GENERATION IN MEXICO Jose A. Raynal-Villasenor, Ph. D. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Universidad de las Americas, Puebla
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HYDROPOWER GENERATIONIN MEXICO
Jose A. Raynal-Villasenor, Ph. D.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Universidad de las Americas, Puebla
Outline of Presentation
•Characteristics of power production in Mexico•A comparison of characteristics of power production between Mexico and the US•Actual and forecasted power production in Mexico•Actual and forecasted energy production in Mexico•Actual and forecasted energy production costs in Mexico•The need for small, mini and micro hydropower production in Mexico•Conclusions
Characteristics of Power Production in Mexico
46%
22%
5%
2%
3%
22%
Installed Power Capacity by Source in Mexico
(SE, 2010)
Petroleum
Hydropower
Coal
Geotermic
Wind
Nuclear
Petroleum (inde-pendent)
41%
14%
7%3%
0%
3%
32%
Power Production by Source in Mexico (SE, 2010)
Petroleum
Hydropower
Coal
Geotermic
Wind
Nuclear
Petroleum (inde-pendent)
A Comparison of Characteristics of Power Production between
Mexico and the USA
24%
7%
45%
4%
20%
Power Production by Source in the USA
PetroleumHydropowerCoalOther RenewablesNuclear
Actual and Forecasted Power Production in Mexico
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
2013
2015
2017
2019
2021
2023
2025
2027
2029
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Actual and Forecasted Power Production in Mexico (1999-
2030) (SE, 2010)
Years
Pow
er
Pro
du
cti
on
(T
W)
Actual and Forecasted Energy Production in Mexico
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
2013
2015
2017
2019
2021
2023
2025
2027
2029
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Actual and Forecasted Energy Production in Mexico (1999-
2030) (SE, 2010)
Years
En
erg
y P
rod
ucti
on
(T
W-h
r)
Actual and Forecasted Energy Production Costs in Mexico
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
Variation of the Cost of Energy in Mexico (1999-2010) (SE, 2010)
Years
Cost
($/K
w-h
r)
The Need for Small, Mini and Micro Hydropower
Production in Mexico
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
2013
2015
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
Petroleum and Diesel Con-sumption for Power Pro-
duction in Mexico (1999-2010) (SE, 2010)
PetroleumDiesel
Years
Con
sum
pti
on
(t
hou
san
ds
of
barr
els
)
1999200020012002200320042005200620072008200920100
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
400,000
Natural Gas Consumption for Power Production in Mexico
(1999-2010) (SE, 2010)
Years
Con
sum
pti
on
(m
illi
on
s o
f f
t3)
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
Oil Production in Mexico (1976-2010)
Years
Pro
du
cti
on
(t
hou
san
ds
of
barr
ela
s p
er
day)
1895
1900
1910
1921
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
12.6 13.6 15.2 14.3 16.619.7
25.8
34.9
48.2
66.8
81.2
91.2
97.5103.3
112.3
1.5
1.1
-0.5
1.7 1.8
2.7
3.1
3.43.2
2 2.1
1.6
1
Population Growth and Popu-lation Growth Rate in Mexico
(1895-2010)
Years
Pop
ula
tion
Gro
wth
(m
illi
on
s of
peop
le)
Pop
ula
tion
Gro
wth
Rate
(%)
Hydropower Plants ClassificationBy installed capacity:•Micro hydropower plants: less than 100 kW•Mini hydropower plants: less than 1 MW•Small hydropower plants: less than 30 MW•Conventional hydropower plants: bigger than 30 MW
By head:•Low head: 2-20 m•Medium head: 20-150 m•High head: more than 150 m
Main Watersheds of Mexico
Hydropower Potential Currently not in Use
Diagnosis of Small, Mini and Micro Hydropower Production
in MexicoThere are 34 small and mini hydropower plants with
total installed capacity of 109 MW and with energy production of 479 GW-hr per year.
There were 9 new small hydropower plants projects with a total installed capacity of 139 MW
The estimated potential for small hydropower production is of 3200 MW, just in the states of Chiapas, Veracruz, Tabasco and Puebla
An expected investment of 3 million of US dollars will be done in the period 2005-2015 in hydropower projects
• There is a need to double the power and energy production in the next 20 years in Mexico• The production of fossil fuels is rapidly declining in Mexico• There is almost 76% hydropower potential to be developed in Mexico• In the year 2011 the development of this area of opportunity is almost forgotten, even though there is a huge potential for development in this area
Conclusions
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