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Spaceborne canopy LiDAR measurements for the constraints of terrestrial carbon budget Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and Application from Space 2017 May 26, 2017 at Chiba University, Sho‐in Hall
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International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and … canopy LiDAR measurements for the constraints of terrestrial carbon budget Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science

Apr 26, 2018

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Page 1: International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and … canopy LiDAR measurements for the constraints of terrestrial carbon budget Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science

Spaceborne canopy LiDAR  measurements for the constraints 

of terrestrial carbon budgetHideki Kobayashi

Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology

Hideki KobayashiJapan Agency for Marine‐Earth 

Science and Technology

International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and Application from Space 2017 May 26, 2017 at Chiba University, Sho‐in Hall

Page 2: International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and … canopy LiDAR measurements for the constraints of terrestrial carbon budget Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science

Acknowledgement

JSPS grant in aid for scientific research, Kiban‐B  (16H02948)

Japanese Ministry of Environment, the  Environment Research and Technology  Development Fund, 2RF1601

JAXA GCOM‐C RA6 #111•

Drs. Wei Yang, Masato Hayashi, Ryuichi Hirata, 

Nobuko Saigusa and Ms. Kyoko Ikeda

Page 3: International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and … canopy LiDAR measurements for the constraints of terrestrial carbon budget Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science

Rogers et al., New Phytologist ,2017

The recommendation on the  improvement 

of terrestrial biosphere models

Page 4: International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and … canopy LiDAR measurements for the constraints of terrestrial carbon budget Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science

Phenology from NDVI

Low

High Sun‐Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence, SIF (NIES‐GOSAT team Drs. Oshio, Yoshida, Noda)

Page 5: International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and … canopy LiDAR measurements for the constraints of terrestrial carbon budget Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science

Global leaf area index (MODIS, GCOM‐C) 

Global canopy height (ICESat/GLAS), Simard et al., 2010

Page 6: International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and … canopy LiDAR measurements for the constraints of terrestrial carbon budget Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science

Rogers et al., New Phytologist ,2017

Page 7: International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and … canopy LiDAR measurements for the constraints of terrestrial carbon budget Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science

Remote sensing data and  terrestrial biosphere models

Remote sensing observations can be used for  terrestrial biosphere model parameterizations and 

the interactions of plant and environment over  the continental scale

Improvement of radiative transfer contributes to  improve the representation of the light 

environment and computation of carbon fluxes•

LiDAR observations, such as MOLI and GEDI, can 

be used to constrain forest structures

Page 8: International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and … canopy LiDAR measurements for the constraints of terrestrial carbon budget Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science

Global radiative transfer scheme with LiDAR  observations

Canopy height

Tree Density

# of tree ineach quadrat

X-Y Coordinate

Canopy height (Max and Min)

Canopy Height

DBHCrown Radius/Length

Neyman /Possiondistribution Weibull distribution

Simplified forest structure model (Yang et al., submitted)

Tree density (Crowther et al., Nature 2015)

Global RT run

Page 9: International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and … canopy LiDAR measurements for the constraints of terrestrial carbon budget Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science

Validation and calibration of  the forest landscape by airborne LiDAR

Aerial photographAt FKH AsiaFlux site 

DCHM

Crown maps

comparison

Page 10: International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and … canopy LiDAR measurements for the constraints of terrestrial carbon budget Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science

Global APAR simulated by 3D RT

(μmol m‐2

s‐1)

Incident PAR fAPAR

Input satellite data:‐Aerosol AOT‐LAI‐LiDAR canopy height‐Tree density

Currently, the forest structures are fixed 

for each biome. In the future, when LiDAR 

data are available,  we can set the 

appropriate representation of forest 

structure in each grid and run the model

August, 2009

Page 11: International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and … canopy LiDAR measurements for the constraints of terrestrial carbon budget Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science

How much forest structure affects  the canopy photosynthesis?

Guanter et al., PNAS 2014

Sun‐induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence

Page 12: International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and … canopy LiDAR measurements for the constraints of terrestrial carbon budget Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science

Data application schemes

Global leaf area index 

Global canopy height 

Tree density

RT SIF (RT simulation)

Sunlit

Shaded

Floor

Downscaling toleaf leaf levelproperties  

Data

Satellite‐SIF

Validation

Terrestrial biosphere model

Page 13: International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and … canopy LiDAR measurements for the constraints of terrestrial carbon budget Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science

3D radiative transfer simulation3D radiative transfer simulation

Diffuse PAR

13

Page 14: International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and … canopy LiDAR measurements for the constraints of terrestrial carbon budget Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science

3D radiative transfer simulation, FLiES3D radiative transfer simulation, FLiES

Diffuse PAR

14

Nadir view

760nm

Page 15: International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and … canopy LiDAR measurements for the constraints of terrestrial carbon budget Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science

SimulatioSimulation conditionsn conditionsLeaf‐level fluorescence yield 

1. 3D no shoot clumping2. 3D shoot clumping (γ=1.67)

3. 1D spherical leaf angle dist.

4. 1D erectrophle leaf angle dist.5. 1D planophle leaf angle dist.

All LAI = 3.5

0.0050

0.0025

0.0075

0.0100

<10mE

F

G

10‐15m>15m

fluorescence yield 

Page 16: International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and … canopy LiDAR measurements for the constraints of terrestrial carbon budget Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science

Diurnal SIFDiurnal SIF

Clear day43%

19%

Page 17: International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and … canopy LiDAR measurements for the constraints of terrestrial carbon budget Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science

Diurnal SIFDiurnal SIF

Overcast day

Page 18: International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and … canopy LiDAR measurements for the constraints of terrestrial carbon budget Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science

Contribution of Contribution of ssun/shade SIFun/shade SIF

1D Spherical 1D Planophile

3D no clump100

80

60

40

20

0

%3D with shoot clump

100

80

60

40

20

0

%

1D Erectrophile100

80

60

40

20

0

%

Multiple scatterings100

80

60

40

20

0

%

3D no clump

Page 19: International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and … canopy LiDAR measurements for the constraints of terrestrial carbon budget Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science

SIF

Low

High

GOSAT‐SIF

SIF simulated by RT model

MOE‐ERTDF 2RF1601

Low

High

プレゼンター
プレゼンテーションのノート
人工衛星で観測された植物蛍光(上)と数値モデルによるシミュレーション(下)の地図。人工衛星観測とシミュレーションを比較することで、一枚一枚の葉の蛍光がどのように森林全体の蛍光につながり、そしてどのように宇宙から観測されるかを知ることができる。衛星データ提供:国立環境研究所 吉田幸生氏・押尾晴樹氏・野田響氏(NIES/GOSAT研究用計算設備による成果)
Page 20: International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and … canopy LiDAR measurements for the constraints of terrestrial carbon budget Hideki Kobayashi Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science

Summary

Forest structure does matter to compute canopy  scale SIF (and thus photosynthesis)

LiDAR

based canopy height is one of the essential  variables to characterize the forest structure

Preparing a model‐data scheme to take advantage  of using LiDAR

data from MOLI and GEDI

Collection of airborne LiDAR

data is also necessary  to validate the forest structure and spaceborne

canopy height