Indonesian Science and Technology Indicator Country Report Presented in: 2011 South East Asian Regional Workshop On Science, Technology, and Innovation.

IndonesianScience and

Technology IndicatorCountry Report

Presented in:2011 South East Asian Regional Workshop

On Science, Technology, and Innovation IndicatorsHanoi, Vietnam, December 5-8, 2011

Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)Center for Science and Technology Development Studies

(PAPPIPTEK)

Nani Grace Berliana Simamora

CONTENTS

Collecting R&D Statistics2

R&D Survey in Manufacturing Industrya5

1

Our Future Plans4

Indonesian Science and Technology Indicator1

General Issues in Conducting Surveys3

R&D Survey in Higher Educationb

Indonesian S&T Indicator

Main Indicator(secondary data)

Main IndicatorInsert R&D Survey Data: Government (2005), Manufacturing Industry (1999-2000), Higher Education (2005)

Main IndicatorInsert R&D Survey Data: Government , Manufacturing Industry Higher Education (2006)

Main Indicator + SupplementInsert R&D Survey Data: Government (2006), Manufacturing Industry (2008), Higher Educatio(2007), Biotechnology (2008), Public Perseption of Science and Technology (2008)

Main IndicatorInsert R&D Survey Data: Government, Manufacturing Industri & Higher Education (2010)

MAIN INDICATOR1. Economy and Technology Intensity2. S&T in Government Sector3. S&T in Manufacturing Industry

Sector4. Provisioning Educated Manpower

and S&T Activities in Universities5. Outputs of S&T Activities

INDONESIAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INDICATOR

THE UTILIZATION OF INDONESIAN S&T INDICATOR

Public Perseption of Science and Technology

R&D Activities in Manufacturing Industri

R&D activities in Higher Education

S&T ISSUESSECTOR

The Map of R&D Biotechnology

( Innovation in )Manufacturing Industry

National Development

Planning Agency(RPJP, RPJMN)

Ministry of Research and Technology

(Strategic Planning 2009-2014)

The International Agency: Unesco

R&D activities in Government

CONDUCTING THE SURVEY

COLLECTING R&D STATISTICS

Manufacturing Industry Sector

R&D Activities Survey Innovation Survey R&D Activities Survey Innovation Survey

Higher EducationSector

R&D Activities Survey R&D Activities Survey

Government Sector

Government Sector

Business enterprise (exc. manufacturing industry) &Private non profit sector

Business enterprise (exc. manufacturing industry) &Private non profit sector

NO Data base to develop the populationNO Data base to develop the population

OUR GUIDELINES FOR SURVEY AND QUESTIONNAIRE

R&D Survey in Manufacturing

Industry

SCOPE OF THE SURVEY

The enterprise (public and private) with classified into the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC)

The enterprise (public and private) with classified into the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC)

Medium and large scale manufacturing enterprise (definition by BPS-statistic Indonesia)

Medium scale 20 – 99 workforceLarge scale 100 or more

Medium and large scale manufacturing enterprise (definition by BPS-statistic Indonesia)

Medium scale 20 – 99 workforceLarge scale 100 or more

CENSUS SURVEY

27000

Manufacturing Census by Statistics Indonesia1,228 companies

(return rate 40%)

R&D survey 2006Secondary data from:

•Ministry of Research and Technology•Indonesian Chamber for Commerce and Industries

•Ministry of Trading and Industry

3.013 Companies performing R&D activity

RESPOND RATE BY ISIC

3,013 samples 1,581 firm (Responds Rate 52.5%) perform R&D activity: 375 (12%)

3,013 samples 1,581 firm (Responds Rate 52.5%) perform R&D activity: 375 (12%)

MAIN FINDINGS - EXPENDITURE

Estimation3):

R & D Expenditure in 2009: IDR 800 Billions

Estimation3):

R & D Expenditure in 2009: IDR 800 Billions

1) Intramural expendituresR & D expenditures are used to finance activities R & D performed by the company

2) Extramural expendituresR & D expenditure are used to finance activities R&D performed by others

3) Based on statistical calculation (confidence interval + variance of ISIC)

Source: R&D activities survey in Manufacturing Industry, 2010

MAIN FINDINGS – R&D PERSONNEL

The Majority of R&D personnel in manufacturing industry had diploma degrees.

R&D personnel with natural science and engineering background, mostly worked in the field of production engineering & R&D unit.

Source: R&D activities survey in Manufacturing Industry, 2010

R&D Survey in Higher Education

COVERAGE

Covers:R&D ExpenditureR&D Personnel

Response Rate: 87%

UNIVERSITY COVERAGE

Syah Kuala

Malikussaleh

Medan State

Sumatera Utara

RiauPadang State

Andalas

Jambi

Bengkulu

Sriwijaya

Lampung

SultanAgengTirtayasa

•Indonesia•Jakarta State

Bogor Agricultural•ITB

•Padjadjaran•UPI •Gadjah Mada

•Yogyakarta State

•Diponegoro•Semarang State•Jend Soedirman•Sebelas maret

•10 November•Airlangga

•Surabaya State•Brawijaya

•Jember•Malang state

•Ganesha•Udayana

•Mataram

•Nusa Cendana

Tanjungpura

Palangkaraya

Lambung Mangkurat

Mulawarman

Trunojoyo

•Sam Ratulangi•Manado State

Gorontalo StateTadulako

Haluoleo•Hasanudin•Makasar State

Khairun

Pattimura

Papua State

Cenderawasih

Sources: R&D survey in Higher Education, 2009

In terms of its sources, most R&D expenditures originated from domestic sources which reached 95,75%.

Most of this fund came from Directorate General of Higher Education 65,53%.

Sources: R&D survey in Higher Education, 2009c

MAIN FINDINGS: EXPENDITURE BY SOURCE

The Majority of R&D expenditure was allocated for applied research (56.70%), the remaining were for experimental development (20,40%) and basic research (22,90%)

MAIN FINDINGS: EXPENDITURE BY TYPE

Sources: R&D survey in Higher Education, 2009

Total:42,083 R&D personnel

Total:42,083 R&D personnel

MAIN FINDINGS: R&D PERSONNEL

Sources: R&D survey in Higher Education, 2009

Expenditure for R&D Gross Expenditure on R&D (GERD)

GERD as percentage of GDP

Contributions of Government and Private

Sector of GDP

CONTRIBUTOR:

S&T INDICATOR TEAM, PAPPIPTEK - INDONESIA

GROSS EXPENDITURE ON R&D (GERD)

GERD Rp. 4,720,341,818,344

GDP Rp. 5,613,441,700,000,000

GERD/GDP 0.08%

National GERD and GERD/GDP Ratio, 2009

Source: R&D survey in University sector (2009), Industry sector (2010), and Government sector (2006)

Note:1) Based on R&D Survey in University Sector, 20102) Based on R&D Survey in Industry Sector, 20103) Based on R&D Survey in Government Sector, 2008*

* the estimates with an average growth rate Goverment R&D budget since 2005-2008.

Shows that the breakdowon of R&D expenditure by sector in 2009. Government and Higher Education were the highest R&D expenditure with ratio of GERD 0,04% for Government and 0,03% for Higher Education. Manufacturing industry was a lowest

Human Resources Involved in R&D

R&D Personnel

Researcher by Sector – Headcount

Researcher by Sector – FTE

CONTRIBUTOR:

S&T INDICATOR TEAM, PAPPIPTEK - INDONESIA

R&D PERSONNEL

Source: Estimation from R&D survey in University sector (2009), Industry sector (2008), and Government sector (2006)

RESEARCHERS BY SECTOR - FTE

Sector FTE

Higher Education 0.33

Manufacturing Industry 1.00

Government 0.56

Full-Time-Equivalent measuring assumption:• In Higher Education

based on “Tridharma Perguruan Tinggi” (lecturers have three main duty: Education, Research, and Community Service (FTE=1/3))

• In Manufacturing IndustryIt is assumed that the researchers conducting R&D at all hours of work

• In Govermentbased on survey in government sector

Source: Estimation from R&D survey in University sector (2009), Industry sector (2008), and Government sector (2006)

General Issuesin Conducting

Surveys

PROBLEMS IN CONDUCTING SURVEY

OUR FUTURE PLANS

Thank You

Indonesian Institute of Sciences(LIPI)

Center for Science and Technology Development Studies (PAPPIPTEK)