Investigate the Life History of Spring Chinook Salmon and Summer Steelhead in the Grande Ronde River Basin Project 199202604 Brian Jonasson Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife
Investigate the Life History of Spring Chinook Salmon and Summer Steelhead in the Grande Ronde River Basin Project 199202604 Brian Jonasson Oregon Department.
Mar 27, 2015
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Investigate the Life History of Spring Chinook Salmon and
Summer Steelhead in the Grande Ronde River Basin
Project 199202604
Brian Jonasson
Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife
Project Goals
• Describe and monitor juvenile life history strategies and life-stage survival of spring chinook salmon and steelhead in the Grande Ronde Subbasin
• Provide baseline natural production and life history information for evaluation of supplementation efforts in the Grande Ronde Subbasin
Juvenile Life History ObjectivesSpring Chinook Salmon
• In-basin migration patterns and abundance
• Survival and migration patterns to mainstem dams
• Life stage survival rates
• Use of winter concealment habitat
• Relationships between rearing habitat and survival and life history patterns
Juvenile Life History ObjectivesSteelhead
• In-basin migration patterns and abundance
• Survival and migration patterns to mainstem dams
• Proportion of fall migrants that smolt in spring
• Population characteristics of steelhead in Catherine Creek in summer
Migration Timing and Abundance
Spring Chinook SalmonCatherine Creek
01,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,000
Week
Ab
un
da
nc
e MY 2000
MY 2001
MY 2002
MY 2003
Migration Timing and Abundance
Spring Chinook SalmonUpper Grande Ronde River
0500
1,0001,5002,0002,5003,0003,5004,000
Week
Ab
un
da
nc
e MY 2000
MY 2001
MY 2002
MY 2003
Migration Timing and Abundance
Spring Chinook SalmonLostine River
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
Week
Ab
un
da
nc
e MY 2000
MY 2001
MY 2002
MY 2003
Migration Timing and Abundance
Spring Chinook SalmonMinam River
02,0004,0006,0008,000
10,00012,00014,00016,00018,00020,000
Week
Ab
un
da
nc
e
MY 2001MY 2002MY 2003
Survival to Lower Granite DamSpring Chinook Salmon
2000 Migratory Year
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Catherine GrandeRonde
Lostine Minam Imnaha
Su
rviv
al (
%)
Summer parr
Early migrants
Winter residents
Late migrants
Hatchery smolts
Survival to Lower Granite DamSpring Chinook Salmon
2001 Migratory Year
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Catherine GrandeRonde
Lostine Minam Imnaha
Su
rviv
al (
%)
Summer parrEarly migrantsWinter residentsLate migrantsHatchery smolts
Survival to Lower Granite DamSpring Chinook Salmon
2002 Migratory Year
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Catherine GrandeRonde
Lostine Minam Imnaha
Su
rviv
al (
%)
Summer parrEarly migrantsWinter residentsLate migrantsHatchery smolts
Survival to Lower Granite DamSpring Chinook Salmon
2003 Migratory Year
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Catherine GrandeRonde
Lostine Minam Imnaha
Su
rviv
al (
%)
Summer parrEarly migrantsWinter residentsLate migrantsHatchery smolts
Abundance of Summer ParrSpring Chinook Salmon
05,000
10,00015,00020,00025,00030,00035,00040,00045,000
1999 2000 2001 2002
Year
Ab
un
da
nc
e
Catherine CreekLostine River
Egg to Smolt SurvivalSpring Chinook Salmon
Catherine Creek
Brood
year
Redds
Eggs
(x 1000)
Smolts
Survival
(%)
1998 34 138 13,494 9.8
1999 40 150 9,508 6.4
2000 34 132 8,369 6.4
2001 133 506 16,653 3.3
Egg to Smolt SurvivalSpring Chinook Salmon
Lostine River
Brood
year
Redds
Eggs
(x 1000)
Smolts
Survival
(%)
1998 35 189 7,900 4.2
1999 57 283 8,183 2.9
2000 64 315 10,112 3.2
2001 130 643 20,415 3.2
Egg to Smolt SurvivalSpring Chinook Salmon
Minam River
Brood
year
Redds
Eggs
(x 1000)
Smolts
Survival
(%)
1999 46 202 25,038 12.4
2000 139 592 45,642 7.7
2001 179 775 53,372 6.9
Winter ConcealmentSpring Chinook Salmon
• Depth
• Velocity
• Substrate
• Embeddedness
• Cover
Pools were ranked based on:
Winter ConcealmentSpring Chinook Salmon
Catherine Creek
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
September October November December January
Month
Den
sity
(fi
sh/m
2 )
Low habitat rankHigh habitat rank
Winter ConcealmentSpring Chinook Salmon
Lostine River
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
September October November December January
Month
Den
sity
(fi
sh/m
2 )
Low habitat rankHigh habitat rank
Winter ConcealmentSpring Chinook Salmon
Grande Ronde River
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
September October November December January
Month
Den
sity
(fi
sh/m
2 )
Low habitat rankHigh habitat rank
Winter ConcealmentSpring Chinook Salmon
Catherine Creek
70
75
80
85
October November December January
Month
Len
gth
(m
m)
Migrated from poolsRemained in pools
Habitat RelationshipsSpring Chinook Salmon
• Aquatic habitat inventory
• Macroinvertebrates
• Streamflow
Habitat variables:
Fish variables:• Egg to smolt survival
• Proportion of early and late migrants
Habitat RelationshipsSpring Chinook Salmon
0
4
8
12
16
Grande Ronde Catherine
Fre
qu
en
cy
(p
oo
ls/k
m) All pools
Large pools
Limiting Factors AnalysisSpring Chinook Salmon
• Ecosystem Diagnosis and Treatment Method (EDT)
• Aquatic Habitat Inventory data
• Habitat relationships
Migration Timing and Abundance
SteelheadCatherine Creek
01,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,000
Week
Ab
un
da
nc
e
MY 2000
MY 2001
MY 2002
MY 2003
Migration Timing and Abundance
SteelheadGrande Ronde River
01,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,000
Week
Ab
un
da
nc
e
MY 2000
MY 2001
MY 2002
MY 2003
Migration Timing and Abundance
SteelheadLostine River
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Week
Ab
un
da
nc
e
MY 2000
MY 2001
MY 2002
MY 2003
Migration Timing and Abundance
SteelheadMinam River
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Week
Ab
un
da
nc
e
MY 2001
MY 2002
MY 2003
Survival to Lower Granite DamSteelhead
Tagged in Spring
01020304050607080
2000 2001 2002 2003
Migratory year
Su
rviv
al (
%)
Catherine CrGrande Ronde RLostine RMinam R
Survival to Lower Granite DamSteelhead
Catherine Creek
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2000 2001 2002 2003
Migratory year
Su
rviv
al (
%)
Early migrantsLate migrants
Survival to Lower Granite DamSteelhead
Grande Ronde River
0
10
20
30
40
50
2000 2001 2002 2003
Migratory year
Su
rviv
al (
%)
Early migrantsLate migrants
Survival to Lower Granite DamSteelhead
Lostine River
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2000 2001 2002 2003
Migratory year
Su
rviv
al (
%)
Early migrantsLate migrants
Survival to Lower Granite DamSteelhead
Minam River
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2001 2002 2003
Migratory year
Su
rviv
al (
%)
Early migrantsLate migrants
Population StructureSteelhead
Catherine Creek - 2001
Catherine CreekAge 1
Age 2
Age 3
North ForkCatherine Creek
Population StructureSteelhead
Catherine Creek - 2002
Catherine CreekAge 1
Age 2
Age 3
Milk Creek
Population StructureSteelhead
Catherine Creek - 2003
Catherine CreekAge 1
Age 2
Age 3
South Fork Catherine Creek
Life History Findings and Management Significance
•Habitats downstream of the spawning areas are critical rearing areas in fall and winter
•Deep pools with cover are important for over winter habitat
Life History Findings and Management Significance
•Local populations exhibit differences in life history, including migration timing within the subbasin and survival to mainstem dams
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