Hygiene & Sanitation Challenges in Pakistan

Hygiene & Sanitation Challenges in Pakistan

Lokhaze AliPhD Student

NUST

Hygiene & Sanitation Challenges in Pakistan 2

Achievements in Last Two Decades

• 2.3 billion people gained access to improved drinking-water between 1990–2012.

• The number of children dying from diarrheal diseases have steadily fallen from 1.5 million deaths in 1990 to just above 600,000 (0.6 million) in 2012.


Global Crisis• 2.5 billion people lack access to improved sanitation.

• 1 billion people practice open defecation, nine out of ten in rural areas.

• 748 million people lack access to improved drinking-water and it is estimated that 1.8 billion people use a source of drinking-water that is faecally contaminated.

• Hundreds of millions of people have no access to soap and water to wash their hands






Challenges• Critical gaps in monitoring

• Weak country capacity to implement plans

• Insufficient funding


Water Aid Pakistan-Facts

• 15.3 Million people in Pakistan don't have access to safe water

• Over 93 million people don't have access to adequate sanitation in Pakistan, over half of the population.

• Over 40,000 children die every year from diarrhea caused by unsafe water and poor sanitation in Pakistan.


South Asia• Max number of Poor

• More children die due to unsafe drinking water in any megacity in South Asia than total number of people killed in WoT till date

Pakistan: 144/193Avg Age: 67 yrsMale: 66 yrsFemale: 68 yrsJapan: 1/193Avg Age: 85 yrs


Financing Issues• National financing for WASH is insufficient

• National WASH Plans• Two-thirds of countries recognize the right to both water and sanitation in their constitution or legislation

• Few countries use available data to make funding decisions on sanitation

• Huge financing gap between budgets and plans


GIS Mapping• Health Data Portal• Data with date and time (Last Results)

• No Redundancy (Integrated Approach)

• One Portal for all (PCRWR, WASA, EPA, NUST Labs, etc)

• Activate GPS coordinates during collection

• On Spot Water Quality Analysis


Hot Spot Analysis• Maximum number of deaths (each province)

• Maximum spread of diseases (Hospital Data for Children under 5)

• Area Identification (Point Sources, Industrial, Local Hazards)

• Water Quality Assessment

• Regression Modelling• Correlation Techniques• Pakistan Bureau of Statistics


Design Separate Drains for Industry

• Save the Populated Areas • Industrial Drains to discharge outside the city (not connected within the city)

• Polluter Pays for Treatment

• Water Meters for Industry (Reuse Water)

• No Water Bores Allowed within Industry’s premises

• Wastewater Mapping (GIS) All Parameters

• Plant Non-Fruit trees with Industrial Wastewater (Barren)


The Greatest Challenge• International Laws

• Pricing• Flood Relief


Disruptive Innovation• Generate disruptive, new ideas

• Emerging Trends (Water Technologies)

• How can you generate more income out of it

• Lower Costs• More Users (Affordability)


Create Competition • Low Cost WASH Technologies for Urban/Rural Areas

• Innovative Thinking

• Handsome Awards

• Green Journalism


The Bitter Reality• Reality: Attending a conference/seminar/workshops

• Reality: Talking about issues

• Reality: We will try to solve our problems

• Dreaming: We will do this & that… GIS Maps, Disruptive Innovations, Minting money out of our products

• Final Reality: We will have a cup of tea after the conference and things will remain the same as they are…


Change your Water………..Change your Life


Hygiene & Sanitation Challenges in Pakistan

Documents