EVALUATION OF HYPOGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY OF CUCUMIS SATIVUS IN HEALTHY RATS UNDER THE GUIDACE OF: MD.ABDUL KAREEM AMER M.Pharm. Department of Pharmacology
EVALUATION OF HYPOGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY OF
CUCUMIS SATIVUS IN HEALTHY RATS
UNDER THE GUIDACE OF:MD.ABDUL KAREEM AMER
M.Pharm.Department of Pharmacology
INTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by defects in insulin secretion action or both.
Hypoglycemia- decrease in blood glucose level.i;eless than 70 mg/dlMost common occurs in Diabetis mellitus with insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents
Hypoglycemia occurs when:
Your body's sugar (glucose) is used up too quickly
Glucose is released into the bloodstream too slowly
Too much insulin is released into the bloodstream
Symptoms you may have when your blood sugar gets too low include:
Double vision or blurry visionFast or pounding heartbeatFeeling cranky or acting aggressiveFeeling nervousHeadacheHungerShaking or tremblingSleeping troubleSweating
SCOPE OF THE WORK:
Diabetes Allopathy
Disadvantages
Herbal drugs with
antidiabetic potential
Eg:bitter
gourd,cinnamon,aleo Vera
etc
AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE
WORK:
Selection of the plant Collection and
authentification
Extraction
Phytochemical screening
Pharmacological studies
Selected Plant:-Cucumis sativa
Botanical name cucumis sativa Family Cucurbitaceae – Cucumber family
General description cucumber is creeping vineEnclosed seeds and developing from a flower classified a fruit.contains more than 90% of water.
Chemical constituents: moisture 96.4 %, protein 0.4 %, carbohydrate 2.8 %, calcium 0.01 %, phosphorus 0.03 %, iron 1.5 mg per 100 gram, vitamin B and vitamin C are also present.
REVIEW OF LITERATURE Hypoglycemic effects of ethanolic extracts of alligator pear seed
Hypoglycemic effects of water, ethanolic and butanolic extracts prepared from the root of Malmoe depressa (Baill)
Hypoglycemic effect of Lagerstromia speciosa L
No scientific proof established for antidiabetic activity”
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
1. Preparation of ethanolic extract of seeds of Cucumis sativus.
2. Performing acute toxicity studies for extract.
3. Evaluating the hypoglycemic activity
MATERIALS & METHODS:- Materials
Diethyl ether Sodium citrate Glibenclamide, Gum acacia (5% w/v),Cucumber, GOD/POD kit Distilled water, Methanol (Rats (150-200g) Eppendorf Micro pipette, tips and capillary tubes
HYPOGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY Animals used –Male Wistar Albino Rats Dose -150-200g, – significant decrease of blood glucose level
Ethanolic extraction, purification and
drying of extracts
Using methanol as a solvent the active
principle was extracted by maceration for 72
hr. Filtered, filtrate was dried in china dish and
weighed
ACUTE TOXICITY STUDIES
Animals used – mice Dose 2000mg/kg No mortality upto 2000mg/kg
No significant toxicity
Grp Dose mg/kg No.of Animals
Dose difference(a)
Animal died(b)
Mean Product(a*b)
1
2.
3.
4.
5mg/kg
50mg/kg
300mg/kg
2000mg/kg
2-3
2-3
2-3
2-3
-
45mg/kg
250mg/kg
1700mg/kg
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
LD 50 = higher dose ─ Σ (a x b) n n = No. of animals in each group LD 50 = 2000─ 0 = 2000mg / kg ED 50 = LD 50 / 10 = 2000 / 10 = 200mg / kg
Grouping of animals 9 animals were divided into 3 groups each containing 3 rats, Group-1; Normal control,
Group-2; Standard (Glibenclamide 10mg/kg) Group-3; ethanolic extract of C. sativa (200 mg/kg)
Hypoglycemic activity:
Rats were orally administered with controlTest Standard
Blood is collected from eye ball at 0, 2, 4 and 6hour after feeding the plant extracts. The blood glucose level was determined by the GOD/POD. kit
Table-1: Blood glucose levels in control group after administration of 5% gum acacia (0.4ml)
CONTROL 0 hr 2 hr 4 hr6 hr
Animal 1 97.95 100.24 91.9076.19
Animal 2 103.82 93.43 100.00105.24
Animal3 94.90 90.95 91.43104.29
Mean 98.89 94.87 94.4495.24
SD 4.53 4.81 4.82 16.50
Table-2: Blood glucose levels in Test group after administration of methanolic extract of C.sativus at a dose of 200 mg/kg.
TEST 0 hr 2 hr 4 hr 6 hr
Animal 1 81.95 70.29 61.81 69.05
Animal 2 108.29 82.52 55.67 59.05
Animal3 110.00 79.81 72.81 75.24
Mean 100.08 77.54 63.43 67.78
SD 15.72 6.43 8.6 8.17
Table-3: Blood glucose levels in Standard group after administration of Glibenclamide at a dose of 10 mg/kg.
STD 0 hr 2 hr 4 hr 6 hr
Animal 1 104.10 77.14 44.24 44.76
Animal2 90.57 69.52 59.52 60.95
Animal3 91.05 53.81 56.67 57.62
Mean 95.24 66.83 53.48 54.44
SD 7.6711.90 8.13 8.55
Table-4: Blood glucose level (Mean ± SD) of control, test and standard groups at different time intervals
GROUP DOSE BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL
0 hr 2 hr 4 hr 6 hrCntrl 0.4ml of 5% acacia 98.89 ± 4.53 94.87 ± 4.81 94.44 ± 4.82 95.24 ± 16.50
Test 200 mg/k 100.08 ± 15.72 77.54 ± 6.43 63.43 ± 8.69** 67.78 ± 8.17* Standard 10mg/kg 95.24 ± 7.6 66.83 ± 11.90*53.48 ± 8.13 54**.44 ± 8.55**
Hypoglycemic activity of Methanolic extract of C.sativus.
C0 T0 S0 C2 T2 S2 C4 T4 S4 C6 T6 S6
0
50
100
150
***** **
**
**
Time (hr)
Blo
od
glu
co
se
lev
el
(mg
/dl)
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Phytochemical screening ethanolic extract has been found to have constituents like flavanoids.
Acute toxicity studies
No mortality upto 2000mg/kg Hypoglycemic activity .
800mg.kg has significant hypoglycemic activity
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the experiment evidence obtained in the present laboratory animal study indicate that methanolic extract of Cucumis sativus peel possess hypoglycemic properties which suggest the presence of biologically active components which may be worth further investigation and elucidation