HPHY 212 Week 4, lecture 1 publications-fall 2014

• 1. Bibliometrics superbetter quest+7concussions and next steps

2. Learning objectives Review creating a hypothesis to research aquestion. Practice identifying the differences between acase study, a scientific study, a review or a meta-analysisfor a scholarly article. Understand how to use boolean, subjectheadings and MeSH terms and peer-reviewedjournals for advanced searching. Recognize that there are predatory academicjournals. 3. Are placebos effective medicine?A. YesB. No 4. Placebo effecthttp://youtu.be/yfRVCaA5o18 5. What do you know about placebosafter watching that video?What do you still not know? 6. PracticeTurn your questions into:A purpose and hypothesisThen a search statement 7. Do placebo pills of different colors,sizes and shapes really make adifference? 8. I hypothesize that peoplewill respond differently to placebo pillsof different colors, sizes and shapes. 9. People will respond differently toplacebo pills of differentcolor, sizes and shapes.(respond OR differently) AND placebo pills AND (color OR size OR shape) 10. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1982 Aug;2(4):245-8.An investigation of drug expectancy as a function of capsule color and sizeand preparation form.Buckalew LW, Coffield KE.Display Settings: AbstractJ Clin Psychopharmacol. 1982 Aug;2(4):245-8.An investigation of drug expectancy as a function of capsule color and sizeand preparation form.Buckalew LW, Coffield KE.AbstractMuch of a drug response is related to nonspecific factors. Perceptual characteristics of drugpreparations likely play a major role in expectancy and response. This study focused on perceptualcharacteristics of a preparation related to anticipated effect: capsule color, capsule size, andpreparation form (capsule versus tablet). College students ranked capsules for perceived strengthbased on capsule size, categorized capsules in terms of anticipated pharmacological effect based oncolor, and evaluated strength based on preparation form. Data showed nonchance distributions fornine capsule colors in anticipated action, with specific effects for four colors. A significant differencebetween capsule and tablet for perceived strength was found, as was a trend relating capsule size toperceived drug strength. Discussion centered on awareness and consideration of drug perceptualcharacteristics in support of drug efficacy.AbstractMuch of a drug response is related to nonspecific factors. Perceptual characteristics of drugpreparations likely play a major role in expectancy and response. This study focused on perceptualcharacteristics of a preparation related to anticipated effect: capsule color, capsule size, andpreparation form (capsule versus tablet). College students ranked capsules for perceived strengthbased on capsule size, categorized capsules in terms of anticipated pharmacological effect based oncolor, and evaluated strength based on preparation form. Data showed nonchance distributions fornine capsule colors in anticipated action, with specific effects for four colors. A significant differencebetween capsule and tablet for perceived strength was found, as was a trend relating capsule size toperceived drug strength. Discussion centered on awareness and consideration of drug perceptualcharacteristics in support of drug efficacy.PMID: 7119132 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Publication Types, MeSH Terms, SubstancesPublication TypesResearch Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.MeSH TermsAdultCapsules*ColorFemaleHumansMalePersonalityPlacebos*PsychologySex FactorsTabletsPMID: 7119132 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Publication Types, MeSH Terms, SubstancesPublication TypesResearch Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.SubstancesMeSH TermsAdultCapsules*ColorFemalePubMedData showednonchancedistributions for ninecapsule colors inanticipated action. Asignificant differencebetween capsule andtablet for perceivedstrength was found... 11. 12 12. Save to mendeleyDemo video here:http://youtu.be/s4nwB9Kpjnk 13. Wikipedia projectThe talk pageWhat would you do?Put that in the survey 14. Survey asks you to:1. How will you improve the wikipedia article onconcussions here. Did you fix a citation, find abetter one, expand on the research, etc.?2. Copy what you wrote or would like to writeon the talk page.3. Did you make this change?4. Do you want to be an editor? 15. PearlingNewer/forward in timeOlder/backward in timePeer reviewed articleReferences1.2.3.4.etc.Peer reviewed articleReferences1.2.3.4.etc.References Peer reviewed article1.2.3.4.etc.References1.2.3.4.etc.Peer reviewed articlePeer reviewed articleReferences1.2.3.4.etc.Footnotechasing 16. NEW: Berry picking Pick and choose Expert in your topic 17. Hierarchy of evidenceStudy 3StatisticalresultsStudy 2StatisticalresultsStudy 1StatisticalresultsMeta-analysiscombined/pooled statsStudy 4Statisticalresults 18. Meta-analysisCombines data from many studies. May combine data from case/control and cohortstudies merging data increasing sample size.Two problems with meta-analysis are: publication bias (studies with no effect or littleeffect may not even get published) and thequality of the design of the studies from whichdata is pulled. This can lead to misleading results. 19. Reviews [Publication Type]An article or book published after examinationof published material on a subject. It may becomprehensive to various degrees and the timerange of material scrutinized may be broad ornarrow, but the reviews most often desired arereviews of the current literature. The textualmaterial examined may be equally broad andcan encompass, in medicine specifically, clinicalmaterial as well as experimental research orcase reports. 20. Example 1 Example 2A. Meta analysisB. ReviewC. Scientific StudyD. Case studies 21. How is a meta-review different?1.2.3.4. 22. See 1 citation found using an alternative search:PubMed (2008). "Moderate and severe traumatic brain injury in adults". Lancet NeurologyLancet Neurol. 2008 Aug;7(8):728-41. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70164-9.Moderate and severe traumatic brain injury in adults.Maas AI , Stocchetti N, Bullock R.Display Settings: AbstractSee 1 citation found using an alternative search:Lancet Neurol. 2008 Aug;7(8):728-41. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70164-9.Moderate and severe traumatic brain injury in adults.Maas AI , Stocchetti N, Bullock R.1Author informationTraditional approaches to the classification of clinical severity debate owing to the widespread policy of early sedation and ventilation in patients, and are being supplemented with structural and functional neuroimaging. research has greatly advanced our knowledge of the mechanisms involved creating opportunities for medical intervention and targeted therapies; however, research into patient benefit remains a challenge. Clinical management structured and evidence based since the publication of guidelines covering this Review, we summarise new developments and current knowledge and moderate and severe TBI in adults. Suggestions are provided for the way 1Author informationAbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health and socioeconomic problem that affects all societies. Inrecent years, patterns of injury have been changing, with more injuries, particularly contusions,occurring in older patients. Blast injuries have been identified as a novel entity with specificcharacteristics. Traditional approaches to the classification of clinical severity are the subject ofdebate owing to the widespread policy of early sedation and ventilation in more severely injuredpatients, and are being supplemented with structural and functional neuroimaging. Basic scienceresearch has greatly advanced our knowledge of the mechanisms involved in secondary damage,creating opportunities for medical intervention and targeted therapies; however, translating thisresearch into patient benefit remains a challenge. Clinical management has become much morestructured and evidence based since the publication of guidelines covering many aspects of care. Inthis Review, we summarise new developments and current knowledge and controversies, focusing onmoderate and severe TBI in adults. Suggestions are provided for the way forward, with an emphasison epidemiological monitoring, trauma organisation, and approaches to management.AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health and socioeconomic problem recent years, patterns of injury have been changing, with more injuries, particularly occurring in older patients. Blast injuries have been identified as a novel characteristics. PMID: 18635021 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Grant SupportPublication TypesResearch Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.ReviewMeSH TermsAdultBrain Injuries/classification*Brain Injuries/diagnosis*Brain Injuries/economicsBrain Injuries/epidemiologyGuidelines as TopicFull text linksPublication Types, MeSH Terms,Grant SupportReviewMeSH Terms 23. Search appropriate databasesUsing advanced search strategiesBooleanPrecisionPeer review*Remember 24. Boolean AND, OR, NOTconcussionTraumatic Brain Injur*Closedhead injur*(concussion OR traumatic brian injur*OR closed head injur*) = larger set 25. Boolean AND, OR, NOTConcussionbrain injur* Collegeathlet*Return to play(concussion OR brain injur*) AND return to play AND college athlete*) =more precise set 26. BooleanAND, OR, NOTconcussions comas 27. Find what you wantStructure of information 28. How do you find your 29. How are books arranged in a library? 30. Call numbers 31. Call numbers 32. Call numbers : Subject headings 33. How are articles arranged foundin databases? 34. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)retrieve information that usesdifferent terminologyfor the same concepts.syncopeUsed for: Fainting Vertigo Drop attacks 35. MeSHHierarchicalchanges slowlycontrolled vocabulary 36. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/68019142 37. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/68029043 38. Subject Headings Medical Subject Headings, or MeSH terms(Pubmed) Descriptors (Academic Search Premier) Library of Congress Subject Headings LCsubjects - (Library catalog/OCLC/Janus) 39. Precision 40. If I use MeSH in my search will I getmore precise* articles on my topicormore general articles?A.More preciseB.More general 41. Altmetrics 42. Remember lets pretend everythingis right with the world 43. http://scholarlyoa.com/publishers/ 44. Publisher Threatens LibrarianWith $1 Billion Lawsuit 45. Phishing::predatory journals 46. Phishing::predatory journals 47. RetractionsMore on: http://retractionwatch.com 48. https://www.superbetter.com 49. Quest 1Tap your feeton the flooras fast as youcan for 10secondsORmake yourhands into fists.raise them overyour head ashigh as you canfor 10 seconds 50. +1 physical resilience 51. Quest 2snap yourfingers exactly50 times ORcountbackwardsfrom 100 by 7(100, 93, etc.) 52. +1 mental resilience 53. Quest 3Find a windowto look out ofORimage searchfor [yourfavorite babyanimals] 54. +1 emotional resilience 55. Quest 4shakesomeoneshand for 6secondsORsend someonea quick thankyou by text,email, FB ortwitter 56. +1 social resilience 57. Show me the sciencehttp://janemcgonigal.com/2014/01/06/superbetter-show-me-the-science/ 58. +1 physical resilience+1 mental resilience+1 emotional resilience+1 social resilience 59. + 10 years 60. From:http://www.ted.com/talks/jane_mcgonigal_the_game_that_can_give_you_10_extra_years_of_life.html 61. Suggested reading - hierarchy of evidenceGreenhalgh, T. (1997). How to read a paper. Gettingyour bearings (deciding what the paper is about).BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 315(7102), 2436.Retrieved fromhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2127173/pdf/9253275.pdfUnderstanding and using the Hierarchy of Evidencehttps://hive.library.uwa.edu.au/hive/cache/202902/hive.cgi/zip/202902/LO2ACQ_FBE/html/understand.html 62. Example 1Example 2 63. How is a meta-review different?1.2.3.4.