Innovative e-Journal Interfaces

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New Age Navigation:

Gerry McKiernanScience and Technology Librarian and Bibliographer

Iowa State University Library

Ames, Iowa

[email protected]

http://www.public.iastate.edu/~gerrymck/NewAge.ppt

Innovative e-Journal Interfaces
http://www.public.iastate.edu/~gerrymck/NewAge.ppthttp://www.public.iastate.edu/~gerrymck/NewAge.ppthttp://f/wwwroot/LeadershipSummit/pt-lobos.parks.state.ca.us/


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Internet Librarian 2003The Internet Conference & Exhibition for Librarians & Information Managers

Track C: E-Resources & Digital Libraries

November 3, 2003| C103 | 2:00 2:45 PM |

Monterey Convention Center


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THANK YOU!Jane Dysart

Dysart & JonesToronto, Canada

***

Jim Cole

Iowa State University Library


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THANK YOU! Javed Mostafa, Victor H. Yngve Associate Professor of

Information Science and Associate Professor of Informatics,Indiana University, Bloomington

D-Lib Magazine and the Corporation for NationalResearch Initiatives (CNRI)

Soizick Lesteven, Computer Engineer, Centre de DonnesAstronomiques de Strasbourg (CDS)

Jack Sack, Director HighWire Press, Stanford University; Yangkie Kwee, Project Manager, MediaLab, B.V., the

Netherlands

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory(PNNL)


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DISCLAIMER (1)

The screen prints selected for this

presentation are for educationalpurposes, and their inclusion doesnot constitute an endorsement of

an associated person, product,service, or institution.


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DISCLAIMER (2)

The views and opinions expressed

in this presentation are those ofthe presenter and do not

constitute an endorsement by

Iowa State University or itsLibrary.


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Computer Interfaces

From the user's perspective

it is still difficult to use currentinformation retrieval systems.

Junliag Zhang, Javed Mostafa, and Himansu Tripathy, Information Retrieval by Semantic

Analysis and Visualization of the Concept Space ofD-Lib Magazine,

D-Lib Magazine 8 no, 10 (October2002).

http://www.dlib.org/dlib/october02/zhang/10zhang.html
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/october02/zhang/10zhang.htmlhttp://www.dlib.org/dlib/october02/zhang/10zhang.html


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Where is the wisdomwe have lost inknowledge?

Where is theknowledge that wehave lost ininformation?"

T.S. Eliot

The Rock (Pt. 1) (1934)
http://www.cofc.edu/~betwill/Lib105/TSEliot.htmlhttp://www.cofc.edu/~betwill/Lib105/TSEliot.htmlhttp://www.camdenfamily.com/thunder/http://www.cofc.edu/~betwill/Lib105/TSEliot.htmlhttp://www.cofc.edu/~betwill/Lib105/TSEliot.htmlhttp://www.cofc.edu/~betwill/Lib105/TSEliot.html


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New Age Navigation:

Innovative e-Journal Interfaces Concept Space/D-Lib Magazine

Astronomy and Astrophysics Self-Organized Map Index/Centre deDonnes Astronomiques deStrasbourg

TopicMap/High Wire Press

AquaBrowser/Utrecht University


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Concept Space

D-Lib Magazine


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D-Lib Magazine D-Lib Magazine (www.dlib.org) is a magazine

about digital library issues for researchers,developers, and the intellectually curious

produced by the Corporation for NationalResearch Initiatives.

It has no print analogue, nor has one beenproposed. [B]y testing the limits of writing in

and for a wholly networked environment,the magazine itself was viewed from the onsetas an experiment in electronic publishing.
http://www.dlib.org/http://www.dlib.org/


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D-Lib Magazine D-Lib Magazine recently published a review article

that describes an innovative index to the magazine itself.

Using the full-text corpus of the magazine, its authors

document, illustrate, and demonstrate throughhypertext linking, experimental digital technologies that

seek to provide users with a better understanding of

online document collections and to reduce the cognitive

load associated with conventional search options indigital collections.

Junliag Zhang, Javed Mostafa, and Himansu Tripathy, Information Retrieval by Semantic

Analysis and Visualization of the Concept Space ofD-Lib Magazine,

D-Lib Magazine 8 no, 10 (October2002).

http://www.dlib.org/dlib/october02/zhang/10zhang.html
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/october02/zhang/10zhang.htmlhttp://www.dlib.org/dlib/october02/zhang/10zhang.html


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Concept Space

As an alternative to current conventional

information systems, the researchers have

developed a method that automatically

generates the terms and their semanticrelationships representing relevant topics

covered in the corpus of a digital collection.

The generated terms are called concepts, andthe generated terms and their semantic

relationships are called the Concept Space.


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Concept Space

Concepts are discovered using an algorithmbased on an automated thesaurus generationprocedure.

The concept space is visualized in a 2-D visualrepresentation that roughly shows thesemantic relationships among concepts.

Concept nodes are labeled with the conceptname by default.


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Concept Space


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Concept Space

All the nodes are color-coded based on cluster

analysis, with distinctive colors used for

different clusters of concepts.

In the visualization, similar concepts are

generally close to each other in the physical

space; for example, copyright is near

permission.


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Concept Space

Copyright

Permission

Law


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Concept Space An alternative visualization displays the relative

percentage of documents associated with each concept intheD-Lib Magazine by use of shade coding.

For example, concepts with fewer than 10% related

articles are shown in white, while concepts that appearin more than 30% of the articles are shown as graynodes; concepts that occur in more than 50% of thearticles are shown in black.

With this visualization, users can thus quicklydetermine, for example, that the concepts disseminate,interoperability and query are discussed morefrequently than are doi,elib, and ncstrl.


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Concept Space


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Concept Space The interface allows the user to conduct searches on

the collection by selecting labeled concepts directlyfrom the visualization or by inputting specific termsor phrases.

Users can select as many concepts as desired fromthe visualization and construct appropriate Booleanstatements by selecting the appropriate operation(AND or OR) in the search box panel.

Keywords can be combined with concept labelterms in a query.


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Concept Space

When the search button is clicked, the search results

are displayed in a separate browser, and include the

article title, author(s), and volume and issue number

(if assigned) for each relevant document. By clicking the hyperlinked phrase (Full text)

found as the last field for each entry in the results

listing, the associated full-text item is displayed.


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Concept Space


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Concept Space


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Astronomy and Astrophysics

Self-Organized Map Index



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The Centre de Donnes Astronomiques de Strasbourg(CDS) (cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr) is an International Serviceunder the Federation of Astronomical and GeophysicalData Analysis Services (FAGS) that collects,

homogenizes, distributes and preserves astronomicalinformation.

The main CDS services include:

SIMBAD (simbad.u-strasbg.fr/sim-fid.pl), a reference

database for the identification and bibliography ofastronomical objects outside the solar system

VizieR (vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieR), a searchportal to more than astronomical catalogs andpublished tables.
http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/sim-fid.plhttp://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieRhttp://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieRhttp://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieRhttp://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieRhttp://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieRhttp://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieRhttp://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieRhttp://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieRhttp://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieRhttp://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieRhttp://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/sim-fid.plhttp://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/sim-fid.plhttp://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/sim-fid.plhttp://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/sim-fid.plhttp://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/sim-fid.plhttp://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/sim-fid.plhttp://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/sim-fid.plhttp://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/sim-fid.plhttp://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/sim-fid.plhttp://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/sim-fid.plhttp://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/sim-fid.plhttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/


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CDS is also actively involved in the development ofbibliographic information retrieval tools, notablyvisualized indexes to digital collections. A premierexample of this tool is the document map

developed for Astronomy and Astrophysics(simbad.u-strasbg.fr/A+A/map.pl).

The document map is created using the KohonenSelf Organizing Map (SOM), an algorithm thatautomatically organizes documents into a two-dimensional grid so that related documents appearclose to each other and general topics appear in welldefined areas.
http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/A+A/map.plhttp://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/A+A/map.plhttp://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/A+A/map.plhttp://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/A+A/map.plhttp://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/A+A/map.plhttp://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/A+A/map.plhttp://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/A+A/map.plhttp://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/A+A/map.plhttp://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/A+A/map.plhttp://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/A+A/map.pl


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The SOM graphical WWW interface allows the

visualization of the document distribution [and]

shows the localization of documents related to given

topics . The SOM map is presented as a density map,

which represents graphically the areas containing

papers of similar content and the number of

documents in these areas.

Presently the SOM map provides access to more

than 10,300 articles for the period 1994-2002.


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To use the interface and retrieve relevant articles,users select an appropriate node (e.g., Stars) onthe map; in turn, the keywords associated with thenode are listed in a right-side frame.

An entry indicating the number of documentscontaining any of these selected keywords isdisplayed above the keyword listing in the frame(e.g., Node 103: 6 documents).

Upon retrieving the search results (GetDocuments), entries for those items assigned theselected term or phrase are displayed in the left-sideframe where the SOM map had originally appeared.


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Upon retrieving the search results (GetDocuments) entries for those items assigned theselected term or phrase are displayed in the left-sideframe where the SOM map had originally appeared.

The full records for all entries may be retrieved byclicking the FetchReferences button at the top ofthe listing.

The user may display the full record for a title (e.g.,Abundances of light elements in metal-poor stars. I.Atmospheric parameters and a new T_eff scale) byselecting its associated hyperlinked bibliographiccode (e.g., 1996A&A...314..191G).


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CDS Bibliographic Service


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NASA ADS Astronomy Abstract Service


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NASA ADS Astronomy Abstract Service


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The NASA Astrophysics Data System AbstractService: Astronomy,

Library Hi Tech News 18 no. 7 (August 2001): 30-38.

Gerry McKiernan


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TopicMap

High Wire Press Journals


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High Wire Press High Wire Press (www.highwire.org) is an

enterprise unit of Stanford University Libraries and

Academic Information Resources committed to

charting new waters as [a co-publisher] of low-cost,graphically rich Internet editions of university and

scholarly society e-journals.

It works with scholarly societies and responsible

publishers to publish, distribute, and archive e-journals, providing a common user interface to its

titles and hyperlinks to relevant Web sources.
http://www.highwire.org/http://www.highwire.org/


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High Wire Press HighWire Press currently provides the

largest archive of free life science articles in

the world.

Access is provided to nearly 600,000 full-text

articles from more than 160 journals without

charge (August 2003).

Nearly 3,000 items are added each month.


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High Wire Press To assist users in identifying potentially

relevant articles on a particular subject,

HighWire Press has organized all e-journal

titles by broad (e.g., Biological Sciences,Medical Sciences, Physical Sciences, and

Social Sciences), and

general topics (e.g., Biological Sciences:Agriculture, Biochemistry, Cell Biology,

etc.).


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HighWire Press Browsing

http://www.highwire.org
http://www.highwire.org/http://www.highwire.org/


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Browse Articles by Topic


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Browse Articles by Topic From within a general topic, users can

subsequently display articles that are

categorized under specific subtopics (e.g., Cell

Physiology, Cellular Structures, CellularTypes, Systems Biology) by selecting a

hyperlinked subtopic of interest.

Within HighWire, articles are also categorized toa very high degree of specificity (e.g., Cell

Biology > Cellular Structures > Mitogens >

Mitogenic Pathway).


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Topic List for Article


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Semio

The topics and subtopics for High Wire Press

articles have been assigned using theSemio

automated categorization software technologyprovided by Entrieva, a leading provider of

information categorization solutions.

http://www.entrieva.com

http://www.entrieva.com/entrieva/downloads/CustomerImplementation_HighwirePress_Entrieva.pdf
http://www.entrieva.com/http://www.entrieva.com/entrieva/downloads/CustomerImplementation_HighwirePress_Entrieva.pdfhttp://www.entrieva.com/entrieva/downloads/CustomerImplementation_HighwirePress_Entrieva.pdfhttp://www.entrieva.com/


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TopicMap

TopicMap


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TopicMap

TopicMap is a special Java applet

designed to assist in navigating topics

in a graphical form. The intent is toprovide a sense of context while

exploring a large, tree-structured

database.

http://www.highwire.org/help/hbt/
http://www.highwire.org/help/hbt/http://www.highwire.org/help/hbt/


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TopicMap

TopicMap is based on the Hyperbolic

Tree SDK for Java, licensed from

Inxight Software, Inc., a spin-off

company from Xerox PARC, and

leading provider of Unstructured Data

Management solutions for accessing,analyzing and delivering information.

http://www.inxight.com
http://www.inxight.com/http://www.inxight.com/


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TopicMap

CELL BIOLOGY


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TopicMap


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TopicMap


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AquaBrowser

Utrecht University, The Netherlands


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Utrecht University

Established in 1636, Utrecht University is one ofthe oldest universities in Europe, recently

commemorating the 365th anniversary of its

founding. It currently offers the widest range of

courses of any university in the Netherlands, withmore than 14 faculties and 70 degree courses.

In 2001, it had an enrollment of more than 22,400

students, with more than 3,100 enrolled in theFaculty of Medicine alone, and nearly 5,000

enrolled in the Sciences.


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AquaBrowser To demonstrate enhanced access to select

electronic resources offered by Utrecht

University, MediaLab (www.medialab.nl),

a Dutch firm specializing in knowledgemining and creation of intelligent

Intranet and Internet sites, has applied its

AquaBrowser technology to select

electronic medical information resources

made available by the university library.
http://www.medialab.nl/http://www.medialab.nl/


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AquaBrowser There are several components to the

AquaBrowser system, including various toolsthat gather, analyze, and create linkages from arange of electronic sources (e.g., databases, Web

sites, CD-ROMs, etc.). Liquid Filters extracts information from

various sources and transfers it to the LiquidKnowledge Builder. The source material itself is

cached in the IGORdatabase . The knowledge builder analyses all the

information extracted by the filters. Anintegrated dictionary is utilized in the analysis.


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IGOR (1)

IGOR is theAquaBrowser black box. Amongits components and functionalities are:

a free text search engine (a searchable index of all

the words in a corpus)

rankers (rankers provide fuzzy answers to

specific questions)

a co-occurrence generator (this generator

analyses texts from source databases and createsstatistical and semantic relations between

constituent terms and phrases)


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IGOR (2)

a translation unit (the translation componentprovides automatic translations of queries and

keywords into other languages, specific jargon,

archaic dialects, or technical phrases)

a fuzzy alternative generator (this generator

creates correct and incorrect variations of terms

and phrases)

stemmers (stemmers isolate the semantic stem ofa term facilitating a search for synonyms and

variants).


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Liquid Context Builder The Liquid Context Builder is the systems top

layer that enriches the users queries and keep

track of all the steps in the search [process].

In addition, the context builder produces the list

of results and the cloud of associations that lead

the way to more relevant information along

different routes. Upon execution of a search, the

cloud of associations and portions of the recordsare displayed in theAquaBrowser.


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Cloud of Associations


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Cloud of Associations The AquaBrowserinterface offers a graphical

depiction of search results and associations thatallow the user to search, browse, and follow thecloud of associations generated initially from

target sources or from a specific query (e.g.,hypertension).

The cloud of associations contains associationsas well as synonyms, translations, spelling

variations, and typographical errors. Uponselecting an entry from results listing displayed ina left-side frame, the associated document isdisplayed in a right-hand frame.


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Cloud of Associations


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ThemeViewTM

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory


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Information Visualization

Information visualization may be defined as theuse of computer-supported interactive visualrepresentation of abstract data to amplifycognition. Its purpose is not the pictures themselves,

but insight . Information visualization is part of the new media

made possible by the development of the real-timevisual computer.

Succinctly stated, information visualization is ahighly efficient way for the mind to directlyperceive data and discover knowledge and insightfrom it.


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Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

One of the major research centers in the United Statesinvolved with the development and application of

information visualization technologies is the Pacific

Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) based in

Richland, Washington.

Among its notable projects isSPIRE- the Spatial

Paradigm for Information and Exploration, a suite of

information visualization tools intended to help usersexplore a large number of textual documents with an

intuitive spatial metaphor. Of the varied SPIRE

technologies, Galaxies and ThemeVieware

particularly noteworthy.


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Galaxies

The Galaxiesvisualization uses the image ofstars in the night sky to represent a set ofdocuments.

In this visualization, each document is

represented by a single docustar. Documentsthat are closely related cluster together, whileunrelated documents are separated by largedistances. In Galaxies, several analytical toolsare provided that allow users to investigatedocument groupings, query the documentcontents, and investigate time-based trends.


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Galaxies


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ThemeView In the ThemeView visualization (formerly

ThemeScape)the topics or themes within aset of documents are shown as a relief map ofnatural terrain.

The mountains in the ThemeViewindicatedominant themes. The height of the peaksindicates the relative strengths of the topics inthe document set. Similar themes appear closetogether, while unrelated themes are separatedby larger distances.

ThemeViewprovides a visual overview of the

major topics contained in a set of documents.


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ThemeView

Concisely described, a ThemeViewvisualization is a 3-D feature map that shows

where major concepts and themes are located

in a database. Through a simple image, ThemeView

visualizations can summarize the contents of

an entire database, identify where majorconcepts are located, and detail the

interrelationships between them.


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ThemeView


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The Future is Now (1)

Although only a select number of electronic journalcollections currently offer innovative and novelinterfaces, one can expect that such enhancementswill soon become commonplace as digital collections

become larger and more complex, and the need foradvanced navigation features and functionalitiesbecomes more widely recognized.

Likewise, as computer processing and

communication technologies continue to improve,one can predict that two-dimensional visualized e-

journal interfaces in time will be superseded bythree-dimensional interfaces.


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The Future is Now (2)

One could envision, for example, the next-generation HighWire Press TopicMap as aTopicLandscape.

In such a ThemeViewtransformation, broad and

general topics and lower-level subtopics would bepresented as labeled peaks, plateaus, and valleys,permitting a user to readily identify and navigatethe dominant and subordinate themes for an entire

digital corpus, or one of its sectors.Within this digital landscape, a user could easilybrowse related topics or directly retrieve documentsof interest, at any level.


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New Age Navigation:

Innovative Information Interfaces

for Electronic Journals

Gerry McKiernanThe Serials Librarian 45 (2) (2003): 87-123.
http://www.public.iastate.edu/~gerrymck/NewAge.pdfhttp://www.public.iastate.edu/~gerrymck/NewAge.pdfhttp://www.public.iastate.edu/~gerrymck/NewAge.pdfhttp://www.public.iastate.edu/~gerrymck/NewAge.pdfhttp://www.public.iastate.edu/~gerrymck/NewAge.pdfhttp://www.public.iastate.edu/~gerrymck/NewAge.pdfhttp://www.public.iastate.edu/~gerrymck/NewAge.pdf


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Postscript

RefVizhttp://www.omniviz.com/
http://www.omniviz.com/http://www.omniviz.com/


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RefViz RefViz is a text analysis and visualization

software designed to analyze, organize, andfacilitate the comprehension of the hugeamounts of literature available to students and

professional researchers today. InRefViz, references are organized by

thematic content and presented in interactivevisualizations that allow the [user] to

rapidly identify major theme and focus onareas of interest. It can be used to createoverviews of most literature search resultsfrom popular databases.


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RefViz


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THANK YOU FOR YOUR

ATTENTION!

ABRIDGED VERSION 1.2|| 11-11-03 || 13:30 ||

|| 10-26-03 || 12:15 ||