Information and Communication Technology In Education

INFORMATION AND

COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION

M.VijayalakshmiGuest Lecturer

INFORMATION AND

COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION

Unit IInformation

and Communication

Technology

ICT: Concept, Objectives, Need and Importance of ICT – Characteristics and Scope of Information and Communication Technology

Meaning • The term “Information” refers to “any

communication or representation of knowledge such as facts, data or opinions in any medium or for, including textual, numerical, graphic Cartographic, narrative or audiovisual forms.

• Technology is the practical form of scientific knowledge or the science of application of knowledge to practical.

05/02/2023 Prof. Priya Kale 6

Definition • "ICT stand for information and communication

technologies and is defined, as a "diverse set of technological tools and resources used to communicate, and to create, disseminate, store, and manage information."

• "ICT implies the technology which consists of electronic devices and associated human interactive materials that enable the user to employ them for a wide range of teaching - learning processes in addition to personal use."

Concept of ICT• Information technology (IT) that can help in

coping with the information explosion

• Information technology (IT) is the acquisition, processing, storage and dissemination of vocal, pictorial, textual and numerical information by a micro-electronics - based combination of computing and telecommunication.

• Anything that renders data, information or perceived knowledge in any visual format whatsoever, via any multimedia distribution mechanism, is considered part of the domains space known as Information Technology

• Communication technology is the activity of designing and constructing and maintaining communication systems.

Classification

Traditional

Modern

NEED of ICT

Importance of ICT

Characteristics of Information Technology

* Acquisition, Storage, manipulation, management, transmission or reception of data or information.

* Real time access to information. * Easy availability of updated data. * Connecting Geographically dispersed regions. * Wider range of communication media.

Unique Characteristics of ICT

ICT is pervasive and cross-cutting From personal use to business and Govt. Can be tailored to meet personal, local, diverse

needs. ICT creates networks

Those connected benefit from the network The Network externalities increases as it

grows

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Characteristics cont’

ICT disseminates information and knowledge

Separates content from its physical locationMakes knowledge available to remote

communitiesICT allows for zero or declining marginal

costsReplication of content is freeDistribution of marginal cost is near zeroICT reduces transaction costs

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ICT enhances efficiency Has power to store, retrieve, sorts, filter and

distribute information Makes processes and transactions leaner and

more effective

ICT reduces the need for intermediaries Links consumers directly to producers Allows users to acquire products and services

directly

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ICT is global Transcends cultural and linguistic barriers

Allows local communities to be part of the global network

SummaryThese characteristics suggest that ICT can be a

powerful enabler of development

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ICT for EducationApplications of ICT

Distance Education

Affordability and geography have been barriers to access

ICT has enhanced the quality of distance education Six largest Distance Learning Universities are located in

developing countries: Turkey, Indonesia, China, India, Thailand and Korea

Distance Education facilitated by ICT has mainly been applied to tertiary education

ICT has enabled cross-border education24

Applications cont’

Scientific Research Development of networks over the internet

empowers indigenous research & development (R&D) in developing countries

Existence of virtual research groups allows databases and information to be shared

ICT enhances North-South and South-South collaborations

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Applications cont’

Technical and vocational training

ICT is being employed to train workers in many functional areas e.g Health care,IT services, teachers

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Education Administration Enhances day-to-day management of institutions

• Timetabling• Student admission &Tracking• Financial Management• Medical services• Procurement & store management• Data distribution & management

Uses in Education• To broadcast material, online facility or CD-ROM can be used as sources of

information in different subjects• To facilitate communication for pupils with special needs • To use electronic toys to develop spatial awareness and psycho-motor control• To use the Online resource like, email, Chat, discussion forum to support

collaborative writing and sharing of information• To facilitate video-conferencing or other form of Tele conferencing to involve

wide range of students from distant Geographic areas • For Blended learning by combining conventional classroom learning with

E-leaming learning systems • To process administrative and assessment data• To exchange and share ideas -among teachers for the professional growth • To carry out internet-based research to enhance , educational process

Uses and Advantages• Students • Teachers• Guidance and Counseling personnel• Educational Planners• Research Workers• Desirable changes and resolution –

Formal and Non-formal Education and Instruction

Limitations and Drawbacks

• Lack of needed facilities , material and equipment and favourable conditions for the use of ICT

• Widespread ignorance• Resistance – attachment to old ways and fear

– adoption of the new• Lack of provision – in pre-service stage nor in-

service stage

Scope of ICT


Scope

TL process Publication Evaluation Research Administration


Teaching learning process

Effective learning is possible by five sensory means.According to psychological study human can grasp 80% knowledge visually, 15 % through hearing & 5% with the rest of the sensory items.


• So it becomes necessary to present the content by attractive means. Computer technology helps us to provide rich presentation.

• To provide rich presentation, it is necessary to use the various components like:-

1. Text matter presentation2. Animation presentation3. Graphic presentation4. Audio presentation5. Video presentation

Computer Aided Teaching has become popular now a days.

SCOPE OF ICT IN EDUCATION

A person from village also can refer the latest information and research everyday.Television broadcast is one of the best communication media to educate students, farmers, sportsman.The difficult experiments, advance surgery for medical students etc. can be viewed.LCD projectors can be used for effective training.The man power problem, the human mistakes can be avoided by on-line examination.

In online tutoring, the student logs into his or her tutor through the use of internet at home. The student asks the question and teacher replies it by writing on smart board or using powerpoint presentation.

LEARNING USING ICT

Motivates learnerLearning process can be anywhere and anytimeStudents use interactive whiteboard in classroom.

IMPACT ON TEACHERS

Teacher access to : Lesson plans Network of teachers Pedagogical techniques Information resources


Publication

• The notes, printed text books can be digitized with the help of computer technology.

• Many e-books are available on websites developed by different publishers.

• Encyclopedia is also available on internet.


Evaluation

Online tests Results

Feedback Software

Progress reports

ADVANTAGES OF ICT FOR EVALUATION

Student accept more responsibility for their own learning and its assessment, developing expertise in the process.

Teacher application of curriculum can be monitored by analyzing test results. This can be used by teachers for assessing and improving their own performance meeting state and national standards.


ResearchSearch engines

E libraries

Internet Wikipedia

USE OF ICT IN DAY TO DAY LIFE OF STUDENTS AND TEACHERS

• Students use ICT as reference tool. They use computers to browse the internet to look information, project information and literature survey.

• Teachers use ICT in research for preparing teaching material ,participate in online forums and online conference.

• Researchers use ICT tool to collect ,process and analyze data.

• School administrators use ICT tool for administrative purpose to make sure that the entire operation runs smoothly. E.g. to get student details at the click of a button.


Administration• Employees register• Library record• Progress reports• Students register• Placement cell• Alumni record• School campus record• Finance & accounts• Timetable

How ICT is being used very effectivelyBroadening horizons with more opportunities

for creative expressionFlexibility to study where, when and how best

suits individual needs and preferencesIncreased motivation through learning that

stimulates and stretches Wider access to learning and participationSensible choices about when, when not and

how to use new technology to enhance, enrich and extend learning

Advantages of using ICT in lessons Increased commitment to learning works Enhanced enjoyment and interest in learning and the subject Increase in self-directed learning and independence Getting a lot of information and ideas Learning computer skills Analyzing information Increased motivation to stay on-work, behave better and

produce higher Quality output Produce higher quality work Learn more independently and at their own pace Do things they cannot do using traditional methods and

resources Do more work and work more quickly

A Framework for ICT in Teacher Education

Leadership & Vision

Content & Pedagogy

Planning & Management of Change

Collaborating & Networking

Teacher Education

Technical Issues

Life Long Learning

Social Issues

Context & Culture

Four Themes

Context and Culture

Leadership and Vision

Lifelong Learning

Planning and Management

of Change

Four Competencies

Pedagogy

Collaboration and Networking

Technical Issues

Social Issues

Technological Options in Teaching

• Voice - one-way, two-way audio tools• Video – still images, pre-recorded moving

images, real-time moving images• Data -i. Teaching Machineii. CAIiii. CMIiv. CME• Print

ADVANTAGES OF THE USE OF ICT IN EDUCATION

• Quick access to information • Easy availability of updated data • Connecting Geographically dispersed regions • Catering to the Individual differences • Wider range of communication media • Wider learning opportunities for pupils

Recommendation

• Deep impact• Respond to change – much faster• Urgent to realign the curriculum framework• Training and Orientation – immediate requirement• Teachers in profession – continual professional

development• Teacher educators – plan to introduce – to ensure high

quality and appropriate learning• Teacher educators, educational authorities and

stakeholders - Enjoy the maximum benefits • Building appropriate information systems• Redefining the processes – transparency

Credit Sources

Images are taken from INTERNET Sources