[HTM2118]Turkey

TurkeyTürkiye

• A Brief Introduction - Basic Information - History -> Impact - Turkey Today

• Turkey = Turkish Bath + Tea + Holy month

• Conclusion

Outline

A brief introduction to Turkey

EtymologyTürkiye (Turkey) comes from 2 words:

Türk = being strong and powerful Iye = being owned and related to

the Nation of Brave People In Tatar Language

Motto, National Anthem and National Flower

• Motto: Peace at Home, Peace in the World

• National Flower: Tulips

• National Anthem: The Anthem of Independence

Presidential Seal

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Presidential_Seal_of_the_Republic_of_Turkey.png

Location

• World’s 37th Largest Country with an area of 783,562 km2 – 97% in Asia: Anatolia– 3% in Europe: Thrace

• Capital: AnkaraMap of Turkeyhttp://www2.canada.com/topics/travel/guides/lp.html?destination=turkey

Demographics

• Population: 71.5 million• Majority: Turkey Ethnicity• Officially Recognized

Minorities: Armenian, Jews and Greeks

• Other Minorities: Kurds, Laz and Hemsin

http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/ 土耳其

Male Female

Language and Religion

Language• Official Language:

Turkish

• Others: Arabic, Bosnian, Circassian and Kurdish

Religion• Freedom of Religion

• Muslim: 98% of total population

• Others: Christian

Earliest Human Settlers

A Brief History

• Impacts: –Influenced greatly by both western and

eastern cultures for a long time

–Building close relationship with western countries as an Islam country

A Brief History

Politics

• Multi-party system

• Parliamentary Representative Democracy

• Universal suffrage for both sexes over 18

Economy• World’s 15th Largest GDP-PPP in 2008• World’s 17th Largest Nominal GDP in 2008• No longer agriculture dominant• Dynamic Industry Complex• Developed service sector

Tourism and Hospitality

• Tourism: Ranking 3 in the world’s tourism industry

• Hospitality: Percentages in world 100 best hotels

11

17

20

The Turkish Culture

Our LogicHistory

Turkey = Turkish Bath + Tea + Holy month

Impact on Hospitality & Service Industry,

Society & Individual

Turkish Bath-History

• Dates back to Ancient RomeOttoman Empire

Islam

Respect for waterCleanliness

Turkish Bath

Turkish Bath-Architecture

Turkish Bath-Architecture

Step 1

Turkish Bath-Service

Turkish Bath-Service

Step 2

Turkish Bath-Service

Step 3

Turkish Bath-Service

Step 4

Turkish Bath-Service

Step 5

Impact on hospitality&Service industry

• One of the symbols of Turkey

• Numerous tourists visit Turkey for the bath

• Included in most hotels’ facilities

• Some traditional hamams have even become

destinations

• A indispensable part of the daily life of Turks

• A perfect way to relax

• More importantly, a place for socializing

• Plays an important role in some customs,

including marriage

Impact on society and individuals

Tea

• National drink

• Turkish herbal tea

• A way of life and a sign of friendship & hospitality

Image from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_tea

Other drinks• Turkish Coffee -Fortune-telling -“Let’s have a coffee.”

Image from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_coffee

• Alcoholic beverageTurkish wine – Raki

• Non-alcohol drinks

Ayran(1) Boza(2)Image (1) from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayran Image (2)from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boza

Other drinks

Non-alcohol culture VS

Hospitality industry

• Islam culture –alcohol is not allowed

• However, many people in Turkey drink alcohol

• The conflicts between the Islamist-rooted AKP(Justice and development party) and hospitality industry nowadays.

Food

Oven-baked kebab in paper Fish Pilaki

Image from: http://www.turkish-cuisine.org/english/pages.php?ParentID=5&FirstLevel=53

Bulgur Pilaf with Tomatoes Cigarette böreks(a kind of pastry)

Image from: http://www.turkish-cuisine.org/english/pages.php?ParentID=5&FirstLevel=53

Food

Baklava(1) Rice and Yogurt Soup(2)

Image(2) from: http://www.turkish-cuisine.org/english/pages.php?ParentID=5&FirstLevel=53 Image (1)from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_cuisine#Pilaf_and_pasta

Food

Restaurant Culture

• Fast Food VS Traditional Turkish Cuisine– Turks prefer traditional Turkish cuisine

• In some restaurants, it is common not to have a menu prepared for guests

• Tipping Customs

Holy Month-Ramazan

• The 30-day Islamic holy month

• time of fasting, prayer and celebration.

• Most important Islamic holiday in turkey

• Fasting--letting nothing pass the lips

Impact

• Tourists->respect the custom• Restaurants require reservations in the

evening, serve no alcoholic beverage only• Kurban Bayrami - 4 or 5-day public holiday - travel is intense & hotels are crowded

Mosques

• The House of Prayer in Islam

• Host “Iftar” dinners during Ramazan

• Attractions

Sultan Ahmet Camii (1616)(The Blue Mosque)

Hagia Sophia Museum

Impact

• Positive impact

• Visitors have to remove shoes

• Women need to wear scarf

• Visitors not allowed during prayer time

Conclusion

• More of a “high-context” culture

- hide feelings to avoid hurting people

- slowly moving towards the low-context side

Culture Characteristics

• less powerful members of organization have to follow the hierarchy order

• Decisions are based on what is the best for the group

Low HighPower distance

Low HighCollectivism

Culture Characteristics

• modest and caring population• NOT mean more equality between the sexes

• normal for countries with Muslim foundations• Business impact

Low HighMasculinity

Low HighUncertainty Avoidance

Culture Characteristics

With a long and rich history, a culture consists of the extreme of Eastern and Western, and hospitable Turks, Turkey is certainly a very popular and worth visiting tourism destination. The hospitality and service industry in Turkey is growing rapidly, although restricted by religious belief, and the whole society and individuals within are in the process of westernization.

Conclusion

The EndThank you for your

attention

(Click to view our reference )

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12-27 from http://www.bartleby.com/• Bonnie K. Bealer, Bennett Alan Weinberg, The World of

Caffeine: The Science and Culture of the World's Most Popular Drug, Routledge 2001, p.11.

• Carkoglu, Ali. (2004). Religion and Politics in Turkey. Routledge, UK. ISBN 0-4153-4831-5

• CIA World Factbook. (2009). “Turkey”. • Daniel C. Waugh (2004). “Constantinople/Istanbul”. University

of Washington, Seattle, WA.

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• Hooker, Richard (1999-06-06). “Ancient Greece: the Persian Wars”. Washington State University, WA, United States.

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fall of the Turkish Empire. Morrow. ISBN 0-6880-3093-9• Kate H. The ABC's of Larousse Gastronomique : ayran

Reference

• Mango, Andrew (2000). Ataturk. Overlook. ISBN 1-5856-7011-1• M. Sabri Koz. Recipes. Turkish Cuisine. Retrieved October 28,

2009, from http://www.turkish-cuisine.org/english/pages.php?ParentID=5&PagingIndex=0

• Mustafa Duman: Çay Kitabı, Türk Kültüründe Çay (The Tea Book: Tea in Turkish Culture), Kitabevi Press, Istanbul, 2005, p256

• Peace Research Institute Frankfurt. (2008). “Turkey: Islam and Laicism between the Interests of State, Politics, and Society”.

• Robert S.(2008, May 13). Turkey: New law restricting sale of alcohol comes into effect. Retrieved October 28, 2009, from http://www.jihadwatch.org/2008/05/turkey-new-law restricting-sale-of-alcohol-comes-into-effect.html

Reference

• Sabanci University (2005). Geography of Turkey. • Shaw, Stanford Jay; Kural Shaw, Ezel (1997). History of the

Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5212-9163-1

• Thissen, Laurens (2001). Time trajectories for the Neolithic of Central Anatolia.

• Today’s Zaman. (2007). “11 of world’s best 100 hotels in Turkey”.

• Today’s Zaman. (2008). Foreign Ministry: 89,000 minorities live in Turkey.

Reference

• Turkish Directorate General of Press and Information (2003). “Historical background of radio and television broadcasting in Turkey”.

• Turkish Ministry of Tourism (2005), Geography of Turkey, • Turkish Statistical Institute (2008). 2007 Census, population

statistics in 2007.• Turkish Statistical Institute. (2009). “Tourism Statistics in

2008”. • Turkish Directorate General of Press and Information (2001).

“Turkish Constitution”.

Reference

• Turkish Directorate General of Press and Information (2004). “Political Structure of Turkey”.

• Whiting, D (2000). Turkey Handbook• The World Bank. (2009). World Economic Indicators Database.

GDP (Nominal) 2008. • The World Bank. (2009). World Economic Indicators Database.

GDP (PPP) 2008. • US Library of Congress. (no date). “Geography of Turkey”. US

Library of Congress

Reference