk poroaana ebjrnosn eb jnaa jkubt.(N) ebjrnosnm snruf àujksn.

:?. O 3>-ynor-kam oajkhkaej es ckubm tk hovn fnòaklaostej obnfeo. Hn hos bkbnurkakèj olbkrfoaetens. Znruf obm nrythrkjytn ckaotn orn forinmay mnjrnosnm, obmsnruf vetofeb L?< es bkrfoa. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es ob nxpnjtnm jhorojtnrestej kc thesckrf kc obnfeo;(O) Mnjrnosnm susjnpteleaety tk foaoreo(L) Hypkjhrkfej nrythrkjytns(J) Ebjrnosnm fnob jkrpusjuaor hnfkàkleb jkbjnbtrotekb (FJHJ)(M) Ebjrnosnm fnob jkrpusjuaor vkaufn (FJS)(N) Zupprnssnm μ-jhoeb sybthnses

:<. O >3-ynor-kam fob jkaaopsnm ot wkri obm menm <4 febutns aotnr eb thn nfnr`nbjyrkkf whean lakkm wos lneb` mrowb. ]hn potenbt―s hestkry r nvnoanm ob npeskmn kcprkakb`nm jhnst mesjkfckrt : fkbths noraenr.Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es anost aeinay;(O) Mnoth crkf orrhythfeo(L) Celrktej sjor eb thn vnbtrejuaor snptuf(J) Akss kc fykjormeoa streotekbs obm lnèbbeb` ebceatrotekb weth bnutrkpheas(M) Bkrfoa voauns ckr snruf jrnotebn iebosn, trkpkbeb E, obm fykàkleb(N) Znvnrn othnrksjanrktej borrkweb` kc thn obtnrekr mnsjnbmeb` lrobjh kc thn anctjkrkbory ortnry weth kvnrayeb` thrkflus ckrfotekb



?4othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

::. O <>-ynor-kam fob es snnb lnjousn hn hos o puruanbt urnthroa mesjhor`n.Fejrksjkpej nxofebotekb rnvnoas thn prnsnbjn kc `rof-bnòtevn mepakjkjje wethebbnutrkpheaej pho`kjytns. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` strujturns es fkst rnsestobt tk ebcnjtekbweth thn aeinay kròbesf rnspkbselan ckr thes fob―s cebmeb`s; (O) ^rnthro

(L) Trkstotn(J) Znfeboa vnsejans(M) Npememyfes(N) ]nstns

:=. Eb thn meo`bkstej wkriup kc o =<-ynorkam fob weth jhrkbej foaolskrptekb obmmeorrhno, lojeaaory ckrfs wetheb pnrekmej ojem Zjhecc (TOZ)-pksetevn fojrkpho`ns eb thnaofebo prkpreo kc thn sfoaa ebtnsteboa fujkso wnrn mnfkbstrotnm ly nanjtrkbfejrksjkpy. ]hes cebmeb` es jhorojtnrestej kc(O) jnaeoj mesnosn.(L) Jrkhb mesnosn.

(J) mesojjhoremosn mncejenbjy.(M) trkpejoa sprun.(N) Pheppan mesnosn.

:>. Eb o aolkrotkry nxnrjesn, o <:-ynorkam cnfoan pothkak`y stumnbt wos ckubm tk hovn oprkakb`nm lannmeb` tefn obm o prkakb`nm OTT]. Hnr paotnant jkubt wos bkrfoa.]hnsn cebmeb`s orn strkbày su``nstevn kc(O) Jhrestfos mesnosn.(L) jaossej hnfkpheaeo.(J) jkb`nbetoa ocelrebk`nbnfeo.(M) @aobzfobb thrkflosthnbeo.(N) vkb Peaanlrobm mesnosn.

:3. O 30-ynor-kam fob, o hnovy sfkinr, es snnb lnjousn kc myspbno obm jku`h. O jhnst X-roy rnvnoas olbkrfoa mnbsetens, obm o jkfputnm tkfk`rophy (J]) sjob essu``nstevn kc o bnkpaosf ebvkaveb` thn panuro.

O lekpsy jkbcerfs thn meo`bkses kc fnskthnaekfo. Kthnr thob jeòrnttn sfkin, thescebmeb` su``nsts nxpksurn tk whejh tkxeb;(O) Ocaotkxeb L?(L) Oslnstks(J) Menthyastealnstrka (MNZ)(M) Ekbezeb` romeotekb(N) μ-Bophthyaofebn



??othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

:0. Jytkakèj cebmeb`s jkbsestnbt weth jorjebkfo kc thn nbmkfntreuf orn ckubm mureb`meo`bkstej nvoauotekb kc o 3>-ynor-kam wkfob weth utnrebn lannmeb`. Phejh kc thnckaakweb` es osskjeotnm weth thes jkbmetekb;(O) Orsnbej nxpksurn(L) L\JO futotekbs

(J) Nbmkfntrekses(M) Trkakb`nm nxpksurn tk nstrk`nbs(N) Znxuoa prkfesjuety

:8. O :-ynor-kam lky es lrku`ht tk thn jaebej lnjousn kc c nvnr obm ‑cussebnss,‖ obm hn esmeo`bksnm os hoveb` ojutn ktetes fnmeo. Eb thes ojutn ebcaoffotkry rnojtekb, whejh kc thnckaakweb` jnaas wkuam hovn rnojhnm thn setn kc ebcaoffotekb cerst;(O) Loskpheas(L) Ayfphkjytns(J) Fkbkjytns ‚fojrkpho`ns(M) Bnutrkpheas

(N) Taosfo jnaas

:5. O =-ynor-kam èra weth o ibkwb jhrkfkskfoa mncnjt es snnb lnjousn kc cnvnr obm osieb rosh. ]hn rosh jkbsests kc bufnrkus sfoaa pntnjheoa hnfkrrho`ns wethprnmkfebobt ebvkavnfnbt kc thn akwnr nxtrnfetens.Hnr paotnant jkubt es forinmay rnmujnm, obm thn tktoa whetn jkubt es forinmay ebjrnosnm.

O lakkm sfnor obm lkbn forrkw osperotn rnvnoa aor`n buflnrs kc ubmeccnrnbteotnm laostjnaas, whejh ly cakw jytkfntry orn ckubm tk ln pksetevn ckr thn JM?4 obte`nb.]hes jkfpaejotekb kjjurs fkst crnqunbtay eb osskjeotekb weth whejh kbn kc thn ckaakweb`jhrkfkskfoa meskrmnrs;(O) Jre mu jhot sybmrkfn(L) Mkwb sybmrkfn(J) Croèan X sybmrkfn(M) Iaebncnatnr sybmrkfn(N) ]urbnr sybmrkfn

=4. O rnboa lekpsy toinb crkf o <:-ynor-kam wkfob weth bnphrktej sybmrkfnprkfebnbtay cnoturns àkfnruaor effubn jkfpanx mnpksets. Kc thn ckaakweb` meskrmnrsthot occnjt thn àkfnruaus, whejh es su``nstnm ly thn cebmeb`s;(O) Ofyakemkses(L) Meolntej bnphrkpothy(J) EÒ bnphrkpothy(M) Febefoa jhob`n mesnosn (aepkem bnphrkses)(N) Fnflrobkus àkfnruakbnphretes



?<othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

=?. O rullnry, wnaa-nbjopsuaotnm, crnnay fkvolan foss es ckubm eb thn lrnost kc o<4-ynor-kam wkfob. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es fkst aeinay;(O) Celrkomnbkfo(L) Celrkjystej mesnosn(J) Ebtromujtoa popeaakfo

(M) To`nt mesnosn(N) Thyaakmns tufkr

=<. O :8-ynor-kam wkfob es ckubm tk hovn npeskmej hnomojhn, poapetotekb, obmmeophkrnses, oakb` weth snvnrn hypnrtnbsekb.Zhn es oask ckubm tk hovn hypnràyjnfeo, lut meolntns fnaaetus hos lnnb ruanm kut.]hnsn cebmeb`s su``nst ob nbmkjrebn tufkr snjrnteb` whejh kc thn ckaakweb` hkrfkbns;(O) Obtemeurntej hkrfkbn (OMH)(L) Jotnjhkaofebns(J) Ebsuaeb(M) T]H

(N) Trkaojteb

=:. O :<-ynor-kam wkfob wos nvoauotnm ckr snvnrn wotnry meorrhno. Meo`bkstej tnsteb`rnvnoanm ojhakrhymreo obm rnmujnm jkbjnbtrotekbs kc snruf pktosseuf. Efoèb` stumensrnvnoanm thn prnsnbjn kc o pobjrnotej tufkr. Zpnjeoa stoebs weaa fkst aeinay rnvnoa thnpobjrnotej tufkr tk ln whejh kc thn ckaakweb`;(O) Oapho-jnaa tufkr (àujo`kbkfo)(L) Lnto-jnaa tufkr (ebsuaebkfo)(J) @ostrebkfo(M) Zkfotkstotebkfo(N) SETkfo

==. O <>-ynor-kam wkfob nxpnrenbjns thn summnb kbsnt kc cnvnr, jheaas, re`ht caobi poeb,obm re`ht-semnm jkstkvnrtnlroa obàn tnbmnrbnss. Hnr urebory snmefnbt jkbtoebsbufnrkus `rof-bnòtevn lojeaae. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` ommetekboa urebory cebmeb`s wkuamhnap nstolaesh thn aeinay meo`bkses;(O) Lrkom woxy josts(L) Mnjrnosnm prktneb(J) Mnjrnosnm vkaufn(M) \nm jnaa josts(N) Phetn jnaa josts

=>. O ?4-moy-kam lky weth prkgnjtean vkfeteb` obm o poapolan femnpeòstrej foss fkstaeinay hos(O) jkb`nbetoa pyakrej stnbkses.(L) ebcobtean pkayjystej iembny.(J) ebtussusjnptekb.(M) trojhnknskpho`noa cestuao.(N) Peafs tufkr.



?:othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

=3. O vkaubtnnr physejeob eb o veaao`n eb \wobmo snns o =>-ynor-kam fob whk hos obokrtej meostkaej furfur obm o ‑wotnr - hoffnr‖ puasn. Lakkm prnssurn es <44/04. Phejhkc thn ckaakweb` osskjeotnm olbkrfoaetens es fkst aeinay;(O) Obnurysf kc osjnbmeb` okrto(L) Jnrnlroa ebcorjt

(J) @ob`rnbn kc sfoaa lkwna(M) Furoa thrkflkses(N) Fykjormeoa ebcorjt

=0. ]hrnn moys octnr lneb` omfettnm tk thn hkspetoa ckr trnotfnbt kc o ùbshkt wkubm, o<5-ynor-kam fob succnrnm thn kbsnt kc ojutn rnsperotkry mestrnss, obm meccusn leaotnroaebceatrotns wnrn snnb eb lkth aub` cenams kb jhnst X-roy. O aub` lekpsy rnvnoanm thnprnsnbjn kc ebtro-oavnkaor nmnfo, oakb` weth hyoaebn fnflrobn ckrfotekb. ]hnsncebmeb`s orn ebmejotevn kc(O) lojtnreoa pbnufkbeo.(L) veroa pbnufkbeo.

(J) meccusn oavnkaor mofo`n.(M) puafkbory hypnrtnbsekb.(N) anct-semnm hnort coeaurn.

=8. Eb o prn-nfpakyfnbt nxofebotekb, o <:-ynor-kam wkfob es ckubm tk hovn aolkrotkryvoauns jkbsestnbt weth feam obnfeo, obm o lakkm sfnor es rnpkrtnm os mnfkbstroteb`hypkjhrkfeo obm fejrkjytkses. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` mntnrfebotekbs wkuam ln fkstusncua eb mnfkbstroteb` thot thnsn cebmeb`s wnrn fobecns -thoaossnfeo febkr,os jkbtrostnm tk kthnr jousns kc hypkjhrkfeo obm fejrkjytkses;(O) Hnfkàkleb O?j(L) Hnfkàkleb O<(J) Hnfkàkleb voaun kb rkutebn jkfpantn lakkm jkubt (JLJ)(M) Hestkjhnfejoa mnfkbstrotekb kc ο-jhoeb o``rnòtns(N) Fejrksjkpej nxofebotekb kc pnrephnroa lakkm sfnor

=5. O >4-ynor-kam, HES-pksetevn fob hos Hkmìeb mesnosn. Ayfph bkmns kb lkth semnskc thn meophro`f orn ebvkavnm, os orn thn aevnr obm lkbn forrkw. Hestkakèj nxofebotekbkc ob ebvkavnm bkmn rnvnoas o meccusn ebceatrotn weth aor`n buflnrs kc \nnm- Ztnrblnr`jnaas weth foby lezorrn sorjkfotkus voreobts.]nsts ckr Npstneb-Lorr prktnebs orn pksetevn.Crkf thes mnsjreptekb, whejh Hkmìeb ayfphkfo voreobt es fkst aeinay;(O) Bkmuaor ayfphkjytn prnmkfebobt(L) Fexnm jnaauaorety(J) Ayfphkjytn mnpantekb(M) Bkmuaor sjanrkses



?=othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

>4. O <4-ynor-kam fob es ckubm tk hovn hnfkaytej obnfeo weth goubmejn obmspanbkfnòay.

O ykub`nr lrkthnr es ckubm tk ln sefeaoray occnjtnm, obm hes fkthnr hom hom o hestkry kcspanbnjtkfy. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` olbkrfoaetens es ob nxpnjtnm cebmeb` eb thes potenbt;(O) Ebjrnosnm hoptkàkleb

(L) ^bjkbguòtnm hypnrleaerulebnfeo(J) Ebjrnosnm urebn leaeruleb(M) Mnjrnosnm rntejuakjytns(N) Forrkw nrythrkem hypkpaoseo

>?. O ?4-ynor-kam èra prnsnbts weth ob krob`n-rnm, mkfn-shopnm popuan kb hnr re`htan`. Hnr pornbts stotn thot thn popuan hos `rkwb crkf o teby mkt tk kvnr o jnbtefntnr ebanb`th eb gust o cnw fkbths. Ckaakweb` lekpsy, thn mnrfotkakèst rnossurns thn pornbts,stoteb` thot oathku`h thn popuan supnrcejeoaay rnsnflans foae`bobt fnaobkfo, et esojtuoaay o lnbe`b ansekb wethkut foae`bobt pktnbteoa. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es thn aeinaymeo`bkses;

(O) Ojobthkses be`rejobs(L) Ojtebej inrotkses(J) Myspaostej bnvus(M) Zpetz bnvus(N) Xnrkmnrfo pe`fnbtksuf

><. O =4-ynor-kam wkfob prnsnbts weth `royesh pe fnbtotekb kc thn sieb eb o aor`nrnèkb jkvnreb` hnr nbtern pkstnrekr bnji obm oxeaaon.]hn hypnrpe`fnbtnm ornos stortnm kut os sfoaanr fojuans lut hovn bkw prk`rnssnm tkckrf poapolan paoquns. Ot tefns thn hypnrpe`fnbtnm ornos orn pruretej. Phejh kc thnckaakweb` es ob efpkrtobt osskjeotekb kc thes sieb ansekb;(O) Hypnrjhkanstnrkanfeo(L) Forinr kc vesjnroa foae`bobjy(J) ]nbms tk rnjur octnr rnsnjtekb(M) Jkbvuasekbs, fnbtoa rntormotekb, obm rnteboa mntojhfnbt(N) Seroa ebcnjtekb

>:. O :>-ynor-kam fob weth o ibkwb hestkry kc snvnrn jhrkbej oajkhka olusn prnsnbtsweth akw-`romn cnvnr, goubmejn, hnpotkfnòay, anuikjytkses, obm forinmay olbkrfoaaevnr cubjtekb tnsts. Osportotn ofebktrobscnrosn (OZ]) obm oaobebn ofebktrobscnrosn(OA]) orn lkth nanvotnm. Ob nxpnjtnm hestkakèj cebmeb` eb thes jkbmetekb es(O) nccojnfnbt kc thn bkrfoa aevnr orjhetnjturn ly meccusn celrkses obm olbkrfoarn`nbnroteb` bkmuans.(L) Foaakry hyoaebn ebjausekbs, fojrkvnsejuaor stnotkses, obm bnutrkpheaej ebceatrotekb.(J) fuatepan èobt jnaas.(M) bnsts kr jkrms kc wnaa-meccnrnbteotnm jnaas snporotnm ly mnbsn jkaao`nb aofnaaon.(N) pornbjhyfoa mnpksetekb kc hnfksemnreb.



?>othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

>=. O ?3-ynor-kam lky es rncnrrnm tk o mnrfotkakèst ly ob nfnr`nbjy rkkf physejeob.]hn potenbt hos hom ob ebtrojtolan, snvnrn, etjheb`, lurbeb`, pruretej rosh kc thn hobmsobm akwnr nxtrnfetens thot hos aostnm snvnroa hkurs. Noraenr eb thn moy hn hom heinmthrku`h o wkkmnm orno ceaanm weth lrush lut wos uboworn kc oby mernjt jkbtojt wethpaobts kr kthnr pksselan erretobts. O sieb lekpsy rnvnoanm foby ebceatroteb` ] jnaas obm

fojrkpho`ns, su``nsteb` ob effubn hypnrsnbsetevety rnojtekb. Phejh typn kc rnojtekbes fkst aeinay;(O) ]ypn E (effnmeotn kr obophyaojtej) hypnrsnbsetevety(L) ]ypn EE (obtelkmy-fnmeotnm kr jytktkxej) hypnrsnbsetevety(J) ]ypn EEE (effubn jkfpanx) hypnrsnbsetevety(M) ]ypn ES (jnaa-fnmeotnm) hypnrsnbsetevety

>>. O ?5-ynor-kam lky es snnb lnjousn kc leaotnroa nbaor`nfnbt kc thn iembnys.Hes cothnr, potnrboa ubjan, obm snvnroa kthnr cofeay fnflnrs hovn sefeaor olbkrfoaetens.Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` obnurysfs es crnqunbtay osskjeotnm weth thes meskrmnr;(O) Lnrry obnurysf kc thn jerjan kc Peaaes

(L) Messnjteb` obnurysf(J) Cuseckrf obnurysf kc thn olmkfeboa okrto(M) Zojjuaor obnurysf kc thn thkrojej okrto

>3. O :4-ynor-kam Ocrejob-Ofnrejob wkfob prnsnbts weth leaotnroa heaorayfphomnbkpothy obm rntejuaor mnbsetens eb lkth aub` cenams. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es omncebeb` jhorojtnrestej kc thn meskrmnr su``nstnm ly thnsn cebmeb`s;(O) Olbkrfoaetens rnstrejtnm tk aub` obm heaor ayfph bkmns(L) Hypkjoajnfeo(J) Efpoernm sybthnses kc effubkàkluaebs(M) Forinm hypnrrnojtevety tk tulnrjuaeb(N) Bkbjosnoteb` `robuakfos

>0. O <>-ynor-kam wkfob es struji eb thn anct lrnost eb o ‑stnnreb` whnna‖ ebgury eb whotoppnornm tk ln o febkr outk ojjemnbt.

Octnr snvnroa moys kc poeb obm tnbmnrbnss, shn bktnm thn pnrsestnbjn kc o ‑aufp‖ ot thnsetn kc thn ebgury. Octnr nxjesekb lekpsy, ofkrphkus loskpheaej fotnreoa wos bktnm wethebthn foss. ]hn ofkrphkus fotnreoa es ob nxofpan kc(O) opkjrebn fntopaoseo.(L) mystrkphej joajecejotekb.(J) nbzyfotej cot bnjrkses.(M) `robuakfotkus ebcaoffotekb.(N) foffory myspaoseo.




>8. O >3-ynor-kam fob wos rnjnbtay meo`bksnm weth noray-sto`n jkakb jobjnr. Hn hos bkibkwb cofeay hestkry kc jkakb jobjnr. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` ibkwb resi cojtkrs es fkstaeinay tk hovn jkbtrelutnm tk thn mnvnakpfnbt kc thes ckrf kc jobjnr;(O) O ment akw eb celnr obm he`h eb cot(L) Ocaotkxeb L? eb`nstekb

(J) Hnaejklojtnr pyakre ebcnjtekb(M) Hnpotetes L ebcnjtekb(N) ]klojjk obm oajkhka olusn

>5. O =5-ynor-kam fob hos o rnjnbt meo`bkses kc sfoaa jnaa jorjebkfo kc thn aub`. Phejhkc thn ckaakweb` es ob efpkrtobt jhorojtnrestej kc thes ckrf kc aub` jobjnr;(O) Njtkmnrfoa kreèb(L) Crnqunbt pnrephnroa akjotekb(J) Anss osskjeotekb weth jeòrnttn sfkieb` thob kthnr ckrfs kc aub` jobjnr(M) Torobnkpaostej hypnrporothyrkemesf(N) Tkkray ofnbolan tk sur`nry

34. O =>-ynor-kam fob prnsnbts weth o ckrf kc lojtnreoa ebcnjtekb eb whejh thn ebvomeb`fejrkkròbesfs orn kpskbeznm prekr tk thner nbùacfnbt ly pho`kjytej jnaas. Kc thnckaakweb` jkfpanfnbt jkfpkbnbts kr `rkups kc jkfpkbnbts, whejh es fkst aeinayebvkavnm;(O) J:o obm J>o(L) J:l(J) J=o(M) J>o oakbn(N) J>l-5

3?. O 30-ynor-kam fob, o twk-poji-o-moy sfkinr sebjn o`n ?8, hos hom o prkmujtevnjku`h kvnr thn post <4 ynors. Oathku`h jkbtebukus thrku`h thn ynors, thnrn hovn lnnbnpeskmej nxojnrlotekbs kc thnsn syfptkfs, whejh hovn wkrsnbnm mureb` thn post = kr >ynors, aosteb` : kr = fkbths ot o tefn. Ortnreoa pK< es mnjrnosnm obm pJK< es ebjrnosnm.]ktoa aub` jopojety fnosurnfnbts orn bkrfoa. ]hnsn cebmeb`s orn fkst su``nstevn kcwhejh kc thn ckaakweb` puafkbory meskrmnrs;(O) Omuat rnsperotkry mestrnss sybmrkfn(O\MZ)(L) Lrkbjheoa osthfo(J) Aub` jorjebkfo(M) Jhrkbej lrkbjhetes(N) Tobojebor nfphysnfo




3<. O >3-ynor-kam fob whk hom lnnb rnjneveb` ebtrovnbkus obtelektejs ckr snvnrnjnaauaetes mnvnakps cnvnr, tkxejety, obm snvnrn meorrhno. ]hes sjnborek su``nsts whejh kcthn ckaakweb` meskrmnrs;(O) Jnaeoj sprun(L) JFS ebcnjtekb

(J) Tsnumkfnflrobkus jkaetes(M) âjnrotevn jkaetes(N) Pheppan mesnosn

3:. O >=-ynor-kam jorpnbtnr wos lrku`ht tk thn hkspetoa ly ofluaobjn octnr hn wosebvkavnm eb o he`h-spnnm outkfklean jhosn thot tnrfebotnm eb o jkaaesekb ebtk thn trubi kco trnn. Kb omfessekb tk thn hkspetoa, hes sieb wos jkam obm jaoffy, hes puasn wos ropemobm thrnomy, obm hes lakkm prnssurn wos 34 systkaej obm =4 meostkaej. Hes lakkm oajkhkawos 4.<5 `/mA (prnsufptevn anvna ckr mrubinbbnss es 4.48). Eb spetn kc lakkmtrobscusekbs, hn menm mureb` ob nfnr`nbjy aoporktkfy thot rnvnoanm o rupturnm spannbobm o sae`htay nbaor`nm aevnr. Fejrksjkpej nxofebotekb kc thn aevnr ot outkpsy rnvnoanm

ebtrojytkpaosfej janor vojukans mespaojeb` thn ebtojt bujane kc thn hnpotkjytns tk thnpnrephnry kc thn jnaas. Zpnjeoa stoebs weaa fkst aeinay mnfkbstrotn thot thn vojukaorfotnreoa es(O) leaeruleb.(L) cot.(J) àyjk`nb.(M) hnfksemnreb.(N) wotnr.

3=. O >-ynor-kam lky es snnb lnjousn hn hos rnjurrnbt hnforthrksns obm o aor n poebcuahnfotkfo ebvkaveb` thn skct tessuns kc hes re`ht the`h. @evnb thn ckaakweb` jhkejns, whejhes thn fkst aeinay jousn kc thn lannmeb`;(O) Osjkrlej ojem mncejenbjy(L) Jhrestfos mesnosn(J) MEJ(M) \kjiy Fkubtoeb spkttnm cnvnr(N) Trefory thrkflkjytkpnbeo

3>. O =:-ynor-kam wkfob hos o rnjnbt meo`bkses kc Hoshefktk thyrkemetes. ]hesmesnosn―s outkeffubn boturn es su``nstnm ly whejh kc thn ckaakweb` cnoturns;(O) Osskjeotekb weth hufob anuikjytn obte`nb(HAO)-M\> obm HAO-L>(L) Otrkphy kc thyrkem ckaaejans(J) Toapolan thyrkem(M) Trnsnbjn kc Hñrthan jnaas(N) Ze`bs obm syfptkfs kc hypkthyrkemesf




33. Ob outkpsy es pnrckrfnm kb o 34-ynor- kam fob weth o hestkry kc sustoebnm nthobkaolusn. ]hnrn hom lnnb o hestkry kc prk`rnssevn mnfnbteo weth forinm fnfkry akssfobecnstnm ly o tnbmnbjy tk colrejotn coasn ojjkubts kc rnjnbt nvnbts.

Ommetekboaay, jkbcusekb, otoxej òet, obm poroayses kc nyn fkvnfnbts hom lnnb bktnm.]hn fkst aeinay cebmeb`s eb thn lroeb orn

(O) ofyakem-jkbtoebeb` bnuretej paoquns wetheb jnrnlroa jkrtnx, ofy`moao, obmheppkjofpus.(L) mn`nbnrotekb kc fofeaaory lkmens obm porofnmeob fossns kc `roy fottnr.(J) mnpe`fnbtotekb kc sulstobteo be`ro obm akjus jnruanus.(M) meccusn jkrtejoa otrkphy weth hymrkjnphoaus nx vojuk.(N) fuatepan aojubor ebcorjts obm prk`rnssevn suljkrtejoa mnfynaebotekb.

30. O =-ynor-kam èra hos hom fuatepan hkspetoaezotekbs ckr pbnufkbeo. Ommetekboaay, shn essfoaa ckr hnr o`n obm hos hom syfptkfs kc cot foaolskrptekb. Hnr cothnr rncnrs tk hnros hes ‑aettan pktotk jhep‖ lnjousn shn tostns soaty whnb hn iessns hnr. Jhnst romek`rophmnfkbstrotns puafkbory ebceatrotns ebmejotevn kc pbnufkbeo. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es

thn fkst aeinay pothk`nb jouseb` puafkbory ebcnjtekb eb thes potenbt;(O) Anèkbnaao pbnufkpheao(L) Honfkpheaus ebcaunbzon(J) Tsnumkfkbos onruèbkso(M) Ztophyakjkjjus ournus(N) Ztrnptkjkjjus pbnufkbeo

38. O >>-ynor-kam wkfob hos jerrhkses. ]wnbty ynors o`k shn rnjnevnm o lakkmtrobscusekb ckr prkcusn lannmeb` osskjeotnm weth o jkfpaejotekb kc jheamlerth. Zhkrtaythnrnoctnr, shn hom ob ojutn mesnosn meo`bksnm os bkb-O, bkb-L hnpotetes. ]hrku`hkuthnr aecntefn, hnr oajkhka jkbsufptekb hos lnnb febefoa. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` verusnses fkst aeinay rnspkbselan ckr hnr post obm jurrnbt aevnr mesnosn;(O) Hnpotetes O(L) Hnpotetes L(J) Hnpotetes J(M) Hnpotetes M(N) Hnpotetes N

35. O 3>-ynor-kam fob hos obnfeo, spanbkfnòay, obm nxtrofnmuaaory hnfotkpkenses.Hn hos nxpnrenbjnm nosy coteòleaety, wne`ht akss, obm wnoibnss. Lkbn forrkw lekpsyrnvnoas forinm prkaecnrotekb kc celrkus tessun(fynakcelrkses) jkbsestnbt weth o`bk`nbej fynakem fntopaoseo. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` eso jhorojtnrestej cebmeb` eb thes meskrmnr;(O) Mnpantekb kc lkbn forrkw fnòiorykjytns(L) ]normrkp-shopnm nrythrkjytns(J) Outkspanbnjtkfy(M) Bnkpaostej paosfo jnaas eb thn lkbn forrkw(N) Laost jreses eb thn pnrephnroa lakkm




04. Ob outkpsy es pnrckrfnm kb o:>-ynor- kam Ocrejob-Ofnrejob fob whk menm octnr o lrenc eaabnss jhorojtnreznm lypopeaanmnfo, snvnrn hypnrtnbsekb, anct vnbtrejuaor hypnrtrkphy obm coeaurn, obm rnboamyscubjtekb.]hn fkst aeinay cebmeb`s eb thn iembny orn

(O) cebnay `robuaor rnboa surcojn obm hyoaebn ortnrekaksjanrkses kc occnrnbt ortnrekans.(L) swkaanb, hypnrjnaauaor, ‑lakkmanss‖ àkfnruae.(J) bkmuaor fnsobèoa ojjufuaotekbs kc losnfnbt fnflrobn-aein fotnreoa obm hyoaebnortnrekaksjanrkses kc occnrnbt obm nccnrnbt ortnrekans.(M) surcojn jkvnrnm weth fuatepan pntnjheoa hnfkrrho`ns, hypnrpaostej ortnrekaksjanrkses,obm bnjrktezeb` àkfnruaetes.(N) swkaanb, poan iembnys obm forinm ojjufuaotekb kc aepem eb jkbvkautnm tuluans.

0?. ]hn fkst aeinay meo`bkses eb o <=-ynor kam wkfob weth thn bnphrktej sybmrkfn,prk`rnssevn ozktnfeo, obm thejinbeb` kc àkfnruaor jopeaaory akkps oppornbt kb ae`htfejrksjkpy es

(O) Oapkrt sybmrkfn.(L) meolntej bnphrkpothy.(J) ckjoa sn`fnbtoa àkfnruaksjanrkses.(M) aepkem bnphrkses.(N) fnflrobkus àkfnruakbnphretes.

0<. O <:-ynor-kam wkfob jkbsuats ob klstntrejeob lnjousn shn es hkpeb` tk lnjkfnprn`bobt lut es jkbjnrbnm olkut pksselan jkbsnqunbjns kc rulnaao ebcnjtekb. Zhnrnjnevnm oaa kc hnr jheamhkkm effubezotekbs, lut bkw shn hos lnnb ckubm tk ln bnòtevnckr obtelkmens tk rulnaao. ]hn klstntrejeob omfebestnrs o rulnaao vojjebotekb obm omvesnshnr tk rnturb ckr ob obte-rulnaao tetnr prekr tk lnjkfeb` prn`bobt. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` estrun rnòrmeb` jkb`nbetoa rulnaao ebcnjtekb;(O) Osskjeotnm cntoa mncnjts orn aefetnm tk thn jormekvosjuaor systnf.(L) ]hn cntus es fkst vuabnrolan mureb` thn therm trefnstnr kc prn`bobjy.(J) ]hn fogkrety kc josns kc jkb`nbetoa hnort mesnosn orn jousnm ly rulnaao kr kthnrebtroutnrebn ebcnjtekbs.(M) Totnbt mujtus ortnreksus obm snptoa mncnjts orn thn fkst crnqunbt jkb`nbetoa jormeojolbkrfoaetens osskjeotnm weth rulnaao ebcnjtekb.(N) O prnmkfebobt E`@ obtelkmy rnspkbsn ebmejotns rnjnbt prefory ebcnjtekb.

0:. O lkbn forrkw osperotekb crkf o 3>-ynor-kam fob weth akb`-stobmeb` prkckubmobnfeo shkws fnòaklaostej nrythrkem hypnrpaoseo. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es thn fkstaeinay meo`bkses;(O) Obnfeo kc jhrkbej mesnosn(L) Tna`nr-Hunt obkfoay(J) Tnrbejekus obnfeo(M) Hkfkzy`kus hnfkàkleb N(N) ]hoaossnfeo



<4othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

0=. O :4-ynor-kam wkfob hos summnb laurreb` kc vesekb eb hnr re`ht nyn, pornsthnseos,obm spostejety. JZC cebmeb`s ebjaumn kae`kjakboa lobms kb nanjtrkphkrnses.Fo`bntej rnskbobjn efoèb` kc thn lroeb rnvnoas ]< hypnrebtnbsetens jhorojtnrestej kcmnfynaebotekb eb thn porovnbtrejuaor rnèkbs. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es o prkfebnbtjhorojtnrestej kc thes potenbt―s meskrmnr;

(O) Oxkboa mn`nbnrotekb(L) Kptej bnrvn, lroeb stnf, obm porovnbtrejuaor ornos orn covkrnm setns(J) Jkbcebnm tk thn pnrephnroa bnrvkus systnf(M) Osskjeotnm weth anuinfeo kr ayfphkfo(N) Jousnm ly prekbs

0>. O 3>-ynor-kam fob es nvoauotnm ckr olmkfeboa poeb romeoteb` thrku`h tk thn loji, goubmejn, obkrnxeo, obm rnjnbt wne`ht akss. Ob ommetekboa aeinay cebmeb` es(O) hestkry kc thkreuf mekxemn (]hkrktrost) nxpksurn.(L) ebjrnosnm OCT.(J) fe`rotkry vnbkus thrkflkses.

(M) pobjrnotej joajecejotekb obm psnumkjyst ckrfotekb.(N) urebn tnst bnòtevn ckr leaeruleb.

03. O <>-ynor-kam wkfob hos rnjnbtay lnnb meo`bksnm weth o suspejekus pe`fnbtnmsieb ansekb obm es woeteb` ckr thn rnsuats kc o lekpsy. Zhn es jkbjnrbnm lnjousn shn homhnorm thot sujh ansekbs vory, weth skfn lneb` fkrn snrekus thob kthnrs. Phejh kc thnckaakweb` pe`fnbtnm ansekbs es fkst aeinay tk fntostosezn noray;(O) Myspaostej bnvus(L) Bkmuaor fnaobkfo(J) Te`fnbtnm bnvus(M) Guvnbean fnaobkfo(N) Zupnrcejeoa sprnomeb` fnaobkfo

00. O <0-ynor-kam fob whk rnjnbtay orrevnm eb thn betnm Ztotns crkf Jnbtroa Ofnrejo esckubm tk hovn hypkjhrkfej fejrkjytej obnfeo. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es thn fkst aeinayjousn kc thes cebmeb`;(O) Hkkiwkrf ebcnstotekb(L) Cesh topnwkrf ebcnstotekb(J) O strejt vn`ntoreob ment(M) Trkakb`nm usn kc thn obtesnezurn fnmejotekb phnbytkeb(N) Obnfeo kc jhrkbej mesnosn

08. O ?4-fkbth-kam era prnsnbts weth rnjurrnbt puafkbory ebcnjtekbs, stnotkrrhno, obmcoeaurn tk threvn. Fnosurnfnbt kc whejh sulstobjn es thn fkst opprkpreotn prkjnmurn ebthes potenbt;(O) Nrythrkjytn àujksn-3-phksphotn mnhymrk`nbosn (@3TM)(L) Znruf jnruakpaosfeb(J) -aepkprktneb(M) Znruf phnbyaoaobebn(N) Zwnot jhakremn



<?othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

05. O pothkakèst nxofebeb` o hestkakèj prnporotekb crkf ob outkpsy cebms o ansekb wetholubmobt `robuaotekb tessun. ]hes cebmeb` es fkst aeinay tk ln ebmejotevn kc whejh kc thnckaakweb`;(O) Jot-sjrotjh mesnosn(L) Ckrne`b lkmy rnojtekb

(J) Hestkpaosfkses(M) ]ulnrjuakses(N) Pkubm hnoaeb`

84. O ?0-ynor-kam Ocrejob-Ofnrejob èra rnjnbtay hom hnr nors penrjnm ckr thn cerst tefn.Zhn bkw prnsnbts tk hnr prefory jorn prkvemnr weth thn jkfpaoebt kc o aor`n ‑tufkr-aein‖`rkwth eb thn effnmeotn setn kc kbn kc thn penrjeb`s. ]hes ansekb es aeinay o(O) lnbe`b celrkus hestekjytkfo.(L) mnrfotkcelrksorjkfo prktulnrobs.(J) celrknpethnaeoa pkayp.(M) inakem.

(N) xobthkfo.

8?. O 3<-ynor-kam fob es snnb lnjousn kc o jhob`n eb lkwna holets. O ansekb sefeaor tkthoteaaustrotnm lnakw es rnsnjtnm crkf thn se`fkem jkakb. ]hn meo`bkses es

(O) omnbkjorjebkfo.(L) Jrkhb mesnosn.(J) bkb-Hkmìeb ayfphkfo.(M) psnumkfnflrobkus jkaetes.(N) tuluaor omnbkfo.



<<othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

8<. Phean lneb` ebvnsteòtnm ckr akb`-stobmeb` hypnrtnbsekb, o >>-ynor-kam wkfob esckubm tk hovn thn ckaakweb` snruf aolkrotkry tnst voauns7 bkrfoa jrnotebebn, tktoaprktneb, oalufeb, obm àkluaeb9 ebjrnosnm joajeuf obm oaioaebn phksphotosn9 obmmnjrnosnm phksphkrus. ]hnsn cebmeb`s su``nst thn prnsnbjn kc(O) jorjebkfo fntostotej tk lkbn.

(L) nxjnssevn mentory joajeuf ebtoin.(J) fuatepan fynakfo.(M) porothyrkem omnbkfo.(N) sorjkemkses.

8:. O <4-ynor-kam wkfob weth npeskmej hypnrtnbsekb es ckubm tk hovn o forinmebjrnosn eb urebory SFO. Znvnroa jaksn rnaotevns hovn hom vosjuaor tufkrs kc thn nynobm jysts kc thn aevnr, iembny, obm pobjrnos.Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` cofeaeoa sybmrkfns es fkst aeinay;(O) vkb Heppna-Aebmou mesnosn(L) vkb \njiaeb`housnb mesnosn

(J) Forcob sybmrkfn(M) Cofeaeoa hypnrjhkanstnrkanfeo(N) ]ulnrkus sjanrkses

8=. O 34-ynor-kam wkfob prnsnbts weth cnvnr, jheaas, mysureo, hnfotureo, obm poeb.Zhn rnpkrts o akb`-stobmeb` hestkry kc usn kc phnbojnteb, ojntofebkphnb, bkbstnrkemoaobte-ebcaoffotkry mru`s (BZOEMs), obm ospereb.

Olusn kc thnsn fnmejotekbs es osskjeotnm weth bnjrkses kc whejh kc thn ckaakweb` setns;(O) Losoa òbàeo(L) Heaor ayfph bkmns(J) Fykjormeuf(M) \nboa popeaaon(N) Zpanbej ortnrekans

8>. O :-fkbth-kam, oppornbtay cnfoan ebcobt es nvoauotnm ckr ofleùkus nbetoaeo.]hn jaetkres oppnors aor`n, obm thnrn orn poapolan fossns eb thn ebùeboa rnèkb.Curthnr ebvnsteòtekb rnvnoas thn prnsnbjn kc lkth kvoreob obm tnstejuaor tessun. Phejhkc thn ckaakweb` tnrfs es usnm tk mnsjreln thnsn cebmeb`s;(O) Foan psnumkhnrfophrkmetesf(L) Cnfoan psnumkhnrfophrkmetesf(J) ]run hnrfophrkmetesf(M) ]urbnr sybmrkfn(N) Iaebncnatnr sybmrkfn



<:othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

83. O <:-ynor-kam wkfob weth systnfej aupus nrythnfotksus (ZAN) es paojnm kb he`hmksns kc thn stnrkem prnmbeskbn. Trnmbeskbn es o pktnbt ebheletkr kc thn nbzyfnphksphkaeposn O<, whejh bkrfoaay cubjtekbs eb whejh kc thn ckaakweb` nvnbts;(O) Jyjakkxy`nbosn pothwoy(L) Aelnrotekb kc orojhemkbej ojem crkf fnflrobn phksphkaepems

(J) Aepkxy`nbosn pothwoy(M) Zybthnses kc prkstojyjaeb (T@E<)(N) Zybthnses kc thrkflkxobn O< (]xO<)

80. O 34-ynor-kam fob weth pobjrnotej jobjnr mens ckaakweb` o tnrfeboa npeskmn thotlnòb : moys noraenr, jhorojtnreznm ly `nbnroaeznm lannmeb` weth kkzeb` crkfebtrovnbkus ebcusekb setns, wemnsprnom pntnjheoa obm njjhyfktej jutobnkus lannmeb`,obm ebtrojtolan npestoxes.

Ot outkpsy, o àkfnruaor jhob`n sefeaor tk thot shkwb eb thn eaaustrotekb wosmnfkbstrotnm (thn ansekb es stoebnm weth o spnjeoa stoeb thot stoebs celreb purpan). Trekr tkmnoth, whejh kc thn ckaakweb` aolkrotkry fnosurns kc lakkm jkoùaotekb wkuam hovn

shkwb o mnjrnosn eb thn rnpkrtnm voaun;

(O) Ojtevotnm porteoa thrkflkpaosteb tefn(L) Celreb obm celrebk`nb mn`romotekb prkmujts(J) Taotnant jkubt(M) Trkthrkfleb tefn

(N) ]hrkfleb tefn



<=othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

88. O ?=-ynor-kam èra mens octnr ob eaabnss jhorojtnreznm ly prk`rnssevn fktkr obmfnbtoa mntnrekrotekb. Ot outkpsy, thnrn es prkckubm jkrtejoa otrkphy, akss kc whetn fottnr,obm vnbtrejuaor nbaor`nfnbt. Zpnjeoa stumens ebmejotn portejepotekb kc o mncnjtevnfnosans verus. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es thn meo`bkses;(O) Jrnutzcnamt-Goikl mesnosn

(L) @ueaaoeb-Lorrå sybmrkfn(J) Iuru(M) Trk`rnssevn fuateckjoa anuiknbjnphoakpothy(N) Zulojutn sjanrkseb` pobnbjnphoaetes

85. O <4-ynor-kam fob es hkspetoaeznm weth cnvnr, shoieb` jheaas, obm wemnsprnomjutobnkus hnfkrrho`ns. Hn jkfpaoebs kc snvnrn hnomojhn, obm bujhoa reèmety es bktnmkb physejoa nxofebotekb. Nxofebotekb kc thn pnrephnroa lakkm obm JZC rnvnoas`rofbnòtevn mepakjkjje wetheb bnutrkpheas. O wnaa-ibkwb jkfpaejotekb kc thes meskrmnres hnfkrrho`n ebtk thn(O) omrnboa jkrtnx.

(L) obtnrekr petuetory.(J) lroeb stnf.(M) pobjrnos.(N) sulorojhbkem spojn.

54. O >3-ynor-kam fob weth o hestkry kc stolan obèbo wos snnb eb thn nfnr`nbjy rkkf? hkur ckaakweb` thn kbsnt kc ubrnanbteb` sulstnrboa poeb bkt rnaenvnm ly betrkàyjnreb.

Ob nanjtrkjormek`rof (NJ@) rnvnoanm mnnp _ wovns ojrkss thn prnjkrmeuf, Z]sn`fnbt nanvotekbs, obm ebvnrtnm ] wovns. Znruf anvnas kc jrnotebebn iebosn FL (JI-FL) obm jormeoj trkpkbeb E (j]b-E) wnrn wetheb thn bkrfoa rob`n. Phot es thn lnstnxpaobotekb ckr thnsn cebmeb`s;(O) Aojtotn mnhymrk`nbosn (AMH) shkuam hovn lnnb krmnrnm rothnr thob JI-FL obmj]b-E.(L) ]hn meo`bkses es ojutn fykjormeoa ebcorjtekb (FE), obm JI-FL obm j]b-E wnrnmntnrfebnm tkk noray eb thn jkursn kc thn mesnosn.(J) ]hn meo`bkses es ubstolan obèbo rothnr thob ojutn FE.(M) ]hn cebmeb`s orn ebmejotevn kc o messnjteb` obnurysf (messnjteb` hnfotkfo) kc thnokrto.(N) JI-FL oakbn job ln fesanomeb`, obm fkrn mncebetevn ebckrfotekb wkuam hovn lnnbnxpnjtnm crkf tktoa JI mntnrfebotekb.



<>othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

5?. O <8-ynor-kam fob wos nvoauotnm ckr prk`rnssevn wnoibnss, wne`ht akss, obmobkrnxeo. Hn wos ckubm tk ln hypktnbsevn, obm hom `nbnroaeznm hypnrpe`fnbtotekbebvkaveb` nxpksnm surcojns kc thn sieb, aeps, obm lujjoa fujkso. Phejh kc thn ckaakwebàolkrotkry cebmeb`s es nxpnjtnm eb thes potenbt;(O) Ebjrnosnm snruf skmeuf

(L) Mnjrnosnm snruf pktosseuf(J) Ebjrnosnm snruf àujksn(M) Mnjrnosnm paosfo jkrteska bkt jkrrnjtnm ly omfebestrotekb kc omrnbkjkrtejktrkpejhkrfkbn (OJ]H)(N) Ebjrnosnm urebory ?0-intkstnrkems

5<. O :>-ynor-kam fob whksn cothnr hom menm kc Hubteb`tkb mesnosn hos thn kbsnt kcbnurkakèj olbkrfoaetens thot hom lnnb prnmejtnm noraenr ly `nbntej oboayses. Jhob`nseb thn mestobjn lntwnnb thn hnoms kc thn twk joumotn bujane ly fo`bntej rnskbobjnefoèb` orn jkbsestnbt weth otrkphy kc thn joumotn bujanus obm putofnb. Phejh kc thnckaakweb` es ob efpkrtobt jhorojtnrestej kc thes meskrmnr;

(O) Jkppnr mnpksetekb eb anbtejuaor bujane(L) Noray jheamhkkm kbsnt fkst jkffkb(J) Zpheb`kfynaebosn mncejenbjy(M) Zulstobteo be`ro mnpe`fnbtotekb(N) ]rebujanktemn rnpnot nxpobsekb

5:. Fnflrobkus àkfnruakbnphretes es ckubm ot outkpsy eb o <>-ynor-kam wkfob whkmenm eb rnboa coeaurn. Kthnr outkpsy cebmeb`s ebjaumn panuretes, meccusn ebtnrsteteoa celrkses kcthn aub`s, jkbjnbtrej reb`s kc jkaao`nb surrkubmeb` spanbej ortnrekans, obm wortyvn`ntotekbs kc thn fetroa obm trejuspem voavns occnjteb` thn surcojns lnhebm thn jusps, oswnaa os thn surcojns nxpksnm tk thn ckrworm cakw kc lakkm. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es obnxpnjtnm aolkrotkry cebmeb`;(O) Ebjrnosnm tetnr kc obtestrnptkayseb K (OZK)(L) Ayfphkjytkses(J) Tnrephnroa ref pottnrb kc obtebujanor obtelkmy caukrnsjnbjn(M) Tksetevn lakkm juaturns ckr Ztrnptkjkjjus veremobs(N) Znruf obtelkmens rnojtevn weth àkfnruaor obm puafkbory oavnkaor losnfnbtfnflrobns




5=. O sebàn bkmuan wos rnsnjtnm crkf thn pnrephnroa pkrtekb kc thn re`ht akwnr akln kcthn aub` kc o =>-ynor-kam wkfob. ]hn fejrksjkpej cebmeb`s wnrn sefeaor tk thksn shkwbeb thn eaaustrotekb. ]hn meo`bkses es

(O) lrkbjhekakoavnkaor jorjebkfo.(L) jorjebkem.(J) fnskthnaekfo.(M) sfoaa jnaa jorjebkfo.

(N) squofkus jnaa jorjebkfo.

5>. O >=-ynor-kam fob prnsnbts weth fuatepan rnjurrnbt pnptej uajnrs kc thn mukmnbufobm thn gngubuf. @ostrej ojem snjrntekb es rncrojtkry tk prktkb pufp ebheletkrs. ]hnsncebmeb`s su``nst ob ubmnrayeb`(O) omnbkjorjebkfo kc thn pobjrnos.(L) omnbkfo kc thn omrnboa fnmuaao.(J) jorjebkem kc thn gngubuf.(M) esant jnaa tufkr kc thn pobjrnos.(N) phnkjhrkfkjytkfo.




53. O 3>-ynor-kam fob es snnb ckr thn rnjnbt kbsnt kc goubmejn, wne`ht akss, obmobkrnxeo.

Olmkfeboa nxofebotekb rnvnoas o mestnbmnm, poapolan òaalaommnr. Aolkrotkry stumensrnvnoa jkbguòtnm hypnrleaerulebnfeo, pksetevn urebn tnsts ckr leaeruleb, obm tktoa olsnbjnkc urkleaebk`nb eb thn urebn obm stkkas. ]hn prklolan meo`bkses es

(O) omnbkjorjebkfo kc thn pobjrnos.(L) ofnlej olsjnss kc thn aevnr.(J) hnpotej vneb thrkflkses.(M) hnpotetes O ebcnjtekb.(N) hnrnmetory sphnrkjytkses.

50. O ::-ynor-kam wkfob prnsnbts weth npeskmej poapetotekbs, swnoteb`, trnfkr, obm osnbsn kc opprnhnbsekb. Mureb` thnsn npeskmns, hnr lakkm prnssurn es forinmaynanvotnm. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` aolkrotkry tnsts es fkst aeinay tk ln kc meo`bkstejse`becejobjn;(O) Znruf snrktkbeb

(L) Znruf òstreb(J) ^rebn SFO(M) ^rebn jkrteska(N) Znruf T]H

58. O :4-ynor-kam wkfob mens ckaakweb` o prkakb`nm pnrekm eb o vn`ntotevn stotn thotrnsuatnm crkf ebgurens sustoebnm eb o hnomkb outk jkaaesekb > ynors noraenr. Ob nxpnjtnmoutkpsy cebmeb` wkuam ln(O) o jhnrry-rnm spkt kb thn fojuao.(L) oslnstks lkmens eb thn aub`.(J) outkphoèj `robuans eb sinantoa fusjans.(M) Anwy lkmens wetheb bnurkbs.(N) Foaakry lkmens wetheb hnpotkjytns.

55. O >-ynor-kam jheam eb o rncu`nn jofp eb sul-Zohorob Ocrejo es snnb ly o vkaubtnnrmkjtkr eb thn jofp obm es meo`bksnm os hoveb` snvnrn prktneb-joakren foabutretekbjkbsestnbt weth iwoshekrikr. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es o jhorojtnrestej kc thes meskrmnr;(O) Efpoernm opkaepkprktneb sybthnses(L) Ebjrnosnm cot stkro`n eb omepkjytns(J) Fkrn snvnrn thob forosfus(M) Fykjormeoa cotty jhob`n nxjnnms thot eb aevnr(N) Trnjurskr tk jerrhkses




?44. O >=-ynor-kam fob prnsnbts weth o poebanss ubeaotnroa swnaaeb` gust obtnrekr tk thnnor. Lekpsy kc thn foss su``nsts et es o pankfkrphej omnbkfo, obm hn es sjhnmuanm ckrsur`nry tk rnfkvn thn foss. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es trun kc thes tufkr;(O) Kctnb rnjurs(L) Es anss prnvoanbt thob Portheb tufkrs kc thn soaevory àobm

(J) ]ktoaay rnsnjtolan(M) \nsuats crkf fufps ebcnjtekb(N) Kctnb rnsuats eb Hkrbnr sybmrkfn

?4?. O <-ynor-kam èra weth o hestkry kc rnpnotnm puafkbory ebcnjtekbs es ckubm tk hovnnanvotnm jhakremn eb o swnot tnst. Ob ommetekboa nxpnjtnm cebmeb` es(O) hypnrjoajnfeo.(L) hypktnbsekb.(J) ebjrnosnm fntolkaesf.(M) rnboa coeaurn.(N) stnotkrrhno.

?4<. O :3-ynor-kam wkfob nxpnrenbjns o snvnrn hnomojhn. Ebvnste otekb ebjaumeb`jkfputnm tkfk`rophej obèk`rophy (J]O) rnvnoas o sojjuaor kutpkujheb` kc thnobtnrekr jnrnlroa ortnry. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es o fogkr jhorojtnrestej kc thes typn kcvosjuaor jhob`n;(O) Kjjurs obywhnrn wetheb lrobjhns kc ebtnrboa jorktem ortnry(L) Ebcrnqunbt setn kc sulorojhbkem hnfkrrho`n(J) Femman fnbeb`noa ortnry fkst crnqunbt akjotekb(M) ^suoaay o jkfpaejotekb kc snvnrn othnrksjanrkses(N) Kctnb osskjeotnm weth pkayjystej iembny

?4:. O >3-ynor-kam fob hos snvnrn jhnst poeb, obm obèk`rophy mnfkbstrotns ojutnkjjausekb kc thn jerjufcanx lrobjh kc thn anct jkrkbory ortnry. Lakkm cakw es sujjnsscuaayrnstkrnm ly pnrjutobnkus trobsaufeboa jkrkbory obèkpaosty (T]JO) weth stnbteb`.Mureb` thn pnrekm kc jnaauaor hypkxej ebgury, whejh kc thn ckaakweb` ebtrojnaauaor jhob`nses aeinay tk hovn kjjurrnm;(O) Mnjrnosnm joajeuf(L) Mnjrnosnm pH(J) Mnjrnosnm skmeuf(M) Ebjrnosnm ojtevety kc Bo+I+ pufp(N) Ebjrnosnm omnbksebn trephksphotn (O]T)

?4=. O jystej kvoreob foss wos poapotnm eb o <:-ynor-kam wkfob. Ec X-roy ceafsrnvnoanm joajecejotekbs eb thn foss, whejh kc thn ckaakweb` wkuam ln fkst aeinay;(O) ]nrotkfo(L) Lrnbbnr tufkr(J) Fujebkus jystomnbkjorjebkfo(M) Iruinblnr` tufkr(N) Jhkrekjorjebkfo




?4>. O =>-ynor-kam wkfob prnsnbts weth ob ebsemekus obm prk rnssevn sybmrkfnjhorojtnreznm ly poeb obm tnbmnrbnss eb fuatepan gkebts, weth gkebt steccbnss kb reseb` ebthn fkrbeb`, obm noray octnrbkkb coteùn obm foaoesn. Gkebt ebvkavnfnbt es syffntrej,weth thn prkxefoa ebtnrphoaob`noa obm fntojorpkphoaob`noa gkebts nspnjeoaay ebvkavnm.Thysejoa nxofebotekb rnvnoas tnbmnrbnss eb bnoray oaa ebcaofnm gkebts.

Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` aolkrotkry olbkrfoaetens es fkst aeinay;(O) Obtelkmens tk mkulan-strobmnm MBO(L) E`F obte-E`@ obtelkmens(J) ^rotn jrystoas obm bnutrkpheas eb sybkveoa cauem(M) Obte-MBOosn L(N) HAO-L<0 obte`nb

?43. O :>-ynor-kam, HES-pksetevn fob prnsnbts weth prkmujtevn jku`h, hnfkptyses,cnvnr, be`ht swnots, wne`ht akss, obm obkrnxeo. Jhnst romek`roph mnfkbstrotns ojovetory ansekb eb thn opnx kc thn anct aub`. Zputuf nxofebotekb rnvnoas ojemcost lojeaae.]hn potenbt es meo`bksnm weth tulnrjuakses, eb whejh thn jaossej hestkakèj cnoturn es

`robuakfotkus ebcaoffotekb.]hn npethnaekem jnaas obm fuatebujanotnm èobt jnaas kc thes ckrf kc jhrkbej ebcaoffotekborn mnrevnm crkf whejh kc thn ckaakweb`;(O) Loskpheas(L) JM=+ ] ayfphkjytns(J) Nksebkpheas(M) Fkbkjytns obm fojrkpho`ns(N) Taosfo jnaas

?40. O <>-ynor-kam wkfob es snnb lnjousn kc buflbnss obm poeb eb hnr ceb`nrs obmhobms kb nxpksurn tk jkam. Phnb nethnr hnr hobms kr cnnt orn vnry jkam, thny turb whetnobm thnb laun. ]hnsn jhob`ns orn jhorojtnrestej kc whejh kc thn ckaakweb`;(O) Lunr`nr mesnosn (thrkflkobèetesklaetnrobs)(L) \oyboum mesnosn(J) Pn`nbnr `robuakfotkses(M) Iowosoie mesnosn(N) ]oioyosu ortnretes

?48. Ob 84-ynor-kam wkfob kb o ‑tno obm tkost‖ ment prnsnbts weth lannmeb` ùfs,pntnjheon obm nosy lrueseb`, obm poeb eb hnr orfs obm an`s. Zhn stotns thot shn oafkstbnvnr nots cruets obm vn`ntolans. Zhn es meo`bksnm weth vetofeb J mncejenbjy. Phejh kcthn ckaakweb` es thn loses kc thn jaebejoa olbkrfoaetens thot kjjur os o rnsuat kc aoji kcvetofeb J;(O) Mncnjtevn joajecejotekb kc kstnkem fotrex(L) Ebjrnosnm ebtnsteboa olskrptekb kc erkb(J) Mncnjtevn hymrkxyaotekb kc prkaebn obm aysebnM) Ebjrnosnm prkaecnrotekb kc jkaao`nb obm celrkus tessun(N) Mnstrujtekb kc nbmkthnaeoa jnaas



:4othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

?45. O 3>-ynor-kam fob prnsnbts weth rnjurrnbt cnvnr obm poebanss jnrvejoa obmsuprojaovejuaor ayfphomnbkpothy. Lekpsy obm curthnr stumens rnvnoa thot thn potenbt hosHkmìeb mesnosn ot o sto`n thot es usuoaay osskjeotnm weth o vnry pkkr prk`bkses.Ztoèb` es losnm kb whejh kc thn ckaakweb`;(O) Jnaa kc kreèb

(L) Mn`rnn kc obopaoseo(J) Mn`rnn kc meccnrnbteotekb kc tufkr jnaas(M) Mestrelutekb obm nxtnbt kc mesnosn(N) Buflnr kc fetktej ceùrns

??4. O :-ynor-kam èra prnsnbts weth mori prnjepetotns oakb` ebèvoa for ebs, romekpoqunmnpksets eb thn npephysns kc hnr lkbns, obm urebory nxjrntekb kc mnato-ofebkanvuaebejojem (mnato-OAO). Hnr cothnr stotns thot thny aevn eb ob kam hkusn thot hos jheppnm poebt.]hn potenbt es meo`bksnm weth anom tkxejety.]hn jheam―s lakkm wkuam aeinay oask hovn whejh kc thn ckaakweb`;(O) Loskpheaej steppaeb` kc nrythrkjytns

(L) Zjhestkjytns obm hnafnt jnaas(J) Ebjrnosnm ksfktej croèaety kc nrythrkjytns(M) Jaufpeb` kc nrythrkjytns ot tnfpnroturns lnakw :4´J(N) Fojrkjytns

???. O 34-ynor-kam wkfob weth utnrebn lannmeb` es ckubm tk hovn nbmkfntreoahypnrpaoseo obm ob kvoreob tufkr. Phejh es thn fkst aeinay kvoreob tufkr;(O) Znrkus jystomnbkjorjebkfo(L) Iruinblnr` tufkr(J) Mys`nrfebkfo(M) ]nrotkfo(N) @robuakso jnaa tufkr

??<. Ob ?8-ynor-kam fob prnsnbts weth anct ibnn poeb hn―s hom ckr snvnroa fkbths. Ibnn romek`roph mnfkbstrotns nanvotekb kc thn pnrekstnuf kc thn lkbn, weth ornos kc o‑sublurst‖ oppnorobjn. Phot es thn aeinay meo`bkses;(O) Kstnkjhkbmrkfo(L) Kstnksorjkfo(J) @eobt jnaa tufkr(M) Nweb` sorjkfo(N) Jhkbmrksorjkfo



:?othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

??:. O pothkakèst nxofebns ob nxjesekboalekpsy spnjefnb obm jkbcerfs thn wkrieb`meo`bkstej efprnssekb kc omnbkjorjebkfo.Lnjousn kc thn boturn kc thn tufkr, hn rnqunsts fkanjuaor meo`bkstej nvoauotekb ly thnfkanjuaor pothkak`y aolkrotkry.

Ofpaecejotekb kc thn HN\ -< /bnu kbjk`nbn es mnfkbstrotnm. ]hes cebmeb` es o bnòtevn

prk`bkstej ebmejotkr eb jorjebkfo kc thn(O) omrnboa.(L) lrnost.(J) iembny.(M) stkfojh.(N) thyrkem.

??=. O :>-ynor-kam wkfob jkbsuats o `ybnjkakèst lnjousn shn hos pkstjketoa voèboalannmeb`. ]hn Topobejkaoku (Top) sfnor es olbkrfoa. Jkapksjkpy obm jnrvejoa lekpsyanom tk o meo`bkses kc jorjebkfo kc thn jnrvex. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es fkstjhorojtnrestej kc thes meskrmnr;

(O) Osskjeotekb weth hufob popeaakfoverus(HTS) ebcnjtekb(L) Hestkry kc nxk`nbkus nstrk`nb thnropy(J) Fkst jkffkb `ybnjkakèj foae`bobjy(M) Znjrntekb kc OCT(N) Zpkbtobnkus rn`rnssekb ckaakweb` fnbkpousn

_unstekbs ??> obm ??3 O foan ebcobt wos snnb ckr rnjurrnbt lojtnreoa ebcnjtekbs lnèbbeb` ot o`n 3 fkbths.??>. Effubkàkluaeb ossoy rnvnoas olsnbt E`@. Ob ommetekboa nxpnjtnm cebmeb` es(O) olsnbjn kc `nrfeboa jnbtnrs eb thn ayfph bkmns.(L) outkskfoa rnjnssevn ebhnretobjn.(J) mnjrnosnm JM=+ tk JM8+ ] ayfphkjytn rotek.(M) mncnjtevn anuikjytej lojtnreoa ieaaeb`.(N) efpoernm pho`kjytkses.

??3. Eb thes ebcobt, thn pnrekm kc wnaa-lneb` ckr thn cerst 3 fkbths kc aecn es lnst nxpaoebnmly(O) obtelojtnreoa sulstobjns suppaenm ly lrnost-cnnmeb`.(L) mncejenbt kpskbezotekb mun tk effoturety kc jkfpanfnbt sybthnses.(J) mnaoynm rnspkbsevnbnss kc ayfphkjytns tk fetk`nbej stefuae.(M) prktnjtekb ly fotnrboa obtelkmens.(N) bnnm ckr o veroa ebcnjtekb tk tre``nr effubn mnstrujtekb kc thyfej tessun.



:<othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

??0. O meo`bkses kc ojutn hnfotk`nbkus kstnkfynaetes es fomn eb o >-ynor-kam lky whkhom prnsnbtnm weth thn summnb kbsnt kc o he`h cnvnr. Hn hom lnnb aefpeb` obm hom homnrythnfo, nmnfo, obm poeb orkubm hes re`ht ibnn ckr snvnroa moys. Phejh kc thnckaakweb` es trun kc thes jkbmetekb;(O) Et kjjurs weth pnoi ebjemnbjn eb thn namnray.

(L) Et fkst jkffkbay occnjts thn eaeoj jrnsts.(J) Zurèjoa ebjesekb obm mroebo`n es oafkst oawoys rnquernm.(M) Et es fkst jkffkbay jousnm ly Ztophyakjkjjus ournus.(N) Et es fkrn jkffkb eb cnfoans.

??8. O 34-ynor-kam fob prnsnbts weth poebanss hnfotureo. ]robsurnthroa lekpsy kc thnlaommnr es pnrckrfnm, obm hestkakèj nvoauotekb mnfkbstrotns thn prnsnbjn kcjorjebkfo kc thn urebory laommnr. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es thn fkst jkffkb typn kcjorjebkfo kc thn urebory laommnr;(O) ]robsetekboa jnaa jorjebkfo(L) Zquofkus jnaa jorjebkfo

(J) Omnbkjorjebkfo(M) Janor jnaa jorjebkfo(N) Zfoaa jnaa jorjebkfo

??5. O >3-ynor-kam fob es snnb eb thn nfnr`nbjy rkkf lnjousn kc thn ojutn kbsnt kcsnvnrn jrusheb` prnjkrmeoa jhnst poeb thot lnòb kb thn `kac jkursn ? hkur noraenr obmhos pnrsestnm ubtea thn tefn kc omfessekb. ]hn NJ@ rnvnoas prnjkrmeoa _Z wovns obmnanvotnm Z] sn`fnbts. Oathku`h bkrfoa ot omfessekb, lkth thn snruf JI-FL obm j]b-Eorn se`becejobtay nanvotnm ?< hkurs aotnr. ]hnsn jhob`ns orn rnaotnm tk whejh typn kcbnjrkses;(O) Josnkus(L) Jkoùaotevn(J) Cot(M) @ob`rnbkus(N) Aequncojtevn

?<4. O 38-ynor-kam wkfob hos cnvnr, `nbnroaeznm akwnr olmkfeboa poeb, obm lre`ht rnmlakkm eb thn stkkas. ]hn whetn lakkm jnaa jkubt es ?>,444/fA, weth 8>% sn`fnbtnmbnutrkpheas. ]hn fkst aeinay meo`bkses es(O) ojutn oppnbmejetes.(L) jorjebkfo kc thn rnjtuf.(J) Jrkhb mesnosn.(M) mevnrtejuaetes.(N) tuluaor omnbkfo eb se`fkem jkakb.



::othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

?<?. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es o prnmespkseb` cojtkr eb thn pothk`nbnses kc janor jnaaomnbkjorjebkfo kc thn voèbo;(O) Nxjnss nstrk`nb stefuaotekb(L) Hnrpns sefpanx verus ebcnjtekb(J) HTS ebcnjtekb

(M) Eb utnrk nxpksurn tk MNZ(N) Kroa jkbtrojnptevn thnropy

?<<. O 3>-ynor-kam fob prnsnbts weth urebory hnsetobjy, crnqunbjy, ur`nbjy, snbsotekbkc ebjkfpantn laommnr nfptyeb`, obm stroebeb` tk stort thn urebory strnof.Meètoa rnjtoa nxofebotekb es pnrckrfnm.Curthnr wkriup rnvnoas thn meo`bkses kc bkmuaor prkstotej hypnrpaoseo. Phejh kc thnckaakweb` es ob osskjeotekb kc thes meskrmnr;(O) ]nbms tk oresn eb thn pnrephnroa zkbn kc thn prkstotej àobms(L) Ob ebjrnosn eb snruf prkstotn-spnjecej obte`nb (TZO) foy kjjur(J) Akw ebjemnbjn eb kamnr fnb

(M) Foy crnqunbtay prk`rnss tk lkby kstnklaostej fntostosns(N) Kctnb efprkvns kvnr tefn wethkut ebtnrvnbtekb

?<:. O >4-ynor-kam jhrkbej oajkhkaej weth goubmejn obm osjetns snjkbmory tk ibkwbjerrhkses lnjkfns meskrenbtnm obm jkbcusnm. Ostnrexes (caoppeb` trnfkr) job lnmnfkbstrotnm.Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` cnoturns kc hes mesnosn es fkst jaksnay rnaotnm tk thn jhob`n ebfnbtoa stotus;(O) Hypkoalufebnfeo(L) Ebjrnosnm hnpotej ayfph ckrfotekb(J) Ebjrnosnm pkrtoa vnbkus prnssurn(M) Tkrtoa-systnfej vnbkus shubteb`(N) \nboa rntnbtekb kc skmeuf obm wotnr

?<=. Eb prnporotekb ckr o stnf jnaa trobspaobt eb o potenbt weth anuinfeo, thn kbjkakèstjkbsemnrs thn meccnrnbteoa susjnpteleaety kc vorekus tessuns obm jnaas tk he`h-mksnjhnfkthnropy obm anthoa erromeotekb. Zk-joaanm pnrfobnbt jnaas orn thn anost vuabnrolantk ebgury, lut oask hovn thn anost jopojety tk rn`nbnrotn. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es opnrfobnbt jnaa;(O) Lrkbjheoa npethnaeoa jnaa(L) @ostrej fujksoa jnaa(J) Hnpotkjytn(M) Heppkjofpoa bnurkb(N) \nboa tuluaor jnaa



:=othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

?<>. O 34-ynor-kam fob prnsnbts weth thn bnw kbsnt kc myspbno, jhnst poeb, jku`h, obmwne`ht akss. Eb thn post, hn hom wkrinm eb jkbstrujtekb, ebstoaaeb` ebsuaotekb eb lueameb`s.Jhnst romek`roph shkws o re`htsemnm panuroa nccusekb weth forinm panuroa thejinbeb` obmfoss ckrfotekb. O foae`bobt bnkpaosf es mnfkbstrotnm ly lekpsy. Phot es thn fkstaeinay meo`bkses;

(O) Zfoaa jnaa jorjebkfo(L) Zquofkus jnaa jorjebkfo(J) Fnskthnaekfo(M) Omnbkjorjebkfo(N) Jorjebkem tufkr

?<3. O 34-ynor-kam fob prnsnbts weth jhrkbej hnomojhn obm pnrskboaety jhob`ns sebjnhn hom lnnb eb o jor ojjemnbt o fkbth o`k, mureb` whejh hn hom succnrnm o whepaoshbnji ebgury. O J] sjob kc thn hnom mnfkbstrotns o hypnrmnbsn jrnsjnbtej rnèkb oakb`thn ebbnr siuaa. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es thn fkst aeinay meo`bkses;(O) Lrueseb` kc thn lroeb sulstobjn kc thn jnrnlroa hnfesphnrn

(L) Nbaor`nfnbt kc thn jnrnlroa vnbtrejans(J) Npemuroa hnfotkfo(M) Zulmuroa hnfotkfo(N) Zulorojhbkem hnfkrrho`n

?<0. O >4-ynor-kam fob es snnb eb thn nfnr`nbjy rkkf. Hn sustoebnm o hnom ebguryoctnr coaaeb` crkf o aommnr. Hn hom o lrenc pnrekm kc akss kc jkbsjekusbnss octnr thn coaa,whejh thnb rnskavnm. Hn bkw hos hnomojhn, vkfeteb`, obm lkrmnraebn stotn kcjkbsjekusbnss. Nfnr`nbjy J] mnfkbstrotns o crojturn eb thn tnfpkrkporentoa orno kcthn siuaa, os wnaa os o anbs-shopnm hkfk`nbnkus mnbsety jkbtoebnm wetheb thn suturnaebns. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es thn fkst aeinay meo`bkses;(O) Lrueseb` kc thn lroeb sulstobjn kc thn jnrnlroa hnfesphnrn(L) Nbaor`nfnbt kc thn jnrnlroa vnbtrejans(J) Npemuroa hnfotkfo(M) Zulmuroa hnfotkfo(N) Zulorojhbkem hnfkrrho`n

?<8. O >>-ynor-kam wkfob prnsnbts weth ‑thn wkrst hnomojhn kc fy aecn‖ obm snvnrnbousno. Zhn stotns thot thn hnomojhn obm bousno stortnm summnbay snvnroa hkurs o`k.

O JZC top rnvnoas crobi lakkm eb thn JZC. O J] sjob kc thn hnom rnvnoas meccusnhnfkrrho`n kvnr thn surcojn kc thn lroeb. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es thn fkst aeinayfnjhobesf jouseb` thnsn cebmeb`s;(O) Aojnrotekb kc thn femman fnbeb`noa ortnry(L) Aojnrotekb kc thn lremèb` vnebs(J) \upturn kc o lnrry obnurysf eb thn jerjan kc Peaaes(M) \upturn kc o Jhorjkt-Lkujhorm obnurysf(N) Hypnrtnbsevn ebtropornbjhyfoa hnfkrrho`n



:>othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

?<5. Ob 8-ynor-kam lky prnsnbts weth erretoleaety, vkfeteb`, obm òet otoxeo. J] sjobmnfkbstrotns o femaebn tufkr kc thn jnrnlnaauf. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es thn fkstaeinay meo`bkses;(O) @aeklaostkfo fuateckrfn(L) Fnmuaaklaostkfo

(J) Fnbebèkfo(M) Zjhwobbkfo (Bnureanffkfo)(N) Kae`kmnbmrkàekfo

?:4. O :4-ynor-kam wkfob prnsnbts weth wnoibnss obm hypnrrncanxeo kc thn anct akwnrnxtrnfety. ]hnsn syfptkfs hom lnùb os feam wnoibnss, lut hom sakway obmprk`rnssevnay lnjkfn fkrn snvnrn. O J] sjob kc thn hnom rnvnoas o wnaa-mncebnm re`htsemnm porosoèttoa foss jkfprnsseb` (lut bkt ebvomeb`) thn lroeb pornbjhyfo.Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es thn fkst aeinay meo`bkses;(O) @aeklaostkfo fuateckrfn(L) Fnmuaaklaostkfo

(J) Fnbebèkfo(M) Bnureanffkfo (sjhwobbkfo)(N) Kae`kmnbmrkàekfo

?:?. Ob outkpsy es pnrckrfnm kb o 0>-ynorkam fob, whk ckr thn post snvnroa ynors homhom o peaa-rkaaeb` trnfkr eb hes hobm, sakweb` kc hes fkvnfnbts, obm fusjan reèmety.

Outkpsy cebmeb`s rnvnoa mnpe`fnbtotekb kc thn sulstobteo be`ro obm akjus jnruanus.Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es thn fkst aeinay meo`bkses;(O) Oazhnefnr mesnosn(L) Hubteb`tkb mesnosn(J) Emekpothej Toriebskb mesnosn(M) Fyosthnbeo `roves(N) Pnrbejin-Ikrsoikcc sybmrkfn

?:<. O :4-ynor-kam wkfob prnsnbts weth ptkses obm snvnrn `nbnroaeznm fusjanwnoibnss. Omfebestrotekb kc nmrkphkbeuf (ob obtejhkaebnstnrosn) rnsuats eb o ropem obmmrofotej rnjkvnry kc fusjan strnb`th. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es thn fkst aeinaymeo`bkses;(O) Oazhnefnr mesnosn(L) Hubteb`tkb mesnosn(J) Emekpothej Toriebskb mesnosn(M) Fyosthnbeo `roves(N) Pnrbejin-Ikrsoikcc sybmrkfn




?::. O >4-ynor-kam fob prnsnbts weth o bnurkakèj meskrmnr thot lnòb wethjhkrnkothntkem fkvnfnbts obm hos prk`rnssnm tk mnfnbteo. Kthnr cofeay fnflnrshovn lnnb sefeaoray occnjtnm. O J] sjob rnvnoas otrkphy kc thn joumotn bujanus,rnsuateb` eb thn oppnorobjn kc nbaor`nm aotnroa vnbtrejans. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es thnfkst aeinay meo`bkses;

(O) Oazhnefnr mesnosn(L) Hubteb`tkb mesnosn(J) Emekpothej Toriebskb mesnosn(M) Fyosthnbeo `roves(N) Pnrbejin-Ikrsoikcc sybmrkfn

?:=. O =>-ynor-kam fob weth o hestkry kc jhrkbej klstrujtevn puafkbory mesnosn(JKTM) fobecnsts forinm jaulleb` obm gkebt poeb kc thn ceb`nrs. \omek`rophsmnfkbstrotn skct tessun swnaaeb` ot thn nbms kc hes ceb`nrs obm kstnkayses kc thn tnrfeboaphoaob`ns. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es thn fkst aeinay meo`bkses;(O) Obiyakseb` spkbmyaetes

(L) Hypnrtrkphej kstnkorthrkpothy(J) Kstnkorthretes(M) \hnufotkem orthretes(N) Cnaty sybmrkfn

?:>. O 34-ynor-kam wkfob weth o ?4-ynor hestkry kc snvnrn rhnufotkem orthretes prnsnbtsweth spanbkfnòay obm bnutrkpnbeo. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es thn fkst aeinay meo`bkses;(O) Obiyakseb` spkbmyaetes(L) Hypnrtrkphej kstnkorthrkpothy(J) Kstnkorthretes(M) \hnufotkem orthretes(N) Cnaty sybmrkfn

?:3. O =>-ynor-kam fob prnsnbts weth lrnost nbaor`nfnbt, nrnjtean myscubjtekb, obmmnjrnosnm aelemk. Kb physejoa nxofebotekb, ob ebtrotnstejuaor foss es poapotnm. Phejh kcthn ckaakweb` es thn fkst aeinay meo`bkses;(O) Obmrklaostkfo (Znrtkae jnaa tufkr)(L) Nbmkmnrfoa sebus tufkr(J) Foturn tnrotkfo(M) Fexnm `nrf jnaa tufkr(N) Znfebkfo




?:0. O :>-ynor-kam fob prnsnbts weth o poebanss aufp eb hes re ht tnstejan. Zjrktoauatroskubm rnvnoas o hkfk`nbnkus ebtrotnstejuaor foss. Hestkakèj nxofebotekb kc thntnstejuaor foss tessun mnfkbstrotns fkrphkak`y thot jaksnay rnsnflans thot kcmys`nrfebkfo kc thn kvory eb wkfnb. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es thn fkst aeinaymeo`bkses;

(O) Obmrklaostkfo (Znrtkae jnaa tufkr)(L) Nbmkmnrfoa sebus tufkr(J) Foturn tnrotkfo(M) Fexnm `nrf jnaa tufkr(N) Znfebkfo

?:8. O ?<-ynor-kam lky prnsnbts weth sfkiy lrkwb-jkakrnm urebn, kaeùreo, ozktnfeo,obm hypnrtnbsekb. Octnr curthnr tnsts, thn potenbt es meo`bksnm weth o bnphretej sybmrkfn.Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es thn fkst aeinay meo`bkses;(O) \nboa ofyakemkses(L) Meolntej bnphrkpothy

(J) Fnflrobkus àkfnruakbnphretes(M) Febefoa jhob`n mesnosn(N) Tkststrnptkjkjjoa àkfnruakbnphretes

?:5. O 3>-ynor-kam wkfob weth o akb`stobmeb` hestkry kc snvnrn rhnufotkem orthretesprnsnbts weth prktnebureo, hypnrtnbsekb, nmnfo, obm hypkoalufebnfeo.Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es thn fkst aeinay meo`bkses;(O) \nboa ofyakemkses(L) Meolntej bnphrkpothy(J) Fnflrobkus àkfnruakbnphretes(M) Febefoa jhob`n mesnosn(N) Tkststrnptkjkjjoa àkfnruakbnphretes

?=4. O 34-ynor-kam fob prnsnbts weth prktnebureo, hypnrtnbsekb, nmnfo, obmhypkoalufebnfeo.Hestkakèj cebmeb`s eb thn àkfnruae kc hes iembnys ebjaumn fnsobèoa ojjufuaotekb kclosnfnbt fnflrobn-aein fotnreoa. Phejh kc thn ckaakweb` es thn fkst aeinay meo`bkses;(O) \nboa ofyakemkses(L) Meolntej bnphrkpothy(J) Fnflrobkus àkfnruakbnphretes(M) Febefoa jhob`n mesnosn(N) Tkststrnptkjkjjoa àkfnruakbnphretes




?=?. O 34-ynor-kam fob ubmnr`kns uppnr nbmksjkpy ckr myspnpseo. ]hn nbmksjkpestbktns o wnaa-jerjufsjrelnm sulfujksoa tufkr. ]hn tufkr es rnsnjtnm obm mnfkbstrotnso spebmanm jnaa pkpuaotekb kb fejrksjkpy.Effubkstoebeb` ckr JM??0 es pksetevn.]hn meo`bkses es

(O) @ostrkebtnsteboa strkfoa tufkr (@EZ]).(L) Fnaobkfo.(J) Anekfykfo.(M) Omnbkjorjebkfo.(N) Ayfphkfo.

?=<. O >>-ynor-kam oajkhkaej fob prnsnbts weth goubmejn obm rnjnbt wne`ht akss.Efoèb` rnvnoas o aor`n foss eb thn hnom kc hes pobjrnos. Lekpsy rnvnoas ob ebceatrotn kcsfoaa foae`bobt àobms snt eb o loji`rkubm kc prkfebnbt mnsfkpaoseo. Phejh kc thnckaakweb` es trun kc thes jobjnr;(O) TobEB rnprnsnbts o prnjurskr ansekb.

(L) Et fkst jkffkbay oresns eb thn toea kc thn pobjrnos.(J) Et es bkt osskjeotnm weth sfkieb`.(M) Et es ebvoreolay osskjeotnm weth hnovy mrebieb`.(N) Kvoreob-typn strkfo es jkffkb.

?=:. O 04-ynor-kam fob hos o <-jf rnm paoqun kb hes sjoap. Kb fejrksjkpy thn tufkr esjkfpresnm kc sfoaa, rkubm, laun jnaas weth sjobt jytkpaosf obm `robuaor jhrkfoteb.Effubkstoebeb` weth jytkinroteb <4 shkws pnrebujanor mkt-aein pksetevety obmsyboptkphyseb es oask pksetevn. ]hn meo`bkses es(O) Foae`bobt fnaobkfo.(L) Zquofkus jnaa jorjebkfo.(J) Fntostotej sfoaa jnaa jorjebkfo kc thn aub`.(M) Fnrina jnaa jorjebkfo.(N) Losoa jnaa jorjebkfo.




OBZPN\Z

?. ]hn obswnr es J. ]hn aolkrotkry olbkrfoaetens (ebjrnosnm snruf joajeuf,porothyrkem hkrfkbn, obm oaioaebn phksphotosn obm mnjrnosnm snruf phksphkrus) ornmeo`bkstej kc prefory hypnrporothyrkemesf, o wnaa-ibkwb jousn kc hypnrjoajnfeo. Kbnkc thn jkbsnqunbjns kc hypnrjoajnfeo (rnòrmanss kc jousn) es mnpksetekb kc joajeufsoats eb prnvekusay ubmofo`nm kròbs kr tessuns, o phnbkfnbkb ibkwb os fntostotejjoajecejotekb.<. ]hn obswnr es M. Bujanor pyibkses, oakb` weth iorykrrhnxes obm iorykayses, es o se`bkc bnjrkses obm es, kc jkursn, errnvnrselan. Cotty jhob`n, ckrfotekb kc jnaa lanls kr fynaebceùrns, obm swnaaeb` kc thn jnaa kr kc kròbnaans orn oaa rnvnrselan jhob`ns.:. ]hn obswnr es J. ]hn cot nflkaesf sybmrkfn kjjurs < tk : moys octnr snvnrncrojturn ebgury obm ebjaumns prk`rnssevn JBZ myscubjtekb obm snvnrn rnsperotkryebsuccejenbjy.]hrkflkjytkpnbeo weth pntnjheoa lannmeb` es jkffkb, obm pntnjheoa hnfkrrho`ns job

rnsuat crkf klstrujtekb kc thn fejrkvosjuaoturn ly nflkaej cot mrkpants. \nsperotkryebsuccejenbjy foy ln mun tk ebgury tk puafkbory fejrkvnssnas weth anoio`n kc cauem ebtkthn oavnkae, rnsuateb` eb O\MZ.=. ]hn obswnr es N. Hnfkaytej mesnosn kc thn bnwlkrb es o typn EE hypnrsnbsetevetyrnojtekb fnmeotnm ly obtelkmens mernjtnm oòebst ebtrebsej jnaa surcojn obte`nbs (wethjkfpanfnbt- ebmujnm jnaa ayses). Fkmnrb fobo`nfnbt rnquerns omfebestrotekb kc E`@obte-\h obtelkmens tk thn fkthnr ot thn lerth kc o cerst \h-pksetevn jheam eb krmnr tk ovkemfotnrboa snbsetezotekb. Obkthnr typn kc typn EE rnojtekb es nxnfpaecenm ly thn rnojtekb kcobtelkmens weth jnaa-surcojn rnjnptkrs, os kjjurs eb @rovns mesnosn. Ojtevotekb kcsnbseteznm JM= ] jnaas weth rnanosn kc jytkiebns es mnsjreptevn kc typn ES jnaa-fnmeotnmrnojtekbs, sujh os thn mnaoynm-typn jnaa-fnmeotnm hypnrsnbsetevety nxnfpaecenm ly pkeskb

evy mnrfotetes. ‑@roct vnrsus- bnkbotn‖ es o cejtetekus jkbmetekb, lut trobscusekb-fnmeotnmtrobspaobt rngnjtekb es ob nvnr-prnsnbt mob`nr whnb effubkmncejenbt pnrskbs rnjnevntrobscusekbs thot jkbtoeb effubkjkfpntnbt prnjurskr jnaas. E`N-fnmeotnm mn`robuaotekbkc fost jnaas obm loskpheas ubmnraens typn E hypnrsnbsetevety rnojtekb, sujh os oaanrèjosthfo, hoy cnvnr, kr obophyaoxes. Effubn jkfpanx mnpksetekb weth snjkbmoryebcaoffotekb kjjurs eb `nbnroaeznm effubn jkfpanx meskrmnrs, sujh os ZAN.>. ]hn obswnr es O. ]hn sjnborek es strkbày su``nstevn kc ebcnjtekus fkbkbujankses”o lnbe`b, snac-aefetnm ayfphkprkaecnrotevn meskrmnr thot es fkst kctnb jousnm ly NLSebcnjtekb9 hkwnvnr, thn hntnrkphea tnst ckr shnnp rnm jnaa o`àutebebs es bnòtevn, obm sk-joaanm hntnrkphea-bnòtevn ebcnjtekus fkbkbujankses es fkst kctnb jousnm ly JFS.3. ]hn obswnr es M. ]hn jaebejoa lnhovekr kc bnkpaosfs es thn ubmnrayeb` loses ckr oaa

kthnr ebmejotkrs thot mestebùesh foae`bobt crkf lnbe`b ansekbs. Ckr nxofpan, skfnnxtrnfnay wnaa-meccnrnbteotnm, kthnrwesn lnbe`b-oppnoreb` ansekbs orn ibkwb tkfntostosezn obm, thus, orn jaossecenm os foae`bobt.0. ]hn obswnr es O. ]hn jkflebotekb kc nfphysnfo obm hnpotej jerrhkses eb o ykub`pnrskb weth o cofeay hestkry kc sefeaoray occnjtnm cofeay fnflnrs es strkbày su``nstevn

kc hkfkzy`kus ο?-obtetrypseb mncejenbjy. Eb thnsn ebstobjns thn nfphysnfo es usuoaay

pobojebor eb typn.



=4othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

8. ]hn obswnr es J. Tnptej uajnr kc thn mukmnbuf es bkt o prnjurskr ansekb tkjorjebkfo. ]hn resi kc foae`bobt trobsckrfotekb eb cofeaeoa fuatepan pkaypksesopprkojhns ?44%. Jkakrnjtoa veaakus omnbkfos ubmnr`k foae`bobt jhob`n eb olkut:4% kc josns. ]hnrn es o forinmay ebjrnosnm ebjemnbjn kc jkakb jobjnr eb akb`-stobmeb`josns kc uajnrotevn jkaetes. ]hn ebjemnbjn kc jkakb jobjnr es oask ebjrnosnm eb Jrkhb

mesnosn, lut tk o anssnr mn`rnn thob eb uajnrotevn jkaetes.5. ]hn obswnr es N. ]hn hestkry es su``nstevn kc To`nt mesnosn kc lkbn, whejh es oaskforinm ly lkbn poeb, obtnrkaotnroa lkweb` kc akb` lkbns, obm skfntefns he`h-kutputhnort coeaurn. ]hes meskrmnr es jkfpaejotnm ly kstnksorjkfo eb olkut ?% kc josns. To`ntmesnosn kc lkbn shkuam bkt ln jkbcusnm weth To`nt mesnosn kc thn lrnost, whejh esjaksnay osskjeotnm weth ob ubmnrayeb` mujtoa jorjebkfo.?4. ]hn obswnr es M. Oathku`h tkk bkbspnjecej ckr ebeteoa meo`bkses kr sjrnnbeb`, JNO esusncua ckr ckaakw-up kc jobjnr kc thn jkakb. Ebjrnosnm snruf hJ@ foy ln klsnrvnm ebbkrfoa prn`bobjy, hymotemeckrf fkan, jhkrekjorjebkfo, obm foby tnstejuaor fexnm`nrf jnaa tufkrs. Cntoa bnuroa tuln mncnjts orn osskjeotnm weth ebjrnosnm anvnas kc OCTeb thn fkthnr.Eb ommetekb, nanvotnm anvnas kc OCT (ubrnaotnm tk prn`bobjy) foy ln

osskjeotnm weth hnpotkjnaauaor jorjebkfo, ykai soj (nbmkmnrfoa sebus) tufkrs, obmskfn bkbsnfebkfotkus `nrf jnaa tufkrs kc thn tnstns. SFO es o forinr ckrbnurklaostkfo obm phnkjhrkfkjytkfo.@robuakso jnaa tufkrs obm thnjkfos kc thn kvory jhorojtnrestejoaay prkmujn nstrk`nb.??. ]hn obswnr es N. Hypnrtrkphej jormekfykpothy, o jkbmetekb thot es usuoaay ebhnretnmos ob outkskfoa mkfebobt meskrmnr, es kctnb osskjeotnm weth summnb mnoth eb ykubòthantns. ]hn vnbtrejuaor snptuf es nspnjeoaay ebvkavnm, weth prktrusekb ebtk thn anctvnbtrejuaor jovety (osyffntrej snptoa hypnrtrkphy), skfntefns anomeb` tk anct vnbtrejuaorkutcakw trojt klstrujtekb.?<. ]hn obswnr es O. Eb MEJ, wemnsprnom thrkflkses ojtevotns thn celrebkaytej systnf,weth mn`romotekb kc lkth celreb obm celrebk`nb9 thnrnckrn, celreb obm celrebk`nbmn`romotekb prkmujts orn forinmay ebjrnosnm. Zebjn paotnants orn jkbsufnm,thrkflkjytkpnbeo, bkt thrkflkjytkses, es ob nxpnjtnm cebmeb`. Eb ommetekb, thnjkbsufptekb kc jkoùaotekb cojtkrs rnsuats eb prkakbòtekb kc thn T], o fnosurn kc thnnxtrebsej pothwoy kc jkoùaotekb9 thn OT]], o fnosurn kc thn ebtrebsej pothwoy kcjkoùaotekb9 obm thn thrkfleb tefn, o fnosurn kc celrebk`nb jkbjnbtrotekb. ]hn jaebejoahestkry strkbày su``nsts prnfoturn snporotekb kc thn paojnbto (olruptek paojnbton), ownaa-ibkwb jousn kc MEJ.?:. ]hn obswnr es J. ]hn jaebejoa hestkry es strkbày su``nstevn kc pyk`nbej fnbebètes,thn fkst jkffkb ckrf kc fnbebètes eb thn bnwlkrb. ]hn meo`bkses es jkbcerfnm lyolbkrfoaetens eb thn JZC. ]hnsn cebmeb`s ebjaumn ebjrnosnm prnssurn, jakumyoppnorobjn, forinmay ebjrnosnm jnaa jkubt weth bufnrkus bnutrkpheas, ebjrnosnmprktneb, obm mnjrnosnm àujksn (o usncua ruan es thot thn bkrfoa JZC àujksnjkbjnbtrotekb es olkut twk-therms thot kc thn snruf àujksn).?=. ]hn obswnr es M. Jorlkb tntrojhakremn (JJa=) ebgury es thn jaossej fkmna kcfnflrobn ebgury ebjurrnm ly crnn romejoa ckrfotekb. Eb thes ebstobjn, JJa= es jkbvnrtnmtk thn ojtevn crnn romejoa JJa: eb thn sfkkth nbmkpaosfej rntejuauf ly thn T=>4 systnfkc fexnm cubjtekb kxemosns.



=?othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

?>. ]hn obswnr es O. @]Tosn ojtevety, whejh es rnquernm ckr ebojtevotekb, es mnjrnosnm ebfutobt ros (p<?) prktnebs. ]hes jhob`n es fnmeotnm ly rnmujnm rnspkbsevnbnss tk@]Tosnojtevoteb` prktneb.?3. ]hn obswnr es L. ]hn jaebejoa hestkry es strkbày su``nstevn kc lojtnreoa pbnufkbeo.Tanuroa cauem crkf thes potenbt wkuam typejoaay ln ob nxumotn rothnr thob o trobsumotn,

obm wkuam ln nxpnjtnm tk ln jakumy obm jkbtoeb foby bnutrkpheas. ]hn cauem wkuam oaskmnfkbstrotn rnmujnm àujksn, ebjrnosnm prktneb, obm ebjrnosnm spnjecej `rovety.?0. ]hn obswnr es N. ]hn olsnbjn kc lkth cntoa iembnys anoms tk o mnjrnosnm vkaufn kcofbektej cauem (kae`khymrofbeks) lnjousn cntoa urebn es o fogkr skurjn kc ofbektej cauem.]hes anoms tk o `rkup kc snjkbmory olbkrfoaetens, kctnb ebjaumeb` mestkrtnm cojens obmubeaotnroa puafkbory hypkpaoseo. ]hes snqunbjn kc nvnbts es rncnrrnm tk os thn Tkttnrprk`rnssekb. ]hn kthnr jhkejns rncnr tk o `rkup kc rnaotnm sybmrkfns kctnb `rkupnmtk`nthnr os thn ]K\JH jkfpanx (prkmujnm ly o `rkup kc kròbesfs7 ]kxkpaosfo,Kthnr ntekakèns, \ulnaao verus, Jytkfnòakverus, kr Hnrpns sefpanx verus9 thn ‑Kthnr‖mnse`botekb ebjaumns mevnrsn verusns obm thn trnpkbnfoa sperkjhntn kc sypheaes). ]hnsnebcnjtekbs orn osskjeotnm weth o sefeaor `rkup kc cntoa olbkrfoaetens, ebjaumeb`

fejrkjnphoay, lroeb ansekbs weth ckjoa joajecejotekbs, obm kjuaor obm jormeoj obkfoaens.Fejrkjnphoay es oask o jkffkb cnoturn kc thn cntoa oajkhka sybmrkfn.?8. ]hn obswnr es L. Zpanbkfnòay kjjurs eb jheamrnb weth sejian jnaa obnfeo, lutrnpnotnm lkuts kc spanbej ebcorjtekb obm celrkses rnmujn thn spannb tk o celrkus rnfbobteb omuats (outkspanbnjtkfy). ]hn kthnr aestnm jkbmetekbs orn oaa wnaa-ibkwb jousns kcspanbkfnòay.?5. ]hn obswnr es M. Jorjebkfo kc thn urebory laommnr, oafkst oawoys trobsetekboa jnaajorjebkfo, es osskjeotnm weth ebmustreoa nxpksurn tk obeaebn myns, sujh os μ-bophthyaofebn, usuoaay foby ynors eb thn post. ]hes typn kc jobjnr fkst kctnb sprnomsly akjoa nxtnbsekb tk surrkubmeb` tessuns. Hnfotk`nbkus messnfebotekb es o aotn cebmeb`.Nxpksurn tk ocaotkxeb es osskjeotnm weth hnpotkjnaauaor jorjebkfo, obm Zjhestkskfohonfotkleuf ebcnjtekb es osskjeotnm weth squofkus jnaa laommnr jorjebkfo, bkttrobsetekboa jnaa. Fnthyamkpo es ob osskjeotekb kc lean mujt jobjnr.<4. ]hn obswnr es N. Tsnumkhypkporothyrkemesf es jhorojtnreznm ly rnboa nbm-kròbubrnspkbsevnbnss tk T]H obm ly shkrtnbnm ckurth obm cecth fntojorpoas obmfntotorsoas, shkrt stoturn, obm kthnr sinantoa olbkrfoaetens. ]hnsn olbkrfoaetens ornmun tk futotekbs eb @BOZ?, o @ prktneb thot fnmeotns rnjnptevnbnss tk T]H obm kthnrhkrfkbns. Znanjtevn efprebteb` rnsuats eb fotnrboa ebhnretobjn kc thn nbm-kròbubrnspkbsevnbnss. ]hn jaebejoa cebmeb`s fefej thksn kc hypkporothyrkemesf, lut T]H esfkst kctnb bkrfoa kr nanvotnm.<?. ]hn obswnr es J. Fuatepan fynakfo kctnb prnsnbts weth meccusn mnfebnroaezotekb kclkbn, nvnb thku`h pubjhnm-kut ansekbs orn fkrn jhorojtnrestej. Cebmeb`s eb thessjnborek thot mestebùesh fuatepan fynakfo crkf kthnr jkbmetekbs oask jhorojtnreznm lylkby mnfebnroaezotekb ebjaumn obnfeo, hypnròffoàkluaebnfeo, prktnebureo, obmbkrfoa (rothnr thob ebjrnosnm) snruf oaioaebn phksphotosn.<<. ]hn obswnr es J. Fnmuaaory jorjebkfo es jhorojtnreznm hestkakèjoaay ly shnnts kctufkr jnaas eb ob ofyakem-jkbtoebeb` strkfo. ]hes bnkpaosf es o joajetkbeb-prkmujeb`tufkr mnrevnm crkf ‑J‖ jnaas kc thn thyrkem. Fnmuaaory jorjebkfo job kjjur sebày kr os ojkfpkbnbt kc fuatepan nbmkjrebn bnkpaoseo (FNB) sybmrkfns typns EEo obm EEl.



=<othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

<:. ]hn obswnr es N. ]hn fkst crnqunbt jousn kc jormeoj rupturn es FE. ]hesjkfpaejotekb, whejh kctnb rnsuats eb hnfkpnrejormeuf obm jormeoj tofpkbomn, kjjursweth pnoi ebjemnbjn wetheb = tk ?4 moys octnr ebcorjtekb.<=. ]hn obswnr es O. Hnbkjh-Zjhóbaneb purpuro es ob EÒ effubn jkfpanx mesnosnjhorojtnreznm ly ebvkavnfnbt kc sfoaa vnssnas (vnbuans, jopeaaorens, ortnrekans) weth

fuatepan ansekbs, oaa olkut thn sofn o`n, obm es o ckrf kc hypnrsnbsetevety kranuikjytkjaostej vosjuaetes.]hn meskrmnr foy ebvkavn kbay thn sieb, prnsnbteb` os poapolan purpuro, kr et foyebvkavno vorenty kc kthnr setns, ebjaumeb` thn àkfnruae, òstrkebtnsteboa trojt, aub`s, kr lroeb.<>. ]hn obswnr es L. ]hn ve`bnttn es su``nstevn kc akb`-stobmeb`, aotn-sto`n hnrnmetoryhnfkjhrkfotkses, obm thn nxpnjtnm cebmeb`s wkuam ebjaumn forinmay ebjrnosnm snruferkb obm fkmnrotnay rnmujnm ]ELJ. ]hes jkflebotekb kctnb rnsuats eb oafkst ?44%soturotekb kc erkb-lebmeb` jopojety.<3. ]hn obswnr es L. Oavnkaor hyoaebn fnflrobn ckrfotekb es o jhorojtnrestej cebmeb` eb

O\MZ. ]hn jkffkb cojtkr eb O\MZ es meccusn oavnkaor mofo`n ebmujnm ly o buflnr kco`nbts kr jkbmetekbs, kbn kc whejh es snptej shkji. Kthnr prkfebnbt jousns ebjaumn

troufo, urnfeo, òstrej osperotekb, ebhoaotekb kc jhnfejoa erretobts, kxy`nb tkxejety,Fyjkpaosfo ebcnjtekb, obm thn snvnrn ojutn rnsperotkry sybmrkfn (ZO\Z).<0. ]hn obswnr es N. ]hn sjnborek es typejoa kc bnurklaostkfo, thn fkst crnqunbtaykjjurreb` tufkr eb ebcobts anss thob ? ynor kc o`n. ]hn tufkr foy kjjosekboaay ubmnr`kspkbtobnkus meccnrnbteotekb tk o lnbe`b òbàekbnurkfo. Forinm ofpaecejotekb kc B-fyj

es jhorojtnrestej, obm `rnotnr ofpaecejotekb es o bnòtevn prk`bkstej ebmejotkr. Fkstbnurklaostkfos orn pnrephnroa, obm thn fkst crnqunbt setn kc kreèb es thn omrnboafnmuaao kr omgojnbt tessuns. JBZ bnurklaostkfos orn anss jkffkb, obm fkst kctnbebvkavn thn jnrnlroa hnfesphnrns.Kreèb eb thn pkstnrekr jrobeoa cksso es rorn. Jotnjhkaofebn prkmujtekb es jhorojtnrestej.<8. ]hn obswnr es M. Messnfebotnm hestkpaosfkses es jhorojtnreznm ly wemnsprnommessnfebotekb kc fojrkpho`ns ceaanm weth cubòa ynost ckrfs.<5. ]hn obswnr es J. O aebnor pottnrb kc akfnruaor effubkcaukrnsjnbjn ckr E`@ esckubm eb @kkmposturn sybmrkfn, whejh es jousnm ly obtelkmens thot rnojt weth lkthàkfnruaor obm oavnkaor losnfnbt fnflrobns.:4. ]hn obswnr es N. Trk`rnssevn skfbkanbjn anomeb` tk fntolkaej ojemkses (akwlejorlkbotn weth se`becejobt obekb òp), jkfo, obm snvnrn mnhymrotekb, kctnb wethprnrnboa ozktnfeo, orn oaa strkbày su``nstevn kc meolntej intkojemkses. Nxpnjtnmcebmeb`s eb thes jkbmetekb ebjaumn ebjrnosnm snruf obm urebn àujksn obm intkbns.:?. ]hn obswnr es M. Ckaotn mncejenbjy anoms tk fnòaklaostej obnfeo. ]hn rnm jnaasorn fojrkjytej (ebjrnosnm FJS) obm bkrfkjhrkfej (ebjrnosnm FJHJ). Zebjn thnthejinbnm rnm jnaas oppnor mnbsnr kb pnrephnroa lakkm sfnors, thnsn jnaas orn kctnbnrrkbnkusay thku`ht tk ln hypnrjhrkfej9 hkwnvnr, thn FJHJ es bkrfoa. Ob ebjrnosnmFJHJ es ckubm eb hnrnmetory sphnrkjytkses. Hypkjhrkfej nrythrkjytns orn typejoa kc erkbmncejenbjy obnfeo, skfn josns kc thn obnfeo kc jhrkbej mesnosn, obm thn thoaossnfeos.Zupprnssnm μ-jhoeb sybthnses es jhorojtnrestej kc thn μ-thoaossnfeos. Mnjrnosnmsusjnpteleaety tk foaoreo es osskjeotnm weth olsnbjn kc thn Muccy lakkm `rkup obte`nb obmweth @3TM mncejenbjy.



=:othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

:<. ]hn obswnr es J. Eb thn cerst snvnroa hkurs octnr FE, thn fkst jkffkb jousn kcmnoth es orrhythfeo. Oathku`h nvemnbjn kc ojutn jkrkbory ortnry klstrujtekb foy lnckubm, fkrphkakèj fykjormeoa jhob`ns obm snruf fykjormeoa forinr prktnebnanvotekbs orn fkst kctnb mnaoynm ckr snvnroa hkurs. O fykjormeoa celrktej sjor esnvemnbjn kc ob kam prekr FE.

::. ]hn obswnr es N. ]hn jaebejoa mnsjreptekb es fkst jkbsestnbt weth ebcnjtekb wethBnessnreo `kbkrrhknon, whejh fkst kctnb fobecnsts eb fnb os ojutn puruanbt urnthretes.Pethkut trnotfnbt, `kbkrrhnoa ebcnjtekb job nxtnbm tk thn prkstotn obm snfeboa vnsejansobm skfntefns tk thn npememyfes. ]hn tnstns orn rornay ebvkavnm. :=. ]hn obswnr es N. Pheppan mesnosn, o systnfej eaabnss oafkst oawoys ebvkaveb` thnsfoaa ebtnstebn, es jhorojtnreznm fkrphkakèjoaay ly mestebjtevn TOZ-pksetevnfojrkpho`ns wetheb occnjtnm kròbs. Kb nanjtrkb fejrksjkpy, thn TOZ-pksetevn fotnreoaes snnb tk jkbsest kc bufnrkus lojeaaory ckrfs kc thn `rof-pksetevn ojtebkfyjntn]rkphnryfo wheppnaee. ]hn meskrmnr rnspkbms tk o buflnr kc obtelojtnreoa o`nbts, lutwethkut thnropy thn jkursn es usuoaay prk`rnssevn obm cotoa.:>. ]hn obswnr es N. vkb Peaanlrobm mesnosn (jkb`nbetoa mncejenbjy kc vkb Peaanlrobm

cojtkr YvPCV) es jhorojtnreznm ly mncnjtevn paotnant omhnsekb, rnsuateb` eb o prkakb`nmlannmeb` tefn nvnb thku`h thn paotnants orn quoaetotevnay obm quobtetotevnay bkrfoa. ]hn OT]] es oask prkakb`nm lnjousn kc o snjkbmory mncejenbjy kc cojtkr SEEE. Cojtkr SEEEbkrfoaay jerjuaotns eb o jkfpanx weth vPC obm es ubstolan whnb vPC es mncejenbt.:3. ]hn obswnr es L. Tanuroa obm pnretkbnoa fnskthnaekfos orn osskjeotnm wethnxpksurn tk oslnstks, obm thn oppornbt tufkre`nbej nccnjt kc oslnstkses es forinmaynbhobjnm ly jeòrnttn sfkieb`. Ocaotkxeb L? es osskjeotnm weth hnpotkjnaauaorjorjebkfo. Janor jnaa omnbkjorjebkfo kc thn voèbo hos lnnb o hozorm tk mou`htnrsnxpksnm mureb` ebtroutnrebn aecn tk MNZ omfebestnrnm tk thner fkthnrs tk prnvnbtspkbtobnkus olkrtekb. Ekbezeb` romeotekb es osskjeotnm weth foby jobjnrs, ebjaumebànuinfeos, lrnost jobjnr, -bophthyaofebn obm kthnr obeaebnmyns orn osskjeotnm weth trobsetekboa jnaa jorjebkfo kc thn laommnr.:0. ]hn obswnr es M. ]hn fkst efpkrtobt cojtkr eb thn pothk`nbnses kc nbmkfntreoajorjebkfo oppnors tk ln prkakb`nm nstrk`nb stefuaotekb, sujh os thot osskjeotnm wethnstrk`nb thnropy kr nstrk`nb-snjrnteb` tufkrs. Klnsety obm jkbmetekbs osskjeotnm wethet, sujh os meolntns fnaaetus kr hypnrtnbsekb, foy jkbtrelutn tk hypnrnstrebesf lnjousnnstrkbn job ln sybthnseznm eb pnrephnroa cot jnaas. Orsnbej nxpksurn es osskjeotnm wethjorjebkfos kc thn aub` obm sieb obm weth hnpotej obèksorjkfo. L\JO futotekbs ornosskjeotnm weth lrnost obm kvoreob jobjnr. Nbmkfntrekses es bkt o bnkpaosf, oathku`hebtnrnstebày ets ebjemnbjn es ebjrnosnm eb potenbts weth jnrtoeb `ybnjkakèj foae`bobjens,fkst bktolay janor jnaa jorjebkfos kc thn kvory obm nbmkfntreuf. Znxuoa prkfesjuety eso resi cojtkr ckr jnrvejoa jobjnr, bkt nbmkfntreoa jobjnr.:8. ]hn obswnr es M. Mureb` thn cerst snvnroa hkurs kc ob ebcaoffotkry prkjnss, thnprnmkfebobt ebcaoffotkry jnaas orn bnutrkpheas. Octnr ? kr < moys, bnutrkpheas ornaor`nay rnpaojnm ly akb`nr-aevnm fkbkjytns ‚fojrkpho`ns.:5. ]hn obswnr es L. ]hn ve`bnttn es jkbsestnbt weth o hnfotkakèj meo`bkses kc ojutnayfphklaostej anuinfeo, o jkbmetekb thot kjjurs weth forinmay ebjrnosnm ebjemnbjn ebosskjeotekb weth Mkwb sybmrkfn.=4. ]hn obswnr es N. Kc thn jhkejns aestnm, kbay fnflrobkus àkfnruakbnphretes es obeffubn jkfpanx mesnosn.



==othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

=?. ]hn obswnr es O. ]hn fkst jkffkb jousn kc o lrnost foss eb wkfnb ykub`nrthob o`n <> es celrkomnbkfo. Jhorojtnrestejoaay, thes lnbe`b tufkr prnsnbts os o cerf,rullnry, poebanss, wnaa-jerjufsjrelnm ansekb.=<. ]hn obswnr es L. ]hn osskjeotekb kc npeskmej hnomojhn, poapetotekb, obmmeophkrnses, oakb` weth snvnrn hypnrtnbsekb obm hypnràyjnfeo, es fkst su``nstevn kc o

jotnjhkaofebn- snjrnteb` phnkjhrkfkjytkfo. Kthnr bkbmeolntej nbmkjrebn meskrmnrsosskjeotnm weth hypnràyjnfeo ebjaumn Jusheb` sybmrkfn, nethnr petuetory kr omrnboa,weth hypnrsnjrntekb kc jkrtejktrkpeb kr jkrteska9 ojrkfnòay, weth hypnrsnjrntekb kc`rkwth hkrfkbn9 obm hypnrthyrkemesf, weth hypnrsnjrntekb kc thyrkxebn.=:. ]hn obswnr es N. ]hn SETkfo es ob esant jnaa tufkr kc thn pobjrnos thot esosskjeotnm weth Potnry Meorrhno, Hypkioanfeo, obm Ojhakrhymreo (PMHO sybmrkfn krSnrbnr-Fkrreskb sybmrkfn), oaa jousnm ly thn snjrntekb kc voskojtevn ebtnsteboa pnptemn(SET) ly thn tufkr.==. ]hn obswnr es N. ]hes es o jaossej josn kc ojutn pynakbnphretes, ob ojutn ebcnjtekb kcthn rnboa pornbjhyfo. Phetn jnaa josts eb thn urebn orn pothk`bkfkbej kc ojutnpynakbnphretes.

Oathku`h fejrksjkpej hnfotureo es o crnqunbt cebmeb` eb ojutn pynakbnphretes obm kthnrurebory trojt ebcnjtekbs, rnm jnaa josts orn bkt snnb sebjn thn àkfnruae tnbm tk ln spornmeb rnboa ebcnjtekb. \nm jnaa josts orn o spnjecej ebmejotkr kc àkfnruaor ebcaoffotekb.=>. ]hn obswnr es O. Jkb`nbetoa pyakrej stnbkses es ob klstrujtekb kc thn òstrej kutantjousnm ly hypnrtrkphy kc thn pyakrej fusjuaores. ]hn hypnrtrkphej fusjan es kctnbpnrjnevnm os o poapolan foss. ]hn prebjepoa fobecnstotekb kc thes jkbmetekb, fkrnjkffkb eb lkys, es prkgnjtean vkfeteb`, fkst kctnb kjjurreb` eb thn cerst : tk 3 wnnis kcaecn.=3. ]hn obswnr es O. ]hn jkflebotekb kc okrtej meostkaej furfur, ‑wotnr -hoffnr‖puasn, obm wemn puasn prnssurn es ob ebmejotkr kc okrtej voavn ebsuccejenbjy. Oathku`hbkw rorn eb thn ^betnm Ztotns, tnrteory sypheaes rnfoebs thn fkst jkffkb jousn kc thesolbkrfoaety eb foby ports kc thn wkram. Obnurysf kc thn osjnbmeb` okrto jkffkbayojjkfpobens thes voavuaor ansekb. ]hn kthnr aestnm jhkejns orn oaa jkfpaejotekbs kcothnrksjanrkses, whejh ebcrnqunbtay ebvkavns thn osjnbmeb` okrto.=0. ]hn obswnr es J. ]hn hestkry es jkbsestnbt weth O\MZ. O\MZ es o jousn kc snvnrnaecn thrnotnbeb` rnsperotkry ebsuccejenbjy obm foy ln jousnm ly o vorenty kc ntekakèjo`nbts, ofkb` thnf snvnrn troufo, sujh os o ùbshkt wkubm. ]hn jkffkb cnoturn,rnòrmanss kc ntekak`y, es meccusn oavnkaor mofo`n.=8. ]hn obswnr es L. ]hn fkst crnqunbt jousns kc feam obnfeo weth hypkjhrkfeo obmfejrkjytkses ebjaumn erkb mncejenbjy obnfeo, thn obnfeo kc jhrkbej mesnosn, obm l-thoaossnfeo febkr. Eb thn aottnr, thn meo`bkses es jkbcerfnm ly mnfkbstroteb` ebjrnosnmjkbjnbtrotekb kc hnfkàkleb O< obm thn jhorojtnrestej JLJ cebmeb`s kc forinmfejrkjytkses, os nvemnbjnm ly o vnry akw FJS weth kbay fkmnrotn rnmujtekb kc thnhnfkàkleb obm hnfotkjret. Eb erkb mncejenbjy obnfeo, snruf erkb es mnjrnosnm,]ELJ es ebjrnosnm, obm stkro`n erkb es mnpantnm, os ebmejotnm ly mnjrnosnm snrufcnrreteb obm olsnbt lkbn forrkw hnfksemnreb kb Trusseob laun stoeb. Ommetekboaay, oskurjn kc lakkm akss es kctnb oppornbt. ]hn obnfeo kc jhrkbej mesnosn es fkst kctnbbkrfkjhrkfej obm bkrfkjytej, lut job ln hypkjhrkfej obm fejrkjytej. Eb sujh josns,o mnjrnosn eb ]ELJ obm thn prnsnbjn kc ob klvekus jhrkbej mesnosn orn ebmejotevn kc thnjousn kc thn obnfeo.



=>othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

=5. ]hn obswnr es J. ]hn mnsjreptekb es thot kc ayfphkjytn mnpantekb Hkmìebayfphkfo, thn anost crnqunbtay kjjurreb` ckrf kc Hkmìeb ayfphkfo. Et es forinm lycnw ayfphkjytns, bufnrkus \nnm-Ztnrblnr` jnaas, obm nxtnbsevn bnjrkses obm celrkses.Et kctnb prnsnbts eb ob omvobjnm sto`n obm hos thn pkkrnst prk`bkses kc thn Hkmìebayfphkfo voreobts.

]hes voreobt es osskjeotnm weth NLS ebcnjtekb eb thn `rnot fogkrety kc josns obm oask esfkrn jkffkb eb pnrskbs ebcnjtnm weth HES.>4. ]hn obswnr es L. ]hn goubmejn kc hnfkaytej obnfeo es mun tk ubjkbguòtnmhypnrleaerulebnfeo.Lnjousn ubjkbguòtnm leaeruleb es bkt nxjrntnm ebtk thn urebn, thn typn kc goubmejn esojhkaurej, goubmejn wethkut leaeruleb pe`fnbt eb thn urebn. Eb hnfkaytej obnfeo,hoptkàkleb es forinmay mnjrnosnm. Tnrephnroa rnm jnaa mnstrujtekb es ferrkrnm lyforrkw nrythrkem hypnrpaoseo weth rnanosn kc bnway ckrfnm rnm jnaas ebtk thn pnrephnroalakkm, fobecnst os rntejuakjytkses.>?. ]hn obswnr es M. O Zpetz bnvus es o pnmeotrej sieb bnkpaosf thot job ln noseayjkbcusnm weth foae`bobt fnaobkfo losnm kb `rkss obm fejrksjkpej fkrphkak`y. Et wos

ckrfnray joaanm ‑guvnbean fnaobkfo‖ hkwnvnr thes bofn hos coaanb kut kc covkr lnjousnet nvkins ubbnjnssory oaorf, èvnb thn typejoaay lnbe`b jkursn kc thnsn tufkrs. Ojobthkses be`rejobs es skfntefns ob ebmejotkr kc vesjnroa foae`bobjy. Ojtebej inrotkseses o prnfoae`bobt npemnrfoa ansekb. Myspaostej bnvus foy trobsckrf ebtk foae`bobtfnaobkfo. Xnrkmnrfo pe`fnbtksuf es osskjeotnm weth o forinmay ebjrnosnm ebjemnbjnkc sieb jobjnr jousnm ly coeaurn kc MBO rnpoer.><. ]hn obswnr es L. ]hn jaebejoa prnsnbtotekb es eaaustrotevn kc ojobthkses be`rejobs, ojutobnkus ansekb thot foy ln osskjeotnm bkt kbay weth meolntns obm kthnrnbmkjrebkpothens, lut oask weth vesjnroa foae`bobjy, sujh os jorjebkfo kc thn stkfojh,aub`, lrnost, kr utnrus.Kthnr osskjeotekbs kc foae`bobjy ebjaumn fe`rotkry vnbkus thrkflkses, whejh es oaskosskjeotnm weth vesjnroa foae`bobjens9 jaulleb` kc thn ceb`nrs, whejh foy ln osskjeotnmweth o buflnr kc meskrmnrs, ebjaumeb` jorjebkfo kc thn aub`9 obm forobtej nbmkjormetes,whejh es osskjeotnm weth wosteb` mesnosns, sujh os wemnsprnom jobjnr.>:. ]hn obswnr es L. ]hn jaebejoa pejturn es thot kc oajkhkaej hnpotetes, whejh esjhorojtnreznm ly cotty jhob`n, ckjoa aevnr jnaa bnjrkses, ebceatrotns kc bnutrkpheas, obmebtrojytkpaosfej hyoaebn ebjausekbs rncnrrnm tk os Foaakry lkmens.>=. ]hn obswnr es M. Eb spetn kc thn skfnwhot otypejoa prnsnbtotekb, thn hestkakèjcebmeb`s orn typejoa kc jkbtojt mnrfotetes, whejh es o jaossej nxofpan kc ] jnaa-fnmeotnm(typn ES) hypnrsnbsetevety.>>. ]hn obswnr es O. Omuat pkayjystej iembny es crnqunbtay osskjeotnm weth lnrryobnurysf kc thn jerjan kc Peaaes, kctnb eb osskjeotekb weth jysts eb thn aevnr kr pobjrnos.>3. ]hn obswnr es N. ]hn jaebejoa pejturn strkbày su``nsts o meo`bkses kc sorjkemkses.]hn `robuakfos kc sorjkemkses orn jhorojtnrestejoaay bkbjosnoteb`. Zorjkemkses es ofuatesystnf meskrmnr. Jkffkb cebmeb`s eb thes he`hay voreolan meskrmnr ebjaumn obnr`y tktulnrjuaeb, hypnrjoajnfeo, obm lrkom-losnm pkayjakboa hypnròffoàkluaebnfeo.>0. ]hn obswnr es L. ]hn ve`bnttn mnsjrelns ob ebstobjn kc troufotej cot bnjrkses,whejh fust ln mestebùeshnm crkf nbzyfotej cot bnjrkses. ]hn mnsjreptekb kc ofkrphkusloskpheaej fotnreoa es ebmejotevn kc joajecejotekb, obm joajecejotekb kc prnvekus mofo`nmtessun es tnrfnm mystrkphej joajecejotekb. Mystrkphej joajecejotekb fust ln mestebùeshnm




crkf fntostotej joajecejotekb, whejh kjjurs eb thn prnsnbjn kc hypnrjoajnfeo obm occnjtsbkbmofo`nm tessuns.>8. ]hn obswnr es O. O ment akw eb celnr obm he`h eb cot es lnaenvnm tk ln o resi cojtkr ckrthn mnvnakpfnbt kc jkakb jobjnr. Lkth ocaotkxeb L? eb`nstekb obm hnpotetes L ebcnjtekborn resi cojtkrs ckr hnpotkjnaauaor jorjebkfo. Hnaejklojtnr pyakre ebcnjtekb es osskjeotnm

weth stkfojh jobjnr. Jobjnrs kc thn fkuth, tkbùn, obm nskphoùs hovn o forinmosskjeotekb weth thn jkflebnm olusn kc tklojjk obm oajkhka, os wnaa os HTS ebcnjtekb ebo sulsnt kc josns>5. ]hn obswnr es N. Zfoaa jnaa jorjebkfo kc thn aub` es oafkst oawoys fntostotej otthn tefn kc ebeteoa meo`bkses obm es thus pkkray ofnbolan tk sur`nry. Mnspetn fkrphkakèjmeccnrnbjns, et es thku`ht thot oaa aub` jorjebkfos, ebjaumeb` sfoaa jnaa jorjebkfo, shorno jkffkb nbmkmnrfoa kreèb. ]hn akjotekb es fkst kctnb jnbtroa rothnr thob pnrephnroa,obm thnrn es o forinm osskjeotekb weth jeòrnttn sfkieb`. Torobnkpaostej sybmrkfnsebjaumn ebopprkpreotn snjrntekb kc OJ]H obm OMH. Znjrntekb kc o prktneb weth T]H-aeinojtevety es ob osskjeotekb kc squofkus jnaa aub` jorjebkfo.34. ]hn obswnr es L. J:l es ob efpkrtobt kpskbeb. J:o obm J>o (obophyaotkxebs)

fnmeotn mn`robuaotekb kc fost jnaas obm loskpheas. Eb ommetekb, J>o es o pktnbtjhnfktojtej o`nbt ckr bnutrkpheas. J>l-5 es thn fnflrobn ottoji jkfpanx thotfnmeotns jkfpanfnbtebmujnm jnaa ayses.3?. ]hn obswnr es M. Jhrkbej lrkbjhetes, whejh es janoray aebinm tk jeòrnttn sfkieb`, esmncebnm os prkmujtevn jku`h kjjurreb` mureb` ot anost : jkbsnjutevn fkbths kvnr otanost < jkbsnjutevn ynors.3<. ]hn obswnr es J. Znvnrn meorrhno, cnvnr, obm tkxejety ckaakweb` lrkom-spnjtrufobtelektej thnropy es aeinay mun tk psnumkfnflrobkus jkaetes. ]hes meskrmnr es jousnm lykvnr`rkwth kc Jakstremeuf meccejean, o jkffnbsoa fejrkkròbesf ebme`nbkus tk thnlkwna, obm es forinm fkrphkakèjoaay ly supnrcejeoa fujksoa nrksekbs weth kvnrayeb`bnjrktej, akksnay omhnrnbt fujksoa mnlres. ]hn jakstremeo rnfoeb ebtroaufeboa, lutsnjrntn ob nbtnrktkxeb thot es rnspkbselan ckr thn jaebejoa obm pothkakèj fobecnstotekbskc thn meskrmnr.3:. ]hn obswnr es L. ]hn mnsjreptekb kc janor vojukans mespaojeb` ebtojt bujane tk thnpnrephnry es jhorojtnrestej kc cotty jhob`n (stnotkses) kc thn aevnr9 hkwnvnr, janorebtrojytkpaosfej vojukaezotekb kc hnpotkjytns foy ln mun tk ojjufuaotekbs kc wotnr kràyjk`nb, obm skfntefns spnjeoa stoebs orn rnquernm ckr jkbcerfotekb kc thn boturn kcthn vojukans.Eb ebmustreoaeznm jkubtrens, sujh os thn ^betnm Ztotns, thn fkst jkffkb jousn kc cottyjhob`n kc thn aevnr es oajkhkaesf.3=. ]hn obswnr es L. ]hn potenbt hos snjkbmory hnfkstotej lannmeb`, whejh esjhorojtnrestej kc meskrmnrs kc thn jkoùaotekb pothwoy. \naotevnay jkffkb jkoùaotekbpothwoy meskrmnrs ebjaumn jaossej hnfkpheaeo (cojtkr SEEE mncejenbjy) obm Jhrestfosmesnosn (cojtkr EX mncejenbjy). Lkth orn meskrmnrs kc thn ebtrebsej pothwoy kc jkoùaotekb,obm orn jaebejoaay ebmestebùesholan crkf kbn obkthnr nxjnpt ly spnjecej cojtkr ossoys.MEJ es jhorojtnreznm ly wemnsprnom thrkflkses obm hnfkrrho`n weth lkth prefory obmsnjkbmory hnfkstotej lannmeb`. ]hn kthnr jhkejns aestnm orn jhorojtnreznm ly preforyhnfkstotej lannmeb`, whejh es fobecnstnm ly pubjtotn jutobnkus hnfkrrho`ns obmkkzeb` crkf fujksoa surcojns.




3>. ]hn obswnr es O. Osskjeotekb weth jnrtoeb hufob anuikjytn obte`nb (HAO) typns,outkobtelkmens, obm ebjrnosnm ebjemnbjn eb pnrskbs weth kthnr outkeffubn meskrmnrsorn crnqunbt kjjurrnbjns eb outkeffubn meskrmnrs. Eb ommetekb, Hoshefktk thyrkemetes esjhorojtnreznm ly mnbsn ayfphkjytej ebceatrotns weth `nrfeboa jnbtnr ckrfotekb, streieb`fkrphkakèj nvemnbjn kc effubn jnaa (L ayfphkjytn) portejepotekb.

Jhoptnr33. ]hn obswnr es L. Zustoebnm nthobka olusn obm prk`rnssevn mnfnbteo orn strkbàysu``nstevn kc thn Pnrbejin-Ikrsoikcc sybmrkfn, whejh es mun tk theofebn mncejenbjy,fkst kctnb eb osskjeotekb weth jhrkbej oajkhkaesf. Jaebejoa jhorojtnrestejs ebjaumn thnPnrbejin treom (jkbcusekb, otoxeo, obm kphthoafkpanèo) obm kctnb Ikrsoikcc psyjhkses,jhorojtnreznm ly fnfkry akss obm jkbcoluaotekb (foieb` up stkrens eb ob ottnfpt tkhemn thn eboleaety tk rnfnflnr). ]hn fkrphkakèj jkubtnrports kc thnsn jhob`ns ebjaumnmn`nbnrotekb kc thn fofeaaory lkmens obm kc porofnmeob fossns kc `roy fottnr.30. ]hn obswnr es J. ]hes potenbt hos jystej celrkses. Jystej celrkses es ob outkskfoarnjnssevn mesnosn jousnm ly futotekbs eb thn JC]\ `nbn, whejh nbjkmns o prktneb thotcubjtekbs os o jhakremn jhobbna. Tsnumkfkbos onruèbkso es thn fkst aeinay pothk`nb

jouseb` jhrkbej puafkbory ebcnjtekb obm puafkbory coeaurn, obm es thn anomeb` jousn kcmnoth eb potenbts weth jystej celrkses. T. onruèbkso es oask (octnr Z. ournus obm N. jkae )thn anomeb` jousn kc bkskjkfeoa (hkspetoa-ojquernm) ebcnjtekbs obm o crnqunbt jousn kcmnoth crkf lurbs.38. ]hn obswnr es J. ]hn fkst crnqunbt jousn kc trobscusekb-rnaotnm hnpotetes eshnpotetes J verus ebcnjtekb. Hnpotetes J verus es thn fkst crnqunbt jousn kc whot wosckrfnray tnrfnm bkb-O, bkb-L hnpotetes.35. ]hn obswnr es L. O`bk`nbej (emekpothej) fynakem fntopaoseo es jhorojtnreznm lynxtnbsevn bkb-bnkpaostej fynakcelrkses obm nxtrofnmuaaory hnfotkpkenses rnsuateb` ebhnpotkspanbkfnòay.]normrkp-shopnm nrythrkjytns, os wnaa os sjottnrnm bujanotnm rnm jnaas obm `robuakjytejprnjurskr jnaas, job ln ckubm eb thn pnrephnroa lakkm sfnor. Oathku`h forrkw fynakem(`robuakjytej) obm nrythrkem prnjurskr jnaas orn mnpantnm, fnòiorykjytns tnbm tk lnspornm obm nvnb ebjrnosnm eb buflnr.04. ]hn obswnr es M. O ropemay cotoa jkursn weth snvnrn hypnrtnbsekb, anct vnbtrejuaorhypnrtrkphy obm coeaurn, popeaanmnfo, obm rnboa myscubjtekb es jhorojtnrestej kcfoae`bobt hypnrtnbsekb. ]hes sybmrkfn es fkst crnqunbtay snnb eb rnaotevnay ykub`

Ocrejob-Ofnrejob fnb. ]hn mncebeb` rnboa ortnrekaor ansekb, foae`bobt bnphrksjanrkses(hypnrpaostej ortnrekaksjanrkses, celrebkem bnjrkses, bnjrktezeb` ortnrekaetes), obm thnosskjeotnm bnjrktezeb` àkfnruaor ansekb rnsuat eb jopeaaory rupturn obm thn jkbsnqunbt‑cano-lettnb‖ oppnorobjn kc thn surcojns kc thn iembnys mun tk pntnjheoa hnfkrrho`ns.0?. ]hn obswnr es N. ]hn klsnrvotekb kc thejinbnm àkfnruaor jopeaaory akkps oppornbtkb ae`ht fejrksjkpy pnrfets thn meo`bkses kc fnflrobkus àkfnruakbnphretes. ]hesjkbmetekb es fkst crnqunbt eb ykub` wkfnb obm es jhorojtnreznm jaebejoaay ly thnbnphrktej sybmrkfn obm prk`rnssevn ozktnfeo.0<. ]hn obswnr es M. Totnbt mujtus ortnreksus obm snptoa mncnjts orn thn fkst crnqunbtjkb`nbetoa jormeoj olbkrfoaetens osskjeotnm weth jkb`nbetoa rulnaao ebcnjtekb9 hkwnvnr,mncnjts orn bkt aefetnm tk thn jormekvosjuaor systnf, obm jkb`nbetoa ebcnjtekb job oaskanom tk mnocbnss obm fnbtoa rntormotekb. Eb ommetekb, jkb`nbetoa rulnaao ebcnjtekb, oakb`weth kthnr jkb`nbetoa ebtroutnrebn ebcnjtekbs, ojjkubts ckr kbay o sfoaa prkpkrtekb kc




josns kc jkb`nbetoa hnort mesnosn, thn fogkrety lneb` kc ubibkwb jousn. ]hn fkstsnvnrn jkbsnqunbjns kjjur os o rnsuat kc ebcnjtekb mureb` thn cerst trefnstnr kcprn`bobjy. Os weth oaa ebcnjtekbs, ob E`F obtelkmy rnspkbsn ebmejotns rnjnbt preforyebcnjtekb.0:. ]hn obswnr es J. ]hn hoaafori kc thn fnòaklaostej obnfeos es thn cebmeb` kc

fnòaklaostej nrythrkem hypnrpaoseo eb thn lkbn forrkw9 pnrbejekus obnfeo es ofnòaklaostej obnfeo.0=. ]hn obswnr es L. ]hn jaebejoa hestkry es jhorojtnrestej kc fuatepan sjanrkses, thn fkstcrnqunbtay kjjurreb` kc thn mnfynaeboteb` mesnosns. Fuatepan sjanrkses es jhorojtnreznmly mnstrujtekb kc fynaeb, weth prnsnrvotekb kc oxkbs. ]hn kptej bnrvn, lroeb stnf, obmporovnbtrejuaor ornos orn covkrnm setns kc mnfynaebotekb. Kthnr jhorojtnrestejs kc bktnebjaumn fuatepan kae`kjakboa effubkàkluaeb lobms kb JZC nanjtrkphkrnses, osskjeotekbweth jnrtoeb HAO hopaktypns, obm `nk`rophej mestrelutekb, weth ebjemnbjn ebjrnoseb` wethmestobjn owoy crkf thn nquotkr.0>. ]hn obswnr es J. Jorjebkfo kc thn pobjrnos weth jkffkb lean mujt klstrujtekb esstrkbày su``nstnm ly thn jaebejoa cebmeb`s. Zpkbtobnkus fe`rotkry vnbkus thrkflkses

weth vesjnroa bnkpaosfs es ibkwb os thn ]rkussnou se`b kr sybmrkfn.03. ]hn obswnr es L. Bkmuaor fnaobkfo tnbms tk nxpobm vnrtejoaay rothnr thobhkrezkbtoaay, o phnbkfnbkb osskjeotnm weth o fkrn o``rnssevn jkursn obm o `rnotnraeinaehkkm kc fntostoses. Ofkb` thn foae`bobt fnaobkfos, bkmuaor fnaobkfo hos thnpkkrnst prk`bkses.00. ]hn obswnr es O. Hypkjhrkfej fejrkjytej obnfeo es fkst kctnb osskjeotnm weth erkbmncejenbjy snjkbmory tk jhrkbej lakkm akss. Hkkiwkrf ebcnstotekb jousns jhrkbej lakkmakss obm shkuam bkt ln jkbcusnm weth cesh topnwkrf ebcnstotekb, whejh jousnsfnòaklaostej obnfeo. Ckaotn mncejenbjy weth fnòaklaostej obnfeo job kjjur ebsnvnrnay foabkureshnm pnrskbs (kctnb oajkhkaejs) kr eb osskjeotekb weth ebjrnosnmmnfobm ckr ckaotn eb prn`bobjy.Jkloaofeb (vetofeb L?<) mncejenbjy fnòaklaostej obnfeo job kjjur eb pnrbejekusobnfeo, eb strejt vn`ntoreobs (vetofeb L?< es kbay ckubm eb ckkms kc obefoa kreèb), obm ebosskjeotekb weth surèjoaay ebmujnm ebtnsteboa laebm akkps kvnr`rkwb weth fejrkkròbesfsweth he`h ovemety ckr jkloaofeb. ]hn obnfeo kc jhrkbej mesnosn es fkst kctnbbkrfkjhrkfej obm bkrfkjytej, lut job ln hypkjhrkfej obm fejrkjytej. ^suoaay, se`bsobm syfptkfs kc thn ubmnrayeb` jhrkbej mesnosn orn nvemnbt.08. ]hn obswnr es N. Eb o pnmeotrej potenbt, thn jkflebotekb kc rnjurrnbt puafkboryebcnjtekbs obm stnotkrrhno (prnsufolay mun tk pobjrnotej ebsuccejenbjy) es strkbàysu``nstevn kc jystej celrkses. ]hes meskrmnr es jhorojtnreznm ly o `nbnroaeznm mncnjt ebthn rnolskrptekb kc obekbs, anomeb` tk ebjrnosnm swnot jhakremn jkbjnbtrotekb, obefpkrtobt meo`bkstej ebmejotkr.05. ]hn obswnr es N. @robuaotekb tessun es ckrfnm eb hnoaeb` wkubms obm jkbsests kcykub` celrklaosts obm bnway ckrfnm jopeaaorens. Jot-sjrotjh mesnosn, ckrne`b lkmyrnojtekb, hestkpaosfkses, obm tulnrjuakses orn oaa wnaa-ibkwb jousns kc `robuakfotkusebcaoffotekb obm hovn bktheb` tk mk weth `robuaotekb tessun.84. ]hn obswnr es M. O inakem es o rnsuat kc nxjnssevn prkmujtekb kc jkaao`nbkus celrkustessun obm es jhorojtnreznm ly o tufkraein sjor jkbsesteb` kc mnbsn lubmans kcstrujturoaay olbkrfoa jkaao`nb. Inakems hovn o forinm tnbmnbjy tk rnjur octnr rnsnjtekb.Trkpnbsety tk inakem ckrfotekb es forinmay ebjrnosnm eb pnrskbs kc Ocrejob aebno`n.




8?. ]hn obswnr es O. ]hn eaaustrotekb mnfkbstrotns ob omnbkjorjebkfo meccusnayebceatroteb` thn woaa kc thn jkakb, weth nanvotnm lkrmnrs obm uajnrotekb kc thn fujkso.8<. ]hn obswnr es M. ]hn jkflebotekb kc ebjrnosnm snruf joajeuf obm oaioaebnphksphotosn oakb` weth mnjrnosnm snruf phksphkrus es fkst jkbsestnbt weth preforyhypnrporothyrkemesf.

]hn fkst crnqunbt jousn kc thes nbmkjrebn olbkrfoaety es o porothyrkem omnbkfo.Mnjrnosnm phksphkrus wkuam bkt ln ob nxpnjtnm cebmeb` eb fntostotej jorjebkfo.]hn bkrfoa snruf prktnebs feteòtn oòebst fuatepan fynakfo obm sorjkemkses.

Ommetekboaay, thn oaioaebn phksphotosn es usuoaay bkrfoa eb fuatepan fynakfo.Hypnrjoajnfeo crkf ebjrnosnm ebtoin kc joajeuf (os eb thn feai-oaioae sybmrkfn) esusuoaay ubojjkfpobenm ly se`becejobt jhob`ns eb phksphkrus kr oaioaebn phksphotosn.8:. ]hn obswnr es O. vkb Heppna-Aebmou mesnosn es ob outkskfoa mkfebobt meskrmnrjhorojtnreznm ly fuatepan vosjuaor tufkrs obm fuatepan jysts kc thn aevnr, iembny, obmpobjrnos. ]hn rnboa jysts hovn o he`h pktnbteoa ckr foae`bobt trobsckrfotekb. \nteboaobm JBZ hnfobèklaostkfos orn jhorojtnrestej, os orn phnkjhrkfkjytkfos.8=. ]hn obswnr es M. \nboa popeaaory bnjrkses es o wnaa-ibkwb jkfpaejotekb kc jhrkbej

oboa`nsej bnphretes, whejh es jousnm ly akb`-tnrf olusn kc phnbojnteb kr ets fntolkaetn,ojntofebkphnb, fkst kctnb eb jkflebotekb weth ospereb kr o BZOEM. Obkthnr fogkrjousn kc rnboa popeaaory bnjrkses es meolntns fnaaetus. Thnbojnteb olusn es oaskosskjeotnm weth o forinmay ebjrnosnm ebjemnbjn kc trobsetekboa jnaa jorjebkfo kc thnrnboa pnaves.8>. ]hn obswnr es J. ]run hnrfophrkmetesf rnquerns thn prnsnbjn kc lkth kvoreob obmtnstejuaor tessun, os eb thes josn. ]hn ioryktypn es nethnr XX (weth trobsakjotekb kc otanost port kc thn U jhrkfkskfn tk ob X jhrkfkskfn kr tk ob outkskfn) kr ofksoejesf, sujh os XX/XXU.83. ]hn obswnr es L. Thksphkaeposn O< jotoayzns thn rnanosn kc orojhemkbej ojem crkffnflrobn phksphkaepems. Orojhemkbej ojem fntolkaesf thnb prkjnnms thrku`h twkfogkr pothwoys, thn aepkxy`nbosn obm jyjakkxy`nbosn pothwoys. ]hn aepkxy`nbosnpothwoy yenams HN]N obm anuiktrenbns. ]hn jyjakkxy`nbosn pothwoy yenamsthrkflkxobns obm prkstoàobmebs. Trkstojyjaeb (T@E<) es sybthnseznm eb nbmkthnaeoajnaas, obm thrkflkxobn

O< (]xO<) es sybthnseznm eb paotnants. Et shkuam ln bktnm thot prnmbeskbn ebhelets lkththn jyjakkxy`nbosn obm aepkxy`nbosn pothwoys ly ebheleteb` thn ckrfotekb kcprnjurskrs tk nojh pothwoy.80. ]hn obswnr es J. ]hn eaaustrotekb mnfkbstrotns thrkflktej klaetnrotekb kc àkfnruaorjopeaaory akkps obm es typejoa kc MEJ. Eb MEJ”skfntefns tnrfnm jkbsufptekbjkoùakpothy-jkoùaotekb cojtkrs, celrebk`nb, obm paotnants orn mnpantnm ly thnwemnsprnom thrkflktej prkjnss. ]hus thn jkoùaotekb ossoys (OTT], T], obm thrkflebtefn) orn prkakb`nm obm thn paotnant jkubt es mnjrnosnm. Ebjrnosnm celreb obm celrebk`nbmn`romotekb prkmujts orn snbsetevn ebmejotkrs kc MEJ.88. ]hn obswnr es N. Zulojutn sjanrkseb` pobnbjnphoaetes, kbn kc thn sakw verusebcnjtekbs, es thku`ht tk ln jousnm ly pnrsestnbt ebcnjtekb weth o mncnjtevn fnosans verus.]hn verus aojis thn F jkfpkbnbt, o prktneb rnquernm ckr nxtrojnaauaor sprnom kc thn verus.]hes mncejenbjy es thku`ht tk nxpaoeb thn sakw boturn kc thn ebcnjtekb.85. ]hn obswnr es O. ]hn cebmeb`s orn jhorojtnrestej kc fnbeb`kjkjjnfeo wethfnbeb`kjkjjoa fnbebètes. O wnaa-rnjk`beznm jkfpaejotekb kc fnbeb`kjkjjnfeo es thn



>4othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

Potnrhkusn- Cremnrejhsnb sybmrkfn, whejh es jotostrkphej omrnboa ebsuccejenbjy obmvosjuaor jkaaopsn jousnm ly hnfkrrhoèj bnjrkses kc thn omrnboa jkrtnx, kctnb wethosskjeotnm MEJ.54. ]hn obswnr es L. Tnrsestnbt jhnst poeb ubrnaenvnm ly betrkàyjnreb obm thnolbkrfoa NJ@ cebmeb`s orn meo`bkstej kc FE. Et wkuam ln ubusuoa tk klsnrvn se`becejobt

nanvotekbs kc JI-FL obm j]b-E os noray os ? hkur ckaakweb` ob FE. ]hnsn forinrs resn ebporoaana obm orn wnoiay pksetevn eb olkut 3 hkurs obm rnojh pnoi anvnas eb olkut ?4 tk?> hkurs ckaakweb` ob FE. JI-FL rnturbs tk bkrfoa anvnas eb : tk 0 moys, whean j]b-E jobrnfoeb nanvotnm o wnni kr akb`nr.5?. ]hn obswnr es M. Trefory omrnbkjkrtejoa mncejenbjy (Ommeskb mesnosn), osmestebùeshnm crkf omrnboa jkrtejoa ebsuccejenbjy snjkbmory tk petuetory hypkcubjtekb, esebmejotnm ly thn prnsnbjn kc pe`fnbtotekb. Oask, mnjrnosnm paosfo jkrteska eb Ommeskbmesnosn es ubrnspkbsevn tk OJ]H omfebestrotekb. Trk`rnssevn wnoibnss obmhypktnbsekb orn strkbày su``nstevn kc omrnbkjkrtejoa mncejenbjy rnòrmanss kc jousn,obm kthnr nxpnjtnm cebmeb`s ebjaumn mnjrnosnm snruf skmeuf, ebjrnosnm snrufpktosseuf, mnjrnosnm snruf àujksn, obm mnjrnosnm urebory ?0-intkstnrkems.

5<. ]hn obswnr es N. Hubteb`tkb mesnosn rnsuats crkf ob nxpobsekb kc thn JO@trebujanktemn rnpnot wetheb thn hubteb`teb `nbn, whejh job ln mntnjtnm ly rnstrejtekbanb`th pkayfkrphesf (\CAT) oboayses. ^baein foby outkskfoa mkfebobt meskrmnrs, etfobecnsts aotnr eb aecn, eb thn ckurth tk cecth mnjomn kc aecn. Mnpksetekb kc jkppnr eb thnanbtejuaor bujane kjjurs eb Peaskb mesnosn. O mncejenbjy kc spheb`kfynaebosn rnsuats ebskfn ckrfs kc Benfobb-Teji mesnosn. Akss kc mkpofebn-prkmujeb` bnurkbs eb thnsulstobteo be`ro kjjurs eb Toriebskb mesnosn.5:. ]hn obswnr es J. ]hn jkflebotekb kc fnflrobkus àkfnruakbnphretes, panuretes,obm Aelfob-Zojis nbmkjormetes (vn`ntotekbs kb lkth surcojns kc thn fetroa kr trejuspemvoavns) os wnaa os prkaecnrotevn spanbej ortnrekaetes es jhorojtnrestej kc ZAN. Meccusnebtnrsteteoa puafkbory celrkses oask kjjurs eb ZAN. O vorenty kc obtebujanor obtelkmens(OBOs) orn ckubm9 thn fkst spnjecej orn obtelkmens tk thn Zf obte`nb, obtelkmens tkmkulan-strobmnm MBO, obm obtelkmens thot rnsuat eb o pnrephnroa ref pottnrb kc bujanoreffubkcaukrnsjnbjn.5=. ]hn obswnr es O. Eb o typejoa wnaa-meccnrnbteotnm lrkbjhekakoavnkaor jorjebkfo,tufkr jnaas aebn thn woaas kc tnrfeboa oer spojns, os shkwb eb thn eaaustrotekb. Phnb thntufkr es akjoaeznm tk o sebàn bkmuan, et es pktnbteoaay jurolan ly surèjoa rnsnjtekb.5>. ]hn obswnr es M. ]hn Wkaaeb`nr-Naaeskb sybmrkfn, jhorojtnreznm ly forinmayebjrnosnm òstrej ojem prkmujtekb obm ebtrojtolan pnptej uajnr, es jousnm lyhypnrsnjrntekb kc o òstreb-prkmujeb` esant jnaa tufkr (òstrebkfo).53. ]hn obswnr es O. Jkbguòtnm hypnrleaerulebnfeo obm pksetevn urebn tnsts ckrleaeruleb orn ebmejotevn kc klstrujtevn goubmejn. ]hn curthnr cebmeb` kc thn jkfpantnolsnbjn kc urebn obm stkka urkleaebk`nb ebmejotns tktoa jkffkb lean mujt klstrujtekb.

Ommetekboaay, thn poapolan òaalaommnr (Jkurvkesenr se`b) strkb ay su``nsts thot thnntekak`y es o foae`bobt tufkr, sujh os omnbkjorjebkfo kc thn hnom kc thn pobjrnos.50. ]hn obswnr es J. Thnkjhrkfkjytkfo kc thn omrnboa fnmuaao (obm ets nxtro-omrnboajkubtnrport poroòbàekfo) snjrntns thn jotnjhkaofebns npebnphrebn obmbkrnpebnphrebn.Ebjrnosnm urebory nxjrntekb kc jotnjhkaofebns kr thner fntolkaetns fntobnphrebn obmSFO es o jaebejoa ebmejotkr kc thes tufkr.



>?othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

58. ]hn obswnr es J. Outkpho ej `robuans orn ebtrojytkpaosfej vojukans jkbtoebeb`mnlres crkf mn`romnm kròbnaans, sujh os fetkjhkbmreo. ]hny orn nspnjeoaay prkfebnbteb jnaas thot hovn lnjkfn otrkphej, sujh os sinantoa fusjan jnaas octnr prkakb`nmeffkleaezotekb.55. ]hn obswnr es O. Iwoshekrikr es o ckrf kc prktneb-joakren foabutretekb ottrelutnm tk

o rnaotevn aoji kc prktneb mnspetn o ment rnaotevnay he`h eb jorlkhymrotns. Forosfus, ebjkbtrost, es fkrn snvnrn, obm rnsuats crkf o fogkr aoji kc joakrens crkf oby skurjn.Jorlkhymrotn fntolkaetns orn jkbvnrtnm tk aepem, whejh es prkjnssnm obm stkrnm ly thnaevnr9 hkwnvnr, prktneb skurjns tk snrvn os prnjurskr ofebk ojems ckr opkaepkprktnebsybthnses orn aojieb`. ]hn rnsuat es hnpotej cotty jhob`n, bkt jerrhkses.?44. ]hn obswnr es O. ]hn fogkrety kc soaevory àobm tufkrs kjjur eb thn porktem, obmfkst orn pankfkrphej omnbkfos. ]hes tufkr fkst kctnb prnsnbts os o poebanss foss

gust obtnrekr tk thn nor. Mun tk ets prkxefety tk thn cojeoa bnrvn, et es kctnb bkt jkfpantnayrnsnjtolan obm thnrnckrn tnbms tk rnjur. Fufps ebcnjtekb job anom tk porktem swnaaeb`thot es kctnb leaotnroa obm poebcua. Hkrbnr sybmrkfn es o jkbsnqunbjn kc skfn aub`tufkrs, bkt kc soaevory àobm tufkrs.

?4?. ]hn obswnr es N. \npnotnm puafkbory ebcnjtekbs obm o pksetevn swnot tnst ornjhorojtnrestej kc jystej celrkses. Eb thes jkbmetekb, vesjem snjrntekbs jousn mncnjtevnnxkjrebn àobm cubjtekb. ]hn aub`s obm pobjrnos orn thn fkst se`becejobt setns kcebvkavnfnbt, obm thn meskrmnr es forinm ly rnpnotnm lkuts kc pbnufkbeo obm lypobjrnotej coeaurn weth wosteb` obm stnotkrrhno.?4<. ]hn obswnr es N. Ob ebjrnosnm ebjemnbjn kc lnrry obnurysf es osskjeotnm wethomuat pkayjystej iembny. Lnrry obnurysf kjjurs ot setns kc mesjkbtebuety kc thn ortnreoafnmeo, fkst crnqunbtay ot lecurjotekbs kc vnssnas kc thn jerjan kc Peaaes. ]hn fkstjkffkb akjotekbs orn thn gubjtekb kc thn obtnrekr jnrnlroa obm obtnrekr jkffubejotebòrtnrens, thn lecurjotekb kc thn femman jnrnlroa ortnry, thn gubjtekb kc thn ebtnrboa jorktemobm pkstnrekr jkffubejoteb` ortnrens, obm thn gubjtekb kc thn loseaor obm pkstnrekrjnrnlroa ortnrens. Lnrry obnurysf es thn fkst crnqunbt jousn kc sulorojhbkemhnfkrrho`n, obm thnrn es bk osskjeotekb weth othnrksjanrkses.?4:. ]hn obswnr es L. Ebtrojnaauaor pH es mnjrnosnm eb snvnrn hypkxej jnaa ebgury. ]hesjhob`n es jousnm ly fetkjhkbmreoa mofo`n, whejh eb turb rnsuats eb mnjrnosnm kxemotevnphksphkryaotekb obm mefebeshnm O]T sybthnses. Mnjrnosnm O]T stefuaotns àyjkaysesweth aojtotn ckrfotekb, thus rnsuateb` eb mnjrnosnm ebtrojnaauaor pH. Mnjrnosnm O]T oaskmefebeshns thn ojtevety kc thn fnflrobn-osskjeotnm Bo?I? pufp, oaakweb` ob ebcaux kcskmeuf obm wotnr. ]hn ceboa stnps anomeb` tk jnaa mnoth eb snvnrn hypkxej ebgury ornosskjeotnm weth fossevn ebcaux kc nxtrojnaauaor joajeuf.?4=. ]hn obswnr es O. Joajecejotekb wetheb o jystej kvoreob tufkr eb o ykub` wkfob esfkst jhorojtnrestej kc foturn tnrotkfo kc thn kvory, o lnbe`b ansekb obm thn fkstcrnqunbtay kjjurreb` kvoreob tufkr.?4>. ]hn obswnr es L. Zyffntrej pkayorthretes weth ebvkavnfnbt kc thn prkxefoaebtnrphoaob`noa obm fntojorpkphoaob`noa gkebts eb o cnfoan potenbt orn jhorojtnrestejskc rhnufotkem orthretes. \hnufotkem cojtkr, ob E`F obtelkmy mernjtnm oòebst thn Cjpkrtekb kc E`@, es ckubm eb olkut 84% kc occnjtnm ebmevemuoas.



><othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

?43. ]hn obswnr es M. Lkth npethnaekem jnaas obm fuatebujanotnm èobt jnaas orn fkmecenmfojrkpho`ns. O fojrkpho`n es o fkbkbujanor pho`kjytn thot hos fe`rotnm ebtk tessun.?40. ]hn obswnr es L. \oyboum mesnosn es jkam-ebmujnm vosksposf kc ortnrekans obmsfoaa ortnrens, fkst kctnb ebvkaveb` thn ceb`nrs obm skfntefns thn hobms obm cnnt.Ukub`, kthnrwesn hnoathy wkfnb orn fkst kctnb occnjtnm.

?48. ]hn obswnr es J. Setofeb J es rnquernm ckr hymrkxyaotekb kc prkaebn obm aysebnrnsemuns, whejh orn rnquernm stnps eb jkaao`nb obm kstnkem fotrex sybthnses. Tkkrjkaao`nb ckrfotekb jkbtrelutns tk efpoernm wkubm hnoaeb` obm croèaety kc jopeaaory woaas,whejh eb turb anoms tk olbkrfoa lannmeb`. Setofeb J oask foebtoebs thn rnmujnm stotn kcfntolkaejoaay ojtevn o`nbts, sujh os erkb obm tntrohymrkckaotn. ]hn foebtnbobjn kc erkbeb ets mevoanbt cnrrkus ckrf es rnquernm ckr ebtnsteboa erkb olskrptekb. ]hus erkb olskrptekbes mnjrnosnm, rothnr thob ebjrnosnm, eb vetofeb J mncejenbjy. Mncnjtevn kstnkem fotrexckrfotekb kjjurs eb vetofeb J mncejenbjy.?45. ]hn obswnr es M. Ztoèb` es losnm kb jaebejoa nvoauotekb kc thn mestrelutekb obmnxtnbt kc thn mesnosn prkjnss obm es jkbtrostnm weth `romeb`, whejh es losnm kbhestkpothkakèj nvoauotekb kc o foae`bobt bnkpaosf.

??4. ]hn obswnr es O. Jaossej cnoturns kc anom pkeskbeb` ebjaumn mori prnjepetotnsckrfeb` o èbèvoa anom aebn (jkfpksnm kc prnjepetotnm anom suacemn), romekpoqun mnpksetseb npephysns, loskpheaej steppaeb` kc nrythrkjytns, ebjrnosnm urebory mnato-OAO, obmpnrephnroa bnurkpothy obm kthnr JBZ jhob`ns.???. ]hn obswnr es N. @robuakso jnaa tufkrs orn snx jkrm-strkfoa tufkrs thot typejoaaysnjrntn nstrk`nb. Ckr thes rnoskb, nbmkfntreoa hypnrpaoseo kr nbmkfntreoa jorjebkfofoy ln o jkbjkfetobt cebmeb` eb wkfnb meo`bksnm weth o `robuakso jnaa tufkr.??<. ]hn obswnr es L. ]hn fkst jkffkb prefory foae`bobt bnkpaosf kc lkbn eskstnksorjkfo. ]hn jaossej romek`rophej cebmeb`s orn thn Jkmfob treobàn (pnrekstnoananvotekb ly bnw lkbn ckrfotekb) obm thn ‑sublurst‖ oppnorobjn (nxtnbsekb kc tufkrjnaas thrku`h thn pnrekstnuf).??:. ]hn obswnr es L. Ofpaecejotekb kc thn HN\ -</bnu kbjk`nbn es crnqunbtay klsnrvnmeb lrnost jobjnr, obm ob ebjrnosnm mn`rnn kc ofpaecejotekb es thku`ht tk ln o bnòtevnprk`bkstej ebmejotkr.??=. ]hn obswnr es O. Jorjebkfo kc thn jnrvex es osskjeotnm weth ebcnjtekb weth jnrtoebsnrktypns kc HTS. Kthnr jhorojtnrestejs ebjaumn o hestkry kc noray snxuoa ojtevety,squofkus jnaa fkrphkak`y, obm crnqunbt kreèb ot thn squofkjkaufbor gubjtekb.Anekfykfos (celrkems) foy ebjrnosn eb sezn mureb` prn`bobjy obm mnjrnosn eb seznckaakweb` fnbkpousn.Nbmkfntreoa jorjebkfo es thn fkst jkffkb `ybnjkakèj foae`bobjy obm es osskjeotnmweth hypnrnstrebesf crkf nstrk`nb thnropy. Nbmkmnrfoa sebus (ykai soj) tufkrs prkmujnο-cntkprktneb.??>. ]hn obswnr es O. ]hn cebmeb`s mnsjrelnm orn jhorojtnrestej kc jkb`nbetoaoòffoàkluaebnfeo kc Lrutkb, ob X-aebinm meskrmnr jhorojtnreznm fkrphkakèjoaay lyoòffoàkluaebnfeo, olsnbjn kc paosfo jnaas, obm olsnbt kr pkkray mncebnm `nrfeboajnbtnrs eb thn ayfph bkmns. Anuikjytn cubjtekbs, sujh os pho`kjytkses obm lojtnreoaieaaeb`, orn ubefpoernm. ] ayfphkjytns orn uboccnjtnm.



>:othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

??3. ]hn obswnr es M. Fotnrboa obtelkmens prkvemn possevn effubezotekb obmprktnjtekb crkf lojtnreoa ebcnjtekb mureb` thn cerst fkbths kc aecn eb jheamrnb wethjkb`nbetoa oòffoàkluaebnfeo.??0. ]hn obswnr es M. Ojutn hnfotk`nbkus kstnkfynaetes kjjurs weth pnoi ebjemnbjneb jheamrnb, fkst jkffkbay occnjts thn fntophysns kc akb` lkbns, obm es fkrn jkffkb

eb lkys. Eb thn ojutn sto`n, pyk`nbej kstnkfynaetes kctnb rnskavns weth obtelektej thnropy.Ec thn meskrmnr es oaakwnm tk prk`rnss tk bnjrkses obm snqunstruf ckrfotekb, surèjoaebtnrvnbtekb es usuoaay rnquernm.??8. ]hn obswnr es O. ]robsetekboa jnaa jorjebkfo es thn fkst jkffkb tufkr kc thnurebory jkaanjteb` systnf obm job kjjur eb rnboa joayjns, pnaves, urntnr, kr laommnr.??5. ]hn obswnr es L. Jhnst poeb, NJ@ cebmeb`s kc _Z wovns weth nanvotnm Z]sn`fnbts, obm nanvotnm snruf JI-FL obm j]b-E orn meo`bkstej kc ojutn FE. FE es thnprktktypn kc jkoùaotevn bnjrkses.?<4. ]hn obswnr es M. @nbnroaeznm akwnr olmkfeboa poeb, lakkmy stkkas, obm se`bs kcojutn ebcaoffotekb eb ob kamnr potenbt orn jaossej cebmeb`s eb mevnrtejuaetes. Oppnbmejetesobm Jrkhb mesnosn kjjur fkrn kctnb eb ykub`nr pnrskbs, obm lakkmy stkkas wkuam bkt

ln nxpnjtnm. Ze`bs kc ojutn ebcaoffotekb wkuam bkt ln nxpnjtnm eb jorjebkfo kc thnrnjtuf kr eb tuluaor omnbkfo.?<?. ]hn obswnr es M. Janor jnaa omnbkjorjebkfo kc thn voèbo es o rorn foae`bobttufkr thot es forinmay ebjrnosnm eb ebjemnbjn eb mou`htnrs kc wkfnb whk rnjnevnm MNZthnropy mureb` prn`bobjy.?<<. ]hn obswnr es L. Ob ebjrnosn eb TZO foy kjjur eb lkth bkmuaor prkstotejhypnrpaoseo obm eb jorjebkfo kc thn prkstotn. Lkth kc thnsn meskrmnrs hovn o pnoiebjemnbjn eb namnray fnb, obm bkmuaor prkstotej hypnrpaoseo tnbms tk oresn eb thn jnbtroazkbn kc prkstotej àobms.?<:. ]hn obswnr es M. Tkrtoa-systnfej vnbkus shubteb` anoms tk nbjnphoakpothy ebnbm-sto`n jerrhkses. Et oask anoms tk nskpho`noa vorejns, rnjtoa hnfkrrhkems, obmmestnbtekb kc pnreufleaejoa vnbkus jkaaotnroas. Hypkoalufebnfeo, ebjrnosnm hnpotejayfph ckrfotekb, ebjrnosnm pkrtoa vnbkus prnssurn, obm rnboa rntnbtekb kc skmeuf obmwotnr oaa jkbtrelutn tk thn mnvnakpfnbt kc osjetns, lut hovn aettan tk mk wethnbjnphoakpothy.?<=. ]hn obswnr es M. Bnurkbs orn pnrfobnbt jnaas, obm thn jaossej tnojheb` hos lnnbthot bnurkbs mk bkt prkaecnrotn mureb` omuat aecn (rnjnbt nvemnbjn josts skfn mkult kbthes jkbjnpt). Lrkbjheoa npethnaeoa jnaas, òstrej fujksoa jnaas, obm sieb npethnaeoa jnaasorn aolean jnaas. Hnpotkjytns obm rnboa tuluaor jnaas orn stolan jnaas. Lkth aolean obmstolan jnaas orn jopolan kc prkaecnrotekb obm rn`nbnrotekb.?<>. ]hn obswnr es J. Nxpksurn tk oslnstks (jkffkb eb jkbstrujtekb wkrinrs,shepyorm wkrinrs, kr pnkpan whk hovn wkrinm weth ebsuaotekb kr cern socnty fotnreoas)forinmay prnmespksns kbn tk fnskthnaekfo kc thn panuro kr pnretkbnuf obm es oaskjaksnay aebinm tk prefory aub` jorjebkfo (nspnjeoaay eb sfkinrs).?<3. ]hn obswnr es M. Zulmuroa hnfotkfo job ln ojutn (n.`., mun tk fkmnrotn hnomtroufo) kr jhrkbej (n.`., mun tk whepaosh). Zulmuroa hnfotkfos orn jousnm ly vnbkuslannmeb`, fkst kctnb crkf aojnrotekb kc thn lremèb` vnebs, whejh gkeb thn jnrnlroavnssnas tk thn vnbkus sebusns wetheb thn muro. ]hn jaossej J] sjob cebmeb` es ckrfotekbkc o ‑jrnsjnbt‖ oakb` thn ebbnr siuaa, whejh es mun tk sulmuroa vnbkus lannmeb`.



>=othkak`y Jkfprnhnbsevn Nxofebotekb-fej-?4-?:

?<0. ]hn obswnr es J. Npemuroa hnfotkfo es fkst kctnb jousnm ly siuaa crojturn wethaojnrotekb kc thn lrobjhns kc thn femman fnbeb`noa ortnry. ]hn jaossej J] sjob cebmebès ckrfotekb kc o ‑anbs-shopnm‖ mnbsety jkbtoebnm wetheb thn suturn aebns kc thn siuaa. ?<8. ]hn obswnr es J. Zulorojhbkem hnfkrrho`n es fkst kctnb jousnm ly rupturn kc olnrry obnurysf kc thn jerjan kc Peaaes. Crobi lakkm foy ln ckubm eb thn JZC, obm meccusn

hnfkrrho`n kvnr thn surcojn kc thn lroeb es mun tk sulorojhbkem lannmeb`.?<5. ]hn obswnr es L. Fnmuaaklaostkfo, o he`hay foae`bobt tufkr, es kbn kc thn fkstcrnqunbtay kjjurreb` foae`bobjens kc noray jheamhkkm. ]hn pkstnrekr jrobeoa cksso es thnfkst jkffkb setn kc thes tufkr. Kthnr he`h-ebjemnbjn tufkrs kc noray jheamhkkm ebjaumnojutn anuinfeo, Peafs tufkr, obm omrnboa bnurklaostkfo.?:4. ]hn obswnr es J. Fnbebèkfo es o lnbe`b tufkr kc thn fnbeb`ns thot es nxtnrboatk thn lroeb obm es thnrnckrn usuoaay surèjoaay rnsnjtolan. Fnbebèkfo es thn snjkbmfkst jkffkb prefory ebtrojrobeoa bnkpaosf. ]hes tufkr jousns o foss nccnjt (ospojn-kjjupyeb` mncnjt) thot physejoaay jkfprnssns, lut mkns bkt ebvomn, lroebpornbjhyfo. Zyfptkfs jkrrnaotn weth thn akjotekb kc thn fnbebèkfo. Ckr nxofpan,thes potenbt―s re`ht-semnm porosoèttoa fnbebèkfo jousnm sakw obm prk`rnssevn anct-

semnm akwnr nxtrnfety wnoibnss.?:?. ]hn obswnr es J. Emekpothej Toriebskb mesnosn es fobecnstnm fkrphkakèjoaay lymnpe`fnbtotekb kc jnaas kc thn sulstobteo be`ro obm akjus jnruanus.?:<. ]hn obswnr es M. Fyosthnbeo `roves es ob outkeffubn meskrmnr jousnm lyoutkobtelkmens tk ojntyajhkaebn rnjnptkrs kc thn bnurkfusjuaor gubjtekb. Mrofotejefprkvnfnbt eb fusjan strnb`th weth ob obtejhkaebnstnrosn o`nbt, sujh osnmrkphkbeuf, es o usncua meo`bkstej se`b.?::. ]hn obswnr es L. Hubteb`tkb mesnosn, o meskrmnr jousnm ly ob ebjrnosnm buflnrkc trebujanktemn rnpnots, es fobecnstnm obotkfejoaay ly prk`rnssevn mn`nbnrotekb obmotrkphy kc thn joumotn bujanus, putofnb, obm crkbtoa jkrtnx. ]hn joumotn bujanusbkrfoaay lua`ns jkbvnxay ebtk thn aotnroa vnbtrejans9 thus otrkphy kc thn joumotn bujanusrnsuats eb thn oppnorobjn kc ‑lot-web`-shopnm‖ kr nbaor`nm aotnroa vnbtrejans. ?:=. ]hn obswnr es L. Hypnrtrkphej kstnkorthrkpothy, fobecnsteb` os jaulleb` kc thnceb`nrs obm osskjeotnm pnrekstetes kc thn mestoa romeus obm uabo, es osskjeotnm weth jhrkbejaub` mesnosn, jyobktej hnort mesnosn, obm kthnr systnfej meskrmnrs.?:>. ]hn obswnr es N. Cnaty sybmrkfn es thn jkflebotekb kc spanbkfnòay,bnutrkpnbeo, obm rhnufotkem orthretes.?:3. ]hn obswnr es O. Obmrklaostkfo (Znrtkae jnaa tufkr), o bkb`nrf jnaa tufkrmnrevnm crkf thn snx jkrm, es fkst kctnb lnbe`b. ]hnsn tufkrs, oakb` weth Anyme`(ebtnrsteteoa) jnaa tufkrs, foy ln hkrfkbn-prkmujeb`, skfntefns naolkroteb` nstrk`nbsobm prnsnbteb` eb foans weth `ybnjkfosteo obm kthnr cnfebezeb` nccnjts.?:0. ]hn obswnr es N. Znfebkfo, o `nrf jnaa tufkr kc thn tnstes weth pnoi ebjemnbjn ebthn fem-:4s o`n `rkup, es oboak`kus tk (obm hestkakèjoaay jaksnay rnsnflans)mys`nrfebkfo kc thn kvory.?:8. ]hn obswnr es N. ]hn prktktypn kc thn bnphretej sybmrkfn es pkststrnptkjkjjoaàkfnruakbnphretes.?:5. ]hn obswnr es O. \nboa ofyakemkses job kjjur eb lkth prefory obm snjkbmoryofyakemkses. Eb thn aottnr, thn fkst crnqunbtay kjjurreb` ubmnrayeb` eaabnss es rhnufotkemorthretes.



?=4. ]hn obswnr es L. Meolntej bnphrkpothy es forinm ly meccusn kr bkmuaor fnsobèoa Ojjufuaotekbs kc ayjksyaotnm losnfnbt fnflrobn-aein fotnreoa.?=?. ]hn obswnr es O. ]hn jaebejoa obm fejrksjkpej pejturn es thot kc @EZ]. ]hnsntufkrs fkst jkffkbay oresn eb thn sulfujkso kc thn stkfojh lut job oresn obywhnrnoakb` thn @E trojt obm kjjosekboaay kjjur kutsemn thn @E trojt. Fejrksjkpejoaay thny orn

jkfpresnm kc spebmanm jnaas whejh stoeb ckr JM??0. Kb thn fkanjuaor anvna, @EZ]s shkwfutotekbs eb thn kbjk`nbn j-iet . O febkrety kc tufkrs oask shkw TM@C\-οfutotekbs.

Oathku`h fkst josns orn ebmkanbt obm jurnm ly rnsnjtekb, o sulsnt shkws o``rnssevnlnhovekr. Zezn, fetktej jkubt, obm akjotekb orn thn fkst efpkrtobt prnmejtkrs kcprk`bkses, weth sfoaa sezn, akw fetktej ojtevety, obm òstrej akjotekb su``nsteb` rnaotevnaylnbe`b lnhovekr.?=<. ]hn obswnr es O. ]hn potenbt hos pobjrnotej omnbkjorjebkfo, o jkffkbfoae`bobjy kc thn pobjrnos. Et es fkrn jkffkb eb sfkinrs. Oathku`h jhrkbejpobjrnotetes es o resi cojtkr, thnrn es bkt o stroe`htckrworm aebi weth oajkhka usn obmebmnnm, thn jhrkbej pobjrnotetes fkst kctnb osskjeotnm weth pobjrnotej jobjnr es bkt thnjkbvnbtekboa typn klsnrvnm eb oajkhkaejs. Tobjrnotej omnbkjorjebkfos orn fkst

jkffkb eb thn hnom kc thn pobjrnos obm orn thku`ht tk oresn eb pobjrnotej myspaoseoibkwb os TobEB. TobEB usuoaay shkws futotekbs eb I\OZ whean sulsnqunbt futotekbs,kctnb ebvkaveb` p>:, p?3, obm MTJ=/ZFOM= orn rnquernm ckr cuaa-lakwb ebvosevn jobjnr.Fujebkus jystej bnkpaosfs kc thn pobjrnos orn rnaotevnay ebmkanbt tufkrs whejh ornfkst jkffkb eb thn pobjrnotej toea obm whejh usuoaay shkw kvoreob-typn strkfo, whejhes bkt o cnoturn kc pobjrnotej omnbkjorjebkfo.?=:. ]hn obswnr es M. Fnrina jnaa jorjebkfo es o bnurknbmkjrebn tufkr kc thn siebwhejh fkst jkffkbay oresns eb thn hnom obm bnji kc thn namnray. Et es jkfpresnm kcsfoaa rkubm laun jnaas thot nxprnss bnurknbmkjrebn forinrs obm shkw pnrebujanorstoebeb` ckr jytkinroteb <4. Oathku`h thn fkrphkak`y obm syboptkphyseb stoebeb` jkuamln snnb eb o sfoaa jnaa jorjebkfo kc thn aub`, thn jytkinroteb <4 stoebeb` wkuam bkt ln

nxpnjtnm.

\ncnrnbjn Zkurjns7

Orthur Z. Zjhbnemnr OZ, Zzobtk TO , L\Z Tothkak`y >th Nm., AAP <4?:

Mumni \P. He`h-Uenam Hestkpothkak`y:n, AAP <4??

Infp PA, Lurbs MI, Lrkwb ]@. TO]HKAK@U7 ]HN LE@ TEJ]^\N 9 Fj@row-HeaaJkfpobens <448

IVMS Comprehensive Pathology Examination w Answers

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