IPBES GRULAC Consultation Meeting - FAPESP

IPBES GRULAC Consultation Meeting

Mexico’s Presentation

Biól. Hesiquio Benítez Díaz General Director for International Cooperation and Implementation

CONABIO-MEXICO

(11- 13 July 2013, Sao Paulo, Brazil)

Thursday, 11th July 2013

IPBES Work Programme

Knowledge systems and knowledge generation

Inputs to IPBES Programme of Work

Requests, inputs and suggestions put to the Platform: Australia, Belarus, China, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, France, Italy, Japan, UK. + CBD, CITES, CMS, UNCCD + 10 IGO and NGO. Consideration of initial elements: recognizing indigenous and local knowledge: Bolivia, Germany, Japan, Netherlands, Nigeria, USA, +3 NGO. Conceptual framework to guide the work programme: Bolivia, Canadá, EU, France, Germany, India, Japán Netherlands, Norway, NZ, UK, USA, +12 IGO and NGO. Determining a scoping process for assessments France, Japan, UK, USA, + 2 IGO and NGO

Specimen databases, catalogues and authority files

Species databases

Remote sensing capabilities and electronic cartography, vegetation data, climate data…

Statistical and analytical tools and informatics developments

National and international expert network

SNIB

Constantly

updated

Information from projects

sponsored by CONABIO, data

from repatriation and

collaboration with experts

1. What are the main priorities to address with respect to data on biodiversity and ecosystem services in the region?

1. Structure of a National Biodiversity Information System

Species Information a) Taxonomy

1. Authority files 2. Specimens georeferenced (from museums and field) 3. Inventories 4. Species listings (IUCN, CITES, ESA, National Regulations) 5. Computerization, repatriation, quality control

What are the Taxonomic Authority catalogues?

• Databases of valid scientific names of multiple taxa distributed in

México. Describing authors constitute the citation and are an

important part of the scientific name.

• Well structured hierarchical model based on recognized classification

systems (kingdom to species or infraspecies)

• Following the rules of the International Codes of Nomenclature

• Completeness at different levels (depending on the avaliable

information)

• Data bases used as standards • Based on recent taxonomic and nomenclatural

considerations

• standards for data quality control

Standardizing information

Atlas of mammals

of México (Arita &

Ceballos, 1998)

Checklist of

terrestrial mammals

of Mexico (Ramírez-

Pulido et al, 1996)

Taxonomic information based on different sources

Query of information

Wilson & Reeder, 1993

Catalogue of

native species

of mammals

Wild mammals of

México (Ceballos &

Oliva, 2005)

Herbaria

specimens specimens

Zoological collections

Collections

75 110

3,519,366 4,749,736

Estimado: 5.5 millones Estimado: 9.5 millones

Herbaria

specimens specimens

Colections Herbaria

1,464,299 registries from >189 collections from Mexico and abroad This represents a collection density of ca. 0.7 specimens /km2

EUA 22%

México 77%

UK 1%

Otros 0,005

Fuente: Proyecto Global de Maíces

59 races, collections 1940-2010

Cónico Norteño

Chalqueño

Dulce

Palomero Toluqueño

Arrocillo Amarillo

Cacahuacintle

Bolita

Tabloncillo

Jala

Celaya Tehua

Zapalote Chico

Comiteco

Nal-tel

Cónico

Tuxpeño

Vandeño

Olotillo

Olotón

Tuxpeño

Azul Apachito Gordo

Chapalote

The database has 22,931 registries

Maize diversity

Inventories

File size:

7.6MB(7962628Bytes)

Image size: 2000 x

1312

Resolution: 300 x 300

dpi

Quality mode: HI

(RGB Uncompressed)

Data quality control

Imaging adjustment

Data base

Herbarium, Botanical Gardens New York Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Herbarium, University of Arizona

Zip files are sent via FTP to Conabio

Reception

Revision

Back up

Data access to Biotica

Georreference

5.5 millions of specimens in 629 data bases

0

1.000.000

2.000.000

3.000.000

4.000.000

5.000.000

6.000.000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Lists of Mexican species

There are 6,749 species and 602 infraspecies included in various lists until 2013

List Number of species

NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010 2,606 (2584 valid names)

IUCN 5,014 (4996 valid names)

CITES 2,089 (2041 valid names)

In all 314

Group CR EN VU LR/nt

LR/cd

LR/lc

LC NT EX EW DD

Plants 51 93 163 20 8 86 216 15 - 1 22

Invertebrates 19 28 33 4 1 2 246 9 2 - 97

Vertebrates 179 217 249 8 7 - 2681 163 23 6 365

249 338 445 32 16 88 3143 187 25 7 484

Number of Mexican species by IUCN category

Appendix Number of species

I 151

II 1900

III 27

I, II 11

Group I II III I, II

Plants 82 1439 2 2

Invertebrates 3 231 1 -

Vertebrates 66 230 24 9

Number of species by CITES Appendix

Category Number of species

P (in danger of extinction) 475

A (threatened) 896

Pr (under special protection) 1186

E (extinct in wild) 49

NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010

Number of species by category

Group P A Pr E Total

Algae - - 2 - 2

Plants 183 340 454 6 983

Fungi 10 28 8 - 46

Invertebrates 20 12 17 - 49

Vertebrates 262 516 703 43 1524

1. What are the main priorities to address with respect to data on biodiversity and ecosystem services in the region? (cont…)

1. Structure of a National Biodiversity Information System Species Information b) Monitoring for some biological groups

1. Regions in groups of interest (vertebrates, groups of plants)

2. From species of particular interest (crocodiles, invasive)

• CONABIO is the clearing-house for information on invasive species of

Mexico (introduced weeds, vertebrates, insect pests)

• Keeps a growing virtual library on the taxonomy, biology, sources of

origins of invaders, etc.

• It has a directory of world experts on the different groups

• Basis for decision-making on conservation, management and sustainable use

• Monitoring Program´s scope and intention:

o Relevant wild populations monitoring through specific routes

o Standard periodic surveys to obtain comparable data

o Data obtaining on presence, relative abundance, population size and trends, sex and size ratios, health state, reproduction, habitat.

• Procedures Manual for Mexico, Belize and Guatemala:

http://www.conabio.gob.mx/institucion/cooperacion_internacional/doctos/manualf_monitoreo_cocodrilo.pdf

1. What are the main priorities to address with respect to data on biodiversity and ecosystem services in the region (cont…)?

1. Structure of a National Biodiversity Information System Ecosystems a) Remote sensing (images)

1. Inventories (baselines) 2. Monitoring (change and trends over time)

a) Threats (fires) b) Ecosystems (mangroves)

b) Geoportal

CONABIO receives up to 10 full images of the country every day. We have VIIRS (Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite) & Rapideye

images National cartography at scales of 1:4,000,000, 1:1,000,000 y 1:250,000; Local a 1:50,000. Layers on extreme and average temperatures, rainfall,

radiation, soil, vegetation, biogeography and elevation.

2005:

770,057 ha Mexican

monitoring network

1981: 859,366 ha

2010: 764,486 ha

Map of the benthonic habitats of the

Puerto Morelos Reefs National Park

• World View 2 image, 20th

december of 2010, 4 m resolution

Identified changes: 698912.5 ha 0.3564 % del territory

More than 5,000 maps!

2. Development of bioinformatics tools Species a) Potential distribution maps

1. Conservation, reintroduction 2. Invasive species 3. Risk analysis of GMO 4. AZE 5. Citizen science

1. What are the main priorities to address with respect to data on biodiversity and ecosystem services in the region? (cont…)

Cotorra Serrana Rhynchopsitta pachyrrincha

Which is the potential area of distribution of a specie?

Species’ Predicted Distribution

from Museum specimen data

We identify the distribution areas of the agaves, for the registration of geographic denomination of origin

Since 2000, more than

3,768 (case by case)

recommendations to the

Ministries of the Environment

and Agriculture

Foto: A. Wegier

Gossypium hirsutum (algodón nativo)

Yes

No

No

Intended

introductions

Observations localities

From August 2003 to January 2013: • 2,529 users • 52,291 lists 1,106,035 validated records (until August 2012).

Communitarian bird monitoring network of CONABIO/CBM-M has more than 130 people in 5 states of southeast Mexico. This network has increased the number of records in AverAves since 2010.

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

meses ago 2003 ene 2013

Nú

mer

o d

e li

stad

os

1. What are the main priorities to address with respect to data on biodiversity and ecosystem services in the region? (cont…)

2. Development of bioinformatics tools Ecosystems a) Protected areas b) Priority Regions and GAP analysis c) IBA’s d) Fire-

3. Assessments a) Natural Capital of Mexico b) Ecosystem services valuation

• TEEB • SEEA

Terrestre

Marina

Epicontinental water bodies

260 participants Goverment, academia y civil society

Capital natural on line www.biodiversidad.gob.mx/pais/capitalNatMex.html

3 published volumes y synthesis and a synthesis for decision makers

750 authors and reviewers

227 institutions

Eje Estratégico CNM Metas Nacionales (Principales) Línea de Acción Ejemplos de Acciones

1.2 Difusión y Acceso a la Información

Debe estimularse un mayor acceso público a la información que generen

las instituciones académicas, gubernamentales y la sociedad civil

organizada, en lenguajes y formatos adecuados para diferentes usuarios.

• Se requiere incorporar a la ciudadanía en la obtención de información

básica importante acerca de la biodiversidad en diferentes localidades del

país, así como en esfuerzos de monitoreo de especies y ecosistemas

críticos por su estado de riesgo de extinción o vulnerabilidad, pero

también en ecosistemas perturbados para entender mejor aspectos

básicos para su recuperación y manejo. Es decir, es esencial el desarrollo

de lo que ahora se conoce como ciencia ciudadana y de la cual hay ya

19. Para el 2020, se ha incrementado el conocimiento

científico y tecnológico, acerca de la diversidad

biológica, sus valores y funcionamiento, su estado y

tendencias y las consecuencias de su pérdida y el

conocimiento es ampliamente compartido, transferido y

aplicado.

1.1 Generación, documentación y

desarrollo de capacidades

1. CONOCIMIENTO

• Incrementar los presupuestos operativos para fortalecer la generación

de información en materia de biodiversidad:

– Estimular programas de investigación regionales realizados con el capital

humano e institucional local.

– Establecer un programa nacional para fortalecer a las instituciones

nacionales y estatales que poseen colecciones científicas y desarrollan

inventarios biológicos.

– A poyar programas de monitoreo y evaluación de ecosistemas y de los

factores que los amenazan e impactan de manera negativa (sistemas

de monitoreo marino, terrestre y acuático continental sobre el estado de

conservación que incluyan el estudio de variables físico-químicas,

climáticas y biológicas en regiones representativas).

– Desarrollar y consolidar estudios y proyectos de valoración,

aprovechamiento sustentable y diversificación del uso de la

biodiversidad, así como su integración en las cuentas nacionales.

•Ayudar a establecer en los ámbitos local o regional instituciones puente

Publication of political instruments and setting of national biodioversity targets aligned with the Aichi Targets

TEEB and SEEA

2. What would be the clear and transparent process for sharing and incorporating relevant data?

1. Common policy to share information (i.e. Oaxaca Declaration). 2. Identification/determination of National priorities 3. Open calls for projects 4. Project Evaluation Committee (peer review) 5. Formalization, signing agreements

• Prior Informed Consent (PIC) • Mutually Agreed Terms (MAT)

6. Quality control 7. Public source of information and knowledge for all levels of

society (summaries, reports, data basis, maps, etc.)

Open calls for projects

Open calls for projects

Open calls for projects

3. What are the best ways to ensure data is comparable and time series are maintained?

1. Establishment of standards in databases and cartography (i.e. compatibility with GBIF and INEGI)

2. Baselines 3. Ensure long term financial sustainability for

monitoring (i.e. crocodiles)

It is conformed by 33 nodes in six different countries: Mexico, Costa Rica, Spain, Peru, the UK and the US. It links 124 collections and more than 5.7 million data from 170 countries.

The Biodiversity World Information Network

• Part of GBIF since 2008

4. How can IPBES contribute to monitoring of progress in meeting Aichi Biodiversity Targets (and other biodiversity- related goals) in the region?

See and discuss related documents for SBSTTA 14 at CBD portal

Identify areas of opportunity to provide support bearing in mind: • National targets • Indicators * • 5th National Reports • GBO 4 review * • Mid term review of Strategic Plan *

Role on SNIB

(National Biodiversity Information System)

knowledge, use,

applied and outreach

activities

Web-based applications attention to users

conservation

restoration

biosafety

Risk analysis

Basic

data

specimen data Taxonomic catalogues geospatial data species attributes data

MBDs

GIS

TCP/IP

XML

information

analysis

metadata statistical tools extrapolation tools visualization organization

accumulation curves bioclimatic models complimentary Hot-spot detection

Information Resources

SNIB

Anfibios

Reptiles

Aves

Mamíferos

Angiospermas

CONABIO and experts phase

Information generation

Analysis

Decision takers phase

Analysis computational models, communication y visualization Quality standards of information Integration methods Analysis and Evaluation

Analysis and integration

Síntesis científica

Decision making Support info

Evaluations

Scenarios

Results

Policies generation

Decision making

Values and benefits to society

Impacts

Users interface

Benefits on the improvement in decision taking

Analysis, evaluation and scenarios development

Establishment of institutions that promote, coordinate and carry out activities aimed to increase countries biodiversity related knowledge, to build capacity and stengthen the use for scientific knowledge to support decision making.

Bridge institutions Academic Sector Government

Basic and applied science on natural capital

Public policies oriented to sustainability

Mediadores entre los generadores y usuarios del conocimiento

Informed society and involved in decision making

Translation of the scientific information

Transmit knowledge needs and gaps in information for decision making

Thank you!