Inequality

Inequality

Introduction

• An enormous problem within Indian society.• Gender inequality in India refers to socially constructed

differences between men and women in India that systematically empower one group to the detriment of the other.

Cultural Factors in India

• Patriarchy

• Preferences of Sons

• Dowry System

Types of Gender Inequality in India

• Violence against women.• Dowry deaths.• Chance for female to accept education.• Labour force participation.• Property rights issue.• Percent of women in elected positions.

Conclusion

• Inequality is still very much a fact of life in India.

• Hope that improving the education and opportunities for women and extinction of gender inequality will be achieved in India.

Introduction

• Economic Inequality is the state of affairs in which assets, wealth, or income is distributed unequally among individuals in India.

• India being part of the four nations housing the highest number of billionaires, a shocking 836 million people in India live below the poverty line and living on less than 50 cents per day.

Factors

• Growth factor.

• Highly unequal asset distribution.

• Inadequate employment generation.

• Differential regional growth.

Effects

• Damaging to vulnerable populations.

• Intergenerational inequality.

• Stop the flow of cash.

• Ill health problems increased.

• Decreased in net reduction in educational attainment.

• Economic instability.

Conclusion

• Inequality is still very much a fact of life in India.

• Result of deep-rooted social and economic structures that perpetuate privilege and limit opportunities for the poor.

Inequality In United State

Gender Inequality

•The first is that the wage gap persists overall between women working full time and men working full time.

•Women earn a median weekly wage that’s only 81% of a man’s weekly median wage.

•And even more importantly the percentage of managers who are women has risen from 35% to only 38% of the last twenty years.

•This year, women hold 98 of 535 seats in Congress. That's just 18%.

•Women were significantly less likely to be receive a job offer or an interview for a high-paying waiter position when compared to equally qualified men.

•Men were more likely to be hired in traditionally masculine jobs, such as sales management, and women were more likely to be hired in traditionally feminine jobs, such as receptionist or secretary.

Inequality Of Maternity leave in the United States

Wealth Inequality In United State

•Wealth Inequality in the United State has grown significantly since the early 1970s ,after several decade of stability and has been the subject of study of many scholars and institutions.

• While inequality has risen among most develop countries, and especially English-speaking ones, it is highest in the United States

• In 2012, the gap between the richest 1 percent and the remaining 99 percent was the widest it's been since the 1920s.

• Incomes of the wealthiest 1 percent rose nearly 20 percent, whereas the income of the remaining 99 percent rose 1 percent in comparison.

Inequality in China

Gender Inquality In China

•China is a developing country with the largest population in the world. Of its total population of 1.3 billion, women account for about half.

Earning Inequalities

• A survey of the status of Chinese women in 1990 found that Average annual income of rural men and women was 1,518 Yuan and 1,235 Yuan respectively, an income ratio is 81.4%.

• The average income of women in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery was 2368.7 Yuan in 2000, only 59.6% of men's income, which gap increased by 19.4 percentage points from 1990.

•

Unemployment

Region Female ratio in 1990(%) Male ratio in 1990 (%) Female ratio in 1995 (%) Male ratio in 1995 (%)

China.Research 58.0 42.0 57.4 42.6

Discriminatory hiring practices

•Gender discrimination in recruitment can be divided into explicit gender discrimination and hidden gender discrimination.

• Explicit gender discrimination refers to explicit restrictions on women in the recruitment process. Hidden gender discrimination does not clearly define the limitations on recruiting women, but in the actual decision-making stage the management will still implement preference for men or the male priority rules under the same conditions

•This kind of discrimination is experienced mainly by women job-seekers over the age of 40. The age limit for men is more relaxed, usually is under 40 or 45 years of age, but for women age limit is mostly under the age of 30, or even under 25 years of age.

Introduction to Bangladesh Inequality

Introduction to Bangladesh Inequality

Main inequality occurs in Bangladesh on the basis of power, wealth, rank, class and ethnicity.

Unequal distribution of wealth affects the overall progress of the nation in several ways, and all of them produce profound negative effects.

It has been long recognized both as the cause and as the effect of underdevelopment.

Wealth Inequality

in Bangladesh

Bangladesh is the poorest group of countries in the world.

Most of the workers have low-income.

Poverty rate is highest in rural areas, at 36 percent.

Children lack of education and healthcare due to poverty.

Causes of Poverty in Bangladesh

Low wages.

Rapid growth of population.

Lack of education and skilled labor.

Lack of administrative fairness and accountability.

Under developed communications system.

Effects of Poverty in Bangladesh

Lower class of lifestyle.

Malnutrition and hunger.

Homelessness.

Social crime increases.

Gender Inequality in Bangladesh

Bangladesh is one of seven countries of the world where the number of men exceeds the number of women.

Only 9% female is the student population at technical universities.

Women's participation in high skill, managerial, and government executive positions have increased only to a limited extent.

Reasons of Gender Inequality in Bangladesh

There are no effective policies to ensure women’s security at home, educational institutions, road and organizations.

There are perceptions that men are better off than women are as far as the ability to work is concerned.

Early marriage has historically limited young women’s access to education.

Conclusion

• Inequality exists because lack of wealth.

• Poverty is the main problem of the country.

• Mainly inequality occurs in Bangladesh on the basis of power, wealth, rank, class, ethnicity.