INTRODUCTION TO TAWHEED - IslamBradfordislambradford.com/downloads/misc/Introduction_to_Tawheed...INTRODUCTION TO TAWHEED Based on the book Tahzeeb Tasheel Al-Aqeedah Al-Islamiyyah

INTRODUCTION TO TAWHEED

Based on the book Tahzeeb Tasheel Al-Aqeedah Al-Islamiyyah by Sh. Abdullah Abdul Aziz Al-Jibreen®

Prepared and presented by

Masood ChowdhuryMasters in Da’wah

(Al-Madinah International University, Malaysia)

January 2018 / Jumadul Awal 1439HAt The IslamBradford Centre

Introduction to Tawheed v1.2 - January 2018 1

Contents

1- What is Tawheed?

2- What Nullifies Tawheed

3- What Weakens Tawheed

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ISLAMIC SCIENCES

Islamic Sciences

Aqeedah

(Beliefs)

Fiqh

(Practical rules & regulations)

Seerah

Tafseer

Usool Fiqh

Etc….

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Essential knowledge for every Muslim

FOUNDATIONS OF THE AQEEDAH

Aqeedah (Beliefs)

Allah Tawheed

Angels

Books

Messengers

Day of Judgement

Predestiny – The Good & the Bad

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These six foundations of the Aqeedah

are found in the famous Hadith

of Jibreel®

WHAT IS TAWHEED?

Types of Tawheed

1- Lordship

2 - Worship

3- Names & Attributes

Evidence for the three types of Tawheed are

found in Surah Fatihah!

“To have certain belief in the existence of Allah and to single him out in his Lordship and Worship and to have certain belief in all His Names and Attributes”

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1-TAWHEED OF LORDSHIP

1-Tawheed of Lordship

Existence of AllahKnown by the “Fitrah”

(Qur’an 7:172(

To believe that Allah is the sole Creator, Owner,

Sustainer etc.

Few have disputed this in the history of man. Even Quraish accepted this. (Quran 43:87,

43:9, 10:31)

Pharaoh claimed the Lordship for himself but in

reality hid his belief in Allah’s Lordship (Qur’an

27:14 (

By affirming the Tawheed of Lordship alone does not

make you a Muslim.

Acceptance of the Tawheed of Lordship should lead

man to naturally to Tawheed of Worship.

Reflecting on the creation of Allah strengthens our faith in Allah’s

Lordship (Qur’an 2:164)

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2-TAWHEED OF WORSHIP

2-Tawheed of Worship

Allah created man and Jinn for His worship (Qur’an 51:56)

Allah sent the Prophets/Messengers and

revealed the Books to make clear the Tawheed of

Worship (Quran 21:25, 16:36)

The meaning of the Shahadah is the Tawheed of

Worship.

All forms of worship must be directed to Allah alone.

Worship in Islam is very

comprehensive and includes

worship with the heart, tongue,

body and wealth

There is none worthy of worship

except Allah

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3-TAWHEED OF NAMES & ATTRIBUTES

3-Tawheed of Names & Attributes

We affirm and negate that which Allah and His Messenger(s) have

informed us of regarding His Names & Attributes. (Qur’an 7:11)

We do not deny, compare with something, take away

from the true, real apparent meaning, or ask “How?”

when it comes to the names and attributes of Allah

Al Jaad bin Dirham (d.124H) was the first to

deny the names and attributes of Allah in Islam

Ibn Abdul Barr (d.463H) cited a consensus amongst the early

Muslim scholars on this methodology in

understanding the Names & Attributes of

Allah

The greatest benefit in knowing the

Names & Attributes of Allah is to

describe Allah in the way he loves to be

described.

His student was Jahm bin Safwaan(d.128H) who the Jahmiyah sect is

named after.

Ayatul Kursi is the greatest verse of

the Qur’an (2:255) because it details

the Names & Attributes of Allah.

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WHAT NULLIFIES TAWHEED?

Nullifiers of Tawheed

Major Shirk

Major Kufr

Major Hypocrisy

(in Belief)

There is a difference

between what nullifies Tawheed

and what weakens it.

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WARNING ABOUT TAKFEER (DECLARING SOMEONE TO HAVE LEFT THE FOLD OF ISLAM)

Takfeer is a matter of scholarly

judgement to be undertaken by scholars only.

It is impermissible

for general Muslims to

make Takfeer on groups or

individuals

The scholars are required to look at both the action

and any mitigating circumstances before

pronouncing Takfeer e.g. Ignorance,

misinterpretation etc.

The hadith in Bukhari where a man ordered

his sons to burn his dead body and

scatter the ashes so that Allah could not punish him shows

that not every mistake in belief is necessarily fatal.

Ibn Taymiyyah did not make Takfeer of the

Jahmiyah when debating them despite them

negating the Names & Attributes of Allah due

to their “ignorance”

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SHIRK IS THE OPPOSITE OF

TAWHEED

Allah will not forgive the

one who died upon Shirk

(Qur’an 4:48)

Entry into Paradise is

forbidden for a polytheist

(Qur’an 5:72)

A polytheist cannot marry a Muslim woman (Qur’an 2:221)

Muslim burial rituals do not

apply to a polytheist.

Eternal abode in the Hell Fire (Qur’an 5:72)

Greatest Oppression

(Qur’an 31:13)

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TYPES OF SHIRK

Major Shirk

In the Lordship

In Worship

In the Names & Attributes

To take a partner alongside Allah in the Lordship, Names and Attributes or Worship

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EXAMPLES OF SHIRK IN THE

LORDSHIP

The Christian belief in the

Trinity

The Majoos (the god of

light and the god of

darkness)

The Qadariyah(Man is the

creator of his actions)

Grave Worshippers(The souls of

the dead control the universe)

To make for other than Allah a share in the ownership, creation,

sustaining, providing etc.

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EXAMPLES OF SHIRK IN THE

NAMES & ATTRIBUTES

Claiming Knowledge of

the UnseenQur’an (10:20)

Fortune tellers, star signs etc. is

an act of Shirk.

Some religions like Christianity and Hinduism

often depict god as a human being

To assign the names and attributes of Allah to the creation or to assign the

attributes of the creation to Allah.

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EXAMPLES OF SHIRK IN

WORSHIP

To believe that other than Allah has the right to be worshipped or directing a form of worship to other than Allah

From Shirk in Worship is

Ruling by the Law of other than Allah.

(Qur’an 9:31)

The Shirk of Quraish was making “dua” to

the idols as intermediaries to get them closer to Allah.

(Qur’an 39:3)

In our time, many ill-informed Muslims make “dua” to the

pious from the dead (the Awliyah) or seek

their intercession with Allah – all of

which is Major Shirk

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MAJOR SHIRK IN WORSHIP

Performing an act of worship for other than Allah

Shirk in Dua of Asking

The Incapable

The Dead

The Absent

Use intermediaries e.g. idols or the deceased

Shirk in Dua of Worship

Intention

(i.e. the Hypocrites)

Fear/Love/Love

Prayer/Rukoo/Sujood

Fasting/Hajj/Charity/

Sacrifice/Oaths etc.

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The Prophet(s) said, “Dua is

worship.” (Abu Dawud)

TYPES OF MAJOR KUFR (DISBELIEF)

Types of Major Kufr

1-Denying that which is known from the religion by necessity.

2-Doubt – (Qur’an 18:35-38)

3-Pride – (Qur’an 17:61)

4-Mocking – (Qur’an 65-66)

5-Hate – (Qur’an 47:9)

6-Turning away – (Qur’an 3:32)

7- Hypocrisy – (Qur’an 4:145)

8-Allegiance – (Qur’an 60:4)

Kufr – Is every belief, statement action which contradicts the Muslim Belief.

Major Kufr and Major Shirk have the same outcome and take one out of

the fold of Islam.

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WHAT WEAKENS TAWHEED?

What Weakens Tawheed?

1-Whatever leads to Major Shirk

2-Minor Shirk

3-Minor Kufr

4-Minor Hypocrisy

5-Bidah (Innovation)

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WEAKENER 1- WHAT LEADS TO MAJOR SHIRK

What Leads to Major Shirk

Exaggeration in Praising the Pious

Innovated means of seeking blessings

Building on graves

Shirk started in the people of Prophet

Noah(s) due to exaggeration in

praising the pious.Qur’an 71:23

“The most evil people are those who will witness

the final hour and those who took

graves as places of worship.” (Muslim)

Umar® said when kissing the black stone: “I know you are just a stone that

cannot benefit or harm. If I hadn’t seen the

Prophet(s) kiss you, I would not have kissed

you.” (Bukhari)

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WEAKENER 2- MINOR SHIRK

Types of Minor Shirk

In the Heart

Showing off in worship (Riya)

Seeking purely worldly benefit by

performing an act of worship

Depending on the “means” instead of depending on Allah

“Superstition is shirk”

In Actions

Ruqya that contains shirk

Amulets

In Statements

Taking an oath with other than Allah

Use of “and” when mentioning Allah with one of His

creation

Minor Shirk is everything which is Shirk but is less than Major Shirk

The first three to be thrown into the hellfire will be the martyr, the scholar/reciter and the giver of charity due to

their showing off. (Muslim)

We should not accuse others of showing off as

it’s from the hidden actions of the heart. Some worship can be performed

in public to encourage others.

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WEAKENER 3- MINOR KUFR (DISBELIEF)

Minor Kufr is everything which is referred to in the revelation as Kufr but is less than Major Kufr

Sometimes referred to by the scholars as “Kufr which is less

than Kufr”Examples of Minor Kufr

Denying a blessing

Killing a Muslim

To belittle someone's lineage

Wailing over the deceased

Ascribing oneself to other than one’s father

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WEAKENER 4- MINOR NIFAQ (HYPOCRISY)

Minor Nifaq is to externally show a permissible act and internally conceal a forbidden matter.

Sometimes referred to by the scholars as

“Practical Nifaq” as it is connected to action

and not belief.

Examples of Minor Nifaq

Lying

To make a promise or contract with the intention of not

fulfilling it and then not fulfil it.

To deceive in something entrusted to him.

Being two faced.

To use falsehood to claim a right that is not his

“The signs of the hypocrite are three; when he speaks he lies, when he makes a promise he breaks it and

when he is entrusted with something he denies it”

(Bukhari & Muslim”

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WEAKENER 5- BIDAH (INNOVATION)

Bidah – Every belief, statement or action which is not sanctioned by the Shariah.

The Prophet(s) said: “Whoever did an

action not in accordance with our

matter will have it rejected.” (Muslim)

Bidah

In Beliefs

In Action (examples)

Innovated Intercession (Tawassul)

Innovated Festivals and Celebrations

Innovated Remembrances (Dhikr)

Leaving permissible actions as worship e.g.

marriage or meat.

The Prophet(s) would say in his sermons: ”The most evil matters are the newly

invented ones (in the religion) and every

innovation is misguidance.” (Muslim)

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INTRODUCTION TO TAWHEED - MIND MAP

Tawheed

What is Tawheed?

Lordship

Names & Attributes

Worship

What Nullifies Tawheed?

Major Shirk

Major Kufr

Major Nifaq

What Weakens Tawheed?

What leads to Major Shirk

Minor Shirk

Minor Kufr

Minor Nifaq

BidahIntroduction to Tawheed v1.2 - January 2018 24

The Tawheed of Worship is the very essence of the

message of Islam

This diagram summarises the entire

presentation. Test yourself and try to

draw out this diagram without looking.