I CAN: Define Motivation Distinguish the 6 types of motivation (Drive, Motive, Intrinsic Motivation, Extrinsic Motivation, Conscious Motivation, Unconscious.

I CAN:

• Define Motivation• Distinguish the 6 types of motivation (Drive,

Motive , Intrinsic Motivation , Extrinsic Motivation, Conscious Motivation, Unconscious Motivation)

• Describe a time overjustification interfered with your motivation

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Motivation takes many forms, but all involve inferred mental processes that select

and direct our behavior

Motivation: What Makes Us Act as We Do?


Motivation–Mental processes that select

and direct our behavior

Why We Do Things



Office Space Clip


Types of Motivation

• Drive• Motive • Intrinsic Motivation • Extrinsic Motivation• Conscious Motivation• Unconscious Motivation


Drive• HungerHunger• Thirst Thirst • SexSex

Biologically instigated motivation


Motive

• The desire to play video games • The Need for Achievement

The internal mechanism that selects and directs behavior

Urges that are mainly learned rather than biologically based


Intrinsic Motivation

• This comes from ‘within’ the person

Desire to engage in an activity for its own sake


Extrinsic Motivation Desire to engage in an activity to achieve an

external consequence…like a reward

The anticipation of a reward will continue to be a motivator even when the task holds little or no interest.

An extrinsically motivated student may have no interest in the subject, but the possibility of a good grade is enough to keep the student motivated


Conscious Motivation

• Having the desire to engage in an activity and being aware of the desire


Unconscious Motivation • Having a desire

to engage in an activity but being consciously unaware of the desire

Freud: repressed desires, impulses, memories influence motivation

A talented basketball player who plays poorly in a game could unconsciously be punishing an over-

demanding father or coach


Theories of Motivation

1. Instinct Theory2. Drive Theory: aka Drive Reduction Theory

3. Cognitive Theory4. Psychodynamic Theory5. Maslows’s Humanistic Theory:


1. Instinct Theory

• View that certain behaviors are determined by innate factors

Human actions such as ridiculing others can be thought to be akin to an animal attacking a younger animal of the same species to stop them from trying to become a leader in the pack.


• Organism are born with a set of biologically based behaviors that promote their survival

Problems with instinctual theories:Can not explain all of human behavior

Example: jealousy, modesty, altruism, selfishness


Fixed-Action Patterns

• The concept of fixed-action patterns has replaced the older

concept of ‘instincts’


Fixed-Action Patterns • Genetically based behaviors, seen across a species,

that can be set off by a specific stimulus

Yawning, whether seen, heard or both, then serves as a releaser in nearby animals


2. Drive Theory • Drive Reduction Theory

• View that a biological need (an imbalance that threatens survival) produces a drive

Fails to explain human actions that produced, rather than reduced, tension, such as rock climbing


Homeostasis

Does not explain things like why people play, which is rewarding in

itself without satisfying a drive


3. Cognitive Theory

• Locus of Control An individual’s belief about their ability to control the events in our lives … internally or externally

People actively determine their own goals and how to achieve them


Locus of Control • Internal LOC

• You control what happens to you

• If you study, you get a good grade

• External LOC • Outside influences

control what happen

• Good grades are due to luck or a biased teacher


4. Psychodynamic Theory

1. Eros The desire for sex

• 2. Thanatos The aggressive,

destructive impulse.

Freud believed that humans have only two basic drives:


• Virtually everything we do is based on one of these urges

• Since these urges are always building, we continuously need to find acceptable outlets for our sexual (artist creating art) and aggressive (sports) needs

Georgia O'Keefe


5. Maslow’s Humanistic Theory• Hierarchy of Needs • The notion that needs

occur in priority order, with the biological needs as the most basic


Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs


Maslow’s Self-Actualization–State of self-fulfillment in which people realize their highest potential in their own unique way


Rewards

• Rewards don’t always interfere with intrinsic motivation

• For example, some people love their job and get paid for it

Airborne Toxic Event


• As a result of the extrinsic incentive, the person views his or her actions as externally motivated rather than intrinsically appealing

• For example, when a child receives money for playing video games, they actually may play it less

Overjustification

CAN I?

• Define Motivation• Distinguish the 6 types of motivation (Drive,

Motive , Intrinsic Motivation , Extrinsic Motivation, Conscious Motivation, Unconscious Motivation)

• Describe a time overjustification interfered with your motivation

I CAN: Define Motivation Distinguish the 6 types of motivation (Drive, Motive, Intrinsic Motivation, Extrinsic Motivation, Conscious Motivation, Unconscious.

Documents

copyright allyn bacon

instigated motivation

behavior motivation

desire slide

theories of motivation

extrinsic motivation

based slide

coach slide