Integrated Optoelectronics in an Optical Fiber J. V. Badding* a,d , P. J. Sazio b , V. Gopalan c.d , A. Amezcua Correa b , T. J. Scheidemantel d , C. E. Fin- layson b , N. F. Baril a,d , B.R. Jackson a,d , D. Wong c,d , a Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA 16802; b Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, Hampshire, UK SO17 1BJ; c Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA 16802; d Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA 16802; ABSTRACT Integration of semiconductor and metal structures into optical fibers to enable fusion of semiconductor optoelectronic function with glass optical fibers is discussed. A chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-like process, adapted for high pres- sure flow within microstructured optical fibers allows for flexible fabrication of such structures. Integration of semi- conductor optoelectronic devices such as lasers, detectors, and modulators into fibers may now become possible. Keywords: Microstructure Optical Fibers, Optoelectronics, Semiconductors INTRODUCTION Integration of multiple optical functionalities onto planar substrates is being intensively pursued for a broad range of applications. 1 We are pursuing an alternative direction for photonic integration: incorporating crystalline semiconductor devices directly into optical fiber waveguides. 2 We have realized simple proof of concept semiconductor devices within optical fibers that are fabricated via a novel microfluidic high pressure chemical deposition technique. Arrays of wires and tubes of crystalline semiconductors and metals such as silicon, germanium, Si/Ge heterostructures, gold and plati- num have been fabricated inside the microscale to nanoscale holes of silica microstructured optical fibers (MOFs) (Fig- Fig. 1. A Ge-broom: Bundle of 2μm diameter Ge wires emanating from a microstructured silica optical fiber. Invited Paper Integrated Optics: Devices, Materials, and Technologies XI, edited by Yakov Sidorin, Christoph A. Waechter, Proc. of SPIE Vol. 6475, 64750N, (2007) · 0277-786X/07/$18 · doi: 10.1117/12.700725 Proc. of SPIE Vol. 6475 64750N-1
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Integrated Optoelectronics in an Optical Fiber
J. V. Badding*a,d
, P. J. Saziob, V. Gopalan
c.d, A. Amezcua Correa
b, T. J. Scheidemantel
d, C. E. Fin-
laysonb, N. F. Baril
a,d, B.R. Jackson
a,d, D. Wong
c,d,
aDepartment of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA 16802;
bOptoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, Hampshire,
UK SO17 1BJ; cDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park,
PA, USA 16802; dMaterials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA 16802;
ABSTRACT
Integration of semiconductor and metal structures into optical fibers to enable fusion of semiconductor optoelectronic
function with glass optical fibers is discussed. A chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-like process, adapted for high pres-
sure flow within microstructured optical fibers allows for flexible fabrication of such structures. Integration of semi-
conductor optoelectronic devices such as lasers, detectors, and modulators into fibers may now become possible.
Integration of multiple optical functionalities onto planar substrates is being intensively pursued for a broad range of
applications.1 We are pursuing an alternative direction for photonic integration: incorporating crystalline semiconductor
devices directly into optical fiber waveguides.2 We have realized simple proof of concept semiconductor devices within
optical fibers that are fabricated via a novel microfluidic high pressure chemical deposition technique. Arrays of wires
and tubes of crystalline semiconductors and metals such as silicon, germanium, Si/Ge heterostructures, gold and plati-
num have been fabricated inside the microscale to nanoscale holes of silica microstructured optical fibers (MOFs) (Fig-
Fig. 1. A Ge-broom: Bundle of 2µm diameter Ge wires emanating from a microstructured silica optical fiber.
Invited Paper
Integrated Optics: Devices, Materials, and Technologies XI, edited by Yakov Sidorin, Christoph A. Waechter,Proc. of SPIE Vol. 6475, 64750N, (2007) · 0277-786X/07/$18 · doi: 10.1117/12.700725
Proc. of SPIE Vol. 6475 64750N-1
Ge
SilicaGlass
IR (2-3jtm)
Pump
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ures 1,2).2 As a result there is now a unique opportunity to explore an alternate paradigm for optoelectronics; one where
the currently dominant platforms of optical-fiber based information transfer and semiconductor-chip based information
processing can be more seamlessly integrated within a fiber. We can now envision all-fiber optoelectronics, where
electronic devices can be built within the micro to nanoscale holes of a MOF, and light generation, modulation, and
detection can all be performed within a fiber (Figure 3).