Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen Learning relationships - user centred approach to the development of a learning environment
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
Learning relationships
- user centred approach to the development of a learning
environment
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
• Eurescom project: – Sustainability and Social Impact of ICT
on Schools, Homes and Community – Six countries (Britain, Finland,
Portugal, Norway, Iceland, Slovakia)
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
Current Educational Services are mostly:– Individual-based– Teacher-centric
Future Educational Services need to be:– Community-based– Learner-centric
Rationale
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
• build and demonstrate a learning service to support learning in both home and school and to support multiple communication and interaction in a web based learning environment
Goal of the project
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
• Theoretical background: What is already known about communication and interaction in learning?
• Collect and analyse data: Data that identifies and classifies existing learning relationships
• Use the data to generate requirements for defining a new service
Main steps to achieve the goal:
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
• build a prototype service (demo) from the selected service definition
• trial the prototype through field trials in schools and in community
• specify tools, principles and guidelines which are acceptable (usable & useful) to future service creators
• (Understand what parts of the concept are universal or are culturally specific)
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
Key Predictorsof ‘good’ learningrelationships
Validation
Data collectionand
analysis
Theoretical work Rule base
Decisions of what data we need
Validation
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
ServiceDefinition
ServicePrototype
ServiceDefinition
ServiceDefinition
ServiceTrial
ServiceCreationSupport
ValidationEvaluation
Selection of the one service definition to be built
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
Theoretical background for the product design
- theory of learning relationships
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
Learning Relationships….
• Moving from ‘what’ to ‘who’ • bridges community and individual
level in learning and organization
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
What are learning relationships?
Community
Individual Learner
Learning Relationships
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
Learning Relationship Characteristics...
• Forms: one-to-one; one-to-many; and many-to-many.
• Types: teacher centric, “equal”, learner centric
• Context: situated within social groupings
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
Support person centric,“equal”or learner centric
Learner
Community of learners
SupportPerson
Network of Learning relationships
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
Different forms of communication in learning….
• Conceptualisation (support person centric)
– Clarification– Confirmation
• Construction ( “equal”)– Co-operation– Collaboration
• Identification (learner centric)– debate
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
Data collection - understanding what the learners
are actually doing
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
1) Identification of the support person– Questionnaire (questions of daily
learning situations)• 35 questions about daily learning
situations• example: You have problems with your
essay, who would you ask to help you
– Support persons--> learning network• (1st, 2nd and 3rd orders)
– Results were verified with the learners
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
• 2) Trying to understand what a “normal” learning situation is like. – Learner was presented a problem to
be solved with support person’s assistance
– Situations were videotaped and analysed in focus of communication and interaction
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
• Background information – Students
– Friendship patterns, ICT usage, non-school related activities
– Their school– Number of students, teachers,
classes, type (private, public), available learning facilities (Internet, library)
– Their teachers– age, gender, teaching experience, motivation,
ICT usage in class
– Students’ families– learning facilities, parents education, profession
and household income
– Environment
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
Data modelling- guidelines for the service definition
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
• Qualitative and quantitative data was analysed
Typical characteristics of different type of learning relationships were identified
Indicative set of guidelines for the service definition formation was created
• Reliability issues?
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
Service definitions based on the results of the user
study
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
Checking existing services
• finding out what kind of learning services and technologies are on the market
• analysing which technologies could be used, combined, used differently in this project in order to support communication and interaction between the users
• focus group interviews of the users
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
Support personcentric
- Leaner active- Guidance by support personLeaner
centric
Audio StreamingVideo StreamingHTML pages
WhiteboardsConferencing( audio, video, text)
Java, ShockwaveRemote sensors
One possible new Learning Framework….which could be built
Possible delivery technologies....
Lectures,Text booksTV, Radio, CDs
Laboratories, seminars, field work, workshops,practicals
Tutorials, informalchats,
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
Future steps
• Build a prototype, mock-up demo• Acceptance testing of the
prototype• Service trials with the users in both
home and school • Guidelines for future service
builders
Human Factors in Telecommunications, Raila Ollikainen
• User centred approach is dependant on co-operation and commitment of the target group
• The involvement of all the project participants in all the steps is very important… or at least understanding what has been done
• A lot of work!
What have we learned?