Islam in Asia

ISLAM IN ASIA      

COURSE OUTLINE: People often overlook the fact that the largest Muslim country in the world—Indonesia—is in Asia. Most countries in the region from Burma to the Philippines have sizeable Muslim populations as well. This course will introduce students to the history and varieties of Muslim life in East Asia and Southeast Asia during the past 1,200 years. It will begin with a chronological examination of the arrival of Islam in Asia shortly after the death of the Prophet Muhammad, through the strengthening and growth of Muslim communities during the Mongol period, to the gradual acculturation of Islam to different localities in the early modern period. The main focus of the course will lie in the 17th-21th centuries, when Muslims were an ordinary part of everyday life in Asia and participated actively in the formation of state politics, modernist social and political movements, and the definition of both minority and majority identities in the region. Through a comparative historical approach, we will examine themes of gender, imperialism and nationalism, religious education, pilgrimage, Islamic modernism, and religious extremism. Careful reading and critical discussion of a selection of primary and secondary source readings will deepen your knowledge of some of the issues and circumstances facing Muslims in the Asia today such as the separatist movement among the Uyghurs in China’s Xinjiang region, the mass migration of Filipino Muslims to the Arabian Gulf and Saudi Arabia to work as domestic servants, and the recent wave of Muslims from Indonesia and Malaysia leaving their homelands to join the Islamic State.  

Dr. Kelly Hammond

KEY THEMES OF THE COURSE:

• Religion and Politics—Imperialism, Colonialism, Nationalism, Secularism and Democratization

• Encounters—Migration and Adaptation • Transfers and connections—Technologies, Goods, and Ideologies • Human Agency in the historical process

LEARNING OBJECTIVES AND COURSE GOALS: Thinking critically about history and historical writing Giving meaning to the past and representing it in ways that are comprehensible to others carries an enormous amount of responsibility: historians are accountable not only to their subjects, but also to their readers and to themselves. History contributes to our understanding of our own surroundings, so by thinking critically about history and the ways historians use narrative, we can raise thoughtful questions about the meaning of history and historical writing vis-à-vis our daily lives and the current geo-political climate. In this course, you will learn how to formulate ideas about the past through the critical and thoughtful analysis of both primary and secondary sources.

Thinking critically about Islam and Asia This course is composed of both lectures and discussions that are designed to make you look at Islam and Asia from different angles, in both disciplinary and geographical terms. We will unpack some stereotypes that are deeply embedded in western perceptions of Islam with the hopes that everyone will come away from the class with a more nuanced understanding of Islam’s place in the world beyond Asia. We will think about how the physical and cultural landscapes of Asian history impacted its historical development of the religion in the region and how Islam informs the current geopolitical situation in Asia. We will also explore how historical legacies help to define and re-define Islamic practices in Asia. Preparing for discussions in a pro-active way All the assignments are meant to prepare you for discussions we will have in class. You should finish your readings the day before class. This will give you time to think about how the reading relates to common themes running through the course. All the assignments are meant to help you develop analytic skills and construct well-formed arguments independently.

COURSE MATERIALS: ***Please bring copies of all your readings to every class to facilitate discussions.***

Course Readings and Material The course relies several monographs and multiple supplementary materials that will be made available on Blackboard, on reserve from the library, on websites, and through online scholarly databases such as JSTOR or Academic Search Elite. Required Texts: Lapidus, Ira M. A History of Islamic Societies. New York: Cambridge University Press,

2014 (Third Edition). Lipman, Jonathan. Familiar Strangers: A history of Muslims in Northwest China. Seattle:

University of Washington Press, 1997. Tagliacozzo, Eric. The Longest Journey: Southeast Asians and the Pilgrimage to Mecca.

New York: Oxford University Press, 2013. Firsk, Sylva. Submitting to God: Women and Islam in Urban Malaysia. Seattle:

University of Washington Press, 2009. Murata, Sachiko. Chinese Gleams of Sufi Light. Albany: State University of New York

Press, 2000.  

 Course methods & requirements 1. Attendance

Attendance is MANDATORY. Discussions only work well if everyone attends and is an active participant. If for some serious reason you are not able to attend, you must notify the instructor in writing BEFORE class that you will not be there. Afterwards, as a matter of respect, please explain to the instructor in person why you were absent. In the case that you miss a class, you will be required to hand in an additional written reading report (see below), which will not count towards the eight required of you throughout the semester. More than three unexcused absences result in an automatic failure of the course.

2. Course evaluation

A. Reading & Active Class Participation—25% B. Reading Responses (8)—20% C. Book Review—25% D. Final Paper: Primary source analysis—30%

A. Reading & Active Class Participation—25%

As this course is grounded in engaged discussion, students’ commitment to the reading is imperative. Your physical attendance is meaningless without active participation. Talking to the professor during her office hours about your paper topics, the readings, or any other questions you have regarding the course are also strongly encouraged. There will be numerous occasions throughout the semester where you will be asked to make a brief (2 minute) presentation about the findings of your research or about the readings.

B. Reading responses (8)—20%

Throughout the semester, you are required to submit eight weekly reading reports that will be graded. These reports should be no more than 400-500 words. The reports should offer a concise summary of the themes of the readings for the week, as well as provide a thoughtful analysis and/or pose some questions that may have arisen for you while you were reading. This assignment is meant to get you thinking critically about the readings, so they will only be accepted at the beginning of class. Please double-space and hand in assignments to the professor. If you submit more than eight reports, your eight best reports will be used to calculate your grade.

C. Book Review—25%

In lieu of a midterm, you will be required to write a 1000-1200 word analytic paper discussing the historical accuracy and significance of a book chosen either from the list provided at the end of this syllabus, or selected individually with the instructor’s approval. More instructions will be given in class at the beginning of the semester.

D. Final Paper—Primary Source Analysis 30%

As there is no final exam for this class, students are expected to prepare a final paper based on one or more primary sources chosen by the student and discussed with the professor throughout the semester. The source should be contextualized and analyzed. A list of possible sources will be circulated to students in the first weeks of class, but students need not feel limited by these topics. The paper, not including footnotes and bibliography, should be around 3000 words (10-12 pages; double-spaced with regular margins; 12 point Times New Roman). If you want to use a source in a language apart from English, French, Chinese or Japanese, you

must also provide your translation of the source into English for the professor as an appendix to your paper. Here are a few examples of sources in English that can be analysed (and that are available from the professor): “Indonesia Briefing: Al-Qaeda In Southeast Asia: the Case of the “Ngruki

Network in Indonesia” International Crisis Group. January 10, 2003. “Muslims and a Harmonious Society: Selected papers from a Three-Conference

Series on Muslims Minorities in Northwest China.” Ethnic Minority Group Development Research Institute within the Development Research Center of China’s State Council. 2009.

Famularo, Julia. “Chinese Religious Regulation in the Xinjiang Uyghur

Autonomous Region: A Veiled Threat to Turkic Muslims?” Project 2049 Initiative. 2014.

“Legitimizing Repression: China’s ‘War on Terror’ under Xi Jinping and State

Policy in East Turkestan.” Uyghur Human Rights Project. 2014. “The Moro problem: an academic discussion of the history and solution of the

problem of the government of the Moros of the Philippine islands.” 1913. Archive.org/details/afj2200.0001.001.umich.edu

Soekarno. Nationalism, Islam, and Marxism.1927.

http://cmip.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=cmip;idno=cmip048

Hurgronje, Christiaan Snouck. Selected works of Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje. Lieden: Brill, 1957.

Academic honesty

As thoughtful and informed students, you should all be aware of the University of Arkansas policies concerning academic honesty and integrity. Please see http://honesty.uark.edu/policy/ for details about how to maintain integrity throughout your academic career. Please note that anyone who is caught in violation of the honor code will be dealt with accordingly.

Communications E-mail.

E-mail is the best way to get in touch with me: sending me a message to guarantees a quick response, unless you send your email at 3:00 a.m. Please remember that we have a professional relationship, so write and address your e-

mails accordingly. All e-mails from the Professor will be sent to your @uark.edu address unless you indicate otherwise. It is the responsibility of the student to check their @uark.edu address.

 Reference tools and recommended reading: Wang Jianping. Glossary of Chinese Islamic Terms. Richmond: Curzon Press, 2001. Israeli, Raphael. Islam in China: A Critical Bibliography. Westport: Greenwood Press,

1997. Lapidus, Ira M. A History of Islam Societies. New York: Cambridge University Press,

2014 (Third Edition). Week 1—Introduction to Islam and Asia Lecture I—How should we think about Islam historically? Required Readings: Roff, William. “Islam Obscured: Some Reflections on Studies of Islam & Society in

Southeast Asia.” Archipel 29:29 (1985) 7-34. Voll, John. “Islam as a Special World System,” Journal of World History. 5.2 (1994):

213-226. Esposito, John L. “Islam in Asia: an Introduction.” in Islam in Asia, edited by John L.

Esposito. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987: 10-26. Owen, Susan. “The World Religion paradigm: Time for a change.” Arts and Humanities

in Higher Education. 10.3 (July 2011): 253-268. Recommended: Lapidus, Ira M. A History of Islamic Societies. New York: Cambridge University Press,

2014 (Third Edition) 22-143; 167-174. (Recommended if you do not have a background in the history of Islam.)

Lecture II—How should we define Asia? Van Bruinessen, Martin. “New Perspectives on Southeast Asian Islam?” Bijdragen tot de

Taal 143:4 (1987): 519-538. Karl, Rebecca E. “Creating Asia: China in the World at the Beginning of the Twentieth

Century.” The American Historical Review. 103: 4 (October 1998): 1096-1118.

Winichakul, Thongchai. Siam Mapped: A history of the Geo-Body of a Nation. Honolulu:

University of Hawaii Press, 1994. Page Selection Week 2—How did Islam get to Asia? Lecture I—Indian Ocean Connections Lapidus, Ira M. A History of Islamic Societies. New York: Cambridge University Press,

2014 (Third Edition) 269-287; 329-331; 432-446; 490-510. Othman, Mohammad Redzuan. “The Origins and Contributions of Early Arabs in

Malaya,” in Southeast Asia and the Middle East: Islam, Movement, and the Long Durée, edited by Eric Tagliacozzo. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2009: 83-110.

Ma Huan. The Overall Survey of the Ocean’s Shores from 1433. Translated and edited by

J.V Mills. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1970. PAGE SELECTION. Lecture II—Silk Road Connections Foltz, Richard. “The Islamization of the Silk Road,” Religions of the Silk Road:

Premodern Patterns of Globalization. New York: Palgrave Macmillian, 2010: 85-104.

Rose, Jenny. “The Sogdians: Prime Movers between Boundaries.” Comparative Studies

of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 30:3 (November 2010): 410-419. Liu Yingsheng. “A Lingua France along the Silk Road: Persian Language in China

between the 14th and 16th centuries.” In Aspects of the maritime Silk Road: from the Persian Gulf to the East China Sea edited by Ralph Kauz. New York: Harrossowitz, 2010. 87-95.

China’s ancient city where Islam took hold:

http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20150326-chinas-ancient-city-where-islam-took-hold?ocid=socialflow_facebook

Week 3—Islam and adaptation Lecture I—Islam and the Mongols—a symbiotic relationship? Lapidus, Ira M. A History of Islamic Societies. New York: Cambridge University Press,

2014 (Third Edition) 414-431. Morgan, David. The Mongols. Malden, MA.: Blackwell Publishers, 2007 (Third Edition).

Page selection.

Budge, Sir E.A. Wallis (translator). The Monks of Kublai Khan: Emperor of China:

medieval travels from China through Central Asia to Persia and beyond. London: IB Tauris, 2014. PAGE SELECTION

Lecture II—Sufism in Asia Green, Nile. “From Mysticism to Tradition: Conceptualizing Sufism.” in Sufism: A

Global History edited by Nile Green. New York: Blackwell Publishing, 2012: 1-15.

The last of the Ashiqs: the Sufi troubadours of Xinjiang

https://gypsyplaykurddance.wordpress.com/2014/04/09/the-last-of-the-ashiqs-the-sufi-troubadours-of-xinjiang/

Choose one of Van Bruinessen’s articles: Van Bruinessen, Martin. “Studies of Sufism and the Sufi Orders in Indonesia.” Die Welt

des Islams 38:2 (July 1998): 192-219. Van Bruinessen, Martin. “The Origins and Development of the Naqshbandi Order in

Indonesia.” in Origins and Development of the Sufi Orders (tarékat) in Southeast Asia edited by Martin Van Bruinessen. Lieden: Brill, 1998: 150-179.

Week 4—Islam and adaptation Lecture I—Sufism in China Murata, Sachiko. Chinese Gleams of Sufi Light. Albany: State University of New York

Press, 2000. Lecture II—Islam and Confucianism Lipman, Jonathan. Familiar Strangers: A history of Muslims in Northwest China. Seattle:

University of Washington Press, 1997. Page Selection How ‘Chinese’ are China’s Muslims?

http://www.whatsonweibo.com/islaminchina/ Erie, Matthew S. “Introduction to ‘Islam in China/China in Islam.” Cross-Currents: East

Asian History and Culture Review 12 (September 2014): 1-13.

Week 5—Communities and Connections Lecture I— Asia and the dar-al-Islam Lapidus, Ira M. A History of Islamic Societies. New York: Cambridge University Press,

2014 (Third Edition) 729-755. Ho, Yip-Wai. “Mobilizing the Muslim Minority for China’s Development: Hui Muslims,

Ethnic Relations and Sino-Arab Connections” Journal of Comparative Asian Development 12, no. 1 (2013): 84-112.

Benite, Zvi Ben-Dor. “Nine years in Egypt”: Al-Azhar University and the Arabization of

Chinese Islam.” Hagar 8:1 (Summer 2008): 1-22. Van Bruinessen, Martin. “Indonesian Muslims and their place in the larger world of

Islam.” In Indonesia rising: the repositioning of Asia’s third giant edited by Anthony Reid. Singapore: ISEAS, 2012: 117-140.

Lecture II—Inter-Asian connections between Muslim communities Piscatori, James. “Asian Islam: International Linkages and Their Impact on International

Relations.” in Islam in Asia, edited by John L. Esposito. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987: 230-261.

Tagliacozzo, Eric. “Southeast Asia and the Middle East: Charting Directions,” in

Southeast Asia and the Middle East: Islam, Movement, and the Long Durée, edited by Eric Tagliacozzo. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2009: 1-16.

Zhuang Wubin. Chinese Muslims in Indonesia. Singapore: Select Publishing, 2011. Hisao Komatsu. “Muslim Intellectuals and Japan: a Pan-Islamist mediator, Aburreshid

Ibrahim.” In Intellectuals in the Modern Islamic World: Transmission, Transformation and Communication, edited by Stéphane A. Dudoignon, Komatsu Hisao and Kosugi Yasushi. New York: Routledge, 2009: 274-296.

Week 6—Islam and Ideology Lecture I—Islam and Imperialism in Asia Lapidus, Ira M. A History of Islamic Societies. New York: Cambridge University Press,

2014 (Third Edition) 511-522; 544-578 (not required, but recommended). Hawkins, Michael. Making Moros: Imperial historicism and American military rule in

the Philippines’ Muslim South. Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2012. Page selection

Lecture II—Islam and imperialism in Asia DuBois, Thomas. “Introduction: The Transformation of Religion in East and Southeast

Asia—pragmatic change in Regional perspective,” in Casting Faiths: Imperialism and the Transformation of Religion in East and Southeast Asia edited by Thomas David DuBois. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009: 1-22.

Michael, Franz. “Japan—Protector of Islam!” Pacific Review 4.94 (1942): 471-496. Records of the Hajj: a Documentary History of the Pilgrimage to Mecca, Volume VII

(the Saudi Period 1935-1951): 7.20 Japanese and Chinese interest in the pilgrimage, 341-349.

Green, Nile. “Buddhism, Islam and the religious economy of colonial Burma.” Journal of

Southeast Asian Studies. 46:2 (June 2015): 175-204. Week 7—Movements, migrations and modernity Lecture I—The Hajj Bianchi, Robert. “Introduction,” in Guests of God: Pilgrimage and Politics in the Islamic

World, edited by Robert Bianchi. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004. Roff, William R. “The Meccan Pilgrimage: Its Meaning for Southeast Asian Islam.” In

Islam in Asia, Volume II, edited by Raphael Israeli. Boulder: Westview Press, 1984: 37-58.

Snouck, Hurgronje C. Mekka in the latter part of the 19th century daily life, customs and

learning, the Moslims of the East-Indian archipelago. Leiden: Brill, 2007. Page Selection.

Lecture II—The Hajj Tagliacozzo, Eric. The Longest Journey: Southeast Asians and the Pilgrimage to Mecca.

New York: Oxford University Press, 2013. Page selection. Week 8—Movements, migrations and modernity Lecture I—The railroad and Islam in Asia Green, Nile. “From the Silk Road to the Railroad (and back): The means and meanings of

the Iranian encounter with China.” Iranian Studies. (2013): 1-28. Green, Nile. “The Rail Hajjis: The Trans-Siberian Railway and the Long Way to Mecca.”

In Hajj: Collected Essays, edited by Venetia Porter. London: British Museum, 2013: 100-114.

Lecture II—Urbanization and Islam is Asia Brown, Tristan. “Imagining Consumers: Print Culture and Muslim Advertising in Early

Twentieth Century China.” The Muslim World 104 (July 2014): 336-353. Green, Nile. “Introduction: Global Muslims in the Age of Steam and Print.” In Global

Muslims in the Age of Steam and Print, edited by James Gelvin and Nile Green. Berkeley: UC Press, 2014: 1-22.

Week 9—Islam and Ideology Lecture II—Islam and modernity in Asia Lapidus, Ira M. A History of Islamic Societies. New York: Cambridge University Press,

2014 (Third Edition) 667-697. Masud, Muhamma Khalid. “Islamic Modernism,” in Islam and Modernity: Key Issues

and Debates. 261-284. Van Bruinessen, Martin. “Muslims of the Dutch East Indies and the Caliphate Question.”

Studia Islamika 2:3 (1995): 115-140. Lecture II—Islam and secularism in Asia Lapidus, Ira M. A History of Islamic Societies. New York: Cambridge University Press,

2014 (Third Edition), 826-858. Khalid, Abeed. “A Secular Islam: Nation, State, and Religion in Uzbekistan,” in

International Journal of Middle East Studies 35 (2003), 573-598. Ken Miichi. “Democratization and ‘Failure’ of Islamic Parties in Indonesia,” in Southeast

Asian Muslims in the Era of Globalization edited by Ken Miichi and Omar Farouk. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015: 127-145.

Week 10—Islam and Ideology Lecture I—Islam and nationalism Friedland, Roger and Kenneth B. Moss. “Thinking through Religious Nationalism.” In

Words. Situating Religion in Language edited by Asja Szafraniec and Ernst van den Hemel. New York: Fordham, 2015: 423-266.

Anwar, Syafi'i. “Political Islam in Post-Suharto Indonesia: The Contest between

``Radical-Conservative Islam'' and ``Progressive-Liberal Islam'” in Southeast Asia and the Middle East: Islam, Movement, and the Long Durée, edited by Eric Tagliacozzo. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2009: 349-387.

Benite, Zvi Ben Dor. “From ‘Literati’ to ‘Ulama’: the origins of Chinese Muslim

Nationalist historiography.” Nationalism and Ethnic Politics 9.83 (2004): 83-109. Lecture II—Islam and communism Lindbeck, John M. H. “Communism, Islam and Nationalism in China.” The Review of

Politics 12:4 (Oct., 1950) 473-488. Letter from Ahmetjan Qasimi and Rahim Jan Sabri to Mr. Savel’yev, Consul General of

the USSR in Urumqi. July 12, 1947. http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/121803 Voll, John Obert. “Soviet Central Asia and China: Integration or Isolation of Muslim

Societies,” in Islam in Asia, edited by John L. Esposito. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987: 125-151.

“Chinese Imams Forced to Dance.” February 15, 2015.

http://www.onislam.net/english/news/asia-pacific/482889-chinese-imams-forced-to-dance.html

Week 11—Gender and Islam in Asia Lecture I—Masculinity and Islam Dautcher, Jay. Down a Narrow Road: Identity and Masculinity in a Uyghur community in

Xinjiang China. Cambridge, MA.: Harvard University Press, 2009. PAGE SELECTION

Lecture II—Women and Islam Firsk, Sylva. Submitting to God: Women and Islam in Urban Malaysia. Seattle:

University of Washington Press, 2009. Page Selection Rinaldo, R. “Muslim Women, Moral Visions: Globalization and Gender Controversies in

Indonesia.” Qualitative Sociology, 34:4 (2011): 539-360. Week 12—Gender and Islam in Asia/Islamic Law in Asia Lecture I—Women and Islam

Mahmood, Saba. Politics of Piety: the Islamic Revival and the Feminist Subject. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2005. Page selection

Jascok, Maria and Shui Jingjun. The history of women’s mosques in Chinese Islam.

Richmond: Curzon, 2000. Page Selection

Lecture II—Islamic Law in Asia Bowen, John R. “Contours of Sharia in Indonesia,” in Democracy and Islam in

Indonesia, edited by Mirjam Künkler and Alfred Stepan. New York: Columbia University Press, 2013: 149-167.

Erie, Matthew S. “Defining Shari’a in China: State, Ahong, and the Post-secular turn.”

Cross-Currents: East Asian History and Culture Review 12 (September 2014): 1-30.

Week 13—Islam and education in Asia Lecture I—Modernity and the Madrasah van Bruinessen, Martin. “Introduction: Behind the Walls: Re-Appraising the Role and

Importance of Madrasas in the World Today.” In Madrasa in Asia: Political Activism and Transnational Linkages,” edited by Martin van Bruinessen. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2008: 247-275.

Hamid, Ahmad Fauzi Abdul. “Globalization of Islamic Education in Southeast Asia,” in

Southeast Asian Muslims in the Era of Globalization edited by Ken Miichi and Omar Farouk. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015: 11-43.

Abdurehim, Mamutjan. “Transnational Migration and Religious Practice: Uyghur

Students in Malaysia.” Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs. 35:1 (2015): 1-17. Lecture II—Modernity and the Madrasah? Noorhaidi Hasan. “The Salafi Madrasas of Indonesia.” In Madrasa in Asia: Political

Activism and Transnational Linkages,” edited by Martin van Bruinessen. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2008: 247-275.

Liow, Joseph Chinyong. Islam, Education, and reform in Southern Thailand: tradition

and Transformation. Singapore: Institute for Southeast Asian Studies, 2009. Page selection

Week 14—The Uyghurs: Strangers in their own land? Lecture I—Who are the Uyghurs? Bovingdon, Gardner. The Uyghurs: Strangers in their own Land. New York: Columbia

University Press, 2010. PAGE SELECTION

Lecture II—Why are the Uyghurs so severely repressed under the Chinese Communist Regime? Finley, Joanne Smith. “Chinese Oppression in Xinjiang, Middle Eastern Conflicts and

Global Islamic Solidarities among the Uyghurs.” Journal of Contemporary China 18:53 (2007): 627-654.

Gladney, Dru. “Islam in China: State Policing and Identity Politics.” In Making Religion,

Making the State, edited by Yoshiko Ashiwa and David L. Wank. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2009. 151-178.

“The Ethnic Roots of China’s Uyghur Crisis.” Al-Jazeera. July 14, 2015.

http://america.aljazeera.com/opinions/2015/7/the-ethnic-roots-of-chinas-uighur-crisis.html

Chen, John. “When Islam was an ally: China’s changing concepts of Islamic state and Islamic world.”

http://www.mei.edu/content/map/when-islam-was-ally-china%E2%80%99s-changing-concepts-islamic-state-and-islamic-world

Week 15—Understanding Contemporary Issues through history Lecture I—Islam and the War on Terror in Asia Bernstein, Richard “From China to Jihad?” The New York Review of Books. September 8,

2014. http://www.nybooks.com/blogs/nyrblog/2014/sep/08/china-jihad/

“Al-Qaeda in Southeast Asia: The Case of the Ngruki Network” in Indonesia”

International Crisis Group—Indonesia Briefing. Jakarta/Brussels, August 8, 2002.

Van Bruinessen, Martin. “Genealogies of Islamic radicalism in post-Suharto Indonesia,”

South East Asia Research. 10:2 (2002): 117-154. Dakake, David. “The Myth of Militant Islam,” in Islam, Fundamentalism, and the

Betrayal of Tradition, Revised and Expanded: Essays by Western Muslim Scholars edited by Joseph Lumbard. Bloomington: World Wisdom, 2009.

Lecture II—Global Islam 2.0 Green, Nile. “Introduction: Terrains of Exchange.” in Terrains of Exchange: Religious

Economies of Global Islam. New York: Hurst & Company, 2015: 1-58.

Sidel, John T. “Jihad and the Specter of Transnational Islam in Contemporary Southeast Asia: A Comparative Historical Perspective,” in Southeast Asia and the Middle East: Islam, Movement, and the Long Durée, edited by Eric Tagliacozzo. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2009: 275-317.

Martinez, Patricia. “Deconstructing Jihad: Southeast Asian Contexts,” in After Bali: The

Threat of Terrorism in Southeast Asia. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003: 59-79.

What does the death of the Philippines top Islamic militant mean?

http://thediplomat.com/2015/05/what-does-the-death-of-the-philippines-top-islamic-militant-mean/

 Possible Books for Review: Arnold, James R. The Moro War: How America Battled a Muslim Insurgency in the

Philippine Jungle, 1902-1913. New York: Bloomsbury Press, 2011. Béller-Hann, Ildiko, ed. Situating the Uyghurs between China and Central Asia. Ashgate:

Burlington, 2007. Béller-Hann, Ildiko. Community Matters in Xinjiang 1880-1949: towards a historical

anthropology of the Uyghur. Leiden: Brill, 2008. Benite, Zvi Ben-Dor. The Dao of Muhammad: A Cultural history of Muslims in Late

Imperial China. Cambridge, MA.: Harvard University Press, 2008. Crews, Robert D. For prophet and tsar: Islam and empire in Russia and Central Asia.

Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2006. Dillon, Michael. China’s Muslim Hui Community: migration, settlement and sects.

Richmond: Curzon, 1999. Dillon, Michael. China’s Muslims. Hong Kong: Oxford University Press, 1996. Federspiel Howard. Sultans, shamans, and saints: Islam and Muslims in Southeast Asia.

Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 2007. Forbes, Andrew. Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: A Political history of

Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1986. Geertz, Clifford. Islam Observed: Religious Development in Morocco and Indonesia.

New Haven: Yale University Press, 1968. Gin, Ooi Keat. Brunei—History, Islam, Society and Contemporary Issues. New York:

Routledge Contemporary Southeast Asia Series, 2015.

Keller, Shoshana. To Moscow, Not Mecca: The Soviet Campaign Against Islam in

Central Asia, 1917-1941. New York: Preager, 2001. Khalid, Adeeb. The Politics of Muslim Cultural Reform—Jadidism in Central Asia.

Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998. Khalid, Abeed. Islam after Communism—Religion and Politics in Central Asia.

Berkeley: University of California Press, 2007. Kim, Hodong. Holy War in China: the Muslim Rebellions and State in Chinese Central

Asia, 1864-1887. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2004. Klimes, Ondrej. Struggles by the Pen: The Uyghur Discourse of nation and national

interest, c. 1900-1949. Leiden: Brill, 2015. Majul, Cesar Adib. Muslims in the Philippines. Manila: University of the Philippines,

1999. Majul, Cesar Adib. The Contemporary Muslim Movement in the Philippines. Berkeley:

Mizan Press, 1987. McKenna, Thomas. Muslim Rulers and Rebels: Everyday Politics and Armed Separatism

in the Southern Philippines. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998. Millward, James A. Beyond the Pass: Economy, Ethnicity and Empire in Qing Central

Asia, 1759-1864. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1998. Millward James. Eurasian Crossroads: a history of Xinjiang. Stanford: Stanford

University Press, 2006. Morgan, David. The Mongols. New York: Blackwell Publishing, 2007. Newby, Laura. The Empire and the Khanate: A Political history of Qing Relations with

Khoqand, 1760-1860. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2005. Rudleson, Justin Jon. Oasis Identities: Uyghur Nationalism along China’s Silk Road.

New York: Columbia University Press, 1997. Thum, Rian. Sacred Routes of Uyghur History. Cambridge, MA.: Harvard University

Press, 2014. Truxillo, Charles. Crusaders in the Far East: the Moro Wars in the Philippines in the

Context of the Ibero-Islamic World War. New York: Jain Publishing, 2012. Yegar, Moshe. The Muslims of Burma. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrasowitz, 1972.