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6 th year medical cadet . Vasin Chantaraponpun
32

Intertrochanteric fracture (2)

Feb 21, 2017

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Page 1: Intertrochanteric fracture (2)

6th year medical cadet . Vasin Chantaraponpun

Page 2: Intertrochanteric fracture (2)

Profile : ผู้ ป่วยหญิงไทย อาย ุ73 ปี u/d hypertension

อาชีพแมบ้่าน เชือ้ชาตไิทย สญัชาตไิทย ศาสนาพทุธ ภมิูลาํเนา อําเภอเมือง จงัหวดั

นครราชสีมา

Chief complaint : ปวดสะโพกซ้าย 6 ชัว่โมงก่อนมา รพ.

Present illness : 6ชัว่โมงก่อนมา รพ. ผู้ ป่วยล่ืนล้มบริเวณพืน้ห้องนํา้

สะโพกกระแทกพืน้ ไมมี่แผล ไมมี่ศรีษะกระแทก จําเหตกุารณ์ได้ มีอาการปวดมาก ลกุไม่

ขึน้ เดนิไมไ่ด้ รถ EMSนําสง่โรงพยาบาลมหาราช

Page 3: Intertrochanteric fracture (2)

A - Can talk, C-spine no stepping, posterior neck not painB - Trachea in midline,equal breathe sound,not use of accessory muscleC - Alert,BP 127/86 mm.Hg,PR 90 bpm, Capillary refill < 2secD- E4V5M6 ,pupil 3mm RTBLEE- no external wound,no active bleeding, no stepping

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A - not allergyM - no medicationP - ไมเ่คยประสบอบุตัเิหตมุาก่อน,ไมมี่ประวตัิเป็นโรคร้ายแรง

L - Last meal 12.00 pm (3 hr.PTA)E - ล่ืนล้มสะโพกกระแทกพืน้กระเบือ้งท่ีบ้าน ไมมี่แผล ปวดมากลกุไมข่ึน้

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Vital sign : BT 36.7 C BP 127/86 mm.hg PR 90 bpm

Head & Maxillofacial : no external wound , no stepping , not tender

Cervical spine & neck : trachea in mid line , not tenderness along c-spine , no subcutaneous emphysema , no stridor

Chest : equal breathe sound,no adventitious sound

Abdomen : soft, not tender , no distention,no guarding

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Perineum : no external wound , PR >> no blood

Musculoskeletal : marked tender at left hip, no external wound, Anvil’s test +Rolling test +,No ecchymosisLimit ROM

Neurologic : E4VTM6 , pupil 3 mmRTLBEMotor grade V 4 extremitiesSensory grossly intact

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Admit On skin traction 2 kg. Operation for Gamma nail

Diagnosis

“Left intertrochanteric fracture of femur”

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6th year medical cadet . Vasin Chantaraponpun

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Fracture between greater trochanter and lesser trochanter in the intertrochanteric line

• Made of dense trabeculae bone

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- Most common in Ages > 70- Most common is extracapsular fracture- Mostly related with osteoporotic pateintMechanism :

elderly (90%)◦ low energy falls in osteoporotic patientsyoung (10%)◦ high energy trauma

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Patient usually complaint with can’t move after trauma

Pain at proximal thigh Progressive pain when flex hip and external rotate

lower extremity Shortened thigh Ecchymosis Swelling

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- Radiographs recommended views◦ AP pelvis◦ AP of hip, cross table lateral◦ full length femur radiographs

- CT or MRI

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Boyd and Griffin classification Evan’s classification AO classification

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Stable Unstable comminuted

Unstable reverse obilque

Intertrochanteric –subtrochanteric with two plane fracture

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Stable definition◦ intact posteromedial cortex

Clinical significance◦ will resist medial compressive loads once reduced

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Unstable definition◦ comminution of the posteromedial cortex

( Boyd and Griffin type 2)◦ fracture will collapse into varus and retroversion

when loaded◦ reverse obliquity pattern ( Boyd and Griffin type

3)◦ Displaced trochanteric fracture from

subtrochanteric

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Conservative treatment Operative

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Non- weightbearing with early out of bed to chair

Indication : - Stable type- non ambulatory patient- patient with high risk of

perioperative mortality

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Sliding hip compression screw Cephalomedullary nail Arthroplasty

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Stable intertrochanteric fractures equal outcomes when compared

to Cephalomedullary nailfor stable fracture patterns

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• stable fracture patterns

• unstable fracture patterns

• reverse obliquity fractures

• Failure when treated by compression screw

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severely comminuted fractures

preexisting symptomatic degenerative arthritis

osteoporotic bone that is unlikely to hold internal fixation

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Malunion :mostly from conservative treatment

Nonuinon : found < 2% because of extracapsular fracture

Loss of fixation : most common found in unstable type can be proved by refixation or arthroplasty

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ตาํรา Orthopaedics for medical student, วิทยาลยัแพทยศาสตร์พระมงกฎุเกล้า

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